HomeMy WebLinkAboutMINUTES - 06222004 - C134 TO: BOARD OF SUPERVISORS Contra
FROM: INTERNAL OPERATIONS COMMITTEE ,;, Costa
DATE: JUNE 7, 2004 `-`cois °` County
'�
SUBJECT. STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MULTI-LANGUAGE CAPABILITIES
OF THE TELEPHONE EMERGENCY NOTIFICATION (RINGDOWN) SYSTEM6,1.>1f
SPECIFIC REQUESTS)OR RECOMMENDATION(S)&BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION
RECOMMENDATIONS:
1. RECALL that in December 2003, the Board of Supervisors directed the Health Services
and Sheriff's departments to proceed with the testing of the multi-language public safety
messaging device to determine its applicability in the County's emergency notification
system, fully evaluate both the current pilot project and the new device to determine
which provides the best solution for the County, and report back to the 2003 Internal
Operations Committee in January 2004 with the preliminary results of the test.
2. ACCEPT report prepared jointly by the Health Services and Sheriff's Departments on
the methodology, results, and conclusions from the test of the multi-language database
approach and the public safety messaging device approach involving the Laotian
Organizing Project and the Laotian community of West Contra Costa County.
3. ACKNOWLEDGE that while each approach has its strengths and drawbacks, staff
concludes that the public safety messaging device approach is the most promising,
albeit the technology and coordination with public telephone utilities are not fully
developed.
CONTINUED ON ATTACHMENT: YES SIGNATURE:
RECOMMENDATION OF COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR RECOMMEND T14N OF BOARD COMMITTEE
APPROVE OTHER
(ABSENT)
SIGNATURE(S):
GAYLE B. UILKEMA, CHAIR MARK DeSAULNIER
----------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------__--__-_-_--_--- -------------------
ACTION OF BOARD ON t f@ C g_� APPROVE AS RECOMMENDED_O--HER
VOTE OF SUPERVISORS I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT"HIS IS A TRUE
AND CORRECT COPY OF AN ACTION TAKEN
UNANIMOUS(ABSENT } AND ENTERED ON THE MINUTES OF THE
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS ON THE DATE
AYES: NOES: SHOWN.
ABSENT: ABSTAIN:
ATTESTED: JUNE 15,2004
CONTACT: JULIE ENEA (925)335-1077 JOHN SWEETEN,CLERK OF THE BOARD
OF SUPERVISORS AND COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR
CC: INTERNAL OPERATIONS COMMITTEE STAFF
RANDAL'SAWYER,HAZMAT PROGRAM MANAGER
MICHAEL KENT,;HAZMAT OMBUDSMAN
LIS KLUTE,SHERIFF'S EMERGENCY SERVICES DIVISION
LAOTIAN ORGANIZING PROJECT,FAX(510)236-4572
E3Y �� �,�'�--- er ,DEPUTY
Multi-Language Emergency Messaging Capabilities June 7, 2004
Internal Operations Committee Page 2
4. REQUEST the Office of the Sheriff-Coroner, in concert with the Health Services
Department, to continue to identify and pursue opportunities with manufacturers of
public safety messaging devices or other new technology and public telephone utilities
to provide affordable public emergency messaging in multiple languages, and to report
back to the Internal Operations Committee with an implementation plan and budget for
this initiative.
5. RECOGNIZE that public education and outreach, particularly to nor-English speaking
communities, is an essential component of an effective public emergency notification
system.
FISCAL IMPACT:
Unknown at this time.
BACKGROUND:
On december 13, 1999, the Internal Operations Committee was asked by the Board to
receive updates from, and provide additional direction to, the Health Services Department on
the status of implementing the multilingual capabilities of the Community Alert Network, the
provider at that time of telephone emergency notification services to the County. The IOC
has overseen, and received regular reports on, the progress of the project.
The multi-language pilot project involving the Laotian community, begun in March 2001, has
been led by Michael Kent, Hazardous Materials Ombudsman and Lewis Pascalli, Hazardous
Materials Programs Director. The project involved hiring staff from the Laotian community to
gather data about the languages spoken at each household within the target Laotian
community, and building a database of this information for use by the telephone emergency
ringdown system. Funding commitments were received in the amounts of $100,000 from the
California Air resources Board and $40,000 from the Bay Area Air Quality Management
District to pay the costs to the pilot project. Mr. Kent worked with the community and affected
agencies on this project and provided progress reports to the Internal Operations Committee
in March, May, August and December 2001, in March 2002, and in June and November
2003,
On March 4, 2002, Mr. Kent provided our Committee with a draft work plan developed by
Phaeng Toommaly-Andersen, the Project Coordinator hired from within the Laotian
community to help facilitate the project. The immediate goals for the project in March were to
complete the work plan, hire and train outreach workers, develop a database for managing
the information collected through outreach efforts, and develop outreach materials. In
December 2002, the IOC reviewed and approved the updated work plan and asked for a six-
month update in 2003.
In June 2003, the IOC received a report prepared by Mr. Pascalli providing a comprehensive
Multi-Language Emergency Messaging Capabilities June 7, 2004
Internal Operations Committee Page 3
history of the department's efforts to develop a database of languages spoken at homes in
the target Laotian community. Mr. Pascalli advised that the biggest challenge encountered in
the project was maintaining the information once it was enterered in the database. In any
system that relies on a central database of information, it is essential that the data be kept
accurate and current.
During the course of the project, responsibility for managing the telephone emergency
notification (ringdown) system was transferred from the Health Services Department to the
Office of the Sheriff. During this period of transfer, the Health Services Department and the
Office of the Sheriff have worked collaboratively on obtaining and providing emergency
notification services. In November 2003, the Board of Supervisors approved a new vendor,
Dialogic Communications, Inc., to provide the Telephone Emergency Notification System
(TENS), which is capable of delivering emergency messages in multiple languages and, in
the future, will be able to interface with personal alert devices. Following transition of the
TENS responsibility to the Office of the Sheriff effective July 1, 2004, the Health Services
Department and the Office of the Sheriff have continued to work collaboratively on the multi-
lingual alert issue under the oversight of the IOC.
In the course of researching telephone emergency notification systems, the Office of the
Sheriff was introduced to a new device that connects to an ordinary telephone, detects the
special frequency of emergency messages, and can announce an emergency situation or an
"all clear" signal in any language specified without the resident having to pick up the receiver.
Since the use of such a device, if it can perform as described, would obviate the need for
maintaining a central database, our Committee directed that both options be thoroughly
evaluated to determine which provides the best solution for the County. The Laotian
Organizing Project, at our June 2, 2003 meeting, indicated that it fully supported the County's
efforts to look at all potential solutions and would continue to actively participate in the
County's pilot project. The IOC would also consider the BAAQMD's policy that fines for
violations of air quality standards be applied to help communities affectedby reduced air
quality, as a possible model for funding expenses related to a Countywide emergency
messaging solution.
At our November 3, 2003 meeting, the Health Services and Sheriff's Departments were
granted authorization to proceed with a test in December of the new device in 100
households within the Laotian community. The test involved community outreach and
education, installation of devices, and a follow-up evaluation. The costs of conducting the
test included staff to conduct the outreach and education, the devices at $35 each, and
certain telephone company charges. These costs were funded through grants awarded by
the California Air Resources Board and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District Board,
and required no additional County funds.
The test of the Public Service Messaging devices was conducted on February 4, 2004. A
follow-up survey was conducted with the participants to evaluate the effectiveness of this
approach. The final report (attached hereto) summarizing the two pilot tests and staff
evaluation was submitted to the Internal Operations Committee for consideration at our June
Multi-Language Emergency Messaging Capabilities June 7, 2004
Internal Operations Committee Page 4
7, 2004 meeting , Based on the staff report, our Committee supports the development of the
public safety messaging device approach to providing emergency messaging in multiple
languages, The Laotian community also supports this approach as long as adequate public
outreach and training is provided to ensure proper use of the devices, and the devices are
provided affordably.
Telephone Emergency Notification System Multilingual Pilot Project—)Final Report
June 7,2004
Introduction.
The Telephone Emergency Notification System(TENS)multilingual pilot project was
conceiver)in response to a major chemical explosion in March of 1999 at the Chevron
Refinery in Richmond. The Richmond area is home to a sizable Laotian community.
Many of these residents are refugees and don't speak English as their first language, or at
all. Inquiries by Asian Pacific Environmental Network(APEN) staff to their students in
the Richmond area revealed that either Laotian people diet not know what happened, or
they had no access to information about what to do in response to the incident due to their
language barrier. Many elderly people were not informed of emergency safety
procedures, including"Shelter-In-Place"information. Due to this lack of information,
many Laotian senior citizens went outside to assess the situation instead of following
proper emergency safety procedures, causing great concern within the Laotian
community.
In response to this situation,the Laotian Organizing Project(LOP), a grassroots
organizing effort of APEN, launched an advocacy effort requesting the Contra Costa
County Board of Supervisors and Contra Costa Health Services to implement multi-
lingual capability for the TENS component of the County's Community Warning System.
This system has the capability of quickly sending multiple recorded phone messages to
targeted areas containing information about the steps people should take to protect
themselves from a near-by chemical release. Over the next year,the LOP,working with
the Board of Supervisors and Health Services, developed a pilot project proposal to
integrate multilingual capability into the TENS for four Laotian languages.
In July of 2000, the Internal Operations Committee of the Board.of Supervisors directed
Health Services to secure funding for, and implement,the pilot program. With the
assistance of the LOP and Communities for a Better Environment,Health Services
secured$140,000 in grants for the project in late 2001 from the California Air Resources
Board and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District. Upon completion of a test, the
pilot project would be evaluated to determine the best approach:to take to create multi-
lingual capability for the TENS for the Laotian community and other ethnic communities
and languages within the County.
The approach of the initial pilot project was to identify all the households in the
Richmond/San Pablo area of the County in which members spoke one of four
predominant Laotian languages-Lao,Khmu,Mien or Hmong. The phone number and
address of each household, as well as the language spoken at each household,would then
be entered into a database. The members of each household would also be given
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instruction as to the proper Shelter-in-Place procedures to follow in the event of a
chemical release or fire. The database would be used by the vendor responsible for
operating the TENS to send messages to appropriate households in the identified
language during and after a chemical release or fire, simultaneous with the English
messages sent to the same area.
At about the same time the initial pilot test was being completed in the Spring of 2003,
the Office of the Sheriff was introduced to a new Public Safety Messaging{PSM}device
that connects to an ordinary telephone and can announce an emergency situation in any
language specified without the resident having to pick up the receiver. This device has
the potential for being placed in any household or business for the purpose of receiving
emergency messages. The use of such a device, if it could perform as described, would
do away with the need for maintaining a central database. Therefore, on June 10, 2003
the Board of Supervisors directed staff to test this technology so that it could be
compared to the comprehensive database approach to determine which provides the best
solution for the County. This system was installed in selected Laotian households and
tested.
This report describes the findings of this pilot project and recommendations based on
those findings. It then describes the development, implementation and evaluation of both
approaches tested in the pilot project.
Findings
1. Both the comprehensive database approach and the Public Safety.Messaging
System approach to providing multilingual capability for the Telephone Emergency
:Notification System were generally well received by the Laotian Community.Both
approaches have their strong points and their shortcomings.
The results of the follow-up evaluations indicated that both approaches were well
received. Ninety-nine percent of the respondents that evaluated the approaches felt the
approach they evaluated worked well and would be beneficial to the community. The
only significant negative feedback to either approach was in response to suggested ways
to update a database.
The database approach is the simplest to use from the resident's point of view—in the
event of an emergency a resident simply answers the phone when it rings and hears a
warning message in their native language. However, a database of this type can be very
costly to develop because of the complexity and resource-intensive nature of obtaining
this type of information from an immigrant community, as was found in this pilot. Also, a
comprehensive database must be updated periodically or it quickly becomes obsolete.
When developing a comprehensive database of this type, there is no way to ensure that all
of the desired households are included. There is currently no method to comprehensively
create or update this type of database in an automated fashion, and none of the methods
evaluated by participants in the database test were highly well received. Expanding and
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maintaining this approach for other languages such as Spanish would be very costly and
cumbersome.
The Public Safety Messaging system is more involved for residents to use, as boxes need
to be installed and maintained. But once a resident has a box,they can take it with them if
they move, and set it up in their new home so they are not dropped out of the system.. The
Public Safety Messaging system is also more multi-faceted and more accessible than a
single recorded message. the resident is warned that an emergency is occurring without
having to choose to answer a phone call; and if a resident is not home or does not know
the meaning of the alert tone, the written message provides them with a phone number to
call for more information. This information can be repeated if necessary.
Public Safety Messages can also be delivered more quickly than recorded phone calls.
However, a method would still have to be developed to initially identify households in
the County that want boxes, and to continually identify new households moving into the
County that would want boxes. Also, as of now, homes must have Caller-ID to receive
the alert tone and written message. Finally, as of now, the manufacturer has a minimum
order quantity of 2000 boxes in any particular language. The cost to residents for a Public
Safety Messaging system is also of concern to the community. The Laotian Organizing
Project expressed their concern to project staff about whether residents would have to pay
to access the system through Caller-DD or some other means, and for the PSM boxes
themselves.
2. Both approaches could be expanded to notify residents about other types of
emergencies.
In this pilot,both approaches only tested warning messages about chemical emergencies.
The evaluations showed that participants could understand and react to complex
messages and instructions about chemical emergencies. This indicates they could respond
well to messages about other types of emergencies such as earthquakes, fires, and floods.
The new vendor for the TENTS system has the capability to implement both types of
approaches,though they already have experience utilizing the PSM system in Canada
with French as one of two national languages.
3. Regardless of which approach is taken to provide multilingual capability for the
TENS,a certain amount of direct education will have to be done for participating
residents about the Community Warning System and how to Shelter-in-Mace, as
well as the"FENS itself.
This will be true whether residents are being asked to provide their personal information
to develop and maintain a database, or being asked to install and maintain a Public Safety
Messaging System.Unless residents understand the important role the TENTS message
plays in enabling them to protect their health and the health of their families,it is unlikely
either system will be effective. This education can be in the form of group workshops,
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videos, written materials, one-on-one meetings or any combination of these. The Laotian
Organizing Project expressed these same concerns to project staff, emphasizing that no
system will be effective without adequate public outreach and education.
Recommendations
Staff from both Contra Costa Health Services and the Sheriff's Emergency Services
Division Community'Warning System program believe the best way to expand the
multilingual capability of the TENS is to further develop alternate warning
technology such as the Public Safety Messaging System.
Multilingual capability for the Telephone Emergency Notification System could proceed
along three approaches:
1. A comprehensive database system
2. A self-identified database system
3. A Public Safety Messaging System
1. The overriding drawback of the comprehensive database approach is the large cost and
complexity of the outreach program that would be required to develop and maintain
comprehensive databases of multiple languages throughout the County. Staff lacks
confidence that such a database could remain comprehensive or accurate. Unless these
databases were regularly maintained, they would quickly deteriorate. Some homes would
receive messages in languages that would no longer be spoken in those homes, and some
homes would only receive messages in English even though the current residents don't
speak English as a first language. In comparison, once a household had a PSM system,
they could remain in the system even if they change addresses or phone numbers, and
they wouldn't have to notify the County of the change.
2. The County could develop a database that only contained the addresses and telephone
numbers of household that were self-selected. The comprehensive database approach that
was tested attempted to develop a database that contained all Laotian households without
employing a screening tool to determine which homes truly needed a message in their
native language. The County could develop a more limited database that employed a self-
selected screening tool. This would place the responsibility of initially being added to the
database and remaining in the database in the hands of residents that felt they would
benefit from receiving a warning message in their native language. However,staff does
not recommend this approach either. The County would still have to conduct extensive
outreach and maintain multiple databases,yet the responses to the evaluation questions
concerning updating a comprehensive database lead staff to believe that a number of
residents that would benefit from being part of the database would not update their
information if they moved or changed phone numbers.
3. The Public Safety Messaging system is evolving. Currently, users of the system must
have Caller-ID activated to receive the alerting tone. However, this may change so that
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all phones can receive the alert tone using a universal carrier called Utility Telemetry.
The Community Warning System program is talking with SBC and working towards
making this system universally available. Also,PSM boxes currently have to be
programmed in a specific language by the manufacture before shipping, and boxes in a
particular language have to be manufactured in large lots. Efforts are underway to
develop a box that could be programmed by the user in the language of their choice. This
would provide greater flexibility for providing alert units for languages spoken by limited
numbers of households. Given the versatility of this technology and its evolving nature, a
Public Safety Messaging system approach is the most promising for providing
multilingual capacity for the Telephone Emergency Notification System.
The Initial Pilot Test—the Comprehensive Database Approach
MeIh�odolo�v
Contra Costa Health Services worked closely with the Laotian Organizing Project to
implement the initial pilot project. One program coordinator and four Community
Outreach Workers were hired to complete the pilot project in a one-year time frame.
Oversight for the project was the responsibility of the Hazardous Materials Ombudsman
and the Director of the Hazardous Materials Programs. All project staff were bilingual,
and the Community Outreach workers represented each of the four major Laotian
communities in the Richmond/San Pablo area-Lao,Mien,Khmu and Hmong. The
Program Coordinator was hired in April of 2002, and the four Community Outreach
Workers were hired in May of 2002.
The primary duty of the Program Coordinator was to oversee the day-to-day
implementation of the pilot,hire and train the Community Outreach Workers, develop
educational materials, disseminate information to community leaders and coordinate the
effort of the data collection process. The Community Outreach Workers' primary
responsibilities included collecting the telephone number and address of Laotian
language-speaking households and entering that data into the database system. They also
conducted workshops,presentations, and home visits to the Laotian community to inform
them about the Community Warning System and how to Shelter-in-Place.The
Community Outreach Workers were also responsible for conducting a follow-up survey
evaluating the test of the system, and soliciting input on what would be the best methods
to update the database.
Project staff were trained by the Executive Director of CAER about how the Community
Warning System works and what is the proper way to Shelter-in-Place. Training was also
conducted with APEN on how toxic chemicals affect the body, and on how chemicals
contaminate the air,water, and soil. The training with APEN also included a tour of local
toxic hot spots. The program coordinator trained the community outreach workers on
presentation skills,home visit skills,and data entry.After the staff was trained, the data
collection phase was initiated. The team met on a weekly basis to work on administrative
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issues, develop educational materials for the community, input data Into the database,
receive updates on the progress of the data collection, and discuss the progress of the
project.
The educational materials developed were program descriptions in three languages,
letters to community leaders, the Shelter-in-Place message in.Lao attached to the CAER
safety turtle, an instructional video and a Shelter-in-Place poster. Outreach materials
developed were data collection forms,home visit protocols for the Laotian community,
weekly report forms, and a follow-up survey form. The purpose of the letter to the
community leaders was to inform and introduce the project to the community leaders so
that they could pass on the information to the rest of their members during community
meetings. Individual meetings were also conducted with community leaders to explain
the program. Meeting with the community leaders was essential, particularly in the Mien
and Khrnu communities. Because these two communities are used to a tribal type of
organization, the community members tend to look to the community leaders for
information. The video and poster were considered essential teaching tools because of
literacy issues.
Data Collection
The Laotian community, as a whole, is very skeptical about government agencies and
government services. Also, many community members feel that some community leaders
have used community members for their own.benefit. Many community members have
had bad experiences with people contacting them, taking their name and other
information, promising them something in return, but never delivering on their promises.
Therefore, when the Community Outreach Workers started to collect data, they
experienced tremendous difficulty in obtaining information from community members.
The community members did not attend workshops partly because of time,but mostly
because they did not believe that the project would truly help them.
After several months of fruitless efforts at getting people to attend workshops, the team
met to strategize. A telephone survey was conducted with community leaders to find out
the most effective way to obtain the needed information from community members. As a
result, a decision was made to exclusively collect data from community members through
individual home visits.
Another issue that arose during the data collection phase was accurately estimating the
number of Laotians households in the West Contra Costa County area. The LOP had
initially provided the County with information that there are approximately 10,040
Laotians or approximately 3,000 Laotian families currently residing in the West Contra
Costa County area. However, in a Laotian community,the number of families is
different from the number of households. In order to save money or make ends meet, it is
not unusual for Laotian families to live together in one house,but still maintain their
sense of individual families.
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The staff decided to conduct informal surveys with community leaders to find out
approximately how many households are in each of their communities. It was
determined that there are approximately 200 households in the K:hum community, 250
households in the Lao community, 4 households in the Hmong community, and 350
households in the Mien community, for a total estimate of 804 Laotian households in the
Richmond/San Pablo area.
The data collection and data-entering phase was completed in March 2003. Seven
hundred and forty Laotian households,their language, address and telephone number,
were entered into the database system. The staff was able to collect data from 8810 of the
total estimated households. The Among Outreach Worker collected 100%of the Hmong
households. The Khmu Outreach Worker Collected 97%of the Khmu community
households,the Mien Outreach Worker collected 98%of Mien community households,
and the Lao Outreach Worker collected 80%of the Lao community households.
Community Alert Network(CAN)was the vendor contracted by the County to run
Telephone Emergency Notification System. The project coordinator worked closely with
CAN to develop the database system that would be compatible with CAN's database
system. The system was installed into the county's computers so the Community
Outreach Workers could directly input data into the system. In addition to transferring the
database to CAN's system,outreach staff worked with CAN staff to record the Shelter-
In-Place message and the All-Clear message in Lao,Mien, Khmu, and Hmong.
System Test and Evaluation
On Wednesday,April 2, 2003 the system was tested. The purpose of the test was to
detem-iine if the pre-recorded Shelter-in-Place and All-clear messages sent to the Laotian
households in Lao,Mien, Khum and Hrnong were understandable and complete. That
day was picked for the test because the siren component of the CommunityWarning
System is tested the first'Wednesday of every month at 11:00 AIM. Therefore the pre-
recorded messages were also sent at 11:00 A.M. The test was also repeated at 6.00 PM to
allow for increased coverage.
After the test, .257 households that were entered into the database were called and asked
to evaluate the test message. These households were also asked to respond to a series of
questions about various possible methods of updating the database(Attachment 1).
Evaluations were completed.by 161 Mien households, 83 khmu households, 10 Lao
households, and 3 Hmong households. Each respondent was asked.9 questions(Table 1).
The first question asked if the respondent listened to the test message. Two hundred and
forty eight of the 257 households had listened to a test message. Only one of these 248
received the message in the wrong language. They were a household that spoke Mien but
received the message in Lao. Two hundred and forty five respondents said they could
understand the message and 243 said it was helpful for them to hear the message in their
native language. Two hundred and forty four of the respondents said they knew what to
do in the event of a chemical emergency.
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Table I.--Survey Results of Households Participating in the April 2 2003 Test
Language Group i Number of Number of i Households Households Households i Households
Households Households ! that that said that said it ` that said they I
on database ? Surveyed listened to they could was helpful now know
and called the test i understand to hear the what to do in
during test message the test message in i the event of a f
E message j their own chemical
! i
Janguage emergency
Dien 343 161 152 149 147 f 148
Lao 200 10 10 10 10 ! 10
Khmu 194 83 83
-[-8-3 83 83
Hmong 3 3 3 3 3 3
Total ' 740 257 248 245 ; 243 ' 244 E
Language E Households that ; Households that said Households that said they would E Households that said
Group said they would ? they would ask a new ; respond to a recorded message they would respond 3
number call a toll-free E
{ Laotian neighbor to that would automatically call � to a posy card that
surveyed) number if they call a toll-free them to get an up-date of their would be mailed to
moved or changed number to get on the residency status every six them for a residency
their phone database ; months. up-date every six 3
! number E months. e
Dien(l61) 43 154 92 119
Lao l0 10 9 10 10 E
Khmu83 = 78 77 e 80 76
Hmon (3) e 3 3 3 3
E
Total 257 134 243 185 208
Respondents were also asked to answer questions about different ways to update the
database. Only 134 of the 257,respondents, or 52%, said they would be willing to call a
toll free number to inform the County if they moved or if they changed their phone
number. However, a touch larger percentage, 95%, said they would be willing to tell a
new Laotian neighbor about a toll free number so they could enter themselves into a
database. When asked if they would respond to a recorded message that would
automatically call them every six months to update their residency status, only 185 of 257
respondents, or 71%, said yes. The last question asked if the responded would send back
a post card that would be mailed to them every six months to update their information.
Two hundred and eight of the 257 respondents, or 81 percent, said yes.
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The responses to the questions about methods to update the system varied amongst the
language groups and even based upon who was asking the questions. When asked if they
would call a toll free number to update their phone number or address, 7 of 121 Mien
respondents said yes to one interviewer, but 38 out of 40 said yes to the other. Follow-
up discussions with the interviewers revealed that the way this question was posed to the
group of 121 may have led the respondents to only answer yes to this method of updating
the system if they liked this method best, instead of evaluating it individually. While this
may have reduced the number of positive responses to this question, a change in this
result would not have impacted the overall conclusions or recommendations o.fthis
report. If a database approach is taken to provide multilingual capability for the TENS
system, resident surveys should be repeated to help determine the best way to update the
database.
Also, there was much more variation in answers amongst the Mien respondents than of
the other language groups. To the questions about responding to a recorded message or a
post card,the Mien respondents that were asked the questions by the native Mien-speaker
answered yes 49% and 75%of the time respectively. The Mien-speakers asked this
question by the non-native Mien speaker responded yes 99% and 100%of the time. The
Khmu respondents answered yes to these two questions 96% and 92%of the time
respectively. The Lao and Hmong speakers all responded yes to these two questions.
The Second Pilot Test—the Public Safety Messagjng System Approach
The ClassCo Company Inc. of Concord, New Hampshire manufactures a device that can
be installed in a home or business by connecting it to a telephone system. The installation
is a"Do It Yourself'matter similar to plugging in a cordless phone. The device requires
110 volt AC power and connection to a standard telephone jack. The device has extra
telephone jacks so that it can be connected in series with other installed telephones, fax
equipment or caller ID boxes.The device has an intrusive alarm sufficient to wake
sleeping persons,the ability to provide alerts that are heard by all members of a
household, and is designed to meet special needs and activate secondary devices used by
differentlyt-abled individuals. This small box can also be programmed to emit a short
audible emergency message in one of many different languages, and display ashort
written message in English,(or any other language selected during the message
generation)when activated. This written message gives a phone number to call for more
detailed information in specific languages.
The manager of the Sheriff's Emergency Services Division Community Warning System
Program saw the Public Safety Messaging system demonstrated at a conference and felt it
could be adapted to provide multilingual warning messages for the County's Telephone
Emergency Notification System. At the direction�of the Board of Supervisors, a test of
this approach was conducted on February 4,2004. Contra Costa Health Services, the
Sheriff's Emergency Services Division Community Warning System Program, the City
of Richmond Office of Emergency Services, Contra Costa CAER and the Laotian
9
Organizing Project worked together to develop a methodology to test this approach. The
methodology results, and evaluation of this test are described below.
Methodology
Two Laotian outreach workers were employed to recruit 100 Laotian households to
participate in a test of ClassCo's Pubic Safety Messaging System. Two of the outreach
workers previously employed to implement the initial comprehensive database pilot test
were hired for this project because of their familiarity with the Community Warning
System and the Emergency Telephone Notification System. One outreach worker was
fluent in Lao and Khmu, and was asked to recruit 50 Lao-speaking Lao and Khmu
families to participate in the test(Khmu-speaking people commonly speak Lao). The
other outreach worker was fluent in Mien and was asked to recruit 50 Mien-speaking
families to participate in the test.
The outreach workers each recruited approximately 50 households to participate in the
test with the aid of the Laotian Organizing Project and in consultationn with various Lao,
Mien and Khmu organizations. The phone numbers of these households were provided to
ClassCo and the primary local telephone provider, SBC, in the weeks before the test.
During the month before the test,the outreach workers installed the ClassCo PSM boxes
in participants' homes,provided instruction on their use, and provided written
instructions on how to use the boxes during the test in their languages. Since most of
these residents had already received education about the Community Warning System
and instruction on how to Shelter-in-Place during the initial phase of the pilot project, this
test did not include an extensive education component. After the test was complete, the
outreach workers collected the boxes from the participants and asked there to complete a
written evaluation of the test.
The ClassCo PSM system normally consists of a single small box that is connected to a
phone using a normal telephone cable, similarly to an answering machine. A modified
system was used for this test because of time and cost considerations. This modified
system consisted of two small boxes installed in series and attached to the phone(Figure
l). One box provided the audible alert tone and the short audible message, and the other
box provided the written message. The short audible message was programmed to say
"Chemical Emergency, Shelter in Place"in either Lao or Mien. The written message said,
"This is a test, Shelter in Place,For Information call(925)957-7403".The test
participant could either directly call the number provided or push a button on the box to
automatically dial the number. The number provided called the County's Information
Systems Call Center. The recorded message gave the listener the option of receiving
additional information in English,Lao or Mien about how to Shelter-in-Place. In the
actual system,the TENS provider would operate this call center function.
PSM boxes are activated by the same phone system signal carrier that activates the
Caller-ID function. Therefore, for the PSM system to work during the test,the
participant's phone system had to have Caller-ID activated. The Community Warning
10
System staff approached SBC and secured their cooperation to activate Caller-ID, for no
charge, for those participants that did not previously have it activated. The California
Public Utilities Commission gave SBC permission to activate the Caller-l3 function for
the test for those participants that did not already have it. They stipulated, however,that
participants having the Caller-ID blocking function already activated could:not have their
Caller-ID function activated for the test. SBC was only able to activate the Caller-ID
function for participants that used SBC as their local service provider.
The day of the test, the PSM system was activated twice, once at 11:04 am and once at
7:00 pm. This was done to enable maximum opportunity for participation in the test. The
11:40 am test coincided with the monthly testing of the siren system. As will be discussed
in more detail in the results section, some of the participants ultimately did not have
operable PSM boxes available for the test.
System'Test and evaluation
Approximately 2 weeks before the test, ClassCo was provided with the phone numbers of
53 Mien-speaking homes and 50 Liao-speaking homes. They entered these phone
numbers into their database so that on the day of the test the PSM boxes installed in these
homes could be activated..Ultimately, only 49 Mien-spearing homes and 21 Lao-
spearing homes received units(Table 2).
'Cable 2. Survey Results of Households Participating in the Febru@U 4,20{ 4'fest
Language Homes I Homes Homes Homes responding to the survey that had the
{ receiving receiving I responding PSA boxes installed in their homes and
PSA boxes the PSA I to the i received the PSA Tone.
Tone survey `
E
y i
i Mien 49 39 47 37
Lao 21 16 18 = 14
"total 70 55 165 51
L E.
Language Hames Homes with Homes with PSA Homes Homes
with PSA PSA boxes boxes that responding to ; responding
boxes that that j participated in the survey ; to the
tried to participated ` the test and felt that felt survey that
i participate in the test the alert message having a felt having a
e
in the test and listened and the pre- system to system to
j to the ; recorded follow- provide i provide a
follow-up up message were ' audible alerts # follow-up
f message understandable in their message in
native their native
language ''=. language
would be I would be 3
i
4 beneficial beneficial
Mien ! 27 25 24 46 46
Lao 13 10 10 E 17 1 18 3
,
Total 40 35 �34 63 64
Of the Mien-speaking homes, 39 of the 49 homes with PSM boxes received the alert
tone. The other 10 did not previously have Caller-U) in place, and it could not be
activated for the test. SBC could not activate Caller-ID for 3 of these homes because they
had different local service providers, and they could not activate Calder-ID for the other 7
homes because they previously had Caller-ID Blocking in place. Of the 39 Mien-
speaking homes that received the alert tone, 7 previously had Caller-ID in place and. 32
were provided Caller-ID by SBC for the test.
Of the Lao-speaking homes, 16 of the 21 homes with PSM boxes received the alert tone.
The other 5 did not previously have Caller-ID in place, and it could not be activated for
the test. SBC could not activate Caller-ID for 3 of these Domes because they had different
local service providers, and they could not activate Caller-ID for the other 2 homes
because they previously had Caller-ID Blocking in place. Of the 16 Lao-speaking homes
that received the alert tone, 11 previously had Callers-ID in place and 5 were provided
Caller-ID by SBC for the test.
All participants in the test were asked to fill out evaluation forms upon completion of the
test(Attachment 2). Forty-seven Mien-speaking participants completed evaluation.forms.
Thirty-seven of the 47 Mien-speaking participants that filled out evaluation forms had the
PSM boxes installed in their homes and received the alert tone.Twenty-seven of these 37
participants indicated that they tried to participate in at least one of the two tests. Of these
27 participants,25 indicated that they heard at least one of the tests and also listened to
the pre-recorded follow-up message they were instructed to call. However, 6 of these
respondents were helped by the outreach worker to make the follow-up call. One of the
other two respondents tried to participate in the 11:00 am test,but never heard the alert
12
tone, the other heard the 7:00 pin alert,but could not figure out how to automatically dial
the phone number provided to hear more information.
The 10 respondents that had the units installed in their homes and received the alert tone,
but indicated that they did not participate in the test gave the following reasons: Not
home (5); Did not understand the instructions(2); Tao busy(1); No Reason Given (2).
Only one respondent indicated that the alert message and the pre-recorded follow-up
message were not understandable. Forty-six of the 47 respondents said yes in response to
the questions asking whether having a system to provide audible alerts and follow-up
messages in their native language would be beneficial. One respondent did not answer
these 2 questions. The only other comment made by a respondent was that they thought
the system should be simpler.
,Eighteen of the Lao-speaking participates completed evaluation forms. Fourteen of the 18
Lao-speaking participants that filled out evaluation .forms had the PSM boxes installed in
their homes and received the alert tone. Thirteen of these 14 participants indicated that
they tried to participate in at least one of the two tests. The other participant was not
home at the time of the test. Of these 13 participants, 10 indicated that they heard at least
one of the tests and also listened to the pre-recorded follow-up message they were
instructed to call. The other three respondents said they tried to participate in the test, but
the PSM did not work.
All of the ten respondents that heard the alert tone and made follow-up phone calls felt
they could understand the messages. Seventeen of the 18 respondents thought having an
audible alert system in their native language would be beneficial. One of the respondents
commented that they thought the test system of two boxes was too complicated. All 18
respondents thought having a number to call in their native language for more detailed
information would be beneficial.
13
Figure 1
Alarm
Sound...
-2- i cccf'
SHELTER IN PLAC i "Emergency"
Lao/Mien
a^ et}lata}r—a;i
xw�t .. �}�}rr�rtiSit u
1
� a r—
h
857�� � � ��Nc r• i
t iiRR 1 on
A. Push to stow alarm.. ' ` Ct With info number
B: Push twice more to visible,pick up i
Push quickly and release to read message and display phone, push to vial
replay Lao/Mien message
[call center info number t ` call center
__
11
}"J
r�r
CJ ✓
VAI
IA
co
ts
t CSS G '
y A, CC
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tit
it 'a S ,� i d• ,,yyyj�yapl���.�'
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Attachment 2
Evaluation Questions for ClassCo Box Test of February 4,2004
PHONE NUMBER
Yes No
1. Were the boxes installed for you to participaW in the test?
QUESTIONS 11,00 AM 7:00 PM '
f
Test 1 'fest
Yes No Yes i No
2. Did you particivate in the test?
3. Did you hear the alert message?
4. Could ou understand what was said?
5. Did you make a call to hear more information?
6. Did you use your telephone to dial the number yourself?
------------
Or
7. Did you push the mode Dial button on the White Box to
make the call?
8. In what language did au listen to this message? i
En Wish
Lao
Mien '
9. Could you understand what was being said in the message?
10. Were the instructions of the messy e understandable? i
12. Were the instructions and materials given to you when the boxes were installed sufficient for
you to be able to use the boxes and make the follow-up call during the test? y N
Why.
13. Do you feel having a box that makes an audible alert in your native language to warm you of
emergencies would be beneficial? y N
Why:
14. Do you feel having a number to call in your native language for more detailed information
would be beneficial? y N
Why:
Other Comments Not Covered in Above Questions:
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