HomeMy WebLinkAboutMINUTES - 06251996 - D3 'e D. 3
Contra
.E
o
Costa
TO: BOARD OF SUPERVISORS ,
County
FROM: PHIL BATCHELOR
County Administrator
DATE: June 25, 1996
SUBJECT: AUTHORIZATION TO SUBMIT COMMUNITY-BASED PUNISHMENT OPTIONS
PLAN
Specific Request(s) or Recommendation(s) & Background & Justification
RECOMMENDATIONS :
Authorize the County Administrator to submit Contra Costa County' s Community-
Based Punishment Options Plan to the State Board of Corrections by June 30,
1996 .
FISCAL IMPACT:
The Community-Based Punishment Options Plan was paid for entirely through a
grant from the State Board of Corrections . There are no County general funds
involved in submission of the plan. Completion of the plan may put the
County in the position of being eligible for State funding for various
community-based programs that may be authorized later by the Legislature.
REASONS FOR RECOMMENDATION/BACKGROUND:
The Community-Based Punishment Act (Penal Code Sections 8050 through 8093)
created broad legislative support for a comprehensive and coordinated
planning and implementation effort to assess the need for, and to develop and
operate a range of intermediate sanctions at the local level . The program
envisioned in the act would be a collaborative effort between state and local
government intended to create alternative punishment options for certain non-
violent offenders . The Board of Corrections is the designated state agency
to facilitate this effort and to administer the process from planning and
community-based punishment plans through project implementation.
The Budget Act for 1995-96 included an appropriation of $2 million to the
Board of Corrections for grants to counties for the purpose of developing
community-based punishment plans that will reduce the number of commitments
to state prison and to the Department of the Youth Authority. The Board of
Corrections selected 23 counties in January 19961 ba on itten proposals,
to produce punishment options plans by June 30, 1
Continued on Attachment: x YES Signature: Wr1
Recommendation of County Administrator
Recommendation of Board Committee
Approve Other
Signature(s) :
Action of Board on: June 25 , 1996 Approved as Recommended x Other
Vote of Supervisors : I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS IS A TRUE
AND CORRECT COPY OF AN ACTION TAKEN
x Unanimous (Absent ) AND ENTERED ON THE MINUTES OF THE
Ayes : Noes : ) BOARD OF SUPERVISORS ON DATE SHOWN.
Contact: George Roemer (646-4855) Attested: June 25 , 1996
cc: CAO-Justice System Programs Phil Batchelor, Clerk of
Members, Community-Based Planning the Board of Supervisors
Team and Cty Administrator
Members, Juvenile Systems v
Planning Advisory Committee By: , DEPUTY
�3
Community-Based Punishment Options
Page 2
June 25, 1996
Contra Costa County received $92,000 to develop a County Community-Based
Punishment Options Plan.
Resolution #95/565 ( 11/28/95) authorized the County to participate in the
Community-Based Punishment Options Planning Grants Program. The resolution
set forth a team consisting of Warren Rupf, Sheriff-Coroner, Terrence Starr,
County Probation Officer, Gary Yancey, District Attorney, Charles James,
Public Defender, Hon. John Minney, Chuck Deutschman, Director, ubstance Abuse
Services, Barry Kalar, Town of Moraga Police Chief, George Roemer, Senior
Deputy County Administrator, and two public members, Chris Adams and Orin
Allen as members of the Community-Based Planning Committee to do the research
and prepare the report required by the grant.
The report was also reviewed and approved for submission by the Juvenile
Systems Planning Advisory Committee.
The study team completed an intensive assessment of the populations currently
housed in Contra Costa County' s juvenile facilities (Juvenile Hall and Orin
Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facility) , the adult jail system (Martinez
Detention Facility, West County Detention Facility and the Marsh Creek
Detention Facility) as well as Contra Costa County populations housed in the
California Youth Authority and the California Department of Corrections . The
data generated for this study will be extremely useful to the County both in
our own justice system planning efforts and in assisting us in reviewing
proposed legislation attempting to shift the responsibility of state
prisoners to local jurisdictions .
1�
Contra Costa County
�i
Community-Based
Punishment Op
Plan
Draft: June 30, 1996
Craig Miller,Project Director
Elise Woods
Mari Metcalf
Carol Kizziah
Linda Cherry
Mark Morris
Laura Strobel
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary
I Community-Based Punishment Options Study Process
II Contra Costa County Justice System Description
Crime and Resource Trends
Juvenile and Adult Institutional Population Projections
Justice System Programs Survey
III Continuum of Services: Recommendations for Juvenile System
IV Juvenile Profile and Simulation
V Continuum of Services: Recommendations for Adult System
VI Adult Profile and Simulation
Appendices
A) Data Collection and Simulation Instruments
Juvenile Placement Instrument
Indiana Corrections Juvenile Placement Matrix
Contra Costa County Juvenile Profile Coding Sheet
Contra Costa County Youth Survey Mental Health Issues
Contra Costa County Youth Survey Medical Conditions
Adult Placement Instrument
Adult Placement Matrix
Contra Costa County Adult Prisoner Profile Coding Sheet
Community-Based Punishment Options Program Survey
B) Institutional Population Projections
Juvenile Hall Population Projections
Adult Jail System Population Projections
C Contra Costa County Justice System Programs Survey
D) National Survey of Intermediate Sanction Model Programs
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
CONTRA COSTA COUNTY
y COMMUNITY PUNISHMENT OPTIONS PLAN
rThe Contra Costa County Community Punishment Plan could create local correctional options
for 290 prisoners currently housed in state prisons and for 15 youth currently housed at the
California Youth Authority, if financial support from the State were available. The estimated
total cost for the additional facilities and programs needed to accept state prisoners is
$41,430,000 in capital outlays and$10,798,182 in annual operating costs. The estimated total
cost for the additional facilities and programs needed to accept youth at CYA is $7,270,000 in
capital outlays and $462,741 in annual operating costs. Contra Costa County's existingfacilities
and programs are all at or above capacity. The County has no presentability to accept any
1 additional state adult or juvenile offenders, and the County would only to be willing to accept
such prisoners if it were given additional capital, and permanent operational funding, to
manage specified categories of offenders.
The Contra Costa County Plan was developed from: a thorough review of our current resources,
including a survey of 37 local programs; a nationwide search for model programs; and detailed
analysis of the security and public safety risks posed by, along with the treatment needs of,adult
offenders currently housed at CDC facilities, adult offenders in local jails,juveniles currently
housed at CYA, and juvenile offenders currently in the Juvenile Hall and the Orin Allen Youth
i
Rehabilitation Facility.
Major findings
g
1. What punishment/program options were considered by your planning group? The County
considered the full continuum of programs,both pre and post sentence or disposition,for adults
and juveniles. The juvenile plan focuses on the following correctional options: CYA, Juvenile
Hall, a locked mental health treatment unit(the"Summit"program), specialized group homes, a
secure Youthful Offender facility(for males ages 16 to 24), camp/ranch facilities, including a
Contra Costa County California Conservation Corps program,electronic monitoring, intensive
probation supervision, family preservation, community"trackers",day treatment, and home
supervision.
Adult options given the greatest attention included: CDC,County Jail, secure drug treatment and
mental health facilities,the Youthful Offender facility, community residential drug treatment,
electronic monitoring, and day treatment.
2. Does your plan call for using,or expanding the use of community-based programs? Yes,the
plan would expand several existing programs, including community-based residential drug
treatment for adults, electronic monitoring for juveniles and adults,and intensive probation
supervision. Proposed new programs include: day treatment for adults and juveniles, and the
California Conservation Corps program for juveniles.
3. Please identify the categories of offenders targeted for the punishment options. Each program
or local facility would handle a distinct profile of offenders. In general,the following offenders
were excluded: second and third strike prisoners in State facilities; violent offenders in state
facilities; and CYA offenders classified as category 1-4. Violent adult offenders in the County
system would remain in jail or Juvenile hall;. some violent youthful offenders in the County
system would be placed in the Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation facility or Youthful Offender
facilities. The intermediate sanctions included in the Contra Costa plan primarily include the
following types of offenders: chronic substance abusers and property offenders, and offenders
with significant mental health problems. The proposed community based punishment options
t would be equally available to male and female offenders, of all ages.
r 4. Which of these options can be either expanded or newly implemented based upon existing
resources. As indicated in the initial paragraph,none of the options can be expanded or created
without additional funding. All current programs and facilities in the County are full.
5. Specify which options could be established or increased, based upon a specified increase in
resources. The introductory paragraph,above, includes our estimate of the total additional
resources needed for the expansion or addition of the full array of programs. The capital costs are
not prorated between State and County offenders. The operational costs are for State risoners
P tY P P
only who could be returned to the County. Detailed estimates for each program are provided in
Sections III and V of this report.
I. COMMUNITY-BASED PUNISHMENT OPTIONS STUDY PROCESS
Background
The State Budget Act for 1995-96 included an appropriation of$2 million to the Board
of Corrections for grants to counties for the purpose of developing community-based
punishment options plans that would reduce the number of commitments to State prison
and the Department of the Youth Authority. Contra Costa County received funding to
develop a Community-Based Punishment Options Plan under this program.
The Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors designated a planning committee
including Warren Rupf,Sheriff-Coroner,Terrence Starr,County Probation Officer,Gary
Yancey,District Attorney,Charles James,Public Defender, Hon.John Minney, Presiding
Judge,Charles Deutschman,Director,Community Substance Abuse Services Division,
Barry Kalar,Town of Moraga Police Chief,and two public members,Chris Adams and
Orin Allen. Under the direction of the planning committee,the County Administrator's
Office staff conducted the research outlined in the grant proposal to the State Board of
Corrections. The CAO study team met with the planning team as a group and
individually to review research methodology,study findings and to develop
recommendations for the overall plan. A review of the Community-Based Punishment
Options Plan was also completed by the Juvenile Systems Planning Advisory Committee
;i-
(JSPAC),a diverse group of citizens and County staff convened by the Board of
Supervisors to develop,implement,and evaluate a Juvenile Justice System Continuum of
Care model.
Evaluation
The County is committed to evaluating all programs developed as part of a community-
based options plan. For example,a rigorous"experimental design"evaluation of our
intensive juvenile aftercare program is currently being conducted. As part of our on-
going planning we are developing outcome statements for all proposed juvenile programs
and will employ the same evaluation methods and develop outcome statements for
adult programs as well.
Justice System Description Page 1
i
As part of this planning process risk/needs assessment instruments were identified and
administered for both adults and juveniles.We will continue to expand the classification
system identified in this plan to facilitate appropriate placements (see Appendix A).
For our plan,the California Department of Probation, Parole and Correctional
Association conducted a National Survey of Intermediate Sanction Model Programs (see
Appendix D). Additional planning will be accomplished on the program options
identified in this study for juveniles and adults that are not currently in place,including
day treatment,gang intervention and prevention,in custody mental health programs,
and a Youthful Offender facility.
Justice System Description Page 2
II. CONTRA COSTA COUNTY JUSTICE SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Crime and Resource Trends
I
Adult System
Crime trends among adults in Contra Costa County reveal a generally increasing level of
violence. While the adult arrest rate per 100,000 remained fairly even from 1984 to 1993,
the number of adult felony arrests rose from 6,000 to 11,000 per year(see Adult Felony
Arrests and Arrest Rate graph). Arrests for violent offenses increased at a similar rate
from about 1,150 to 2,200 (see Adult Felony Arrests Violent Offenses graph). Felony drug
arrests more than doubled from 1,350 in 1984 to 3,107 in 1993 (see Adult Felony Arrests
Druggraph).Offenses g ph) The number of felony arrests for other offenses tripled from 800 in
1984 to 2,400 in 1993 (see Adult Felony Arrests Other Offenses graph).
Adults sentenced to serve time in Contra Costa County jails are housed at one of three
facilities. The Martinez Detention Facility (MDF) has 635 beds and is rated as a
maximum-security facility. The Marsh Creek Detention Facility (MCDF) with 300 beds
is rated as a minimum-security facility.The newest jail in the County is the 808-bed
West County Detention Facility (WCDF),a medium-security facility. The WCDF is
operated at a capacity of 620 due to lack of staffing funds. After a brief period of ade-
quate capacity with the construction of the West County Detention Facility in 1991,
Contra Costa adult facilities have returned to over-crowded conditions. Dormitory units
have been placed in the receiving area of the Martinez Detention Facility to absorb some
1 overflow. The 1,555-bed County jail system reached an all-time high population of 1,582
inmates in July 1995 and remained at that level during August and September. The
system exceeded capacity throughout the reporting year. The Contra Costa County Jail
Population graph shows population trends for the past 15 years. The Contra Costa
County Sheriffs Custody Services Bureau reported 23,486 bookings in 1995. It appears
that admissions to the detention system have decreased (98 per day in 1990 compared
with 64 per day in 1995). This data and an increasing average daily population
indicates a significant increase (approximately 10 days) has occurred in the average
length of stay per inmate in the County jail system.
At the same time that the number of convicted felons increased in Contra Costa and the
detention facilities filled to overflowing,the capacity of the Probation Department to
Justice System Description Page 3
1
supervise offenders has been decimated. The population of Contra Costa County in-
creased by 66% over the past 30 years. During that period,cases referred to the
Probation Department increased by 108% with the number of cases per deputy
probation officer increasing
p c by 65%. However,due to budget reductions that began in
the late 1980s, total staffing of the Probation Department has been cut by 25% in the
last 10 years (see Probation Staffing Trends graph). This means that while 60% to 70% of
adult convictions result in a sentence of probation, only a fraction of these offenders are
held accountable for the conditions of probation imposed by the Court. The increased
number of defendants choosing to go to trial due to the three strikes law in California is
also demanding more and more Probation Department resources for felony
investigations,pulling staff away from adult supervision. Currently,about two-thirds of
Probation staff resources are devoted to investigations and reports. Less than 5% of
staff resources go to supervising adult probationers. That supervision is reserved almost
entirely for those convicted of assault,stalking,sex offenses,robbery,burglary,drug
offenders and those with long prior records or multiple victims. At any given time,about
2,400 felons are supervised solely by Computer Assisted Probation Services (CAPS).
Although there are an estimated 6,000 misdemeanant probationers in the County, the
Probation Department has not provided supervision of this population since 1992 due
to budget cuts.
All of this is to say that the Contra Costa County Probation Department is already
stretched nearly beyond its capacity.Without a significant infusion of new funding,the
Probation Department could not provide adequate supervision of adult offenders
diverted or released from the County jails into community-based alternatives.
�. juvenile System
The troubling County-wide increases in violent crime can also be traced in arrest and
incarceration statistics for youth. The total number of felony arrests for violence among
juveniles in Contra Costa County increased by nearly 75% from 272 in 1984 to nearly
473 in 1993 (see Juvenile Felony Arrests Violent Offenses graph). Between 1988 and 1992,
there were 422 homicides in Contra Costa County with young adults ages 15 to 24 the
most frequent victims. Eighteen juveniles were arrested for homicide in 1993. The County
Health Department reports that use of alcohol and drugs among youth is high with 53%
drinking alcohol weekly or more often,27% using marijuana weekly or more often,and
11%using other drugs weekly or more often.This increasing level of criminal activity
Justice System Description Page 4
among young people demands resources beyond the capacity of our current system. In
1983, Contra Costa's rate of first commitments to the California Youth Authority was
about 62 per 100,000 youth population, versus a statewide rate of 89 per 100,000. Ten
ears later, the County's rate at 101 per 100 000 had grown higher than the statewide
Y � Y � P � � g g
average of 96 per 100,000. According to calculations by the California Youth Authority
in 1994, the number of County youth in CYA institutions shot up by 113% from 1984 to
1994 with 54 juveniles delivered to CYA in FY 1994-95. Of the 181 Contra Costa
County juvenile court wards housed by CYA in September 1995,92 were convicted of
crimes to the person,65 of crimes to person and property, 19 of drugs and narcotics
charges,and five of weapons charges.
The situation among juveniles is particularly acute in West County where 39% of Contra
Costa juvenile felony arrests in 1993 were made. The Police Department in the West
County City of Richmond estimates that gangs were involved in only 5% of the city's
homicides as recently as 1989. By 1991, the figure had risen to 44%. Roughly 40-50% of
all homicides in West County,according to law enforcement officials,are related to the
County's estimated 57 gangs.
Juveniles from other areas of the County are also engaging in increased criminal activity.
Bay Point and Pittsburgh in the east,and Concord in the central area have more recently
emerged as areas with an increasing youth violence problem.Gang violence is aggravated
by the mobility of offenders.School districts throughout the County report the most
serious problems are threatening or injuring another person,possessing or selling drugs
and alcohol,and possessing guns,knives,explosives or other dangerous objects.Student
suspensions due to causing,attempting or threatening physical injury nearly doubled in
the relatively affluent Mt. Diablo school district from school year 1986-87 to 1991-92.
Suspensions related to weapons more than quadrupled in that time period. This
increasing violence among adolescents is reflected in the profile of youth detained in the
County's Juvenile Hall. A one-day profile in 1993 revealed nine youth on murder
charges. Twenty-one percent had firearms, robbery or assault with a deadly weapon
charges,and 32% had gang affiliations.
Juvenile Hall operates with a current capacity of 160. The Juvenile Hall is the holding
facility for adolescents pending adjudication and/or placement. Based on average daily
population,the number of juveniles at the Juvenile Hall has increased 73% in the past 10
years. This,despite a decrease in the number of 12-17-year-olds in the County from
Justice System Description Page 5
60,680 in 1985 to 59,146 in 1989. Each year,Juvenile Hall receives approximately 2,700
youth ranging in age from 11 to 18. Excluding repeat offenders from the 2,700 total, the
annual unduplicated count of youth per year is 1,900. Nearly 60% of these juveniles
have been incarcerated at least once prior to their current offense. In one recent year,
10% of the youth were incarcerated for murder or attempted murder.The average length
of stay at Juvenile Hall in 1994 was 28.1 days, twice the 14.2-day average in 1990.
Capacity at Juvenile Hall has been exceeded 83% of the time since February 1995. The
most significant reasons for this have been the high number of youth on firearms charges,
the number of youth waiting for placement,and the fact that there are only two
alternatives—home supervision and electronic monitoring—for release of youth
pending a hearing.
Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facilit OAYRF is a minimum security facility used as
y(OAYRF) Y Y
a sentencing alternative for boys post-Juvenile Hall and pre-California Youth Authority.
It is the only County-operated residential correctional program for youth. At one time,
locked treatment programs for boys and girls were operated at Juvenile Hall,but they
were discontinued due to funding cuts in 1989-90. Formerly known as Byron Boy's
Ranch,OAYRF has 74 beds for adjudicated boys with an average current waiting list of
60 youth. More than half of those awaiting commitment are held in Juvenile Halt an
average of one month.The others are typically on home supervision pending placement
at OAYRF. The facility receives approximately 400 boys annually ages 13 to 18. Nearly
20% of them have been previously incarcerated at OAYRF.Juveniles admitted to
OAYRF are committed there by the Juvenile Court to one of three programs: 60 days,six
months or nine months.The average length of stay is about four months. Frequently,ju-
veniles at OAYRF will complete significant portions of their commitment time and
successfully meet their treatment goals and will request early graduation. The only
currently available options for them are home supervision and electronic monitoring
which may not provide the level of supervision necessary for adequate transition back to
the community,and the YOUTHFIRST employment aftercare program,available for
East and West County residents only.
The County Probation Department operates both Juvenile Hall and OAYRF in addition
to its responsibilities for supervising adults and juveniles released into the community.
Hence, supervision of juvenile offenders has suffered the same fate as that of adults.
Although 66% of juvenile misdemeanor and felony arrests in the County receive
i probation dispositions, less than 5% of staff resources can be devoted to juvenile
■
Justice System Description Page 6
j,
that of adults. Although 66% of juvenile misdemeanor.and felony arrests in the
County receive probation dispositions, less than 5% of staff resources can be devoted
to juvenile supervision. Those who are the most amenable to corrective assistance
and guidance get the least assistance from the Probation Department as staff process,
reprocess and incarcerate chronic, repeat and dangerous offenders. The Probation
Department provides home supervision for those released pending hearing, out-of-
home placement, the community services program, and a small electronic
monitoring program for 20 juveniles who would otherwise be in Juvenile Hall. At
any given time, 150 County youth will be in care in unlocked group homes, foster
1 homes or other out-of-home residential programs. About 1,000 juvenile offenders
per year are sentenced to perform supervised community service on weekend work
crews assigned to the regional parks district, school districts and city public works
departments.
County probation officers do not now have the time to monitor post-detention care
or the re-entry of juveniles into their communities. Without additional resources, it
will be impossible to safely and effectively divert or release more juveniles to
community-based alternatives.
Justice System Description Page 7
1
Adult Felony Arrests and Arrest Rate
11 000Adult Felonry Arrests
Arrest Rate per 100,000
10,000
9,000 -
8,000 -
7,000 -
6,000 ,
,0008,0007,0006,000
5,000
i
4,000 -
3,000 -
2,000 -
1,000
,0003,0002,0001,000
0
1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Adult Felony Arrests Violent Offenses
2 400Adult Felonry Arrests
Arrest Rate per 100,000
2,200
2,000 -
1,800 -
1,600 -
1,400 -
1,200
,6001,4001,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Justice System Description
Adult Felony Arrests Drug Offenses
3 300 Adult Felonry Arrests
+Arrest Rate per 100,000
3,000
2,700 -
2,400 -
2,100 -
1,800 -
1,600
,7002,4002,1001,8001,600
1,200
' 900 -
600 -
300 ,
00600300
0 -
1984 1986 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Adult Felony Arrests Other Offenses
—Adult 100000
2,200
Felony Arnests
2,400 Arrest Rate per ,
!'
2,000 -
1,800 -
1,600 -
1,400 -
1,200 -
1,000
,0001,8001,6001,4001,2001,000
800
600 -
400 -
200
00400200
0 -
1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
1 Justice System Description
Contra Costa County Jail Population
1,600 �-Number of Inmates
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
' 600 -
400
200 -
0
Jul-84 Jul-85 Jul-86 Jul-87 Jul-88 Jul-89 Jul'90 Ju;91 Ju;92 Jul-93 Jul-94 Jul-95
Justice System Description
Probation Staffing Trends Adult and Juvenile
500
450
400
350
300
250
200 Adult and Juvenile
1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
Juvenile Felony Arrests Violent Offenses
500 —0—Juvenile Felony Arrests
450 ^&—Arrest Rate per 10,000
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Justice System Description
County Juvenile and Adult Institutional Population Projections
Juvenile and adult institutional population projections were produced for Contra
Costa County.through the year 2010. These forecasts are based on a data sample of
the average daily population in the County's Juvenile Hall and the adult detention
system, collected for the period 1985 -1995. Separate projections were produced by
use of two different methodologies: population ratio, and trend line methods. The
use of two methodologies provides a range of potential scenarios. Charts 1 and 2
summarize the results of the two different methodologies through the year 2010 for
Juvenile Hall and the adult detention system. (Detailed projections are included in
Appendix B-1.)
Th preliminary a h nil
The p e ry baseline projection is that by the year 2005 the Juvenile Han
population will rise by 34 to 38 percent (falling somewhere between the Trend Line
projection and the Population Ratio projection) over the 1995 ADP (163), which will
result in an institutional population of 225 to 260 youth in the year 2005. The
projections do not consider keeping youth currently sent to CYA in the County
system.
Justice System Description Page 8
r
Chart 1: Contra Costa County: Juvenile Hall Projections:
Comparison of Trend Line and Population Ratio Methods-
Year 2000,2005,and 2010
300
Pop alation Ratio Method
250
200
Trend L ne Method
150
x
100
50
0
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
'r
The preliminary baseline projection for the adult jail system is that by the year 2005
the adult jail system population will rise by 34 to 50 percent (falling somewhere
between the Trend Line and Population Ratio projection) over the 1995 ADP 0511),
which will result in an institutional population of 2,025 to 2,521 adults in the year
2005. These projections do not consider keeping adults currently sent to the
California Department of Corrections in the County adult system.
r
r
1
1
Justice System Description Page 9
Chart 1: Contra Costa County: Adult Jail System Projections:
1 Comparison of ADP Trend Line and Population Ratio
Methods-1996-2010
3000
2500 Population R itio Method
o
2000
Trend Line
Actual ADP
>, 1500
W-
X.:
tz
10"00
>
500
0
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Year
C. Justice System Programs Survey
Methodology
A range of community-based and County-operated alternatives serving adults and
juveniles were surveyed. Data was collected on current available services, program
costs, program capacities, ability to expand, and eligibility requirements. The
following is a summary of those programs, separated into those serving adults and
those serving youth. (See Appendix A-9 for survey form.) Individual program
description information for all programs surveyed can be found in Appendix C.
Justice System Description Page 10
Summary of Findings
Many community-based programs in Contra Costa County that might be appropriate
as punishment options are already serving as many offender clients as they are
1 willing or able. The reasons for this inability to serve additional clients are important
and instructive in planning for expanded community-based options. One of the
most frequently cited reasons was already having as many offenders in their
programs as they can adequately handle due to the increased difficulty of working
with this population. Although offenders do come into most programs through
their existing referral and service delivery systems, they are unwilling to establish
new systems that would increase the number. Some programs have served
offenders — especially juveniles — in the past, but funding cuts have eliminated
those services. By now, they are no longer set up to meet the needs of this
population. Another agency devotes its resources to serving the residents of its local
community and does not solicit clients from other systems. Yet another one simply
' has no physical ability to expand beyond its currently maximized capacity. One large
mental health program declined to provide information for this planning project for
fear it could be interpreted as actually considering serving serious offenders in its
programs. Through assertive community relations programs, this agency assures
residents near its facilities that criminals are not being housed in their
neighborhoods by the organization. The director of this agency is extremely cautious
about appearing to "talk out of both sides of our mouth" when it comes to planning
for new services.
There are, however, important community-based programs that are willing and
eager to expand their involvement with the adult/juvenile justice systems as
punishment options.
juvenile Systems
Many alternatives in Contra Costa County that serve as juvenile punishment
options operate at capacity but would be able to expand their services if given
funding for additional staff, operating expenses, and in some cases space.
The ability of Juvenile Probation programs to take additional referrals varies. The
possibility for expansion in juvenile placement is great; virtually unlimited in group
justice System Description Page 11
r '
homes, and a significant number of beds available in foster homes (over 40% of
foster home beds were vacant at the time of the survey). Juvenile supervision is in
r'
■ need of more staff in order to adequately supervise its current number of clients
■ (1700).
The Home Supervision Program and Juvenile Placement Diversion could both
accept additional referrals (Home Supervision: 5 on the day surveyed; Juvenile
r Placement Diversion: 20 on the day surveyed). Electronic Monitoring and
' Community Service Work Program would both need additional staff and equipment
to accommodate any new referrals. The West Contra County Youth Services Bureau
juvenile aftercare program could currently accept 17 additional referrals. The
aftercare program provides transition services, case management, and vocational
guidance to youth who are returning to the community from County institutions.
Youthbuild, a program that provides academic and vocational services to young
adults who are at-risk, will receive funding through the OJJDP federal SafeFutures
grant received by Contra Costa County that will enable it to accept an additional 15
juvenile justice referrals. The Independent Living Skills Program of the Social
Services Department offers courses and workshops to teach life skills to youth to
prepare them for college, employment, and adulthood, and currently serves
approximately 50 youth. Total program capacity is 60. The program services youth
in foster care who are between the ages of 16 and 19. ILS is not equipped to service
youth who have severe mental disabilities or severe behavioral problems. ILS
would be willing to accept non-violent criminal justice referrals, though significant
expansion would require two to three additional full-time staff. The Family
Preservation Program is currently functioning at capacity, and is not able to accept
additional referrals.
' Four local juvenile diversion programs in Contra Costa County were studied, all but
one of which stated that they are currently unable to accept additional referrals. The
Gateway Program in Richmond is currently functioning at capacity of 300 to 400
referrals per year, but is willing to accept additional referrals if funding were made
available for hiring additional staff. The Pleasant Hill Juvenile Diversion Program
has an enrollment maximum of 32 clients and is currently serving this number.
This program could not accept additional criminal justice referrals without hiring
additional staff. The Concord Juvenile Diversion Program has a maximum capacity
of 18 and currently has 19 clients enrolled in the program. It would not be possible
1 Justice System Description Page 12
services beyond their current capacity, Phoenix would need additional facility space,
staff, and operating expenses, in addition to changes in procedures and liaisoning
with the justice system.
' All substance abuse programs servicing adults in Contra Costa County are
functioning at capacity and unable to accept additional clients. The majority of these
programs (REACH-Adult, Ujima Family Recovery Services, Sunrise House, Diablo
Valley Ranch, the Frederic Ozanam Center, County Criminal Justice Treatment
Program, and DEUCE) reported needs for expansion in staff and facility space to
enable them to increase their program capacities. Additional capital and operating
funding at the required level could result in up to 188 more adult alcohol and drug
' residential community-based treatment beds. In order to increase the capacity of the
DEUCE program, restructuring would need to occur to allow for DEUCE to offer out-
of-custody services to adults in the community (DEUCE currently serves inmates in
two County jails).
Justice System Description Page 15
Table 1: Contra Contra County Adult and Juvenile Justice System Programs
JUVENILE PROGRAMS
Requirements for expansion
Current Max Totals Accept # Slots Staff/ Veh/ Space Cost/
Programs Surveyed # Clients # Clients 1995 clients? available operating equipmt Client (1)
' expenses
Juvenile Probation Supervision 1700 765(2) 1700 yes 0 yes yes yes $447
Juvenile Placement:
Foster Care 28 50 324 yes 22 --- --- -- $1,351/mo
Group Homes 107 -- 1,356 yes -- --- --- N $3,831/mo
Out of County Ranches 4 6 60 yes 2 $1,850/mo
Juvenile Placement Diversion 80 100 300 yes 20 yes — — $1,300
Home Supervision 53 58 571 yes 5 yes — — $438
Electronic Monitoring 12 20 37 yes 0 yes yes — $625
Juvenile Community Service 67 67 984 yes 0 yes yes $264
WCC Youth Services Bureau (YouthFirst) 38 55 216 yes 17 yes --- yes $1,760
Independent Living Skills 50 60/mo n/a yes 10 yes = _ $2,012
Family Preservation 13.5 13.5 200 no 0 $5,000
Youthbuild 29 30 35 yes 15(3) — — — $6,900
Gateway Program 300-400 300-4.00 300-400 yes 0 yes = — n/a
Pleasant Hill Diversion 32 32 167 yes 0 yes $45-50
Concord Diversion 19 18 350(4) no $50
Brentwood Diversion 80 87 350 yes 7 yes — — $431
Sherman House Reunification 5 6 31 yes 1 yes = yes $11,290
La Cheim School/Day Treatment 120 148 156 yes 28 $46,103/yr
La Cheim/Residential Tx/School 18 18 n/a yes 0 yes — yes $85,256/yr
Oak Grove Residential Tx 8 8 98 no 0 $9,165
Oak Grove Day Tx 24 24 140 no 0 $36,530
REACH Project-Youth 392 400 1,883 yes 8 yes yes $150
YouthFirst 35 50 35(5) yes 15 yes --- yes $547
New Connections 25 25 70 yes 0 yes — yes $1,088
Alcohol & Drug Abuse Council 25 25-30 210 yes 0 yes yes yes $100
San Ramon Valley Discovery Center 8 8 n/a no yes yes n/a
ACE (Adolescent Counseling Ed.) 18-20 10-12 n/a yes 0 yes -- yes n/a
' NOTES:
(1)Cost per client is calculated using cost per day x average length of stay in the program or total program budget divided by
number of clients served. Some costs are per month or per year if average length of stay was unavailable. All cost data is from
1995. Detailed cost information for each program can be found in Appendix C.
(2) Based on a caseload maximum of 65 per Deputy Probation Officer.
(3)Fifteen slots will be available through SafeFutures grant in September 1996.
' (4)This includes youths attending COPS classes in addition to the work detail.
(5) This program started in October 1995 and will serve 50 clients within the 10 month grant period.
Justice System Description
Table 1: Continued
' ADULT PROGRAMS
Requirements for expansion
Current Max Totals Accept #Slots Staff/ Veh/ Space Cost/
Programs Surveyed # Clients # Clients 1995 clients? available operating equipmt Client (1)
expenses
Adult Probation 4,313 3,111 4,100 yes 0 yes yes — $338
Work Alternative Program 1,500 2,500 3,601 yes 1,000 $336
County Parole 47 50-55 161 yes 0 yes yes $336
Electronic Home Detention 103 110 397 yes 7 yes yes — $336
' Many Hands, Inc. 35 35 52 yes 0 yes yes — $11,000
Phoenix Supportive Housing/Day Tx 40 53 21 yes 13 yes yes yes $15,000
REACH Project-Adult 73 75 492 yes 0 yes — yes $150
Ujima Family Recovery Services 46 49 362 yes 0 yes _- — $9,000
Sunrise House 35 36 250 yes 0 yes yes $6,863
Diablo Valley Ranch 70 70 300 yes 0 yes yes yes $3,800
Ozanam House 25 25 100 yes 0 yes — yes $3,800
Community Substance Abuse: —
Criminal Justice Tx 1360 1360 2600 yes 0 yes — $714
Discovery House 24 24 124 yes 0 yes yes $16,425
.DEUCE Program 165 200 904 yes 0 — — — $165
Justice System Description
III. CONTINUUM OF SERVICES: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR JUVENILE SYSTEM
Introduction
The studies completed as part of this planning grant update the resources needed to implement the
' Juvenile Justice Continuum of Care model adopted by the Board of Supervisors in 1995 and in
addition research the impact of keeping some youthful offenders previously sent to CYA in County
' programs and facilities. This report addresses circumstances in 1996 and outlines the array of
facilities, programs and services that should, ideally,be available for Contra Costa youth"in the
' system"at this time in both County and State facilities. Prior studies completed for planning the
Continuum of Care services only looked at County youth. A key difference in this plan is that it
includes CYA offenders who generally have more serious needs.The Continuum model includes a
full system of graduated sanctions and treatment interventions,ranging from early intervention and
' prevention programs to locked treatment facilities for adjudicated minors.
' In 1995,the County was one of six sites nationwide to receive the Office of Juvenile Justice and
Delinquency Prevention SafeFutures grant which provides funding to implement some of the
Continuum programs, including community and school-based gang prevention, Countywide
mentoring programs, community centers providing after school and evening activities for youth,and,
' enhanced in custody mental health services.
Recommendations
This planning study identified a range of juvenile services that, if funded, could provide appropriate
County facilities for some types of offenders currently sentenced to the California Youth Authority.
The following section describes the array of programs necessary to achieve the reconfiguration of
juvenile services that would be necessary and the costs for them to be implemented. Without capital
and operational funding to develop the recommended programs, no CYA offenders could be placed
in current County facilities. If the following local facilities had been available,Contra Costa County
' could have"retained" 18 percent of CYA commitments and parole violators in 1995 (or 15 youth).
' Contra Costa County Juvenile Continuum of Services Page 1
• Develop a Youthful Offender Facility. This is a 100 bed secure facility for commitments
between the ages of 16-24. Simulation results indicate that 13 youth currently in CYA could be
placed in a Youthful Offender Facility operated by the County.No such facility currently exists.
A 100 bed facility would meet the existing need identified in the planning study. In addition to
the CYA youth,there are 38 youth currently in County juvenile facilities(and 11 young adults
currently incarcerated in California Department of Corrections facilities and 34 adults from the
' County jails)who would be appropriate for the program. The total cost to construct this facility
is$7.2 million. (This assumes no additional site acquisition cost.)The facility could be
' constructed on existing land adjacent to the Orin Allen Youth Facility or the West County
Detention Facility. There are already difficulties inherent in adding beds to existing facilities. If
' the County had to purchase a site costs and problems increase dramatically. This is a year long
commitment program that would cost an estimated$25,835 per client.
• Expand secure mental health unit. Two youth currently in CYA facilities could be housed in a
County secure mental health facility(named the Summit Unit). The County will open a 20 bed
unit in the existing Juvenile Hall in September 1996.However, data supported by the simulation
tstudy completed for this grant indicates that the need for the program exceeds the 20 planned
beds; twenty-seven youth currently in County juvenile facilities are appropriate for the Summit
Unit. Without additional operating funds to expand the program no additional CYA cases could
be accepted. This is a six month program with the cost per youth estimated at$28,443 including
' aftercare. If the other recommendations were in place,facility space in Juvenile Hall could be
available but would require renovation to be certified as a mental health unit at a cost of$70,000.
If a second unit is opened both boys and girls could be served.
To achieve the full reconfiguration of services recommended in this report the following programs
need to be expanded or developed. If in place, significant numbers of County youth would be
' removed from maximum security facilities and housed in more appropriate secure treatment facilities
or community alternatives.
' • Juvenile Hall. The 160 bed Juvenile Hall now operates at or above capacity(on the day of
' profile study there were 173 youth in Juvenile Hall). Frequently,up to one-third of the Juvenile
Hall beds are filled by youth awaiting transfer to another County facility. If beds were
' reconfigured to the recommendations made in this report, Juvenile Hall beds,which are twice as
' Contra Costa County Juvenile Continuum of Services Page 2
expensive as less secure facilities,would house primarily pre-adjudicated youth deemed(by a
risk assessment scale)to be a threat to themselves or the community or a high risk failure to
appear in court and youth in the Summit Unit(locked mental health). Other youth would be held
in the Juvenile Hall temporarily, awaiting transfer to CYA or to another jurisdiction. The
Juvenile Systems Planning Advisory Committee is currently researching financing options for
constructing a new Juvenile Hall at an estimated cost of$50 million for 340 beds(including a 40
bed minimum security transition center).1 The simulation study contained in this report
identified 100 youth in custody in Contra Costa who would be in the Juvenile Hall (including 27
beds for youth in the Summit unit) if the proposed recommendations were in place. Even if the
recommendations in this report were implemented no Juvenile Hall space would become
available. Population projects for the Juvenile Hall contained in this report show a need for
between 225 to 260 Juvenile Hall beds by the year 2005. The cost per youth is $3,960 with an
average length of stay of 28 days.
• Expand the Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facility. The OAYRF is a 76 bed minimum
security commitment program which currently operates at capacity. The simulation study
contained in this report identified 86 youth currently in custody in Contra Costa who would be in
the OAYRF if the proposed recommendations were in place. A 26 bed expansion is required to
meet the existing needs for County youth.The cost to expand the facility is $1.4 million.
Adequate space is available on the existing site. The cost per youth is $11,254 with an average
length of stay of 159 days.
• Develop Contra Costa Youth Corps Camp. A 30 bed residential facility,being developed by the
County in conjunction with the California Conservation Corps, is a key component of the
Continuum of Care that currently does not exist. This program would divert many early
offenders from further involvement in the justice system. Most of these youth would not have
been in custody on the day of our profile due to the lack of current facility space. (Two youth
were recommended for the Youth Corps Camp in the simulation exercise.) The California
' Conservation Corps is in the process of identifying a site. Program components have been
defined. The cost to construct this facility is estimated for new construction at$3.5 million. (This
1 ' It is important to note that the California Youth Authority published a Statewide Needs Assessment for County
Juvenile Detention Facilities(1990) and identified the County's Juvenile Hall as one of seven in the State
"being in such poor,unhealthy,or unsafe conditions as to warrant their being replaced rather than repaired."
Contra Costa County Juvenile Continuum of Services Page 3
does not include any site acquisition fee.)If a site is located with existing buildings capital costs
for renovation are estimated at$500,000. The cost per youth for the six month program is
$23,000.
�; • Sherman House Expansion. Four additional beds are needed for a total of 10 to house post-
adjudicated youth awaiting placement(or placement change) in an unlocked setting. Levels of
supervision and the intensity of intervention/treatment can vary. Prior profile studies have
identified a need for a 40 bed facility. Renovation of an existing building on the Juvenile Hall
site was estimated at a cost of$1.4 million. However,the profile study completed for this grant
greatly reduced the number of youth appropriate for transition center services. These youth
could be housed in Sherman House, a structured group home,while they awaited permanent
placement. The capital cost to add four beds to the existing facility is $100,000. The cost per
youth for transition services is $3,720 with an average length of stay of 30 days.
• Expand existing community alternatives. A range of community alternative programs including
family preservation, day treatment,electronic monitoring, home supervision, intensive
supervision,and community trackers need to be developed or expanded to ensure that sufficient
services are available for youth who do no require secure detention. Seventeen(17) youth in
custody were identified in the simulation study as being appropriate for one of these programs or
a combination. The County currently operates electronic monitoring, home supervision, family
preservation, and a mental health day treatment program but all function at capacity and need
additional funding to serve more criminal justice clients. Family preservation costs $5,000 per
youth/family. Per client cost for electronic monitoring, home supervision, intensive supervision,
and community trackers, is an estimated $16 per day,or$500 per client for an average 25 day
program. Intensive supervision and day treatment for other Probation youth does not exist.
Model day treatment programs were surveyed as part of this report and the County is receiving
technical assistance to develop a day treatment program as part of the OJJDP SafeFutures grant.
Per client cost for da treatment is estimated at$45.00 per day, or$8,213 for a six month
Y P Y
program.
In conclusion,the County has developed a proposed array of services that if fully implemented could
house some offenders now committed to CYA facilities. For this plan to be implemented,the
estimated total project cost is $7.2 million in capital funding for a 100 bed Youthful Offender facility
Contra Costa County Juvenile Continuum of Services Page 4
and $70,000 to expand the Summit unit. If funding was provided, 13-15 beds at the Youthful
Offender facility and two beds in the Summit unit would be dedicated to youth currently in CYA
facilities. Eligibility for these programs would be based on a risk/needs assessment. Additional
operating costs, ranging from $25,835 for the Youthful Offender facility to $28,443 for the Summit
unit would also be required per average length of stay.
For remaining implementation of the Continuum of Care recommendations to reconfigure the
juvenile system an additional $55 million,to replace Juvenile Hall, expand the OAYRF, construct a
Youth Corps Camp facility, and expand Sherman House, is required in construction costs.
Operating expenses for these programs range from $3,720 for transition services, $3,960 for the
Juvenile Hall,$11,250 for the OAYRF, and $23,000 for the Youth Corps per youth per average stay.
Table 1 summarizes the estimated cost of the required components for the County to"retain"CYA
offenders and Table 2 summarizes the estimated cost to develop Continuum of Care components.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Continuum of Services Page 5
Table 1: Required Components to"Retain"CYA Youth
Estimated Estimated Program length Net New$
Num of Num of Operating Cost Capital Cost Required
Component County Youth CYA Youth Per Youth to Develop From the State
YouthfulOffender2 83 13 $25,835/yr $7,200,000 $7,200,000
$335,855/yr
Summit Unit 27 2 $28,443/6 mo $70,000 $70,000
$126,886/yr
' Total 110 15 $7,270,000 $7,732,741
r�
Table 2:Continuum of Care Components Needing Development/Expansion
Estimated Estimated Program length Net New$
Num of Num of Operating Cost Capital Cost Required
Component County Youth CYA Youth Per Youth to Develop From the State
Juvenile Hall 73 0 $3,960/28 days 50,000,000 0.0
c.
OAYRF 83 0 $11,254/159 da 1,400,000 0.0
Sherman House 5 0 $3,720/30 da 100,000 0.0
Youth Corps Camp 30 0 $23,000/6 mo 3,500,000 0.0
Family Preservation 2 0 $5,000/per fam 0 0.0
Day Treatment 2 0 $8,213/45 da 0 0.0
Electronic Monitoring; 13 0 $500/25 da 27,500 0.0
Home Sup.;Com.Tracker;
Intensive Supervision
Total 208 0 55,027,500 0.0
Includes 11 adults from CDC facilities,34 adults from adult County facilities,and 38 juveniles from County
juvenile facilities. Funding for Probation deputies to supervise CYA youth upon completion of the Youthful
Offender or Summit program is not included here.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Continuum of Services Page 6
case files for the total sample of youth and provided survey information on medical and mental health
issues. (See Appendices A-4 and A-5 for Medical/Mental Health Youth Survey forms.)
Profile Overview
Data on youth in the profile highlights the need for a continuum of care system. The profile captured
a range of youth with varying levels of delinquency and program needs and at different stages in the
justice system. The sample included first time,non violent offenders who were pre adjudicated in
Juvenile Hall as well as chronic and violent offenders who were serving parole violations in a CYA
facility. The profile also highlighted the fact that without a full continuum of care system,youth are
often placed in the available service instead of the most appropriate one.
Contra Costa youth are generally sophisticated, repeat offenders who require a range of
interventions,most of which currently are not in place. The level of community supervision provided
by Probation is limited due to recent staff reductions and huge Probation caseloads that result in
youth being placed on"service on demand"status after a short period. The only County operated
placement option(OAYRF)operates at maximum capacity,and youth serve a significant portion of
their sentence in Juvenile Hall,awaiting transfer to OAYRF.
Ninety-one percent of the youth in the profile have violent or serious offense as their current charge.
Person,weapons, or sex offenses accounted for 38 percent of the total sample; 24 percent have
property offenses; 16 percent drug offenses; and, 23 percent have miscellaneous offenses(including
violations of Probation).Over fifty percent of the sample are 17 years of age or older. Drug use and
serious school problems are common characteristics found in all types of youth(72 percent of the
total sample have a history of drug or alcohol use and 86 percent have serious school problems i.e.,
dropout,poor attendance, expulsion, suspension). The profile sample has the following ethnic
representation: 53 percent African American; 27 percent White; 15 percent Hispanic; five percent
Asian.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 8
Simulation Methodology
A placement simulation was conducted on 115 of.the youth in the profile sample. The purpose of the
study was to determine the"ideal" in-custody or community-based placement for each youth on the day
of the sample. (For the CYA sample,the placements were made based on the status of the youth on
December 31, 1995.)
A modified version of the Colorado Security Placement Instrument and the Indiana Juvenile Corrections
Placement Matrix, recommended by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention in the
Guide for Implementing the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile
Offenders,were used to place youth in the appropriate level of supervision. (See Appendices A-1 and
A-2 for Juvenile Placement Instrument and Placement Matrix.) The instruments were modified to
eliminate scoring of data that was not collected in our sample(mental health out-patient care)and
substitute specific questions addressed in our questionnaire(substance abuse, education issues,mental
health history).
The purpose of the study was to determine the number of eligible youth for various housing security
classifications and community treatment programs. Placement decisions were based upon the ideally
most appropriate placement,not on the basis of what facility and program placements currently
exist in Contra Costa County. In all CYA cases(parolees and commitments), if the commitment
offense involved the use of a gun the youth was not deemed appropriate for an alternative County
placement.
The juvenile placement instrument was completed on each youth based upon information gathered in the
profile study. Recommendations were also made regarding the need and type of associated services
necessary while in community placement or a secure County facility. If the youth was placed in CYA no
associated service recommendations were made.
The simulation exercise recommendations placed youth in the appropriate level of supervision.
These recommendations were then grouped into the following six types of placements:
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 9
' Type 1: California Youth Authority
Type 2: Juvenile Hall
Type 3: Summit Mental Health Unit; Specialized Group Home: Psychiatric Secure Facility
The Summit program will be a secure mental health program housed in one of the Juvenile
Hall units(20 beds)that will be for emotionally disturbed, serious delinquents including
those diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and sex offenders. The expected length
of stay will be six months and will include an aftercare component. Activities at the locked
treatment unit will include both therapeutic work with mental health staff and on-going
education,provided through the County Office of Education. The program is grant funded in
part by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and in part by the State of
California. The Summit program will begin operating in September 1996.
Type 4: Youthful Offender Facility
This proposed secure facility is for offenders between the ages of 16-24. The Youthful
Offender facility is modeled on a similar program in San Diego and will provide a highly
structured,year-long commitment program. Offenders under eighteen will be provided with
education and employment training/work experience. Program activities for those 18 to 24
will focus on long-term vocational training and employability. Substance abuse counseling
and gang prevention will be integrated into the program.
Type 5: Ranch Facility(Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facility); Youth Corps Camp; Transition
Center
The Contra Costa CountyYouth Corps Camp is a joint project with the California
Conservation Corps to develop a 30 bed residential program for first time,non-violent
offenders. This will be a six month program combining traditional classroom education with
work experience such as park and trail maintenance. The program will have a strong
aftercare component as well.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 10
Table 1: Total Sample:
Risk Level
Offense
Severity High Medium Low Total Percent
Violent 14 33 0 47 40.8%
Serious 20 12 26 58 50.4%
Less Serious 0 3 7 10 8.6%
Minor 0 0 0 0 0%
Total 115 100%
Table 2 : CYA Sample:
Risk Level
Offense
Severity High Medium Low Total Percent
Violent 7 6 0 13 43.4%
Serious 13 3 1 17 56.6%
Less Serious 0 0 0 0 0%
Minor 0 0 0 0 0%
Total 30 100%
Table 3 : County Sample(Juvenile Hall and Orin Allen):
Risk Level
Offense
Severity High Medium Low Total Percent
Violent 7 27 0 34 40.0%
Serious 7 9 25 41 48.2%
Less Serious 0 3 7 10 11.8%
Minor 0 0 0 0 0.00%
Total 85 100%
For eighty-eight percent(101 youth)a secure facility was the recommended placement. As used in
this report, secure facilities include a range of minimum to maximum level facilities(CYA, Juvenile
Hall, Summit unit,Youthful Offender facility,or a Ranch facility). The remaining 12 percent were
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 12
recommended for a range of alternative community-based program options and levels of supervision:
a Youth Corps Camp(modeled on the California Conservation Corps); a transition center for youth
awaiting placement; electronic monitoring which is often combined with another type of
intervention;day treatment; family preservation; home supervision; and,community trackers(a less
expensive program that augments Probation field supervision).
Table 4 : Recommended Placements Total Sample
Recommended Placement Girls Boys Total Percent
OAYRF 0 27 27 23.5%
Youthful Offender 0 25 25 21.7%
Juvenile Hall 6 15 21 18.3%
CYA 0 14 14 12.2%
Summit Unit 3 6 9 7.8%
Summit/Spec Group Home 2 1 3 2.6%
Electronic Monitoring 1 1 2 1.7%
Intensive Supervision 1 1 2 1.7%
Ranch(Girls) 2 0 2 1.7%
Transition Center 1 1 2 1.7%
Community Trackers 0 1 1 0.9%
Day Treatment 1 0 1 0.9%
Elect Mont/Day Treatment 1 0 1 0.9%
Elect Mont/Family Pres 1 0 1 0.9%
Family Preservation 1 0 1 0.9%
Home Supervision 1 0 1 0.9%
Psychiatric Secure Fac 1 0 1 0.9%
Youth Corps 0 1 1 0.9%
Total 22 93 115 100.0%
Placement Recommendations by Current Location
The following tables are separated by sample location: Juvenile Hall,Orin Allen Youth
Rehabilitation Facility(OAYRF), and CYA cases.Results are also sorted by gender and court status.
' Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 13
I .
Ideal Placements for Youth Currently in Juvenile Hall
The Juvenile Hall sample had fifty-five youth(21 girls and 34 boys). Fifty three percent(29 youth)
were commitments(includes youth awaiting transfer to another facility)and 47 percent (26 youth)
were pre-adjudicated(see Table 5: Juvenile Hall Placements by Commitments/Non Commitments
and Table 6: Juvenile Hall Placements by Gender).
Nearly eighty percent(43 youth)of the total Juvenile Hall sample are recommended for a range of
secure facilities. 4 Nearly 40 percent(21 youth)would remain in Juvenile Hall, all but one of whom
was pre-adjudicated. Sixteen percent(9 youth)are recommended for placement in the Orin Allen
Youth Rehabilitation Facility. Most of these cases already have commitment orders for the OAYRF
and are awaiting transfer. For the past year,due to overcrowding at the OAYRF and a lack of other
resources,between 50-70 youth are housed at Juvenile Hall,awaiting an opening. There is no County
operated Ranch facility for girls. Girls are placed in the Sierra Youth Center in Sonoma County or
the Muriel Wright program in Santa Clara. Two girls,both serving commitments in Juvenile Hall,
were recommended for placement in a ranch facility.
Nearly 15 percent of the youth from the Juvenile Hall sample were recommended for placement in
the Summit facility. 5 Slightly over seven percent(4 youth)were recommended for a Youthful
Offender facility. This program currently does not exist in the County, however,nearly 22 percent
(25 youth)from the total sample(CYA,Juvenile Hall, Orin Allen)could be committed to a Youthful
Offender program.
The remaining 18 percent of the Juvenile Hall sample are recommended for an alternative to a secure
institution. Six youth(11%)were pre adjudicated cases that could have been released on varying
levels of supervision: one youth(1.8%)on home supervision; one youth (1.8%)on intensive
supervision; and four youth(7.3%)on electronic monitoring. In two cases, electronic monitoring is
used in conjunction with another service i.e.,family preservation or day treatment.Family
a Three youth are recommended for the Summit Mental Health Unit or a specialized group home.These youth
are included in the 43 youth recommended for secure placement.
s One youth had severe mental health issues but was being placed by Social Services in a secure psychiatric
facility.This youth is not included in the number recommended for the Summit program.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 14
preservation is recommended in two cases(3.6%)and day treatment in two cases(3.6%).6
Placement in a residential transition center for low risk youth awaiting an out-of-home placement is
recommended in two cases(3.6%).
Table 5 : Juvenile Hall Placements by Commitments/Non Commitments
Recommended Non
Placement Commitment Commitment Total Percent
Juvenile Hall 1 20 21 38.2%
OAYRF 9 0 9 16.4%
Ventura Unit 5 0 5 9.1%
Youthful Offender 4 0 4 7.3%
Ventura/Spec Group Home 3 0 3 5.5%
Transition Center 2 0 2 3.6%
Ranch(Girls) 2 0 2 3.6%
Electronic Montoring 0 2 2 3.6%
Psychiatric Secure Fac 1 0 1 1.8%
Intensive Supervision 0 1 1 1.8%
Home Supervision 0 1 1 1.8%
Family Preservation 1 0 1 1.8%
Elect Mont/Family Pres 0 1 1 1.8%
Elect Mont/Day Treatment 0 1 1 1.8%
Day Treatment 1 0 1 1.8%
Total: 29 26 55 100.0%
6 Includes cases were family preservation and day treatment were recommended in conjunction with other
services.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 15
Table 6 : Juvenile Hall Sample: Simulation Placements by Gender
Recommended
Placement Girls Boys Total Percent
Juvenile Hall 6 15 21 38.2%
Ranch(Boys) 0 9 9 16.4%
Summit Unit 2 3 5 9.1%
Youthful Offender Facility 0 4 4 7.3%
Summit/Spec Group Home 2 1 3 5.5%
Electronic Montoring 1 1 2 3.6%
Ranch(Girls) 2 0 2 3.6%
Transition Center 1 1 2 3.6%
Day Treatment 1 0 1 1.8%
Elect Mont/Day Treatment 1 0 1 1.8%
Elect Mont/Family Pres 1 0 1 1.8%
Family Preservation 1 0 1 1.8%
Home Supervision 1 0 1 1.8%
Intensive Supervision 1 0 1 1.8%
Psychiatric Secure Fac 1 0 1 1.8
Total 21 34 55 100.0%
Ideal Placements for Youth Currently in Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facility
1 Nine percent of the youth in the OAYRF were recommended for a secure facility see Table 7:
Ninety P Y h'(
OAYRF Recommended Placements). OAYRF is the only option currently available for juvenile
offenders committed to a County facility and it serves a range of youth with varying ages,
therapeutic needs, and criminal sophistication. First time property offenders are now mixed with 17
and 18 year old chronic drug offenders,who may have already been through the program one or
more times, and,with youth who have serious mental health issues. Seventeen youth(56.7%)are
recommended to remain at the OAYRF. However, simulation placements resulted in over 33 percent
(10 youth)being placed more appropriately in other separate secure facilities. Nearly twenty-seven
percent(8 youth)are recommended for the Youthful Offender facility and 6.7%(2 youth)for the
Summit program. One youth(3.3%)is recommended for a non-secure residential placement in the
Youth Corps Camp. Two youth are recommended for a non-residential program; one youth for
intensive supervision, and one youth for community trackers.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 16
Table 7 : Orin Allen Sample: Recommended Placement
Recommended Placement Total Percent
OAYRF 17 56.7%
Youthful Offender Facility 8 26.7%
Summit Unit 2 6.7%
Youth Corps 1 3.3%
Intensive Supervision 1 3.3%
Community Trackers 1 3.3%
Total 30 100.0%
Ideal Placements for Youth Currently in CYA
The CYA sample of thirty youth included 18 commitment cases and 12 parole violators. As noted
earlier, no CYA youth who have been classified as a category 1-4 are included in this study. Even
after excluding the category 1-4 youth,there are twenty-nine boys and one girl.None of the youth in
the CYA simulation sample are recommended for a community-based alternative; all would remain
in either a CYA facility or a County secure facility.
Nearly 47 percent(14 youth)are recommended for continued placement in CYA. These are serious
or violent offenders for which the County has no appropriate placement(see Table 8: CYA Sample
Simulation Placements by Gender). Fifty-three percent(16 youth)are recommended for a secure
County facility.
Only 25 percent(3 youth )of the parole violators are recommended for an alternative facility; 72
percent of the category 5-7 commitments are placed in a County operated secure facility(see Table 9
: CYA Sample Recommended Placements by Commitment and VOP). For the total CYA sample,
over 43 percent(13 youth)are recommended for placement in a County Youthful Offender facility;
ten of these youth are commitments to CYA and three are parole violators. For the parole violators,
the severity of their commitment offense is considered in the placement decision. If their
commitment offense is a sex offense or involved the use of a gun in a robbery or shooting,they
remained in a CYA facility. The CYA youth who are placed in the Youthful Offender facility have
similar profiles to the other youth placed in the facility from the OAYRF sample. Almost seven
percent(2 youth)of the CYA cases need a mental health treatment facility and are recommended for
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 17
' the County operated Summit program, including the one girl. One youth was placed in the
OAYRF.7
Table 8: CYA Sample: Simulation Placements by Gender
Recommended
Placement Girls Boys Total Percent
CYA 0 14 14 46.7%
Youthful Offender Facility 0 13 13 43.3%
Summit Unit 1 1 2 6.7%
OAYRF 0 1 1 3.3%
Total 1 29 30 100.0%
Table 9 : CYA Sample: Recommended Placements by Adjudication Status
Recommended Placement Commitment Viol of Parole Total Percent
CYA 5 9 14 46.7%
Youthful Offender Facility 10 3 13 43.3%
Summit Unit 2 0 2 6.7%
OAYRF 1 0 1 3.3%
Total: 18 12 30 100%
1
Profile of Youth Placed in Simulation
The profile stud provides a detailed description f h "placed"p o e y p p o o the youth who are paced in each of the
program placement types. Types 1 through 5 are a range of secure facilities covering both minimum
and maximum_levels of security. Type 6 are community supervision programs. The section on each
type of placement includes a description of the"typical"characteristics of youth in that placement
and a brief discussion on what types of additional or associated services are also recommended.8
Thisouth was committed to CYA in 1995 but the CYA order had been recalled and on the da of our
Y Y
simulation exercise(December 31,1995)he was in the Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facility on a nine
month commitment.
s Youth frequently had multiple associated service recommendations. For this report only the two main
associated services are listed. Associated mental health services for youth not in the Summit Unit are usually
counseling for conduct disorders. If medication is required youth remained in a locked facility.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 18
For more specific information on each placement category refer to the following profile tables at the
end of this section.
Table 1: Type of Placement by Offense Severity
Table 2 : Type of Placement by Current Offense
Table 3 : Type of Placement by Age
Table 4 : Type of Placement by Total Prior Felonies
Table 5 : Type of Placement by Prior Violent Felonies
Table 6 : Type of Placement by Total Prior Misdemeanors
Table 7 : Type of Placement by Prior Out-of-Home Placements
Table 8 : Type of Placement by Prior Commitments to Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facility
Table 9 : Type of Placement by History of Drug or Alcohol Use
Table 10 : Type of Placement by Mental Health History
Table 11 : Type of Placement by School Problems
Table 12 : Type of Placement by Key Associated Services
Type 1: California Youth Authority
The youth recommended for the California Youth Authority have lengthy criminal records that
frequently include escapes from secure facilities, institutional violence, felony sex offenses,or use of
a gun in a gang related shooting. One youth had 33 prior sustained charges. These youth are
considered not eligible for a County placement. This group had an established history of violence
both in and out of institutions,with many prior felony convictions and at least one violent felony
conviction. The vast majority had prior commitments to the OAYRF. Most were 18 years of age or
older. One youth was a father.
Type 2: Juvenile Hall
All but one of the youth recommended for the Juvenile Hall is pre-adjudicated. These are repeat,
serious offenders who now require secure detention on new charges because of a prior history of
program failures and probation violations. Almost half have a person offense as their current charge.
Severe drug and alcohol problems is a characteristic common in nearly every case, and additionally
about one third have significant mental health conditions that may eventually result in a commitment
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 19
to the Summit Unit(a locked mental health unit at Juvenile Hall). If committed on their current
charges the vast majority would be appropriately placed in a range of secure facilities;the Youthful
Offender program, Summit Unit, or in a few cases, CYA. The vast majority(71%)have no prior
felony convictions. Two of these cases were teenage parents.
Associated substance abuse services are recommended in nearly 80 percent of the cases and in half
of those cases, substance abuse services and a second associated service are recommended including
sex abuse and mental health treatment, and gang prevention .
Type 3: Summit Unit; Specialized Group Home; Psychiatric Secure Facility
Youth recommended for a mental health treatment program (Summit Unit)all have documented
mental health conditions: seven youth are on psychiatric medication or suicidal; one is a sex
offender; one is dual diagnosis; one has a history of depression and suicide attempts; one has a
severe conduct disorder; and one requires immediate mental health counseling for trauma. Many are
the victims of physical and sexual abuse. This group is generally younger(between 13 and 16 years
old)than youth in the OAYRF or the Youthful Offender facility. None of these youth have prior
commitments to the OAYRF but have already been placed and failed in several other out-of-home
settings. Due to prior runaways, a secure facility is the only option for nine of the twelve youth.
Heavy substance abuse was a major problem for this type of offender. Associated substance abuse
services were recommended in nearly 70 percent of the cases.
Type 4: Youthful Offender Facility
Individuals placed in the proposed Youthful Offender facility are,for the most part,offenders with
long criminal histories, but without a record of prior violent convictions. Generally,they have
serious problems with drug addiction and have either dropped out or been expelled from school.
These youth have been living a"street lifestyle", are heavily involved with gangs,and frequently
have a history of selling drugs. They have numerous prior commitments to the OAYRF and have a
pattern of returning to a delinquent lifestyle shortly after being released from a County facility. One-
fourth of these cases need mental health counseling. No youth with current weapons convictions are
included in this group.Three of the youth are fathers.This group does not have a record of
institutional violence. In contrast to youth placed in OAYRF,the vast majority of those in the
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 20
Youthful Offender facility are 18 years of age or older, have longer criminal records and
importantly, they have had several prior OAYRF commitments which have had little or no impact
on their criminal activity. These offenders are older and have failed in traditional school settings and
now require a program with a strong vocational training component. Substance abuse,mental health,
and gang prevention services are recommended as needed associated services for youth in the
program.
Type 5: Ranch Facility(Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facility); Youth Corps Camp;
Transition Center
Youth recommended for a ranch facility,Youth Corps,or transition center can have a felony current
offense but, for the most part,have no prior felony convictions. These youth commit a range of
different offenses including selling drugs, stealing cars,committing robberies,or carrying weapons.
They share the common characteristics of failure in school,consistent drug and alcohol use and gang
association. This group is younger then those placed in the Youthful Offender program. Almost half
of the youth placed in the OAYRF are 15 or 16.years old. These youth have had prior Probation
terms,numerous misdemeanor convictions for property offenses but generally have received little
consequence up to this point.In contrast to the Youthful Offender cases, 90 percent have no prior
OAYRF commitment.A key distinction for these youth is that the current offense is an escalation-
the most serious offense in their criminal history.
Seventy percent are recommended for associated substance abuse services. Additional associated
services included mental health services, gang prevention, family preservation, emancipation
services,and sex offender counseling. One youth is a father. Moreover,these youth need an
intensive aftercare component upon completion of their commitment to connect them to school and
positive activities in the community.9
9 Youth in the OAYRF returning to West and East Contra Costa County currently receive aftercare services
through the YouthFirst program.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 21
Type 6: Electronic Monitoring; Intensive Supervision; Family Preservation; Community
Trackers; Day Treatment; Home Supervision.
Youth recommended for an out of custody program are non-violent, less serious offenders. However,
they have significant problems that require intensive intervention while in the community.
Frequently,youth in this group have dropped out or been expelled from school. Over half have a
history of drug or alcohol use. The vast majority are 16 years of age or younger.
Those that are currently on Probation continue to commit Probation violations(truancy, runaway).
Without community interventions, many in this group will continue to be detached from positive
community services, including school, and delinquency may escalate. A structured day treatment
program,possibly in conjunction with electronic monitoring or community trackers, is an
appropriate placement for many of these youth. Thirty percent are recommended for associated
substance abuse services and thirty percent for gang prevention while in the community. One youth
is recommended for an emancipation program.
I
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 22
Juvenile Profile Tables10
Table 1 : Type of Placement by Offense Severity
Offense Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Severity
Violent 50% 57% 31% 28% 53% 0% 41%
' Serious 50% 33% 62% 72% 47% 30% 50%
Less Serious 0% 10% 8% 0% 0% 70% 9%
Minor 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
Table 2 :Type of Placement b Offense
YP Y Type
Category Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Persons 29% 43% 23% 24% 34% 10% 30%
Property 7% 5% 15% 44% 28% 40% 24%
Misc 21% 33% 46% 4% 16% 40% 23%
Drug/Alcohol 36% 5% 0% 28% 13% 10% 16%
Weapon 7% 10% 8% 0% 9% 0% 6%
Sex Offense 0% 5% 8% 0% 0% 0% 2%
Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
i
Type 1=CYA
Type 2=Juvenile Hall
Type 3=Summit Unit;Specialized Group Home;Psychiatric Secure Facility
Type 4=Youthful Offender Facility
Type 5=Ranch Program(Boys and Girls);Transition Center;Youth Corps Camp
Type 6=Electronic Monitoring;Intensive Supervision;Family Preservation;Community Trackers;Day Treatment;Home
Supervision
' 10"NA"in the tables indicates where no information was available in the Probation case files.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 23
Table 3 : Type of Placement by Age
Age Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
13 0% 0% 8% 0% 3% 0% 2%
14 0% 5% 15% 0% 0% 30% 5%
15 0% 24% 38% 0% 16% 10% 14%
16 14% 19% 23% 4% 31% 30% 20%
17 7% 29% 15% 28% 38% 30% 27%
18+ 79% 24% 0% 68% 13% 0% 32%
Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
Table 4 : Type of Placement by Total Prior Felonies
Total Prior Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Felonies
' 0 21% 71% 77% 24% 66% 80% 55%
1 7% 10% 15% 16% 25% 20% 17%
2 7% 14% 0% 32% 6% 0% 12%
3 7% 0% 0% 12% 3% 0% 4%
1 4 14% 5% 8% 4% 0% 0% 4%
5 14% 0% 0% 4% 0% 0% 3%
6 14% 0% 0% 4% 0% 0% 3%
7 7% 0% 0% 4% 0% 0% 2%
' 9 7% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1%
Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
Type 1=CYA
Type 2=Juvenile Hall
Type 3=Summit Unit;Specialized Group Home;Psychiatric Secure Facility
Type 4=Youthful Offender Facility
Type 5=Ranch Program(Boys and Girls);Transition Center;Youth Corps Camp
Type 6=Electronic Monitoring;Intensive Supervision;Family Preservation;Community Trackers; Day Treatment;Home
Supervision
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 24
Table 5 : Type of Placement by Prior Violent Felonies
Prior Violent Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Felonies
' 0 29% 95% 92% 68% 100% 100% 83%
1 43% 0% 8% 24% 0% 0% 11%
2 14% 5% 0% 4% 0% 0% 3%
3 0% 0% 0% 4% 0% 0% 1%
4 14% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2%
Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
i
Table 6 :Type of Placement by Total Prior Misdemeanors
Prior Type I Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Misd
' 0 7% 38% 31% 20% 34% 40% 29%
1-3 43% 52% 54% 60% 59% 60% 56%
4-7 36% 10% 15% 16% 6% 0% 13%
8+ 14% 0% 0% 4% 0% 0% 3%
' Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
Type 1=CYA
Type 2=Juvenile Hall
Type 3=Summit Unit;Specialized Group Home;Psychiatric Secure Facility
Type 4=Youthful Offender Facility
Type 5=Ranch Program(Boys and Girls);Transition Center;Youth Corps Camp
Type 6=Electronic Monitoring;Intensive Supervision;Family Preservation;Community Trackers; Day Treatment;Home
Supervision
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 25
Table 7 : Type of Placement by Prior Out of Home Placement
Prior Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Placements
' 0 64% 57% 15% 60% 88% 100% 66%
1 7% 29% 23% 32% 6% 0% 17%
2 21% 10% 23% 0% 3% 0% 8%
3 0% 0% 15% 4% 0% 0% 3%
4 0% 0% 8% 0% 3% 0% 2%
5 0% 5% 15% 4% 0% 0% 3%
8 7% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1%
Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
i
Table 8 : Type of Placement by Prior Stays in Orin Allen
Prior Stays in Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Orin Allen
0 21% 76% 100% 20% 88% 100% 65%
1 36% 19% 0% 40% 9% 0% 19%
2 21% 5% 0% 32% 3% 0% 11%
3 21% 0% 0% 8% 0% 0% 4%
Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
Type I=CYA
Type 2=Juvenile Hall
Type 3=Summit Unit;Specialized Group Home;Psychiatric Secure Facility
Type 4=Youthful Offender Facility
Type 5=Ranch Program(Boys and Girls);Transition Center;Youth Corps Camp
Type 6=Electronic Monitoring;Intensive Supervision;Family Preservation;Community Trackers;Day Treatment;Home
Supervision
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 26
' Table 9 : Type of Placement b Histo of Drug/Alcohol Alcohol Use
YP Y History �
History of
Drug/Alcohol
Use Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
' Yes 43% 90% 77% 76% 75% 50% 72%
No 29% 0% 23% 12% 19% 40% 17%
NA 29% 10% 0% 12% 6% 10% 10%
Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
Table 10 :Type of Placement b Mental Health History
rY
' Mental
Health Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Yes 7% 43% 100% 16% 13% 10% 28%
' No 93% 57% 0% 84% 88% 90% 72%
Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
Table 11 : Type of Placement b School Problems"
Y
' School
Problems Type 1 Type 2 -Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Dropout 29% 19% 31% 48% 28% 20% 30%
Attendance 21% 29% 0% 8% 41% 20% 23%
Expulsion 29% 19% 23% 16% 6% 30% 17%
Suspension 7% 19% 23% 20% 9% 20% 16%
None 7% 5% 0% 4% 13% 0% 6%
NA 7% 10% 15% 0% 3% 10% 6%
Violence 0% 0% 8% 4% 0% 0% 2%
Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
Type I=CYA
Type 2=Juvenile Hall
Type 3=Summit Unit;Specialized Group Home;Psychiatric Secure Facility
Type 4=Youthful Offender Facility
' Type 5=Ranch Program(Boys and Girls);Transition Center;Youth Corps Camp
Type 6=Electronic Monitoring;Intensive Supervision;Family Preservation;Community Trackers;Day Treatment;Home
Supervision
" For the school problems data only the most serious problem is counted. In most cases,youth had multiple
' school problems including suspensions and poor attandance.
' Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 27
Table 12 : Type of Placement and Key Associated Services
Associated
Services Type 1" Type 2 Type 3" Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Substance Abuse,Sex Abuse 5% 8% 0% 0% 0% 2%
Substance Abuse,Mentoring 0% 0% 0% 0% 10% 1%
Substance Abuse,Mental Health 19% 31% 20% 16% 10% 17%
Substance Abuse,Gang Prevention 5% 0% 8% 6% 0% 4%
Substance Abuse,Family Preservation 0% 0% 0% 3% 0% 1%
Substance Abuse,Emancipation prg 0% 0% 0% 3% 0% 1%
' Substance Abuse 43% 38% 40% 41% 10% 33%
Special Education 0% 0% 8% 0% 0% 2%
I Sex Offender 0% 8% 0% 3% 0% 2%
Parenting Skills 5% 0% 4% 0% 0% 2%
None 5% 8% 16% 28% 40% 29%
Mental Health Services 14% 0% 0% 0% 0% 3%
Medication 0% 8% 0% 0% 0% 1%
' Gang Prevention,Emancipation 0% 0% 0% 0% 10% 1%
Program
Gang Prevention 5% 0% 4% 0% 20% 3%
Total Number: 14 21 13 25 32 10 115
Type 1=CYA
' Type 2=Juvenile Hall
Type 3=Summit Unit;Specialized Group Home;Psychiatric Secure Facility
Type 4=Youthful Offender Facility
' Type 5=Ranch Program(Boys and Girls);Transition Center;Youth Corps Camp
Type 6=Electronic Monitoring;Intensive Supervision;Family Preservation;Community Trackers;Day Treatment;Home
Supervision
The simulation exercise did not include making associated service recommendations for youth placed in
CYA.
"All youth in the Summit Unit receive mental health services as the primary service.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Simulation and Profile Page 28
' V. CONTINUUM OF SERVICES: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ADULT SYSTEM
Recommendations
' For the County to house any adults currently in California Department of Corrections facilities,
funding would be needed for the County to upgrade current jail facilities, provide for substantial
' in custody substance abuse and mental health services, and expand the existing community-
based resources, including residential drug treatment.
All County adult jails and community-based residential programs currently operate at capacity
' and could not accept additional CDC inmates without the new funding.Based on research
completed for this grant, if all the recommendations in this plan were implemented, 290 adults
currently in CDC facilities could be housed in County facilities.
The estimated total cost for the additional facilities and programs needed to accept State
prisoners is $41,484,200 in capital outlays/equipment and $10,674,182 in annual operating
costs.14 If this funding was provided the following number of program slots would be available
for State offenders; 172 beds in a County secure treatment facility; 64 beds in a County secure
1 mental health facility; 11 beds in a Youthful Offender facility, 11 beds in County jail; and, 32
beds in community-based residential programs. Eligibility for these programs would be based
on a risk/needs assessment.
The following programs would be required under this plan:
iCounty Secure Facilities
• Develop a County Secure Drug Treatment Facility. A County locked facility for adults with
a history of substance abuse problems would be an appropriate option for an estimated 172
adults currently in CDC facilities.An additional 346 County inmates could also be housed in
this type of facility. Capital costs to upgrade the Marsh Creek Detention Facility,necessary
14 The capital cost($7.2 million)for the Youthful Offender facility is also included in the Juvenile
Continuum recommendations and not included here.
Contra Costa County Adult Continuum of Services Page 29
for the facility to function as a secure drug treatment facility, are estimated at$37 million.It
may also be possible to locate this type of facility at the West County Detention Center.
' Boot Camp principles would be integrated into the operation of this program. The cost per
client, including in custody substance abuse services, is estimated at$27,000 for a one year
in custody program. An additional$150,000 is necessary to purchase the property between
the Marsh Creek Detention Facility and Diablo Valley Ranch, a community-based drug
treatment program.
' The concept is to create a treatment environment involving the Marsh Creek Detention
Facility and the Diablo Valley Ranch,as well as other community providers. A range of
substance abuse services would be available to adults as they move from a secure facility to
the community. A strong aftercare component to the treatment to be provided at Marsh
Creek is also essential. The County currently receives funding to provide aftercare substance
abuse services to adults on State and Federal parole. This existing network could also be
expanded to include adults leaving County detention facilities.
A less costly option might be a regional in custody secure drug treatment facility, possibly at
a prior military base. Contra Costa would consider participating in such a facility.
• Develop a County Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility. A County locked facility for
' adults with severe mental health conditions(and substance abuse issues)would be the
appropriate option for 64 adults currently in CDC facilities. If all the recommendations listed
' in this section were in place,existing County jail beds would be available for this program.
An additional 43 County inmates would also be housed in this program. Housing in the jail
' would need to be upgraded to house 107 mental health inmates at a capital cost of$_. The
cost per adult in this facility including mental health services is estimated at$65,800 per
year.
' • Develop Youthful Offender Program. A minimum security facility for youth and adults ages
16-24 would be an appropriate option for estimated 11 adults currently in CDC facilities.
This program currently does not exist. The cost of a 100 bed facility to accommodate the
projected number of CDC inmates,plus 34 adults now in County jail,and 51 juveniles
currently in County juvenile facilities and CYA is$4 million. This assumes that the facility
Contra Costa County Adult Continuum of Services Page 30
could be built on existing land available at the Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facility or at
the West County Detention Facility. There are already difficulties inherent in adding beds to
existing facilities. If the County had to purchase a site costs and problems increase
dramatically. The Youthful Offender program will cost an estimated$25,835 per client for a
one year program.
Community-based Alternatives
' • Expand Residential Drug Treatment programs. Community-based residential drug treatment
programs currently operate at capacity(155 beds). A 188 bed expansion would allow for an
estimated 32 adults currently in CDC facilities to be placed in this type of program. The
remaining beds are required for the 156 adults currently in County jail who could be
removed to a community-based residential program if space existed. Legislatively mandated
jail and prison time for drug and DUI may impact the number of adults who could go to
residential treatment. The capital cost to add 188 residential treatment beds(153 at Diablo
Valley Ranch,25 at Discovery House,and 10 at Ozanam)on County owned land is an
' estimated $4.3 million. The operating cost per adult is $19,000 per year. The three
programs identified for expansion serve this population effectively. In addition,this plan
does not use all social model residential treatment beds in the County for criminal justice
clients, allowing access to residential programs to other County residents.
• Community-based Supervision Options. An array of community-based supervision options
are recommended for some County adults currently in locked facilities. No CDC adults were
recommended for this type of option. Program options include: electronic monitoring, day
etreatment and intensive supervision. An estimated 50 new program slots are necessary in all
these programs. Electronic monitoring is$336 per client plus$2,500 per client for
' equipment. Per client cost for day treatment is estimated at$45.00 per day,or$4,050 for a
90 day length of stay.
Contra Costa County Adult Continuum of Services Page 31
Table 1: Summary of Adult Programs and Costs
Estimated Estimated Program length CapitallEquipl Net New$
Num of Num of Operating Cost Cost Required
Component* County Adults CDC Adults Per Adult to Develop from State
' County Secure Facilities
County Drug Treatment Fac. 346 172 $27,000/yr $37,000,000 $37,000,000
' $4,644,000/yr
County Secure Mental Health Fac. 43 64 $65,000/yr $4,160,000/yr
' Youthful Offender Facility's 85 11 $25,835/yr (7,200,000) $284,185/yr
' County Jail16 797 11 $ 68,175/3 yr $0.0 $749,925/3 yr
Community-based Alternatives
' Residential Drug Treatment 156 32 $19,000/yr $4,300,000 $4,300,000
$608,000/yr
Electronic Monitoring" 52 0 $336/2 mo-1 yr $130,000 $130,000
$17,472/yr
1 Day Treatment's 52 0 $4,050/90 da $0.00 $210,600/yr
' Probation Supervision18 (208) (32) $124,000/yr
Total 1,511 290 $41,430,000 $52,228,182
*All Components Required to"Retain"CDC prisoners
15 The capital cost($7.2 million)for the Youthful Offender facility is also included in the Juvenile
Continuum recommendations and not included here. Total of 85 includes 13 from CYA facilities,34
adults from County Jail,and 38 juveniles from County juvenile facilities.
16 In the simulation study,nearly two percent of the CDC sample were placed in County jail. This type of
prisoner is a parolee with a new term serving a three year sentence. The total cost to the State is the
amount to house this type of inmate in the West County Detention Facility for three years.
New electronic monitoring costs would include a per person electronic bracelet cost of$2,500.
's Program length for adult day treatment is estimated at three months.
' 19 Two additional Probation staff would be required to supervise adults placed in residential drug treatment
and day treatment. The cost for two additional Probation staff that would be required the following year to
supervise CDC offenders who had completed secure programs and those entering community-based
treatment is not included here. Maximum caseload per Probation Officer for adults calculated at 120.
Contra Costa County Adult Continuum of Services Page 32
1
' VI. ADULT PROFILE AND SIMULATION
As with the juvenile system,a two step process was followed: first,offender profiles were
completed;then,the offenders profiled were"placed"according to a simulation exercise.
Profile Methodology-County Facilities
' Information was collected on a sample of adults in the three Contra Costa County detention
facilities. A total of 172 adults(men and women)were included in the sample which was drawn
from offenders in custody on March 14, 1996. Study participants included a random sample from
each facility; Martinez (70), West County(62)and Marsh Creek(40). The sample included
tpresentenced prisoners,those committed to county jail, and those awaiting transfer to CDC or
other state correctional facility.
Of the 172 randomly selected adults, 56 were excluded from the sample for failing to meet the
' initial screening criteria. Commitment cases were excluded if the current offense was murder,
attempted murder, felony sex offense,arson, or kidnapping. Pre-sentenced cases were excluded
' if any of the following applied: 1)current offense was murder,attempted murder, felony sex
offense, arson or kidnapping; 2)the case had a current felony hold, or State parole hold;and 3)
' the adult had been in the facility for less than 48 hours or was released on the day of the survey
date. For all cases, data collection concluded if during the criminal history search,the person had
' a felony conviction for murder, attempted murder, sex offense or arson within the last five years.
These individuals were excluded because they would not be eligible for county alternative
placements.
Data was obtained from the following source documents: Probation reports, related case reports
from the court documents, Department of Justice rap sheets, and Jail Management System
' history of inmate printouts. Classification and Custody Alternative Bureau staff within the
Sheriffs Department and Probation staff assisted in the collection and interpretation of files and
1 provided data on custody alternative programs, institutional violence and gang history. Mental
health and medical staff reviewed case files for each adult and provided summary information
on medical and mental health issues. (See Appendix A-8 for Adult Profile Coding Sheet.)
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 33
Profile Methodology-CDC Prisoners
Information was collected on a sample of adults who were committed to California Department
of Corrections facilities in the calendar year 1995. CDC provided the list of names which
included new commitments, parole violators returned to custody, and parole violators with a new
term.A sample of 52 adults was selected from the total CDC population of 887 committed in
1995. Three hundred twenty-seven(37%)offenders were excluded prior to selecting the sample,
for three reasons: one hundred twenty-one(14%)offenders had current offenses defined as
violent felonies under Penal Code Section 667.5,thirteen offenders(1%) listed on the report had
"3 strikes,"and one hundred ninety-three(22%)offenders listed had"2 strikes."The rationale
for excluding the 2 and 3 strikers was that the offender could not be released to a County facility,
due to the three strikes legislation mandating State prison sentences for repeat offenders.
Placement Simulation Methodology-County Sample
A placement simulation was conducted for the adults who were in the Contra Costa County
detention facilities on March 14, 1996. One hundred sixteen(116)adults were included in the
sample. The purpose of the study was to determine the number of eligible adults for various
housing security classifications and community treatment programs and to determine the"ideal"
in-custody or community-based alternative program for each adult on the day of the sample.
Placement decisions were based on the ideally most appropriate placement,not on the basis
of what facility and program placements currently exist for Contra Costa County inmates.
With some modifications,versions of the Colorado Security Placement Instrument and the
Indiana Juvenile Corrections Placement Matrix,recommended by the Office of Juvenile Justice
and Delinquency Prevention in the Guide for Implementing the Comprehensive Strategy for
Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders,were used to place adults in the appropriate
level of supervision (see Appendix A-5 and A-6 for Adult Placement Instrument and Placement
Matrix).Levels of offense severity were high,medium and low, and the risk levels were divided
into four categories; violent, serious, less serious and minor. The instruments were modified to
eliminate scoring of data that was not collected in our study(living status of adults)and
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 34
substitute specific questions addressed in our questionnaires(prior FTA, AWOL, program
failures, or institutional violence).
The adult placement instrument was completed based on information gathered in the profile
study. When reviewing the criminal history, only the last five years' convictions were used as
indicators of risk to the community. However,all prior jail and prison terms,violations of
1 probation/parole and failures to appear were counted for determining placement options.
_ Recommendations were also made regarding the need and type of associated services necessary
while in community placement or a secure County facility.No recommendations for associated
services were made for offenders in the State system.
Placement Simulation Methodology-CDC Sample
A52 committed to the
sample lacement simulation was also conducted on adults in the
P P ( )
California Department of Corrections in 1995. Placement was made based on the status of the
adults on December 31, 1995. The same instrument used for the County adult sample was used
for placement of the CDC sample into the most appropriate level of supervision. County
alternative placement was not recommended if the adult's criminal history was one of the
following: if the adult was scored as a"high violent," had a violent past and institutional
violence,or if the sentence was greater than three years.
The same criteria used for the County sample were applied to the CDC sample when reviewing
the criminal history. The purpose of the study was to determine the number of adults from the
CDC facilities who would be eligible for various County detention facilities and community
treatment programs.
Profile Overview
Adults in the profile provide a sample of cases which highlight the need for a full array of
intermediate sanctions. The profile captured a range of adults with varying levels of criminal
behavior and program needs and at different stages in the justice system. The profile also
highlighted the fact that without a full continuum of sanctions,adults, like juveniles, are often
placed in an available,but not optimally suited, service instead of the most appropriate one.
' Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 35
Contra Costa County adult prisoners are sophisticated, repeat offenders who require a range of
interventions, most of which are currently not in place. The level of community supervision
provided by Probation is limited due to recent staff reductions and huge caseloads where adults
are placed on"banked"caseloads after a short period of time.
Ninety-one percent of the adults in the profile had a violent or serious offense as their current
' charge. Drug and alcohol offenses accounted for 42 percent of the total sample; 28 percent had
property offenses; 23 percent had person or weapon offenses; and seven percent had other
miscellaneous offenses(includes violations of Parole and Probation). Eighty-three percent of the
sample is 25 years of age or older and no one in the sample is older than 62. Drug and alcohol
use are common characteristics found in all types of adults(89%of the total sample had a
history of drug or alcohol use). The profile sample had the following ethnic representation: 49
percent African American; 38 percent White; 12 percent Hispanic; one percent Asian American;
and two percent Other.
i
1
i
i
1
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 36
' Simulation Study Results
The simulation exercise recommendations in the prior section"placed"adults in appropriate
levels of supervision. These recommendations are grouped into the following six types of
placements:
Type 1: County Jail, CDC, and those Awaiting Transfer to Other State Facilities(Astascadero)
Type 2: County Secure Drug Treatment Facility
Type 3: County Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility
Type 4: Youthful Offender Facility
Type 5: Community Residential Drug Treatment Facility
Type 6: Electronic Monitoring; Day Treatment
The majority of adults in Contra Costa County detention facilities and adults committed to CDC
have significant criminal backgrounds. All of these adults were of a high or medium risk level
and most required a secure facility.A review of the criminal history of each adult indicates that
prior supervision or interventions had little or no effect on future criminal behavior of this
population.
As noted,91 percent of the total sample(CDC and County sample combined)were violent or
serious offenders(see Table 1: Total sample:).Violent offenders were those with a current
offense such as robbery; serious offenders were non-violent offenders but with current offenses
such as possession for sale of narcotics. In the CDC sample,violent and serious offenders were
100%of the sample(see Table 2: CDC Sample:). In the County sample, 86%were violent or
serious, 13%were less serious,and 9%were minor offenders such as those driving on a
suspended license(see Table 3: County Sample:).
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 37
' Table 1: Total Sample:
Risk Level
Offense High Medium Low Total Percent
Severity
Violent 31 9 0 40 23.8%
Serious 45 44 23 112 66.7%
Less Serious 0 7 8 15 8.9%
Minor 0 0 1 1 0.6%
Total 168 100.0%
Table 2: CDC Sample:
Risk Level
Offense High Medium Low Total Percent
Severity
Violent 10 0 0 10 19.2%
Serious 30 10 2 42 80.8%
Less Serious 0 0 0 0 0.0%
Minor 0 0 0 0 0.0%
Total: 52 100.0%
Table 3: County Sample:
Risk Level
Offense High Medium Low Total Percent
Severity
Violent 21 9 0 30 25.9%
Serious 15 34 21 70 60.3%
Less Serious 0 7 8 15 12.9%
Minor 0 0 1 1 0.9%
Total: 116 100.0%
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 38
After cases were screened from the sample,the remaining 168 adults(116 County, 52 State)
were recommended for placement in either a secure facility or an out-of-custody community
based program. For 81 percent of these(135 adults), a secure facility was the recommended
placement(CDC, County jail,Drug Treatment facility, Mental Health Treatment facility,
Youthful Offender facility,or Atascadero). The remaining 19 percent were recommended for a
range of alternative community-based program options and levels of supervision: electronic
monitoring;day treatment; day treatment with intensive supervision; and day treatment with
electronic monitoring.
Table 4: Recommended Placements: Total Sample: County and CDC
Female Male Total Percent
County Jail Cases Excluded 5 51 56 25.0%
Recommended Placement
County Jail* 4 32 36 16.1%
County Secure Drug Treatment Facility 5 50 55 24.6%
CDC* 1 25 26 11.6%
Community Residential Drug Treatment Facility* 3 18 21 9.4%
County Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility 2 9 11 4.9%
Electronic Monitoring* 3 3 6 2.7%
County Youthful Offender Facility 0 5 5 2.2%
' Day Treatment20 2 5 7 3.1%
Awaiting Transfer to Atascadero* 0 1 1 0.4%
Total Recommended Placements: 20 148 168 75.0%
Total: 25 199 224 100.0%
* Existing programs within the County/State.
i
1
20 Day Treatment is often used in association with other services,i.e.,EMP,Intensive Supervision.
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 39
' Simulation Placements by Current Location
The following tables and descriptions are separated into two samples: County jail and CDC
cases. For this exercise,each adult in the two samples was placed in the appropriate placement
and level of supervision based on the simulation methodology. Placement results are also
presented by gender and court status. For recommendations that currently do not exist, brief
program descriptions are provided.
County Sample
Recommended placements of prisoners currently in County facilities are summarized in Tables 5
and 6. Eighty-three percent(142 adults)of the total sample were recommended for a range of
' secure facilities. Fifty-three percent would remain in County jail, 71 of the total were pre-
sentenced(includes the 56 remaining in County jail for failing initial screening criteria).
Twenty-three percent(40)were recommended for a County Secure Drug Treatment facility,
which currently does not exist in Contra Costa County. The model for this program would be a
highly structured, intensive one year substance abuse treatment program. (It would include a
DUI component because ten of the adults suffered from alcoholism.)The program would be
basedon the continuum of care model with an aftercare program component.
Two percent (4 adults) of the total sample were recommended for a Youthful Offender facility.
This program currently does not exist in the County and is described in more detail in the
Juvenile Simulation results section of this report. The facility, like the secure drug treatment
programs, would provide a highly structured,year-long minimum commitment. The focus of the
1 program would be long-term training and employability for the 16 to 24 year old age group.
Substance abuse counseling and gang prevention would be integrated into the program.
' Twosam ercent(3 adults)of the total le were recommended for a Secure Mental Health
P P
Treatment facility with substance abuse services, and one percent(2 adults)who had mental
health problems without any record of substance abuse was also recommended for a Secure
Mental Health Treatment facility which currently does not exist in the County. These were all
commitment cases. The expected length of stay will be one year with an aftercare component.
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 40
Activities at the locked treatment unit will include therapeutic interventions with mental health
and substance abuse staff. The program would be modeled after the Juvenile Hall Summit
Mental Health unit,which is described in more detail in the Juvenile section of this report, but
tailored to the specific needs of adults.
Ten percent(18 adults)were recommended for Community Residential Drug Treatment facilities
iwhich currently exist in Contra Costa County. There are a total of five community-based
residential drug treatment programs taking criminal justice clients. These facilities have a current
wait list. However,with additional resources these programs are willing to expand and accept
additional referrals.
The remaining seven percent(12 adults)were recommended for an alternative to a secure
' institution or residential treatment. Half of the cases were commitments who could be released
on varying levels of supervision including three adults(2%)on day treatment with intensive
supervision;2 adults(1%)on day treatment; and one adult(1%)on a day treatment program
with electronic monitoring. Six of the adults(3%)were pre-sentenced and could be released on
electronic monitoring.
' Table 5: Recommended Placements: County Sample
Female Male Total Percent
County Jail Cases Excluded 5 51 56 32.6%
Recommended Placement
County Jail* 4 31 35 20.3%
County Secure Drug Treatment Facility 2 38 40 23.3%
Community Residential Drug Treatment Facility* 3 15 18 10.5%
Electronic Monitoring* 3 3 6 3.5%
County Youthful Offender Facility 0 4 4 2.3%
' County Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility 0 5 5 2.9%
Day Treatment 2 4 6 3.5%
Awaiting Transfer to CDC* 0 1 1 0.6%
Awaiting Transfer to Astascadero* 0 1 1 0.6%
Total Recommended Placements: 14 102 116 67.4%
Total: 19 153 172 100.0%
*Existing programs within Contra Costa County/State.
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 41
i
i
Table 6: Simulation Recommendations: County Sample/Adjudication Status
Commitment Presentence Total Percent
County Jail Cases Excluded 13 43 56 32.6%
' Recommended Placement
County Jail* 7 28 35 20.3%
County Secure Drug Treatment Facility 40 0 40 23.3%
Community Residential Drug Treatment Facility* 18 0 18 10.5%
Electronic Monitoring* 0 6 6 3.5%
County Youthful Offender Facility 4 0 4 2.3%
County Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility 5 0 5 2.9%
Day Treatment 6 0 6 3.5%
Awaiting Transfer to CDC* 1 0 1 0.6%
Awaiting Transfer to Astascadero* 1 0 1 0.6%
Total Recommended Placements: 82 34 116 67.4%
Total: 95 77 172 100.0%
* Existing programs within Contra Costa County/State.
CDC Sample
Tables 7 and 8 show placements of offenders now at CDC. The CDC sample of 52 adults
' included 12 commitment cases, six parole violators, five parole violators with a new term, and
one case pending review. There were six women and 46 men in the sample. Three adult
commitment cases(5%) were recommended for a community based alternative(Residential
Drug Treatment facility), with the remaining 49 commitments and parole violators in either CDC
' or a County secure facility.
Forty-eight percent(25 adults)were recommended for continued placement in CDC. These were
violent or serious offenders for which the County has no appropriate placement(see Table 7
Recommended Placements: CDC Sample). Fifty-two percent(27 adults)were recommended for
a secure County facility.
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 42
i
Forty-two percent(10 adults)of the parole violators were recommended for an alternative
facility; 56 percent of the commitment cases were placed in a County operated secure facility
(see Table 8: Simulation Recommendations: CDC Sample Adjudication Status). For the total
CDC sample,over 28 percent were recommended for placement in a County Secure Drug
' Treatment facility; seven of these were commitments to CDC,and eight were parole violators.
Over 11 percent of the adults in this sample were recommended for a County Secure Mental
iHealth Treatment facility; four of which were commitments and two were parole violators.
The remaining three percent of the cases;one commitment and two parole violators were equally
recommended for County secure facilities. The commitment case was recommended for a Model
DUI program which would be contained within the secure drug treatment facility; one parole
violator with a new term was recommended for the Youthful Offender program primarily
because of his age and past history; and the last parole violator had a three year sentence which
could be served in County jail. For the parole violators,the severity of their commitment offense
was considered in the placement decision. If their commitment offense was assault, robbery with
' a weapon or a sex offense,they would remain in a CDC facility.
Table 7:Recommended Placements: CDC Sample
Recommended Placement Female Male Total Percent
CDC 1 24 25 48.1%
Secure Drug Treatment Facility 3 13 16 30.8%
Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility 2 4 6 11.5%
Community Residential Drug Treatment Facility 0 3 3 5.8%
Youthful Offender Facility 0 1 1 1.9%
County Jail 0 1 1 1.9%
Total 6 46 52 100.0%
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 43
Table 8: Simulation Recommendations : CDC Sample Adjudication Status
Recommended Placement Commitment PENDREV PWNT RTC Total Percent
CDC 12 1 5 6 25 48.1%
County Secure Drug Treatment Facility 8 1 5 2 16 30.8%
County Secure Mental Health 4 0 1 1 6 11.5%
Treatment Facility
1 Community Residential Drug 3 0 0 0 3 5.8%
Treatment Facility
Youthful Offender Facility 0 0 1 0 1 1.9%
County Jail 0 0 1 0 1 1.9%
' Total: 27 2 13 9 52 100.0%
' Profile of Offenders Placed in Each Type of Setting
' The profile study provides a detailed description of which adults are found in each of the
placement types. Placement types I through 4 are secure facilities and placements types 5 and 6
1 are community supervision models. The"typical"characteristics of adults in each placement are
described as well as a brief description on what types of additional or associated services are
necessary-21 For more specific information refer to the tables included at the end of this section:
Table 1: Type of Placement by Offense Severity
Table 2: Type of Placement by Current Offense
Table 3: Type of Placement by Age
' Table 4: Type of Placement by Total Prior Felonies
Table 5: Type of Placement by Prior Violent Felonies
' Table 6: Type of Placement by Prior Misdemeanors
Table 7: Type of Placement by Drug/Alcohol Use
Table 8: Type of Placement by Institutional Violence
Table 9: Type of Placement by Mental Health Issues
Z'Adults frequently had multiple associated service recommendations.For this report,only the two main
associated services are listed.
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation . Page 44
1 Type 1: County Jail,CDC,and those Awaiting Transfer to Other State Facilities
(Atascadero)
' The adults recommended for County jail or CDC had extensive and significant criminal records
that consisted of violent or serious offenses. These adults were chronic offenders with multiple
jail and prison terms, repeat offenses and many demonstrated a pattern of offenses of increasing
' seriousness and numbers. A secure facility was the most appropriate placement because of this
past history of offenses,program failures and institutional violence.
' Twenty-six adults were recommended for placement in CDC, 36 were recommended for
placement in County jail and one was recommended for transfer to Astascadero. All of these
offenders had either a violent or serious current offense. Sixty percent of this group had between
1 and 3 violations of parole/probation revocations, 37 percent had between 1 and 3 failures to
appear, and 27 percent had prior institutional violence.
In reviewing criminal history,felony and misdemeanor convictions were recorded for the last
five years only. A significant number(48%) of these adults had been serving lengthy jail or
' prison terms prior to their most recent commitments and did not have any prior felonies within
the last five years. This factor was taken into consideration when scoring their profiles for
recommended placements. Forty-four percent of adults were scored as"violent,"while 56
percent were scored as"serious"offenders. The most significant offense categories of these
1 adults were; property(29%),person(27%)and drug(22%)offenses.
Type 2: County Secure Drug Treatment Facility
' Fifty-six adults were recommended for placement in a secure drug treatment facility housed in
one of the County detention facilities. Ten of these offenders could benefit specifically from an
' alcohol abuse program.All have documented substance abuse problems and were truly in need
of an intensive, structured substance abuse program. The majority in this group were chronic
long-term abusers as evidenced by the number of repeat offenses,jail and prison terms. Thirty-
one percent had eight or more jail terms and 33 percent had between 4 and 7 jail terms in their
' criminal histories. A secure drug treatment facility was recommended because of prior failures
' Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 45
on probation or parole(95%), failures to appear(34%)and program failures(46%). Sixteen
percent of this group had prior institutional violence.
A review of the criminal history shows a consistent pattern for the adults in this placement.Over
1 half had between 1 and 3 prior,felonies, and the most significant number of prior felony offenses
was in the drug(36%)category,followed closely by property(31%). Fifteen percent had
1 multiple(sometimes as many as 15)DUI's on their records.
Type 3: County Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility
Eleven adults were recommended for a County Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility
program based on the results of the simulation exercise.Nine of the sample were recommended
for a drug treatment services as well as mental health. This group required a secure structured
mental health facility due to diagnosed mental health problems that required taking medications
for symptoms of depression,conduct disorder, bi-polar modal disorder, or suicidal tendencies. A
secure facility was recommended as opposed to a community based program because of
domestic violence or a history of institutional violence or serious felony offenses(arson), prior
program failures(45%),violations of parole/probation(82%), or failures to appear.
A review of the typical criminal history shows that of adults in this group typically had
numerous prior jail terms(55%had 8 or more), and between 1 and 3 prior felonies,the majority
of which were property(45%), followed by drug(27%),person crimes such as assault and
domestic violence(18%), and DUI(9% )offenses.
' Type 4: Youthful Offender Facility
' The five adults recommended for the Youthful Offender facility were between the ages of 18 to
24. (See Juvenile Simulation and Profile for a description of a Youthful Offender program.)
' Adults in this placement require a secure facility because of past criminal history,failures on
probation(60%), failures to appear(60%)and prior institutional violence(20%), but have less
violent and chronic histories than the adults recommended for Countyjail or State Prison. They
were for the most part offenders with moderate criminal histories, and only one of the five had a
history of past violence(assault with a deadly weapon, domestic and institutional violence)and
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 46
' mental health problems. Eighty percent had serious drug or alcohol problems; substance abuse
services with mental health services were recommended in 20 percent of these cases.
All of these cases were violent or serious offenders: 60 percent had drug convictions as the
' current offense,20 percent had person offenses, and 20 percent had weapon crimes. Sixty
percent of the Youthful Offender placements had a total of two felonies,and 20 percent of those
were violent. Four of the adults in this placement come from the County jail sample.
Type 5: Community-Based Residential Drug Treatment Facility
' Twenty-one adults were recommended for a Community-Based Residential Drug Treatment
Program in the simulation exercise. Adults in this group had no prior violent offenses and only
two of the adults had prior institutional violence reports within the last five years. There were
very few felonies in this group; 23 percent had between 1 and 3,but the bulk of the typical
criminal history was misdemeanors(73%of the cases had between 1 and 3).All of the adults
surveyed reported recent drug/alcohol use which was substantiated in the types of offenses they
' had committed(petty theft,DUI,driving on a suspended license, or possession or sale of
narcotics). Fifty percent of the offenses were druglalcohol, followed by 27 percent property;
usually petty theft or second degree burglary.
' A community based program was recommended because most of these adults had participated in
prior work-in-lieu programs(55%), some of which were completed successfully, and had few
failures on probation(13%)and failures to appear(27%). Past histories indicated that these
adults were a low risk to the community and could probably succeed in a structured, community-
based residential drug treatment program.
' Type 6: Electronic Monitoring; Day Treatment
' In the simulation,twelve adults were recommended for an out of custody program based on the
results of the simulation exercise. Adults in this group are non-violent, less-serious offenders.
' Fifty-eight percent of these were scored during the placement simulation as"less serious," yet
they have significant problems that require intensive intervention while in the community. Sixty-
seven percent surveyed had drug or alcohol abuse histories; 17 percent of the adults in this group
' Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 47
suffer from serious mental health problems such as depression,conduct disorder, and some are
suicidal. One individual has physical disabilities. The offenses were categorized as drug/alcohol
' (33%),DUl's(25 %), and miscellaneous offenses such as forgery and driving on a suspended
license(25%). The majority of offenses were misdemeanors(58%). Fifty percent of these
fadults had participated in prior alternative programs such as work-in-lieu,DUI school and the
Post Commitment County Drug Program(PCCDP). Risk to the community was considered low,
taking into consideration failures to appear(16%). Sixty-six percent were recommended for
associated substance abuse services, and 17 percent for associated mental health services. One
adult was recommended for gang prevention while in the community.
' Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 48
Adult Profile Tables
Table 1: Type of Placement by Offense Severity
' Offense Type I Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Severity
Violent 44% 15% 18% 40% 0% 0% 24%
Serious 56% 78% 82% 60% 82% 33% 67%
' Less Serious 0% 7% 0% 0% 18% 58% 9%
Minor 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 8% 1%
' Total Number 63 55 11 5 22 12 168
Table 2: Type of Placement by Current Offense Category
Category Type I Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Drug/Alcohol 22% 36% 27% 60% 50% 33% 33%
' Property 29% 31% 45% 0% 27% 8% 28%
Person 27% 7% 9% 20% 0% 0% 14%
' DUI 2% 15% 9% 0% 9% 25% 9%
Miscellaneous 5% 2% 0% 0% 9% 25% 5%
Pecson/Dom Viol 2% 4% 9% 0% 0% 0% 2%
Traffic 2% 2% 0% 0% 5% 8% 2%
Weapon 13% 4% 0% 20% 0% 0% 7%
' Total Number 63 55 11 5 22 12 168
' Type 1=County Jail;CDC;Awaiting Transfer to Other State facility(Atascadero)
Type 2=County Secure Drug Treatment Facility
Type 3=County Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility
' Type 4=Youthful Offender Facility
Type 5=Community Residential Treatment Facility
Type 6=Electronic Monitoring;Day Treatment
' Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 49
Table 3:Type of Placement by Age
Age Type I Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
' 18-24 16% 15% 18% 100% 5% 17% 17%
25-35 46% 45% 73% 0% 55% 42% 47%
' 3646 35% 27% 9% 0% 14% 42% 27%
47+ 3% 13% 0% 0% 27% 0% 9%
Total Number 63 55 11 5 22 12 168
Table 4: Type of Placement by Total Prior Felonies
Total Prior Type I Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Felonies
0 48% 36% 27% 40% 77% 83% 49%
1 14% 25% 36% 0% 14% 17% 19%
' 2 14% 25% 18% 60% 9% 0% 18%
3 11% 7% 9% 0% 0% 0% 7%
4 5% 2% 9% 0% 0% 0% 3%
6 5% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2%
' 5 2% 4% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2%
19 2% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1%
Total Number 63 55 11 5 22 12 168
' Type 1=County Jail;CDC;Awaiting Transfer to Other State facility(Atascadero)
Type 2=County Secure Drug Treatment Facility
Type 3=County Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility
' Type 4=Youthful Offender Facility
Type 5=Community Residential Treatment Facility
Type 6=Electronic Monitoring;Day Treatment
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 50
Table 5: Type of Placement by Prior Violent Felonies
Prior Violent
Felonies Type I Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
0 76% 84% 100% 80% 100% 100% 85%
' 1 22% 15% 0% 20% 0% 0% 14%
2 2% 2% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1%
' Total Number 63 55 11 5 22 12 168
' Table 6:Type of Placement by Prior Misdemeanors
Number of
' Prior
Misdemeanors Type I Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
0 40% 29% 9% 60% 14% 33% 31%
' 1-3 46% 53% 36% 0% 73% 58% 51%
4-7 13% 13% 36% 40% 5% 8% 14%
' 8+ 2% 5% 18% 0% 9% 0% 5%
Total Number 63 55 11 5 22 12 168
Table 7:Type of Placement by Drug/Alcohol Use
' History of
Drug/Alcohol
Use Type I Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Yes 79% 100% 91% 80% 100% 67% 89%
No 21% 00/0 90/0 20% 00/0 33% 11%
' Total Number 63 55 11 5 22 12 168
' Type 1=County Jail;CDC;Awaiting Transfer to Other State facility(Atascadero)
Type 2=County Secure Drug Treatment Facility
Type 3=County Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility
t Type 4=Youthful Offender Facility
Type 5=Community Residential Treatment Facility
Type 6=Electronic Monitoring;Day Treatment
1
' Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 51
Table 8: Type of Placement by Institutional Violence
Prior Institutional Type I Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Total
Violence Reports
Yes 27% 16% 18% 20% 9% 0% 18%
No 73% 84% 82% 80% 91% 100% 82%
' Total Number 63 55 11 5 22 12 168
1
r
Type 1=County Jail;CDC;Awaiting Transfer to Other State facility(Atascadero)
Type 2=County Secure Drug Treatment Facility
' Type 3=County Secure Mental Health Treatment Facility
Type 4=Youthful Offender Facility
Type 5=Community Residential Treatment Facility
' Type 6=Electronic Monitoring;Day Treatment
Contra Costa County Adult Profile and Simulation Page 52
Appendix Table of Contents
1
A) Data Collection and Simulation Instruments
Juvenile Placement Instrument
Indiana Corrections Juvenile Placement Matrix
Contra Costa County Juvenile Profile Coding Sheet
Contra Costa County Youth Survey Mental Health Issues
Contra Costa County Youth Survey Medical Conditions
Adult Placement Instrument
Adult Placement Matrix
Contra Costa County Adult Prisoner Profile Coding Sheet
Community-Based Punishment Options Program Survey
B Institutional Population Projections
p J
Juvenile Hall Population Projections
Adult Jail System Population Projections
C) Contra Costa County Justice System Programs Survey
D) National Survey of Intermediate Sanction Model Programs
,1
Appendix Table of Contents
1
Appendix A : Data Collection and Simulation Instruments
Juvenile Placement Instrument
' Indiana Corrections Juvenile Placement Matrix
Contra Costa County Juvenile Profile Coding Sheet
Contra Costa County Youth Survey Mental Health Issues
' Contra Costa County Youth Survey Medical Conditions
Adult Placement Instrument
Adult Placement Matrix
Contra Costa County Adult Prisoner Profile Coding Sheet
Community-Based Punishment Options Program Survey
r
Appendix A: Data Collection and Simulation Instruments
Juvenile Placement Instrument
' Name ID Number
1. Severity of Current Offense
' Murder, rape, kidnap, escape.......................................10
Other violent offenses.................................................5
All other offenses...............................................:......0
2. Severityof Prior Adjudication (Felon Only)
Violentoffense..........................................................5
Propertyoffense........................................................3
Other/none........................................:.....................0
3. Number of Prior Adjudication's (Felony Only)
Twoor more............................................................5
Lessthan two...........................................................0
Total Items 1-3
Total Items 1-3. If score is 10 or higher, score as secure placement.
If less than 10, score remaining stability items.
4. Age at First Referral
�. 12-13 years of age........................................................2
14+........................................................................0
5. History of Mental Health,Substance Abuse,or Educational problems
Yes........................................................................l
No.........................................................................0
1 e r With Friends at Time of Current
6. Youth Lived Aon o Adjudication
Yes............................................................. ........1
No................................ .......................................0
7. Prior Out-of-Home Placements(Include Orin Allen commitments.)
Yes................. ......................................................1
No............................ ..........................................0
Total Items 1-7
' Apply score to the following risk scale.
10+ High
5-9 Medium
0-4 Low
Placement
Risk Level
Offense Severity
Recommended Placement
Indiana Corrections Juvenile Placement Matrix
Risk Level
Offense Severity High Medium Low
1. Violent Offenses Violent Offender Violent or Sex Offender Boot Camp
Program Program Intermediate Sanction
Assaultive Sex Offender Staff Secure Residential Program
Program
Staff Secure Residential
2. Serious Offenses Boot Camp Intermediate Sanction Intermediate Sanction
Staff Secure Residential Program Day Treatment
Job Corps Specialized Group
Intermediate Sanction Homes
Program
3. Less Serious Offenses Intermediate Sanction Proctor Program Community Supervision
Program Tracking Community Service
Day Treatment Community Service Mentors
Specialized Group
Homes
4. Minor Offenses Proctor Program Community Supervision Mentors
Tracking Mentors
Community Supervision
Contra Costa County
Youth Survey: Mental Health Issues
Name:
Court ID:
Mental Health(Circle all the apply):
None -0
Conduct Disorder - 1
Depression -2
On Medication(please specify) -3
Mental Health Counseling -4
Suicidal -5
Other(please specify) -6
iOther Mental Health Issues:
i� Housing:
If facility space could be made available, should youth have special housing in the Juvenile Ha1U0AYEF
due to the condition(s)you have listed above?
Yes
No
�r
Adult Placement Matrix
Risk Level
Offense Seventy High Hi Medium' Low
1. Past Violence State Prison/County Jail
Present Violence
2. Past Violence County Jail, Boot Camp, Staff Secure Residential, Youthful Offender,
Present Non Violence Intermediate Sanction/Couuty Adult Ranch
3. Past Non Violence Intermediate Sanction/County Adult Ranch, Secure Residential
Present Violence Treatment, Day Treatment, Intermediate Sanction
4. Other Felonies/Other Intermediate Sanction, Day fines, Work Program, County Parole, Pre-
trial Release, Electronic Monitoring
IIncrease supervision based upon risk level.
CONTRA COSTA COUNTY ADULT PRISONER PROFILE
CODING SHEET
Identification
1. Study sample number (e.g., #001, 002, etc.):
2. Prisoner Name(last,first, MI)
3. System identifier number(Unique identifier, such as booking number)
4. Date of birth: / / 5. Gender (m/J): 6. Ethnicity:
' mm dd yy
Current status
7. Current facility: 8. Current classification (local code):
9. Date of admission: / / 10. Days in facility (on sample date):
mm dd yy
11. Adjudication status(check the category that applies):
pre sentence
awaiting transfer to CDC
awaiting transfer to other jurisdiction
awaiting revocation hearing
sentenced to county jail
other? ( )
12. If sentenced to county jail, length of commitment? days
' 12.a. Is incarceration time mandatory?
13. Anticipated actual release or transfer date?
mm dd yy
Criminal History
14. Current charge[list most serious] / Fel/misd?
— Describe code number
14.a. Charge category code:
1 persons; 2 property; 3=drug/alcohol; 4=trgffic; S=DUI; 6=weapon; 7=misc.
14.b. Does prisoner have hold/warrant? Y/N
15. Number of convictions in past five years for:
Felonies:
violence:
property:
drugs:
other:
Misdemeanors:
1 Probation/parole revocations:
16. Number of"strikes":
17. Number of prior jail terms:
18. Number of prior prison terms
1
19. Has offender been placed on alternative programs before?[check all that apply.]
Own recognizance release? Completed/Failed[Most recent referral]
Electronic monitoring? Completed/Failed
County parole? Completed/Failed
Work-in-lieu? Completed/Failed
Probation? Completed/Failed
Residential treatment? Completed/Failed
Other(Explain: )
' Risk Factors
20. Current serious medical problems? YIN Explain:
21. Current mental health problems? Y/N Explain:
22. Prior institutional violence reports? Y/N Explain:
23. Prior failures to appear? Y/N
24. Prior program AWOLs? Y/N Explain:
25. Prior escapes from institutions? YIN Explain:
26. History of sex offenses? YIN Explain:
27. History of arson offenses? Y/N Explain:
28. History of domestic violence?YIN Explain:
29. Recent drug/alcohol use? Y/N Explain:
30. Prior or current gang affiliation? YIN Explain:
Miscellaneous
31. Note any other factors, not included above, which pertain to this offender's eligibility for
placement in any alternative to incarceration setting.
32. Current INS hold?Y/N
(3/19/96)
2
CONTRA COSTA COUNTY ADULT PRISONER PROFILE
CODING SHEET
Please complete a coding sheetfor each inmate on the attached list. No program information should
be recorded if it occurred after March 14, 1996, the day of the sample.
Identification
1. Prisoner Name (last,first, MI)
2. Date of Birth
Program History
3. Has offender ever been placed on alternative programs before? [check all that apply].
Electronic Home Detention: Yes No
If yes, number of times on Electronic Home Detention:
For the most recent time on Electronic Monitoring, did client successfully complete or fail
the program?
Completed Failed
Comments:
County Parole: Yes No
If yes, number of times on County Parole:
For the most recent time on County Parole, did client successfully complete or fail the
program?
Completed Failed
Comments:
Work Alternative: Yes No
If yes, number of times on Work Alternative:
For the most recent time on Work Alternative,did client successfully complete or fail the
program?
' Completed Failed
Comments:
CONTRA COSTA COUNTY ADULT PRISONER PROFILE
CODING SHEET
Please complete a coding sheet for each inmate on the attached list Medical and mental health
conditions should only be recorded if they existed/occurred while the inmate was in custody on
March 14, 1996, the day of our sample. For all questions, no data should be recorded if it occurred
after the sample da,
Identification
1. Prisoner Name
2. Date of Birth
3. Current Medical Problems (Circle all that apply):
None -0
Communicable disease (please specify) - 1
Physical disabilities (please specify) -2
Pregnancy - 3
Medication (please specify) -4
other(please specify) -5
Notes:
4. Current Mental Health Problems (Circle all that apply):
None -0
Conduct Disorder - 1
Depression -2
Medication(please specify) -3
Mental Health Counseling -4
Suicidal - 5
other(please specify) - 6
Notes:
5. Recent drug/alcohol use? Yes No
Explain:
6. Current INS hold'? Yes No
7. Prior or current gang affiliation? Yes No
(Questions 8 and 9 apply to all institutional stays.)
8. Prior institutional violence reports:
Total number of violent incident reports:
Total number of incident reports within the last five years:
9. Prior escapes from institutions? Yes No
Community-Based Punishment Options
Program Survey
1. Program Description Date:
iName of Agency:
Name of Program:
Program Representative:
Address:
Phone Number:
*Services Provided:
* If you have a program brochure that describes your services, please attach to this survey.
2. Client Profile:
Please describe eligibility requirements for your program(gender,adult,juvenile):
What types of offenders are excluded from your program? Please describe
Do you accept clients with a history of violence?
Briefly describe the process of how a person becomes involved in your program.
Program Survey: Community-Based Punishment Options Page 1
Would you accept non-violent offenders returning from the following types of institutions?
' State Prison Yes No
County Jail Yes No
Juvenile Hall Yes No
CYA Facility Yes No
Are any of the clients in your program as a condition of probation or parole?
' Yes No '
If yes, how many? Adults Juveniles
If no, would you consider accepting this type of referral (explain)?
If clients in your program are on probation or parole, arc you required to report routinely to any
of the following:
Yes No
public defender
' probation officer
parole officer _
courts
law enforcement
other, please specify _
In your opinion,which of the following offenses should be the basis of exclusion from a
community-based punishment program? (Please check all that apply)
sexual offenses arson
mayliem assaults
drugs for sale weapon charges
car jacking domestic violence
drunk driving
List other charges that you believe should be included us criteria for exclusion:
What other criteria should be considered for exclusion'?
Program Survey: Community-Based Punishment Options Page 2
3. Existing Program Capacity
How many years has your agency provided services to offenders?(Please specify one response for
each group)
Juveniles Adults
Less than one year
' 12 months to 3 years
Over 3 years
How many clients are currently in the program?
Adults Juveniles
How many clients did you serve in 1995?
Adults Juveniles
What is the maximum number of clients that you can serve at ONE time?
Adults Juveniles
If the program accepts both male and female clients, what is the percent of clients by gender?
Percent male Percent female
If you are a residential program, indicate your bed capacity.
Do you charge a fee for service? Yes No
If yes, please give the range of fees charged.
Will you waive fees based on ability to pay? Yes
Do you have a waiting list? Yes No
Current number waiting?
What is the average wait?
4. Expandability/Costs
What is your cost per unit of service?(per bed, per hour. per activity, per program slot)
How did you arrive at this figure?
If not available, what was your annual program budget in 1995?
Annual Budget/Annual number of clients per program?
Program Survey: Community-Based Punishment Options Page 3
i
' At your present capacity,could you accept additional criminal justice referrals?
Please explain:
i
What additional resources would.you need to expand?(Facility s ace operational costs,change
' in procedures)
Please describe the area(s)of the County that your program serves.
5. Program Supervision/Structure
What is the length of the program?
How often do you have contact with clients per week?
Do you follow up if an individual does not show up? Yes No
If yes, how?
Do you follow up if an individual drops out of your program? Yes No
If yes, how?
Do you have a procedure for follow up after an individual completes your program?
Yes No
Please describe.
Do you have program failure criteria?(dirty test,violence) Yes No
Please describe,
Program Survey: Community-Based Punishment Options Page 4
!
6. Evaluation
How do you determine program effectiveness?
!
Has the program been evaluated recently? Yes No
If yes, by whom and could you send us a summary of the evaluation?
7. Community Resources
' Please name the agencies to which you refer primarily.
If additional community-based punishment options were to be added in Contra Costa County,
which ones do you think should be considered?
What improvements could be made to enhance local alternatives to incarceration?
(3/15/96)
Program Survey: Community-Based Punishment Options Page 5
Appendix B: Institutional Population Projections
Juvenile Hall Population Projections
Adult Jail System Population Projections
r
r
r
Appendix B: Institutional Population Projections
1
APPENDIX B: CONTRA COSTA COUNTY JUVENILE HALL POPULATION
PROJECTIONS
Juvenile institution population projections were produced for Contra Costa County
' through the year 2010. These forecasts are based on a data sample of the average
daily population in the County's Juvenile Hall, collected for the period 1985 - 1995.
Separate projections were produced by use of two different methodologies:
population ratio, and trend line methods. Projections are difficult due to the fact
that the average daily population in a facility the size of Juvenile Hall (160 beds) is
1 sensitive to any change in demographics or policy. For example, during the second
half of 1992 and all of 1993 there was a Superior Court order specifying the
' maximum number of youth who could be held in Juvenile Hall given staffing
levels at the time and space availability. This resulted in a significant decrease in the
average daily population of Juvenile Hall for that time period. Because the
projection methodologies employ the past average daily population figures as the
basis for projecting future incarcerated populations, the average daily population
figures for the time the court order was in place are not included. This should
produce more realistic, although still conservative, projections. Although the
' number of beds at Juvenile Hall was expanded by 20 in 1994 it is reasonable to
assume that the juvenile ADP is still being artificially deflated due to restricted
' juvenile space and would rise if more bed space were available. Projections were not
accomplished for the County's juvenile commitment facility (Orin Allen Youth
' Rehabilitation Facility). This facility operated at the maximum capacity of 64 prior to
the addition of ten beds in October 1990, and has operated at the maximum capacity
' of 74 for close to two years. In addition, there are significant number of youth at
Juvenile Hall or at home awaiting placement at the OAYRF. For example, on May
20, 1996, there were 67 youth waiting to go to the OAYRF; 13 were at home and 54
' were at Juvenile Hall. Fifteen youth had been waiting since March 1996. A
projection in this context is not meaningful. The County is currently considering
adding 20 beds at the OAYRF.
The use of two methodologies provides a range of potential scenarios. Table 1 and
Figure 1: Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Projections: Comparison of ADP Trend
Line and Population Ratio Methods summarize the results of the two different
Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Population Projections Page 1
methodologies through the year 2010.
r
' Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Population Projections Page 2
Table 1: Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Projections:
Comparison of ADP Trend Line and Population Ratio Methods
Year Actual ADP Trend Line Pop Ratio
1985 94 99
' 1986 102
1987 113
1988 132
1989 122
1990 134
1991 132
1992 141
' 1993
1994 155
1995 163 162
2000 194 218
2005 225 260
2010 257 284
' Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Population Projections Page 3
Chart 1: Contra Costa County:Juvenile Hall Projections:
' Comparison of Trend Line and Population Ratio Methods-
Year 2000,2005,and 2010
300
PoF ulation Ratio Method
250
200
Trend L ine Method
150
' 100
50
0
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Population Projections Page 4
Population Ratio Methodology
The ratio of the Juvenile Hall ADP to the total Contra Costa County juvenile
population ages 12- 17 is calculated for each year of the base period (1985 - 1995). The
ratios and associated data are contained in Table 2: Base Period Population Ratios
and Computation of Average Daily Populations. These ratios fluctuated over the ten
year period but the change in the ratio between ADP and population 12 - 17 produced
' an average annual increase in the ratio over the ten year period 1985 - 1995.
Population ratios for 1996- 2010 were obtained by adding the average one-year
increase in the ratio during the 1985 - 1995 base period to each succeeding one-year
period beginning in 1996. These projected ratios were then applied to the projections
derived from the State Department of Finance Population Forecasts of the overall
County youth population ages 12 - 17. An increasing juvenile institution population
in this methodology derives from (a) increasing juvenile populations ages 12 - 17
and (b) an increasing incarceration rate (detainees per youth population). The growth
in the age range 12- 17 reaches a high in 2006 (89,139) and starts to decline through
i2010 (86,657), slowing the increase in the projected number of youth incarcerated.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Population Projections Page 5
■ Table 2: Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Population: Population Ratio Projections
A. Computation of Base Period Population
Ratios
Year Actual ADP(a) Population (b) Ratio Change
(Ages 12-17) (a/b)
1995 163 74,264 0.002195 0.000020
1994 155 71,276 0.002175 0.000035
1993
1992 141 65,874 0.002140 0.000029
1991 132 62,525 0.002111 -0.000081
1990 134 61,128 0.002192 0.000129
1989 122 59,146 0.002063 -0.000186
1988 132 58,691 0.002249 0.000342
1987 113 59,260 0.001907 0.000203
1986 102 59,867 0.001704 0.000155
1985 94 60,680 0.001549
' Average annual change over nine years 0.000072
B. Computation of Average Daily Population
' Year Population(a) Ratio (b) ADP(axb)
(Ages 12-17)
' 2000 85,135 0.002555 218
2005 89,111 0.002915 260
2010 86,657 0.003275 284
Note: ADP data for 1992 is for the months of January through June only.
Trend Line Methodology
The trend line analysis utilizes the historic average daft population figures for the
Y g YP P �
years 1985 to 1995 and the method of least squares to produce a best-fit trend line for
the projection period 1996 - 2010. The average daily population projection is based
on historic data shown in Table 3: ADP Trend Line. The trend line projection is
displayed in Figure 2.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Population Projections Page 6
' Table 3: Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Projections: ADP Trend Line
' Year Actual ADP Trend Line
1985 94.00 99.11
1986 102.00
1987 113.00
1988 132.00
1989 122.00
1990 134.00
' 1991 132.00
1992 141.00
1993
1994 155.00
' 1995 163.00 162.28
2000 19377-
2005 225.46
2010 257.05
1
Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Population Projections Page 7
Figure 2•Contra Costa County:Juvenile Hall ADP Trend Line
Projections
' 300
' 250
0
r.r
200
° Trend Lir e
a Actual LDP
150
i°
O
a 100
w
d
t
Q 50
PI 1 1 1
' 0 1 1 1 __J I
Ln Ln
00
O\ g o
.. N N N
Year
Projection of Female Population
The population of girls inJuvenile Hall is too small to make projections reliable.
The average daily population data for the Juvenile Hall was reviewed for four years,
1991, 1992, 1994, 1995, to determine what percentage the girls make up of the overall
' population.
Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Population Projections Page 8
' Table 5 : Percentage of Girls in the Average Daily Population: Juvenile Hall
Year Percent Girls Total ADP ADP-Girls
1991 17% 132 22
' 1992 (Jan. -June) 14% 141 19
1994 13% 155 19
1995 14% 163 22
If the average percentage of girls in the Juvenile Hall (14%) over the last four year
' period is taken and applied.to the Year 2005 projections, it indicates a population of
32 to 34 girls in 2005.
Preliminary Conclusion
The preliminary baseline projection is that by the year 2005 the Juvenile Hall
population will rise by 34 to 38 percent (falling somewhere between the Trend Line
' projection and the Population Ratio projection) over the 1995 ADP, which will result
in an institutional population of 225 to 260 youth in the year 2005.
1 Projection Adjustments
Projections should be updated annually to reflect any measurable impact of changes
in policy or program.
There are some significant resource limitations and issues of State/County control
and potential Federal funding mechanism changes which are discussed below
which will hamper Probation's capacity to always respond with the most appropriate
recommendation for youth.
The County juvenile facilities are at capacity. The State will implement a new fee
scale for commitments in January 1997. The County will be charged $125 per month
for youth classified in levels 1-4 and increasing amounts for youth in levels 5-7
ranging from $14,000 to $31,000 per year per ward. The County has no control over
the length of stay for wards committed to CYA and the wards could remain from
five to seven years. In addition to the 25 percent reduction in Probation staff that has
Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Population Projections Page 9
I
' already occurred in Contra Costa County, another significant reduction is anticipated
due to the $3,350,000 loss of Federal Title IV-A revenue. The Juvenile Hall in Contra
' Costa County is in serious need of replacement. The County has completed
planning for a renovated and expanded Juvenile Hall including treatment beds. This
' plan includes an entire range of services, named the Continuum of Care, aimed at
reducing the number of youth who require incarceration. Contra Costa County has
1 been successful in obtaining some funding for implementing pieces of the
Continuum, e.g., locked mental health program, mentoring. However, no capital or
operating expenses funds have yet been identified to construct and operate an
1 expanded juvenile detention system. Assuming implementation of the
recommended alternatives to detention, an expanded detention system has been
kept to a minimum, but is still necessitated by an increasing juvenile population.
The projections in this section do not consider keeping youth currently sent to CYA
in the County system. The resolution of these issues will significantly impact the
number of youth who will be served by the justice system in Contra Costa County in
the years to come.
i
1
1
1
1
1
1 Contra Costa County Juvenile Hall Population Projections Page 10
APPENDIX B: CONTRA COSTA COUNTY ADULT JAIL SYSTEM POPULATION
PROJECTIONS
Adult institution population projections were produced for Contra Costa County
County through the year 2010. These forecasts are based on a data sample of the
average daily population in the County's adult jail system, collected for the period
1985 - 1995. Separate projections were produced by use of two different
methodologies: population ratio, and trend line methods. The use of two
methodologies provides a range of potential scenarios. Table 1 and Figure 1: Contra
Costa County Adult Jail System Projections: Comparison of ADP Trend Line and
Population Ratio Methods summarize the results of the two different
methodologies through the year 2010.
Table 1: Contra Costa County Adult Jail System Projections:
Comparison of ADP Trend Line and Population Ratio Methods
' Year Actual ADP Trend Line Pop Ratio
1985 890 1020
1986 946
1987 1102
1988 1294
1989 1333
1990 1438
1991 1409
1992 1425
1993 1386
1994 1254
' 1995 1511 1523
2000 1774 1872
2005 2025 2552
2010 2277 2621
Contra Costa County Adult Jail System Population Projections Page 1
Chart 1: Contra Costa County:Adult Jail System Projections:
Comparison of ADP Trend Line and Population Ratio
Methods-1996-2010
3000
2500
Population R itio Method
2000
Trend Line
0
� Actual ADP
>. 1500 —
Gl x
1000
v
500
0
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Year
Contra Costa County Adult Jail System Population Projections Page 2
Population Ratio Methodology
The ratio of the adult jail system ADP to the total Contra Costa County adult
population ages 18- 64 is calculated for each year of the base period (1985 - 1995). The
ratios and associated data are contained in Table 2: Base Period Population Ratios
and Computation of Average Daily Populations. These ratios fluctuated over the ten
year period but the change in the ratio between ADP and population 18 - 64 produced
an average annual increase in the ratio over the eight year period 1985 - 1995.
Population ratios for 1996- 2010 were obtained by adding the average one-year
increase in the ratio during the 1985 - 1995 base period to each succeeding one-year
period beginning in 1996. These projected ratios were then applied to the projections
derived from the State Department of Finance Population Forecasts of the overall
County adult population ages 18 - 64. An increasing adult institution population in
this methodology derives from (a) increasing adult populations ages 18 - 64 and (b)
an increasing incarceration rate (detainees per adult population).
Contra Costa County Adult jail System Population Projections Page 3
Table 2: Contra Costa CountyAdult Jail System Population: Population Ratio
Projections
A. Computation of Base Period Population
Ratios
Year Actual ADP (a) Population (b) Ratio Change
(Ages 18-64) (a/b)
1995 1511 556,419 0.002716 0.000430
1994 1254 548,593 0.002286 -0.000274
1993 1386 541,378 0.002560 -0.000106
1992 1425 534,579 0.002666 -0.000015
1991 1409 525,624 0.002681 -0.000095
1990 1438 517,954 0.002776 0.000117
1989 1333 504,290 0.002643 0.000002
1988 1294 489,985 0.002641 0.000335
1987 1102 477,897 0.002306 0.000290
,. 1986 946 469,218 0.002016 0.000084
1985 890 460,555 0.001932
Average annual change over ten years 0.000077
B. Computation of Average Daily Population
Year Population(a) Ratio (b) ADP(axb)
(Ages 18-64)
2000 603,519 0.003101 1872
2005 646,045 0.003486 2252
2010 677,027 0.003871 2621
Contra Costa County Adult Jail System Population Projections Page 4
Trend Line Methodology
1 The trend line analysis utilizes the historic average daily population figures for the
years 1985 to 1995 and the method of least squares to produce a best-fit trend line for
the projection period 1996 - 2010. The average daily population projection is based
on historic data shown in Table 3: ADP Trend Line. The trend line projection is
displayed in Figure 2.
Table 3: Contra Costa County Adult Jail System Projections: ADP Trend Line
Year Actual ADP Trend Line
1985 890.00 1020
1986 946.00
1987 1102.00
1988 1294.00
1989 1333.00
1990 1438.00
1991 1409.00
1992 1425.00
1993 1386.00
1994 1254.00
1995 1511.00 1523
2000 1774
2005 2025
2010 2277
Contra Costa County Adult Jail System Population Projections Page 5
Figure I Contra Costa County:juvenile Hall ADP Trend Line
Projections
300
250
0
200
° Trend Li
a; Actual DP
150
A
A 100
M
d
Q 50
0
00
Year N N N
Projection of Female Population
The average daily population data for the adult jail system was reviewed for three
years, 1993 - 1995, to determine what percentage the women make up of the overall
population.
Contra Costa County Adult Jail System Population Projections Page 6
Table 5 : Percentage of Women in the Average Daily Population: Adult Jail System
Year Percent Women Total ADP ADP-Women
1993 12% 1386 166
1994 14% 1254 164
1995 13% 1511 190
If the average percentage of women in the adult jail system (13%) over the last three
year period is taken and applied to the Year 2005 projections, it indicates a population
of 263 to 293 women in 2005.
Preliminary Conclusion
The preliminary baseline projection is that by the year 2005 the adult jail system
population will rise by 34 to 50 percent (falling somewhere between the Trend Line
and Population Ratio projection) over the 1995 ADP, which will result in an
institutional population of 2025 to 2252 adults in the year 2005. The projections in
this section do not consider keeping adults currently sent to the California
Department of Corrections in the County adult system.
�r
Contra Costa County Adult Jail System Population Projections Page 7
' Appendix C: Contra Costa County Justice System Programs Survey
r
r
�r
Appendix C: Contra Costa.County Justice System Programs Survey
APPENDIX C: JUSTICE SYSTEM PROGRAMS SURVEY
JUVENILE PROGRAMS
Contra Costa County Juvenile Probation Supervision
50 Douglas Drive
Martinez, CA 94553
313-4115/374-3567
Contacts: Sam Jimenez, Paul Ruth
iJuvenile probation supervision provides public safety and protection to the adjudicated
youths it serves. The program holds offenders accountable for their actions, administering
praise and punishment in an appropriate way. Supervision also provides a component of
1 social work and therapy to an offender and her or his family, working with them to insure
that appropriate community resources are made available to clients in need of
rehabilitative intervention. Any minor who has committed a criminal act, where the
District Attorney has determined that there is a sustainable criminal charge, may be
assigned to Probation supervision after an intake hearing takes place, followed by a
disposition. For the initial 90 days the client is on supervision, monitoring done by deputies
is intensive. After 90 days, if the youth has not committed any additional violations, she
or he is placed on Service on Demand, where contact between client and deputy occurs on a
significantly less frequent basis. Currently, an estimated 1,700 clients are on Juvenile
Probation. A similar number is estimated to have been served in 1995, due to the fact that
juveniles may be on supervision for a period of one month to ten years; the average amount of
time a juvenile will be on Probation is one year. The average caseload at one time during
the year is then also the estimated total number that will be served in that year.
Maximum caseload is estimated at 765, which was calculated based on a caseload limit of
65 per deputy in order for services to be effective. An issue that prevents itself as a problem
with regard to supervision caseloads is the fact that many youth on supervision commit new
violations which prevent them from ever progressing to Service on Demand, which is a less
intensive supervision program. Typically, 80% of juvenile probation clients are male; 20%
1 are female. The Juvenile Probation Supervision Program is currently functioning beyond
maximum capacity. In order to adjust program resources to be in accordance with
recommended client load, Probation staff estimated that additional staff (for intake,
investigation, and for supervision), vehicles, and equipment would be needed. Cost per client
is estimated to be $447. Juvenile probation supervision has not recently been evaluated.
Program effectiveness is determined by client recidivism (an estimated 25% of youth on
Probation are constant reoffenders). Probation staff note the lack of services in Contra Costa
County for youth deemed incorrigible.
Contra Costa County Probation Department
Juvenile Placement
50 Douglas Drive
Martinez, CA 94553
313-4088
Contact:Bob Momono
Juvenile Placement places juveniles in the least restrictive environment possible, either in a
' group home, a foster home, or a ranch facility. There are various levels of group homes,
categorized by the type of offender they serve. Services provided also vary according to
client needs. Youth served by Juvenile Placement are girls and boys under the age of 18 who
have displayed delinquent behavior, and whose parents have requested out-of-home-
placement. Excluded from Juvenile Placement are youth who have a long history of
delinquent behavior which other interventions have not been able to correct. Typically,
youth who have committed murder are excluded from placement; rape may also be cause for
exclusion. Whether a client with a history of violence would be accepted for placement
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 1
' depends on the case; most group homes,for example,do not wish to serve a client who will
pose a threat to the immediate community, or residents and staff of the facility. Most
youth are referred to Juvenile Placement from Juvenile Hall. A referral packet is prepared
on the youth for screening purposes,but there is no interview process. All clients of Juvenile
Placement are in the program as a condition of their probation. Juvenile Placement has been
serving offenders in Contra Costa County for several decades. Currently,Juvenile Placement
has 28 clients placed in foster care, with a maximum of 50 available beds. An estimated 324
youth were placed into foster care in 1995. There are 81 county-certified group homes
available for placement, at the time the program was surveyed, 107 juveniles were placed in
group homes. The possibility for expansion in the number of clients served by group homes is
great; currently homes are not at capacity and are actively seeking referrals. An estimated
1,356 youth were served by group homes in 1995. Juvenile Placement assigns youth to four
out-of-county ranch facilities; four beds are held for Contra Costa County referrals at one of
the facilities. Two of the institutional settings are able to accept girls but slots are not
always available and the wait may be lengthy. At the time of the survey, four youth were
placed in ranch facilities; the maximum capacity for County referrals is six. An estimated
60 youth were placed in ranch facilities in 1995. For expansion to occur, more beds need to be
reserved for County youth; inparticular there is a need for a secure treatment facility for
female youth. The cost for expansion of all of the placement settings is equivalent to the
cost per day, which ranges from$14.30/day/youth to $161.70/day/youth. Approximately
70% of youth served by Juvenile Placement are male, and 30% are female. Average length
of stay in a facility varies from several months to several years. Program.effectiveness is
determined by positive feedback from youth participating in the program, and by deputies'
assessments of whether the program is achieving with the youth what they state as the
aim of their program.
Contra Costa County Probation Department
' Juvenile Placement Diversion
202 Glacier Drive
Martinez, CA
313-4140
Contact: Jim Heiser
Juvenile Placement Diversion is designed to intervene in family discord and treat problems
with the object the prevention of the dissolution of the family. Juveniles of both sexes who
are at imminent risk of out-of-home placement and who are wards of the court may agree to
participate in Placement Diversion. Officers from Juvenile Placement Diversion meet with
families and community-based organizations to provide the necessary services in order to
keep a family intact. The program may help families attend therapy, check in with youth
at their schools, in the home, and in the community. No client is rejected based on prior.
history; Juvenile Placement Diversion will serve clients with a history of violence.
Juveniles in imminent danger of being placed out of the home can be placed on Juvenile
' Placement Diversion instead of being sent to a group home. After a referral (either
internally, if a juvenile is on probation or through a court referral at the time of sentencing)
a family will be screened to determine if they are appropriate for the program and are
willing to participate. Families with severe mental illness or severe alcohol or drug
dependence who deny the existence of the problem may be determined to be inappropriate
for participation. During intake, the deputy probation officer goes to the home and
describes the program, explaining that Families First is the community-based organization
that will provide intensive intervention once participation in the program begins. The
Juvenile Placement Diversion Program is willing to accept offenders returning from the
Juvenile Hall or CYA facility; currently an estimated 25% of juvenile participants in the
program are on parole. The program is required to file reports with the court every 90 days.
The program has served the entire County of Contra Costa for over three years. Currently,
80 juveniles are being served by the Placement Diversion Program. Maximum caseload at
any one time is 100 families; in the year 1995 approximately 300 families were served by
the program. Juvenile Placement participation is 75% males and 25% females. There are
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 2
tneither fees or waiting lists for participation in Juvenile Placement Diversion. Cost per unit
of service is estimated at $1,300 per family. The program could technically accept
additional criminal justice referrals, but states that increasing the caseloads for the
' probation officers and their aides will eventually decrease overall effectiveness of the
program. For every increase of twenty referrals to the program,Juvenile Diversion would
need an additional Deputy Probation Officer ($63,000) and an additional probation counselor
($56,000). Program length is 90 days. The minimum amount of contact with a family will
occur once per week, but many times officers will have contact with juveniles almost every
day. If a youth fails to show for a portion of the program's treatment, he or she will be
located and taken to the necessary activity; school, for instance. An individual who
dropped out of the program would be referred to the court. Seventy-five percent of
participants in the program will have contact with Families First, which has a procedure
for follow-up with the families it has served. Program failure criteria include failure to
attend counseling or refusal to attend school. If the youth remains in the home and the
family remains intact, services provided by the Juvenile Placement Diversion Program are
determined to be effective. The program has not recently been evaluated.
Contra Costa County Probation Department
Juvenile Home Supervision Program
50 Douglas Drive
' Martinez, CA 94553
646-4735
Contact: Carl Ackerley
Home Supervision is a monitoring program for pre-adjudicated minors. While on Home
Supervision a youth will attend school,counseling,and groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous
and Narcotics Anonymous, if appropriate. All juvenile offenders are eligible for the Home
' Supervision Program, though youth with felony weapons charges or felony assaults are
reviewed on a case-by-case basis. In general, offenders who have been determined to be a
risk to the community, their families, or themselves are excluded from Home Supervision,
but the program does accept clients with a history of violence. After a referral is made by
the court or by a probation officer, an interview takes place in order to determine whether a
client will be able to follow the rules and operation of the program. If a juvenile is
determined to be inappropriate for the program he or she will be remanded to Juvenile Hall.
Home Supervision accepts offenders returning from Juvenile Hall or from a CYA facility.
Currently, 100% of juveniles on Home Supervision are in the program as a condition of their
probation. At the completion of their time in the program, a report is filed with the court
regarding their success on Home Supervision. Currently, 53 youth are participating in the
program, and a total of 571 were served during the year of 1995. Client participation in
Home Supervision averages 87% male and 13% female. No fees are charged for the services
provided, and there is no waiting list to begin the program. Program costs are estimated to
be $438 per client. Currently, Home Supervision could increase its caseload by 10% (five
youth) without need for additional staff. Increasing the caseload by more than 10% would
require augmenting the staff proportionately,but would be feasible. Home Supervision
guidelines require that the program maintain a staff-youth ratio of 1: 15, and an increase in
staff of one group counselor, level 111 ($50,000) would allow Home Supervision to accept 15
additional referrals. The Home Supervision Program has served the County of Contra Costa
for eight years. Home Supervision staff meet with clients daily, and make visits to clients'
schools two to three times per week. If a juvenile is in violation of the conditions of Home
Supervision, he or she will be located and will be brought to court, and may be violated and
booked into Juvenile Hall. Conditions under which a youth may fail the program include a
dirty drug test(where drug testing has been requested by the court),commission of a new
offense, or parental request to have the youth placed in custody. Discretion is used when
determining appropriate consequences for a violation of Home Supervision rules; when a
violation occurs, the program will consider the history of the youth and the type of
violation. There is no follow-up procedure after a youth has completed Home Supervision.
Program effectiveness is determined by the percentage of clients who violate the conditions
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 3
' of the program and are subsequently sent to Juvenile Hall, and it is also evaluated by the
incidence of new charges amongst the Home Supervision population.
1 Contra Costa County Probation Department
Electronic Monitoring Program
202 Glacier Drive
Martinez, CA
646-4899
Contact: Carl Ackerley
The Juvenile Electronic Monitoring Program(JEM) is an option for minors who have an
authorization for a Home Supervision release but are in need of a higher level of
supervision. While on Electronic Monitoring a juvenile attends school and if appropriate
may attend counseling, and other support services. Youth are monitored electronically 24
hours a day and in-person contact with supervision staff occurs on a daily basis at home and
at the juvenile's school. With the exception of the authorized activities mentioned above,
the juvenile is not permitted to go further than 30 yards from his or her monitor. The
monitoring system allows the Probation Department to know if a juvenile arrives and leaves
pre-approved destinations when she or he is supposed to. JEM is open to all juvenile
offenders except those with a pending 707(b) offense (felony rape, armed robbery,
possession/sale of drugs, predatory sexual offense,arson, use of a firearm in the commission
of a crime, felony assault charges, murder,or attempted murder). JEM does accept clients
with a history of violence. A juvenile may be placed on Electronic Monitoring if requested
by the intake probation officer prior to or after the detention hearing. Participation may
also be ordered by the sentencing judge. Parents of the offender may also request JEM in
court, and the decision to place the juvenile on Electronic Monitoring will again be at the
discretion of the judge. Juvenile Electronic Monitoring is willing to accept offenders returning
' from Juvenile Hall or a CYA facility, and estimates that 8% of participants are
probationers released from Orin Allen Youth Facility. During a juvenile's participation in
JEM, the program is required to report to the probation officer if the juvenile violates the
conditions of monitoring, or at the end of the monitoring period. JEM communicates with the
1 court, and will also report incidents of violation to the court. The Juvenile Electronic
Monitoring Program has been serving the County of Contra Costa since October of 1995.
Currently, two pre-sentenced juveniles and ten post-sentenced juveniles are participating in
JEM. The maximum number of clients that the program can serve is 20. Approximately 85%
of clients are male; 15% are female. Between the inception of the program (10/25/95) and
2/6/96, a total of 37 clients have been served by the program. JEM does not charge clients
for participation in the program, though a small (33 cents per day) charge for the calls to
Martinez placed automatically by the monitor set will be incurred by the participant.
Families do sign a liability for the equipment, which is valued at up to $3,000. During the
month surveyed, Electronic Monitoring had an atypically low average daily population of 7,
which caused the cost per client per day to be estimated at$45. During the coming year, cost
' per client per day is expected to drop to $16. Typically, there is no waiting list for
participation on JEM, with the exception of times when monitors are not available due to
malfunction (currently JEM is experiencing a 15% breakdown rate). Due to equipment
limitations, the Juvenile Electronic Monitoring Program does not believe it could accept
additional criminal justice referrals at the present time. An increase in staff of one group
counselor, level III ($50,000) and 15 additional electronic monitors ($2,500 each) would
enable the program to accept 15 additional referrals. The average length of participation in
Electronic Monitoring is 25 days, though actual length of participation spans from 4 to 90
days. Contact with the juveniles on Electronic Monitoring occurs daily, and if it is found
that a juvenile is not at the authorized location at any point in the day, a probation officer
will locate them and file a report of violation with a subsequent court appointment. If the
' offender fails to appear for the court appointment a warrant for their arrest will be issued.
A youth who drops out of JEM will be terminated from the program and a judge will remand
the youth to Juvenile Hall or will resentence the individual to another program. Juvenile
Electronic Monitoring intends to develop a procedure for follow-up on individuals who have
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 4
completed the program. Criteria for program failure include intentional damage of the
monitor; problems in the home, especially request by the parents that the juvenile be
arrested; or a refusal to follow the rules of the contract. Commission of a crime will cause
' automatic removal from the program. Effectiveness of the Electronic Monitoring Program is
determined by budget savings, as well as whether new crimes are being committed by the
program participants. The program supervisor evaluates the program on a monthly basis.
Contra Costa County Probation Department
Juvenile Community Service Program
202 Glacier Drive
Martinez, CA
646-4725
Contact: Kent Wolfes .
Operated by the Probation Department, the Juvenile Community Services Program provides
juvenile offenders with the opportunity to repay their community through constructive labor
' by working for non-profit agencies while being supervised by probation counselors. Eligible
juveniles are between the ages of 13 and 18,and are ordered by the court or referred
informally by the Probation Department to participate in the program. Virtually no
offenders are excluded from participation in the program due to the fact that participants
are supervised throughout their entire work day. The Juvenile Community Service Program
does accept clients with a history of violence. Clients are referred to the work program
after they have committed a law violation and it has been determined that an informal
referral or a court order is needed. All of the participants in the Community Service
Program are there as a condition of probation, and the program is willing to accept returnees
from Juvenile Hall and/or a CYA facility. Because its participants are on probation, the
Community Service Program is required to report to probation officers and the court on a
' routine basis. Although 90 juveniles are currently enrolled in the program, this number
reflects the fact that the program overbooks in order to compensate for excused and unexcused
absences. The actual limit to the number of clients the program may serve at one time is 67.
In 1995 the Juvenile Community Service Project served 984 clients. An average of 90% of
participants are male; 10% are female. The Community Service Program charges clients a
flat fee of $25, which may be worked off if an individual is unable to pay. Currently, 30
youth are awaiting placement in the program; the average waiting time is between three
and four weeks. Cost per client is estimated at $264. At its present capacity, the program
' would not be able to accept additional criminal justice referrals unless given additional
funding for staff and equipment, specifically, a half-time probation counselor ($25,000), a
van ($15,000), tools, safety equipment and vests. If the program received the necessary
staff, vehicle, and equipment expansion,Juvenile Community Service could accept 150 new
referrals per year. Juvenile Community Service has been serving the County of Contra Costa
for 25 years. Program length varies, from 3 to 27 days, with client contacts occurring on
Saturday and Sunday. If an individual fails to appear for the program, follow-up occurs by
' telephone, and by mail, and a court appearance will be scheduled if necessary. Dropping out
of the program will also warrant a mandatory court hearing. There is no procedure for
follow-up after an individual completes the Community Service Program. Criteria for
program failure include poor attendance, drug use, violence, failure to follow staff
instructions,or a refusal to work. Program effectiveness is determined by the number of
youth who successfully complete the program (current rate of completion is 82%). The
program has not recently been evaluated.
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 5
West Contra Costa Youth Service Bureau
YouthFirst Program
263 S. 20th Street
Richmond,CA
215-4670
Contact: Taalia Hasan
The YouthFirst Program provides coordinated planning, case management and transition
services for incarcerated youth who will be returning to the community. Participants in the
program must have had recent residency in a juvenile facility and be residents of West
' County. The program does accept clients with a history of violence. Referrals to the
program are made by Probation staff soon after the youth enters the Orin Allen Youth
Rehabilitation Facility. Currently 38 youth are enrolled in the program; the maximum
number of clients that may be served at one time is 55. For the year of 1995, YouthFirst
served a total of clients. All clients of the program are male. Program cost is $1,760 per
client. The program would accept additional juvenile justice clients; specifically YouthFirst
would like to expand its services to female offenders. To expand program capacity beyond 55
would require additional facility space, staff, and operational costs. Program length varies
from three to six months , and contact with clients occurs once weekly. If a client fails to
appear, the YouthFirst staff will attempt to locate the youth at his school or home. If a
client drops out of the program, parents, probation officer and the youth will be contacted.
' Procedure for follow-up after program completion includes telephone contact to the client and
his family and invitations to special events at the Youth Services Bureau. Program
effectiveness is determined by client recidivism rates. The program is currently being
evaluated.
Social Services
Independent Living Skills
' 40 Muir Road
Martinez, CA 94533
313-7784
Contact: Timothy Hamp
' Independent Living Skills teaches life skills to youth to prepare them for college,
employment,and adult-hood. They offer courses and workshops designed to build self-
esteem,' participation in mentor programs, tutoring, parenting and sexual responsibility classes, and also offer assistance in seeking employment. Independent Living Skills services
youth in foster care who are between the ages of 16 and 19. ILS is not equipped to service
youth who have severe mental disabilities or severe behavioral problems. Whether an
applicant with a history of violence will be accepted into the program depends on their
specific back-ground. After a youth turns 16, a referral may be made to ILS by either a
social worker or a probation officer, at which point staff from the program will go to the
youth and do an individual assessment to determine whether the youth is appropriate for
' the program. Independent Living Skills would accept returnees from Juvenile Hall or a CYA
facility, but would not accept offenders returning from State Prison or the County Jail.
Currently, 50 clients are participating in ILS. A maximum of 30 individuals may participate
in any workshop given by Independent Living Skills,but there is no limit to the number of
clients who may be enrolled in the program itself at any one time. Practically speaking, 60
clients could receive services from ILS in the course of one month. There is no waiting list for
the program. Participation is entirely voluntary, but ILS would be willing to accept referrals
' of youth on probation if they were court-ordered to participate as part of a larger treatment
program. ILS has served the county of Contra Costa for over three years. The cost per unit
of service is $2,012 per client. Significant expansion would require hiring two to three
additional full-time staff. Length of involvement with the program is typically from one to
' one and a half years. ILS workshops and classes usually run concurrently with the school
year, September-June. Frequency of contact with clients varies, depending on the scheduling
of workshops and classes and staff availability. Typically, contact with a client occurs one
to two times per month. If a youth fails to attend a scheduled course or workshop, staff will
' Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 6
attempt to contact him or her and encourage their return. The same procedure applies in the
instance of an individual who drops out of the program; calls are made to the youth or to
his or her group home. Follow-up with youth who have finished their participation in
Independent Living Skills is usually informal; clients call in to give their whereabouts.
There are no established program failure criteria. Program effectiveness is determined by
the number of participants who achieve the goals of graduation, and attaining employment.
Evaluation is possible through self-reporting from youth who stay in contact with ILS
following graduation from the program.
Contra Costa County Social Services
Family Preservation
313-1588
Contact: Steve Peavler
Family Preservation is a collaborative model between the Social Services Department and
the Juvenile Probation Department, providing intervention services to families where
placement in foster care is imminent. Through Family Preservation, a social worker goes
into the family's home for four to six weeks in an effort to elicit change that will prevent
the juvenile from having to be placed in foster care or a group home. For a youth to be
eligible for Family Preservation, a petition needs to be filed in the court and placement
needs to be imminent. The client must be under 18 years of age. Generally, youth who have
already gone through the child welfare system and have accumulated criminal offenses will
not be serviced by Family Preservation but will instead be referred to another organization
in the community, or will be placed outside the home. Family Preservation prefers not to do
a second intervention with a family. The process of involvement with Family Preservation
begins when a juvenile has committed a crime. At the dispositional hearing the court
adjudicates the minor as a ward of the court and then issues a suspended placement order,
giving the referral to Family Preservation. The County contracts with Families First,
' which is the community-based organization that provides therapists and delineates
problems in each family that need to be addressed. The goal of the counseling offered by
Families First is to assure that the youth will not commit another offense and get re-
arrested, allowing the family to stay intact. Family Preservation will serve clients
returning from State Prison, County Jail, Juvenile Hall, or a CYA facility. No clients of
Family Preservation are in the program as a condition of probation or parole, since the
program is voluntary. The program has offered services to East, West, and Central Contra
Costa County for over three years. Between twelve and fifteen families are served by
Family Preservation at any one time; this is the maximum number of clients that the
program may serve. In 1995 approximately 200 families received services from the program.
Because Family Preservation serves the entire family of a juvenile offender, it is difficult to
present a percentage of clients broken down by gender. The program does, however, service a
large number of single-mother households. No fees are charged for the services. There is
sometimes a waiting list of one or two families, and the average wait is now two weeks.
' Cost per unit of service is estimated at $5,000 per family. At the present time, Family
Preservation is working at full capacity and is not in a position to accept additional
criminal justice referrals. Program length ranges from four to six weeks per family, although
aftercare may follow, lasting up to a year. Contact with clients occurs as needed, possibly
' daily, though more typically it occurs three to four times per week. Family Preservation
does follow up if a family drops out of the program particularly because this would signal
possible serious issues of safety for the child, and might influence the probability that he or
she will be placed out of the home. In the follow-up process it might be deemed that an
aftercare contract is necessary; a family might do additional home intervention, or the
family might be asked to come into the program's offices for services. Services to a family
may be discontinued if there is a threat of violence toward a counselor or a member of the
family, or if there is obvious drug use in the home, in which case service might be postponed
until the individual placed him or herself in drug treatment. A new charge of significant
child abuse would also cause termination of participation in the program. Program
effectiveness is determined by whether or not the juvenile is eventually placed into foster
' Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 7
care or a group home, or the family remains intact. Recent evaluations show that 16% of
youth referred to Family Preservation by Probation eventually end up in placement, and 24%
of youth referred through Social Services eventually were placed outside the home.
Youthbuild
330 25th Street
Richmond,CA 94804
307-8020
Contact:Jonathan Dumas
Youthbuild provides academic and vocational services to young adults who are at-risk.
Through Youthbuild, clients may earn credits toward their GED, and may also learn such
skills as carpentry, plumbing, electrical wiring, and painting. Participants in the program
' renovate low-income housing units in Richmond,and also redevelop properties owned by non-
profit organizations. On the job, participants are supervised by licensed general contractors.
Youthbuild also provides job placement assistance and helps to involve clients in certified
job training programs. Clients attend the program 40 hours per week, alternating each week
of work at a construction site with one week of volunteer work at a nonprofit/ community-
based organization. Clients served by Youthbuild are 17 to 24-year old men and women who
are economically disadvantaged. All participants face barriers to employment. In general,
' clients with a history of violence are not accepted into Youthbuild. After an individual is
referred to Youthbuild, he or she participates in an orientation session and applies to the
program by giving information about his or her income level, housing situation, and
educational background. The applicant will also write an essay on their current life and
explain why they believe they should be a participant in Youthbuild. Applicants are then
interviewed by Youthbuild staff and if accepted enter a 30day trial period. Youthbuild will
accept offenders returning from State Prison, County Jail, Juvenile Hall, or a CYA facility.
' Currently, two individuals are fulfilling probation mandates by participating in Youthbuild.
For clients on probation, Youthbuild is required to contact the probation officer if a client is
late or does not show up for work. Currently, 29 clients are working for Youthbuild; 26
adults and 3 juveniles. For the year of 1995, Youthbuild served a total of 35 individuals, and
' the maximum number that may be served at any one time is 30. Between one-third and one-
half of the clients served by the program are female. Youthbuild pays stipends to
participants who are successful within the program; stipends range from$100 to $500 per
month. Youthbuild does have a waiting list. Currently, 10 individuals are waiting for
openings in the program. Waiting time varies, and may be up to a year. The County recently
funded 15 additional slots at Youthbuild at a cost of $6,900 per slot (this assumes
additional support from HUD). (Program estimated cost per client at $21,000 per year.) In
' 1996, 15 slots will be added to the program through the federal OJJDP SafeFutures grant to
Contra Costa County and Youthbuild will be able to accept additional criminal justice
referrals. Youthbuild serves West Contra Costa County. Length of involvement with
Youthbuild varies from six months to two years, though the program is currently structured
to serve clients for one year. Contact with clients occurs on a daily basis. If a client fails to
show up for work, he or she may receive a suspension of their stipend or may be suspended
from program activities but must continue his or her volunteer employment. If an individual
drops out of Youthbuild, the case manager will contact him or her and try to find out what
issues influenced the client's decision to quit. For this population,job placement may not
mark the end of clients' needs; additional issues often present themselves after employment,
and in particular clients may need counseling at some point following graduation from the
' program. Program failure criteria include possession/use of drugs or weapons,violence
towards other clients or towards staff, or sexual harassment of others. Program effectiveness
is determined by clients' ability to achieve academic objectives for high school completion
and ability to become employed. Youthbuild has not been evaluated.
' Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 8
Youth Services Richmond
Gateway Project
4905 Central Avenue Suite 300
Richmond,CA 94803-5803
559-5550
Contact: Gail Werblin
The Gateway Project works primarily in school settings offering individual and group
counseling, after-school recreation, and other support services such as case management, crisis
intervention, and family support services. Clients served by the program are students at
' West County elementary and middle schools, specifically Dover, Downer, Highland, King,
Nystrom, Peres, Coronado, and Lincoln Elementary Schools, and all five middle schools in
the area. Students.referred to Gateway may have problems with fighting or other behavior
problems, issues with loss,grief,or depression,academic problems, be suspected victims of
sexual or physical violence in the home, or have been victims or witnesses to violent crimes.
Juvenile offenders, if they are referred to Gateway, are not referred or known as such.
School records and court records for the participating students are not available to Gateway.
Clients with a history of violence are accepted into the program; all students are accepted
based on a need for counseling. Referrals are made by parents,counselors,school
administrators, or students themselves. As long as the youth are able to participate
appropriately in a school-based program, Gateway would accept returnees from State Prison,
County Jail, Juvenile Hall, or a CYA facility. None of the clients currently involved with
Gateway are in the program as a condition of probation. Gateway is willing to accept such
referrals if the program is made aware of the formal agreement between the client and his
or her parole or probation officer. Gateway has served West Contra Costa County since
' 1987. Currently, between 300 and 400 students are involved in individual or group activities
through Gateway. This is their estimated maximum capacity. Gateway typically employs
eight counselors to work with clients in group and individual counseling, for a maximum
' caseload of 50 per staff person. Program activities run concurrently with the school year. A
cost per unit of service was not available for this program. Gateway charges no service fees.
In the recreational programs participants are approximately 50% female and 50% male.
The counseling programs run approximately 60% male and 40% female. Though the program
is currently functioning at capacity, it would be willing to accept additional referrals if
additional resources were allowed for the hiring of more staff. Typically a student's length
of involvement with the program is two years, during which time contact occurs once a week
for students involved in counseling and two times per week for those attending recreational
programs. If a student is consistently absent, an attempt is made to contact the parent or the
school and encourage the child to return to the program. Similarly, if an individual were to
drop from the program,encouragement to return would be provided,though there would not
be a formal follow-up. For students who complete the program, follow-up is an informal
check-in during the following school year,depending on the severity of need. There is no
program failure criterion for the Gateway Program; a child who acted out violently, for
example, might receive a change in services that would reflect her or his needs but the
client would not be refused services by the program. Program effectiveness is determined by
surveys and self-reports by the clients.
' Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 9
' Pleasant Hill Police Department
Youth Services Bureau Division
330 Civic Drive
' Pleasant Hill, CA
671-4600
Contact: Decky Thornton
The Pleasant Hill Police Diversion Program provides youth with tutoring, drug programs,
workshops, counseling, work detail, assistance in job searches, and physical check-ups.
Eligible youth are first-time offenders who are charged with non-violent crimes.
Occasionally youth charged with less serious felonies are accepted into diversion.
Approximately two-thirds of youth served are male, and one-third are female. Youth
charged with violent felonies, felony hit-and-runs, or assaults that caused sustained injuries
are excluded from the program. A profile of the typical youth served by Pleasant Hill
Diversion is a 14 to 15 year-old male charged with assault or a property offense. Referrals
to the Diversion Program are typically made by parents, schools, or through the arresting
officer,but can be made by anyone in the community. Maximum capacity of the program is
' 32 youth; 32 are currently being served, including 5 youth who are runaways. In 1995, a total
of 167 youth participated in the program. Typically, there is a waiting list of one to three
weeks. Approximately 66% of youth served are male; 33% are female. Clients are not
charged fees for the services provided, unless they attend-a workshop where a fee is
attached. In this case, scholarships are available for those unable to pay. Cost to the
program per client is estimated at $45 to $50. The Youth Services Bureau officials do not
believe that the program could accept additional criminal justice referrals at this time. The
' program would need an additional juvenile specialist hired on a full-time basis in order to
accept more clients. Pleasant Hill estimates that an additional employee would allow
them to do more programs and also to hold office hours at the schools in the Pleasant Hill
community. The average length of the diversion program is three months, although each
contract is tailored to the individual client, and completion of the program depends on how
long a youth takes to finish his work detail. Contact with clients varies from once per week
to twice per month. Youth who fail to show up will be assigned additional work details
following contact with an officer and possibly a court appointment. Those clients who drop
' out of the program are referred back to probation. Criteria for program failure include
failure to complete a project, being charged with a new offense, or a failed drug test, if this
was a part of their original mandate from the court. Program effectiveness is determined by
' recidivism rates among youth who have completed the diversion program. The program has
not been recently evaluated.
' Concord Police Department
Juvenile Diversion
1950 Parkside Drive
Concord,CA 94519
671-3020
Contact: Sergeant Keith Whitaker
The Concord Police Department Juvenile Diversion Program provides work detail and
workshops on petty theft and violence, drug and alcohol awareness, and graffiti/vandalism.
Youth eligible for the program are those charged with non-violent misdemeanor crimes. The
stated intent of the program is to work closely with the parents of the youth involved in
order to solve the overall problem. If the youth has committed an offense in the past, the
Police Department will usually refer the case to juvenile probation. Youth excluded from
diversion include those who are charged with a crime against their parent(s), or are
charged with a violent crime. The Concord Police Department states that it is very flexible
' in determining eligibility, and may accept second-time offenders if they are found
appropriate for diversion. Youth are typically referred to diversion through the School
Attendance Review Board (in the case of truancy ) or the school may refer a youth to
diversion because of an alcohol-related offense. In the case of a misdemeanor charge, the
' Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 10
' referral is made by the investigating officer. Subsequent to the referral, an assessment is
completed with the parents, either in person or by phone. The Concord Diversion Program
accepts non-violent offenders returning from either Juvenile Hall or a CYA facility.
Currently, 19 youth are participating in diversion. The program accepts up to 18 youth at one
time. In 1995, approximately 350 youth completed diversion. Approximately 70% of clients
are male, and 30% female. Typically, there is no waiting list for the program, beyond the
' wait for classes to start. Clients are charged $20 for participation in the work detail
program, and $30 each for participation in workshops. Fees are waived for any client
unable to pay for services. The cost to the program, per youth, is estimated at$50. The
Concord Diversion Program estimates that it would not be possible for them to accept
' additional criminal justice referrals. Participation in the diversion program lasts a month
at most, with contact occurring on a weekly basis for work detail, and two to three times per
week if a client participates in workshops. If a youth fails to show up for the diversion
program, he or she will be contacted by an officer who will determine why the client failed
' to appear. Criteria for program failure include lack of desire to cooperate with staff,
insubordination, failure to comply with safety regulations,or suspicion of drug use. Program
effectiveness is determined by recidivism rates among youth who have completed diversion.
' Effectiveness is also indicatedby the program's ability to offer an alternative to Juvenile
Hall to youth and their parents. The Concord Diversion Program has not recently been
evaluated.
' Brentwood Diversion Program
Youth and Family Services
50 Sand Creek Road
Brentwood,CA
634-6931
Contact: Rhonda Lawrence
' The Brentwood Youth and Family Services Diversion Program provides services to first-time
juvenile offenders not charged with violent offenses, use of a weapon, or sexual assault.
Services include victim restitution,counseling and / or parenting groups,tutoring,and
' community work. Participants are typically between the ages of 13 and 18, although the
program has served clients as young as 8. Some second-time offenders are eligible if the
current offense is not more serious than prior offenses. An attempt is made to develop a
holistic picture of the child and his/her family, their friends, any substance abuse
involvement in the family, etc., and generate individually appropriate contracts for each
client based on their circumstances. Youth become involved with the diversion program by
referrals from the Contra Costa County Sheriffs Department, the fire district, or the local
police departments. Initially, participants (accompanied by their parent or legal guardian)
face a panel comprised of a family counselor, a juvenile probation officer, and a juvenile
police officer or a sheriffs deputy. The panel evaluates which services are appropriate for
the juvenile's contract in diversion. Brentwood Diversion officials state that they would
accept non-violent offenders from Juvenile Hall or a CYA facility, and though they do not
currently have clients who are on probation, they would consider accepting clients who were
referred to diversion as a condition of their probation. Program capacity is 87 juveniles.
Currently, 80 youth are being served by the program, and approximately 350 were served in
1995. Typically, 15 youth are on a waiting list, and will wait two weeks to two months to
begin participation in diversion. Of the clients served, 47% are male; 53% percent are
female. At intake, clients are charged $30, and thereafter, fees are on a sliding scale basis;
group counseling sessions range from$5 to$15,and individual counseling consultations range
from $30 to $60. Brentwood Diversion will waive fees if a family is unable to pay for
services. Costs to the program per client/family served are $431. At the time of the survey,
the Brentwood Diversion Program was able to accept several additional criminal justice
referrals. Significant expansion of the program would need an additional full or part-time
staff person. Brentwood Diversion has been serving East County communities since 1978.
Program length is six months, during which time contact with clients occurs at least once per
week. If a client fails to show up for the program he or she is contacted, and if the failure
' Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 11
' to show occurs a second time, the youth will be referred back to the referring agency or to
Probation. After an individual completes the diversion program, the family counselor will
contact parents for follow-up. Finally, a form letter is sent to the referring agency to notify
' them of successful completion of the program. Program effectiveness is determined by
recidivism, as well as clients' school attendance and grade reports. The program has not
recently been evaluated.
Children's Home Society of California
Sherman House
2025 Sherman Drive
Pleasant Hill, CA 94523
825-1707
Contact: Steve Eastman
Sherman House is a residential group home for court-placed wards (602 offenders). The
purpose of the program is family reunification through counseling. While at Sherman
House, juveniles are schooled.through the Mt. Diablo School District, and provided with
food, clothing, and recreational activities. Juveniles are taken to special schools when
appropriate. Clients served by Sherman House are boys and girls ages 13 to 17. Clients must
be ambulatory, and must show willingness to participate in the program. A youth may be
' excluded from participation in Sherman House if charged with using a weapon during the
commission of a crime,a serious violent offense,or murder. Sherman House does accept
clients with a history of violence. Offenders are referred to Sherman House if Probation
deems them appropriate for the program. Subsequent to the initial referral, the program
' director will also screen youth, after which point they will be accepted into residence in the
program. Sherman House does take non_violent offenders returning from Juvenile Hall or a
CYA facility. All of the juveniles in residence at Sherman House are there as a condition of
probation. Sherman House has been functioning as a residential group home for three and a
' half years, serving primarily Central and East Contra Costa County, but also accepting
referrals from West County. (Because of the location of Sherman House, it is often difficult
for parents of juveniles from West County to arrange transportation to counseling sessions at
' Sherman House.) Currently, five juveniles are residing at Sherman House, and bed capacity
is six. The facility served 31 clients in 1995. Typically, 65% of juveniles in residence are
male, and 35% are female. The program does not usually have a waiting list. Cost per
client is estimated at $11,290 per juvenile. Generally, Sherman House could accept a 10%
increase in referrals, though expansion beyond 10% would necessitate beds,rooms, an
additional full-time staff person, and an increase in operational costs in accordance with
greater needs for food, medical and dental care, clothing, etc. Sherman House estimates
that to increase the bed capacity by four (making the maximum program capacity ten), the
program would need one staff person at a cost of$21,450 per year, and approximately
$15,890 per year to offset additional operating costs mentioned above. Capital costs to
expand facility space are estimated at $100,000. Program length is 90 days, during which
' time contact with clients is constant. If a juvenile runs away from Sherman House, the
facility will alert law enforcement and will also notify the juvenile's probation officer.
After the youth has returned, it will be deter-mined whether or not she or he is likely to
run away again. If so, the youth will be taken to Juvenile Hall. Program failure criteria
' include violence toward staff or other residents, or damaging property. A probation officer
has discretion to remove a ward from Sherman House if it is evident that the program is not
effective for that child. In such an instance, the youth would be transferred to foster care or
' to a group home that is more long-term oriented. There is no formal procedure for follow-up
after an individual has completed the program at Sherman House. Program effectiveness is
rated by the percentage of families that are reunified or the number of juveniles successfully
placed in foster care. Sherman House conducts an evaluation of its program on an annual
basis, and contracts an individual from the Probation Department to evaluate on a bi-annual
basis.
' Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 12
LaCheim School, Inc.
One Bolivar Drive
Berkeley, CA 94710
' 649-1177
Contact: Victor Prada
LaCheim School is a non-public school with augmented mental health day treatment
services and residential facilities with 18 beds. The agency serves male and female children
and adolescents who have serious emotional disturbances that interfere with their abilities
to benefit from their educations and who are Medi-Cal eligible. Children and adolescents
' who are floridly and actively psychotic or non-ambulatory cannot be served, but those with
violent histories are accepted. Access to LaCheim services is via referral from either
Alameda or Contra Costa County Mental Health that have contracts with the agency or any
Contra Costa County school district. Clients on probation are accepted, and 10 such juveniles
' are currently being served. Reports on these clients are filed with the Department of Social
Services if they have dual status of delinquent/abused or delinquent/mental health.
Potential clients are not excluded for criminal offenses at LaCheim which has served
juvenile offenders since 1974. Static capacity at LaCheim is 148 juveniles; 120 are currently in
the program;and 156 were served in 1995. There is no current waiting list. The gender split
at LaCheim averages 58% males and 42% females. Costs are covered by contracts, and fees
are not charged to clients. Cost for non-public school is $114.80 per day per student. Mental
' health intensive day treatment cost is $94.76 per day per client. LaCheim operates Level 14
(for seriously disturbed adolescents who have failed in numerous other treatment settings)
and Level 12 (for less seriously disturbed adolescents plus those who become emancipated
and step down from Level 14) residential facilities. Residents in the Level 14 facility are
' all AFDC-Foster Care placements referred by either Social Services or Probation. Fees for
Level 14 residential care are set by Community Care licensing at $5,000 per month. Fees for
Level 12 facilities vary, and rates for juvenile offenders who do not have mental health
diagnoses could be negotiated for placement at that level. Additional clients could be
accepted in West and Central County facilities. Additional resources to enrich and expand
existing operations would be needed to expand beyond the current capacity. LaCheim's
program is 220 days in length with daily contact with clients who are phoned, visited at
' home, and/or picked up if they do not show up for service. Probation officers, family
members and other official individuals are notified when students drop out of the program.
Criteria for program failure include on-site arson, assault and battery, weapons, sexual
assault, self mutilations and suicide attempts. Program effectiveness is determined by client
participation, completion of psychosocial and academic requirements, decreased criminal
justice or mental health inpatient recidivism, and moves to lower levels of care or
independent living. Recent program evaluations include special education certification,
' WASC accreditation, and monthly monitoring by contracting agencies.
Oak Grove Crisis Residential and Day Treatment
1034 Oak Grove Road
Concord,CA 94518
827-3857
Contact: Toni Taylor, Program Director
Another community-based program that cannot accommodate additional juvenile justice
referrals provides crisis residential services for boys and girls ages 8-17 with emotional and
family problems needing intensive short-term care and day treatment services for boys and
girls ages 12-17 whose emotional problems require more intensive services than weekly
counseling. Residential children generally stay for one month and day treatment children for
9 to 12 months. Children in both programs attend on-site public school classes and engage in
structured therapeutic activities including assessments; individual, group and family
therapy; and therapeutic recreation. Services are provided through a staff-to-client ratio of
1:2. Residential services are billed at $165 a day for the eight young residents. Medi-Cal is
billed at $140.50 per day for each of the eight residents and the 24 day treatment youth.
Costs for the on-site teachers are covered by the local school district, and the average daily
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 13
attendance dollars for out-of-district residents are transferred from their home districts to
the local one. Since this program cannot accommodate additional justice referrals, additional
similar costs of service, facilities would be required for a new program.
REACH Project-You th(seeREA H Project in Adult t Programs)
New Connections
1760 Clayton Road
Concord,CA 94520
676-1601
Contact: Carl Oddo
New Connection's Juvenile Delinquency Diversion Program provides alcohol and drug
assessment, counseling and treatment services to 10-17-year-old offenders in central Contra
Costa County, including those with histories of violence. Status offenders and mental health
' cases are excluded from the program. Clients are referred from juvenile court or probation,
including those returning from Juvenile Hall and CYA. Sixty juveniles are now receiving
services in the agency as a condition of their probation with routine reports filed with their
probation officers.New Connections has provided services to sentenced offenders for more
' than three years. Twenty-five juveniles are currently being served by the Juvenile
Delinquency Diversion Program which is the maximum client load at one time. Seventy
juveniles were served in 1995; 90% male, 10% female. A fee of$2-30 is charged, but clients
served through New Connections' contract with Contra Costa County Community Substance
' Abuse Services can have the fee waived based on inability to pay. There is no waiting list.
Expansion costs based on annual cost reports would be$34 per unit of service. Without
additional resources, New Connection could not serve additional juvenile justice referrals.
' Additional staff, operating funds and facility space would be needed to expand services.
New Connection's program is open-ended in length but averages 16 weeks. Clients are
contacted once or twice a week.No-shows and drop-outs are contacted by phone as are
program completers for follow-up. Program effectiveness is determined by client behavioral
' outcomes, client satisfaction surveys and probation officer rating of program service. An
evaluation of the program was conducted recently by the program director who is the contact
person. Referrals are made to Family Stress Center, Concord Youth and Family Counseling,
and Child Protective Services. New Connection sees a need for programs for status offenders
and runaways including residential crisis services.
Alcohol and Drug Abuse Council of Contra Costa County, Inc.
171 Mayhew Way
Pleasant Hill, CA 94523
932-8100
' Contact:Judi Marquez
The Alcohol and Drug Abuse Council operates an Alcohol/Drug Offense Program for first
offender DUI and possession convictions. Sixteen-to-18-year-old adolescents are accepted into
the DUI component,and adolescents up to 20 years old for minor in possession of drugs
charges. Clients reside throughout the County and beyond if visiting Contra Costa when
cited for DUI or possession. The ADA Council relies on referring agencies to send them
appropriate clients. These include the courts, probation and schools that require
participating in alcohol and drug classes for re-instatement of drivers licenses. Non-violent
offenders returning from Juvenile Hall and CYA would be accepted. Fifty-to-75% of juveniles
currently being served are there as a condition of probation. Routine reports are filed with
' probation officers, courts, and school officials. The ADA Council has served sentenced
offenders for more than three years. Currently, 25 juveniles are being served;210 were served
in 1995. The maximum number of clients at one time is 25-30. Males constitute 82% of clients,
females 18%. Fee for the two-day series is $100. Waivers are individually assessed with
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 14
the usual resolution being to set up a schedule of payments. There is no waiting list. Since
the ADA Council runs a series of the 12-hour program every month, clients can usually enroll
by the month following their referral. Costs to expand would amount to $8.33 per hour or $50
' per day to cover actual costs of space, instructors and supplies. The ADA Council has the
ability to expand and run another two-day series per month for additional juvenile justice
referrals. With enough new clients per month, a new site could be opened. The program is 12
hours in length and runs on two Saturdays. Client contact occurs on those two days. No-shows
receive phone calls or letters, and referring agencies are often notified. Drop-outs also
receive calls or letters The ADA Council depends upon its referring agencies to conduct
follow-up; records are kept only to determine if clients are repeaters. Criteria for program
' failure include violent behavior, uncooperative behavior that disrupts classes, arriving
under the influence, failure to attend, and failure to pay program fee. Program effectiveness
is determined by client evaluation and repeat offender statistics. Referrals are made to New
Connections, San Ramon Valley Discovery Center,New Bridge, Thunder Road and The
' Camp.The ADA Council recommends programs for run-aways,truancy offenders and non-
violent offenders. Enhancements to local alternatives include standardized forms to reduce
paperwork,an MIS between the County and community-based organizations, adequate
funding,and a sentencing assessment unit.
San Ramon Valley Discovery Center
530 La Gonda Way
Danville, CA 94526
837-0505
Contact: Theresa Wildt
SRVDC recently launched a "deferment from court proceedings" program for 14-18-year-olds
cited by local police departments for unlawful activity. Juveniles with violent histories are
not accepted, but non-violent ones from Juvenile Hall or CYA might be if appropriate for the
groups that constitute the program. The eight-week group for eight individuals at any one
time began in 1995 with funding from a local civic organization. Thus far the gender break-
down has been 80% males and 20% females. There are about 10 juveniles on the waiting list
with average wait time of one to two months. Additional space and staff would be necessary
to accept appropriate South County and San Ramon Valley residents referred from the
juvenile justice system. The eight-week program provides one contact per week with clients.
No-shows and drop-outs receive phone calls.There is no procedure for follow-up nor criteria
' for program failure. Program effectiveness is determined by communications with referral
sources regarding progress of clients,data collected on presenting problems and demographics,
recidivism rates among clients, pre and post questionnaires, and clinical evaluations of
' change. Referrals are made primarily to New Connections. More drug diversion and substance
abuse treatment programs are needed in South County, according to SRVDC officials.
' ACE Program
Delta High School
Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facility
427-8662
' Contact: Barbara Cohen
A version of the Contra Costa County Office of Education's DEUCE program modified for
' adolescents is the ACE (Adolescent Counseling Education) program operated at Delta High
School, the community school for students at Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facility. The
program is offered during two periods each day for 10 weeks. Ideally, a probation officer
joins the ACE teacher once a week for a joint session and also runs two evening support groups
per week. However, there has been little involvement by the Probation Department in recent
months.The ACE curriculum presents substance abuse education with a heavy emphasis on
dealing with anger and all of its manifestations, including substance abuse as a self-
destructive behavior. The program also deals with sexuality issues and some parenting
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 15
' skills since many of its students have already fathered children. There is considerable
discussion about the difference between being a good father and a "babymaker." Prior to a
recent decision that doing so constituted bribery of the students,a token economy awarding
' bonus points was used to reinforce students when they used the skills they learned in ACE to
resolve differences positively. Youth who have been sentenced to ORYRF for at least six
months are eligible for ACE. In general, they are referred by Court orders based on a history
of personal substance abuse,drug dealing or family substance abuse.The only grounds for
exclusion are being so overly disruptive as to impede the progress of the group. The preferred
size for an ACE group is 10-12,but increasing Court referrals have pushed class size up to 18-
20, a size that risks the group being ineffective. Although initially hesitant, most young
men come to appreciate the class and are often reluctant to leave. There is always a waiting
list. ACE succeeds in helping its students learn how to select the best option while they are
in the controlled environment of OAYRF. When there are few temptations, they find it easy
to make wise choices. However, when they complete the program and leave the facility,
' they go back into communities and face situations with little support for positive choices.
Twelve-step meetings and youth groups work for a few ACE graduates,but as often as not
they also become habitats for renewed drug using,drinking and drug dealing. According to
the ACE teacher, none of the existing community-based youth treatment programs operate
from the kind of behavioralistic model that is necessary with offender youth. The programs
are generally not equipped to deal with youth who do not have middle-class backgrounds or
are not cognitively intact. While Kaiser offers a highly structured adolescent program, it is
' limited to those who are both Kaiser members and have strong family support systems
committed to the treatment. Given these situations, ACE service providers believe that an
essential option to community-based punishment is the establishment of a solid ACE
aftercare program. Ideally, ACE aftercare would be provided through multi-service centers
that included community schools for at least the first year after release from OAYRF. Sited
in easily accessible locations, the school would run treatment groups with random drug
testing and have vocational services that helped youth obtain meaningful employment. Jobs
' are the keys to boosting realistic self-esteem and to having money that is too easily
available through drug dealing. Vocational counselors would monitor students on the job and
bring back the observed issues and concerns for discussion in treatment groups. The multi-
service center would have drop-in recreational opportunities including meaningful outings
that broaden the horizons of ACE students beyond their limited and usually deprived
neighborhoods. Only after a year in this intensively structured environment would ACE
students be phased back into their mainstream schools or GED classes or vocational
programs-
AppendixC:Justice System Programs Survey Page 16
' ADULT PROGRAMS
Contra Costa County Probation Department
Adult Probation
50 Douglas
Martinez, CA 94553
374-3050
Contact: Barbara Mowry
The Adult Probation Department provides convicted felons with face-to-face contact or
' computer assisted supervision with a probation department deputy, assessesment of
offenders' needs, and serves as collectors for the fines and restitution that offenders are
required to make. Offenders served by probation are women and men who have committed a
felony crime and whose statute allows them to be referred to probation by the court. An
offender may be excluded from eligibility for probation. First-degree murderers, for example,
will not be referred to probation, nor will offenders who committed crimes while armed and
left a victim wounded. In short, any criminal determined to pose a severe threat to the
' community or any felon with various past violent convictions will not be placed on probation.
Probation does accept clients with a history of violence. After being placed on probation,
initial contact is made with the felon, where the terms and conditions of probation are made
clear. (Terms of the probation agreement include no possession of firearms or drugs;offender
must notify probation when he or she moves or changes phone numbers,and he or she must
seek and maintain employment.)Non-violent offenders returning from state prison would be
accepted onto probation if they had a formal probation case, but would not be eligible as
parolees. Currently, 4,313 adults are on probation. Between 4,000 and 4,100 were served in
t 1995. Probation does not have a strict limit on the number of offenders it may serve at one
time, though current caseloads are well beyond what is set as the ideal number per deputy.
Probation estimates that the caseload maximum, for services to be effective, must remain at
or under 3,111 clinets. In regular supervision, 1,842 felony probationers are being monitored
by 12.5 deputies; resulting caseload is approximately 148 cases per deputy. Probation staff
estimate the caseload maximum for adequate supervision for regular probation is 120 per
deputy. For all adult probation programs, including Computer Assisted Probation Services
' (CAPS), auto theft, placement, and regular supervision, the overall average caseload is 233
per deputy. Adequate ratios of deputies to probationers for these programs vary, but all are
currently functioning well beyond what Probation representatives consider to be maximum
caseloads. (CAPS deputies, for example, have an average caseload of 773; nearly twice the
' ideal caseload of 375 for CAPS that would provide adequate coverage. The breakdown for
probation clients along gender lines is approximately 25-30% female; 65-70% male. The cost
per client is estimated at $338. The Adult Division could accept additional criminal justice
' referrals, though services to clients would diminish,proportionate to the increase in
caseload. An expansion past 5,000 clients would necessitate an increase in full-time staff.
Typically, an offender will be placed on probation for two to five years, with the average
being three years. Contact with clients varies; face-to-face contact is decreased as the
offender stabilizes. Approximately 80% of the adult probation caseload is on Computer
Assisted Probation Services at any time. Clients may be seen anywhere between two to
three times per week, to once every two months, with the average being once per month.
Offenders both go to the Probation Department for appointments with deputies, and also are
visited by the deputies. If an individual fails to appear for a meeting with probation, a
deputy will attempt to contact the client by phone, through her or his relatives, or by mail.
Generally, 30 days are allowed for the client to re-establish contact, at which time he or
' she is violated and brought back to court, where it is decided whether or not the client will
be placed in custody. There is no procedure for follow-up once an individual has completed
his or her time with probation. Program failure criteria include a series of dirty drug tests,
a new arrest or new law violation, absconding or failing to appear for consecutive
appointments,or possession of contraband such as drugs or firearms. Clients may also be
removed from probation for failing to make restitution or payments when it is known that
r
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 17
' they are financially able to do so, and also for violating a restraining order against contact
with a victim or victim's family member. The Adult Division has not recently been
evaluated.
'. Contra Costa County Sheriffs Office
Work Alternative Program
' Custody Alternative Bureau
900 Thompson Street
Martinez, CA 94553-1749
646-1369
Contact: Lieutenant Larry Crompton
Through the Work Alternative Program (WAP), inmates are supervised at work sites such
as municipal public works departments,County agencies,community colleges,community-
based organizations, parks departments, and State agencies. Offenders eligible for the
program are men and women who are mentally and physically able to work and have a
sentence of 45 days or less if referred from court, or at least ten days remaining on their
' sentence if the individual is in-custody. Individuals who are unable to work are placed on
parole for an equivalent number of days. Offenders excluded from the program are those
with violence in their background or who have a history of sales of narcotics. Referrals to
the program are made by the sentencing judge, who may allow an offender to apply for the
Work Alternative Program. An applicant is interviewed, fingerprinted, and will discuss
with the program what days he or she is able to work. Referrals may also come from
inmates in jail who can be released early if they participate successfully in WAP. None of
the clients in WAP are participating as a condition of probation or parole. WAP will accept
clients from State Prison and from the County Jail. Contingent upon a client's background,
WAP might accept a client from prison whose parole requires him to participate in the
program. WAP has served court-ordered participants from the County of Contra Costa for
over five years. Currently, 1500 adults are served by WAP, and approximately 3,601 were
served in 1995. The maximum number of clients that the program may serve at one time is
2,500. Approximately 75% of the participants are male; 25% are female. Fees are charged
for participation in WAP; $100 is the flat fee for the service and in addition clients must
pay $10 per day. The average cost per client is estimated at $336. At present, the Work
Alternative Program could accept at least an additional 1,000 referrals. Program length is
45 days or less, though the average is between 7 and 10 days. WAP does not have contact
with clients except if a problem arises at a work site. If a problem is reported, a staff
' person will visit the work site to check up on the situation. If an individual fails to appear
at the assigned work site, he or she may be forced to go to jail, and will have to re-register
for the program and pay for any days missed. After completion of WAP, participants are
' asked to complete a survey letter evaluating their experience with the program. Program
failure criteria include attitude problems at the work site, failing to show up at work, or
recurring problems with late arrivals at the work site. Program effectiveness is evaluated
by the number of custody days saved per year. In 1995, the Work Alternative Program saved
' a reported 31,331 custody days. WAP has not recently been formally evaluated.
Sheriffs Custody Alternative Bureau
County Parole
900 Thompson Avenue
Martinez, Ca 94553
646-1369
Contact: Lieutenant Larry Crompton
Inmates on the County Parole Program are supervised by three parole deputies from the
Sheriffs Department. Deputies check to make sure that participants are at job sites or other
approved activities. County Parole allows inmates to be employed and live at home rather
than serve time in custody. Anyone at the County Jail who has a minimum of 60 days left to
serve may apply to Parole; out-of-custody offenders may apply if sentenced to 45 days or
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 18
more. No offender is excluded from the program; parole does accept clients with a history of
violence. Clients are referred directly from the courts (if the judge grants the privilege to
apply) or may be in-custody. A three-member Parole Board reviews applications twice
monthly and sets interviews for applicants, who will then appear in person before the
panel. County Parole will accept returnees from State Prison, County Jail, and from Juvenile
Hall or a CYA Facility if the applicant is at least 18 years of age. County Parole has
functioned for over five years,serving Contra Costa and surrounding counties. Currently two
pre-sentenced adults and 51 post-sentenced adults are being served by Parole. The average
daily population is 47. The maximum number of clients that the program could properly
supervise is between 50 to 55. In 1995, County Parole served 161 adults. Approximately 70%
of clients are male; 30% are female. Fees charged for the services include a $100
application fee and thereafter $10 or more per day, set according to the client's wage.
County Parole is required by law to waive fees in a case where a client is not able to pay.
There is no waiting list for participation in parole, though applicants may wait up to two
weeks before the Parole Board meets and decides on an applicant's eligibility. The cost per
unit of service for County Parole is $336 per client. At present, County Parole is close to
functioning at capacity. However, with an additional sworn deputy ($78,000 per year), and
an additional vehicle ($14,000), the program could increase its capacity to 100. Length of
involvement with the program ranges from 60 days to one year, the typical length being
approximately 120 days. Contact with clients occurs at least once per week in the parole
office. If a client fails to show up for an appointment, he or she is located and taken to jail.
An optional survey sheet is the only current method for follow-up after an individual
completes their parole. Program failure criteria include positive drug tests, or a failure to
be where the client is allowed to be. Clients may also violate parole if they refuse to open
their door to officers who have come to the house, or if they are found to possess drugs or
weapons. Program effectiveness is determined by in-custody savings on clothing, meals,
housing, and staffing. This figure is then balanced against the number of individuals who
violate while on parole. For the year of 1995, County Parole saved 17,074 days of custody,
for a total cost savings of $990,292.
Sheriffs Custody Alternative Bureau
Electronic Home Detention
900 Thompson Avenue
Martinez, CA 94553
646-1369
Contact: Lieutenant Larry Crompton
Electronic Home Detention provides twenty-four hour a day supervision to inmates who have
' a sentence of 45 days or more. Being on electronic monitoring allows the offender to be at
home, place of employment, or other approved activities such as counseling during the time
he or she would otherwise be in custody. Involvement with EHD begins when the court
allows an inmate to apply to the program. Subsequent to application an extensive
' background check is conducted, and it is determined whether or not the applying inmate has
the mental capacity to deal with the rules and requirements of the program. If it is found
that an applicant does not have the ability to follow the requirements of EHD, she or he
will be placed on parole. No type of offender is excluded from the program; as long as it is
felt that an individual is compatible to the computerized system of monitoring (they have a
stabilized work schedule), and the individual passes tests for drug use and attitude, he or
she will be placed on EHD. The program does therefore accept clients with a history of
' violence. EHD will accept referrals of returnees from State Prison, County Jail, and CYA
facilities if the latter are over 18 years of age. The Electronic Home Detention Program has
been functioning for over five years, and services the entire county of Contra Costa, as well
as surrounding counties, with whom the County has reciprocal agreements. Currently EHD is
serving three pre-sentenced adults and approximately 100 post-sentenced adults. (Pre-
sentenced Electronic Home Detention works in conjunction with the courts,and is used in lieu
of bail or as a bail enhancement.) The maximum number of individuals that may be placed
on EHD at any one time is 110 (EHD owns 120 monitoring devices, 10 of which are kept for
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey - Page 19
repairs). In 1995 the program served 397 clients. Percentage of clients by gender is
approximately 70% male, 30% female. Clients are charged a fee of $100 for participation in
EHD, as well as a charge of$10 to $50 per day, determined according to income level.
Electronic Home Detention will waive fees based on inability to pay. There is no waiting
list for participation in the program. If there are clients for whom there are no monitors
they are sent to parole. The cost per client is an average of$336. At its present capacity,
EHD could accept approximately seven additional criminal justice referrals but would need
an additional civilian specialist and 25 to 30 additional electronic monitors in order to
accommodate a maximum of 135 clients on Electronic Home Detention. Price for this
expansion would be $54,200 per year for the additional staff member, and $2,500 each for
the additional monitors (approximately $67,500 total) to increase program capacity by 25
slots. Length of involvement with EHD varies from two months to one year, during which
time the computer monitor is in continuous contact with clients, and staff have in person
contact with clients at least once per week. An exit interview is conducted upon completion
of the program. If an individual is found to be in violation of the terms of EHD, she or he
will be brought in to go over the violation with program staff. At that point staff will
decide to give counseling or to give the individual a disciplinary hearing to decide to take
away some of the offender's good/work time or return him or her to custody. Procedure for
follow-up after program completion or after a client drops out of the program is an optional
survey that is returned by mail. Program failure criteria include having a dirty drug test, a
violation of the approved schedule, commission of a crime, as well as operation of a motor
vehicle if their agreement with EHD prohibits them from doing so. Program effectiveness is
determined by the number of days in custody saved by participation in Electronic Home
Detention. For the year of 1995, the program saved 28,255 in-custody days.
Many Hands, Inc.
1231 Loveridge Road
Pittsburg,CA 94565
432-1171
Contact: Lynne Cordova
Many Hands's Work Services program provides vocational training in recycling, truck
driving, custodial, and reception/clerical for adults with mental illnesses from east and
central Contra Costa County. Adult education classes are offered in recycling and Class B
truck driving. Job placement assistance is provided when clients are job ready. Clients
referred from County Mental Health or the Conditional Release Program are accepted,
including those with histories of violence. After being referred to Many Hands, clients are
assessed for appropriateness. They must also receive medical clearance to engage in program
activities. Non-violent offenders returning from State prison or County jail would be
accepted. Eleven adults are now in the program as a condition of probation or parole. Routine
reports are filed with the Conditional Release Program (Con-Rep). Services to sentenced
offenders have been provided for more than three years. Thirty-five adults (the maximum
number at one time)are currently in the program,and 52 were served in 1995. Males
constitute 94% of clients, females 6%. Contracting agencies pay $55.58 per day per client for
all clients served. Many Hands has three people on its waiting list. The average wait is one
to three months. Based on annual cost reports, expansion would cost$55.58 per day per client.
Without additional resources, Many Hands could not accept additional criminal justice
referrals. Depending upon the number of new clients, additional staff, operating and
overhead costs, machinery and vehicles would be needed to increase the existing program.
1 Many Hands's program is one to two years in length. Clients are contacted two to five times
per week. No-shows and their referral sources are contacted by phone. Drop-outs and
program completers are contacted after 60 days by phone or mail Criteria for program
failure include unsafe workplace behavior such as violence, inappropriate language, and
lack of attention to safety. Program effectiveness is determined by annual evaluations of
outcome success and by meeting contract objectives. The agency conducted an evaluation in
July 1995. Many Hands recommends increasing the Con-Rep programs and supervised housing
plus alternative work programs for non-violent offenders. An improvement to enhance local
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 20
alternatives to incarceration would be providing workers compensation for programs that
offer community service/alternative work. Many Hands has declined contracts due to the
funding agencies' inability or unwillingness to carry workers comp for referred clients,
coverage that Many Hands, itself, is unable to provide.
Phoenix Programs,Inc.
P.O. Box 315
Concord,CA
825-4700
Contact: Sharon Lundholm,Community Living Program
Phoenix Programs operates a wide a of services for adults with mental illnesses
Pe range
throughout Contra Costa County. These include mental health day treatment, short-term
crisis residential, transitional residential treatment, vocational rehabilitation, homeless
shelter, homeless multi-service centers, supported housing, permanent housing through HUD,
and transitional supportive semi-independent housing. Adults 18-65 years old with primary
mental illness diagnoses who are not a danger to themselves or others and can be responsible
for being clean and sober are eligible for services. They must have had no violent episodes
within the past six months. Clients access Phoenix Programs through County Mental Health
referral. Non-violent offenders returning from state prison or county jail would be accepted
such as the one who is currently being served in transitional residential treatment. Routine
reports are filed with probation and parole officers. While sexual offenses, car jacking and
weapons charges would be especially problematic for Phoenix Programs, all admissions
would be dependent upon the proximity of the appropriate facility to schools, etc.
Chronically sociopathic individuals and those who show evidence of inability to be
rehabilitated would be excluded from programs. Phoenix Programs has served sentenced
offenders referred by Con-Rep for more than three years. Each of Phoenix's programs
currently serves 11 to 40 clients. In 1995,21 to 75 were served,depending upon the program.
The maximum client load at one time is 12 to 75, again depending upon the individual
program. Gender break down in programs is approximately 50%-50%. Residential program
capacity is: nine in semi-independent housing; 12 in crisis residential; 12 in residential
treatment; 11 in permanent housing;and 53 in supportive housing. Fees range from$91.11 per
day from Medi-Cal for day treatment to$682 per month from SSI for board and care to up to
$2,000 per person for vocational rehabilitation. Fees are paid by contracts. Phoenix has a
regular waiting list of 10, with the average wait time being one month to three years,
depending upon the program. Expansion costs would be the same as current fees for services,
and additional criminal justice clients would be accepted with appropriate County Mental
Health referral. Facility space, operating expenses, more staff with specialized training,
some changes in procedures, liaisoning with the justice system, and additional reporting
would be needed to expand services for offenders. Again depending upon the program, length
of service is two weeks to one year. Clients are contacted daily. The identified support
person and the police if necessary are contacted for no-shows. Drop-outs are contacted by
phone.Follow-up includes one contact per month for up to one year and some drop-in services
that are available for alumni. Criteria for program failure include violence or abuse, chronic
substance abuse, and being emotionally destructive to the milieu. Program effectiveness and
evaluations are conducted through client satisfaction surveys, funding source reviews,
meeting contract goals and objectives, internal quality assurance, and licensing requirements.
Referrals are made to County clinics and hospitals, private hospitals including East Bay
Hospital, Rubicon, Independent Living Resources, Shelter Inc., Department of
' Rehabilitation, adult education and Diablo Valley College. Phoenix recommends additional
social rehabilitation model half-way houses, alcohol and drug programs for those with
mental illnesses, and evening support groups. Intensive case management with specialists,
compulsory urinalysis,and group homes for offenders would enhance local alternatives to
incarceration.
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 21
REACH Project, Inc.
1915 D Street
Antioch, CA 94509
754-3673
Contact: Mickie Marchetti
REACH Project,Inc. was founded in 1970 to prevent and intervene with substance abuse,
juvenile crime, violence, school failure and related problems as well as to treat alcohol and
other drug dependency among youth and adults. Program activities include support services
for high-risk youth, opportunity school programs, workshops for 14-17-year-old offenders,
drug treatment for adolescents,juvenile intervention program with Antioch Police
Department, and family services. Services are available to residents of the Antioch and
Discovery Bay areas. Offenders referred by local schools and Antioch Police Department are
accepted into the program per REACH's contracts with those entities. This includes clients
with violent histories. Referrals from contracting entities are interviewed, assessed by the
program director and assigned to a counselor or referred to a more appropriate provider.
Clients returning from both adult and juvenile corrections have been accepted for more than
three years, including the eight adults and 23 juveniles now receiving services from REACH.
Reports are routinely filed with probation, parole, the courts, and law enforcement. Clients
with sexual offenses would be excluded from services. The current client load at REACH
includes 73 adults and 392 juveniles. In 1995,492 adults and 1,883 juveniles were served, 75
and 400 at any given time. Males represented 65% of clients; females, 35%. A fee of $150 is
charged for REACH's 12-week program. The fee is waived based on ability to pay. REACH
has no waiting list. Estimated costs to expand are $40 per unit of services, based upon annual
cost reports. Increased staff and facility space would be needed to handle additional clients.
iClients are contacted two to three times per week during the 12-week program. No-shows are
i contacted by phone or mail and drop-outs by phone. Not keeping appointments, attending
meetings, or achieving program or counseling objectives are criteria for failure. REACH
conducts follow-up with program completers by phone and mail six months post completion.
Program effectiveness is measured by improved behavior and measurable objectives of
attendance and school grades. An evaluation of REACH's OCJP-funded aftercare program for
juveniles returning from Contra Costa's Orin Allen Youth Rehabilitation Facility is currently
being conducted. The aftercare program provides transition services, case management, and
vocational guidance to youth who will be returning to East County communities from juvenile
institutions. The program does accept clients with a history of violence. Currently, 35 youth
are enrolled in the program; the maximum number of clients that may be served in one year
is 50. The program currently accepts 15 additional referrals. REACH's aftercare program has
been functioning-since October 1995, and to date the program has served 35 clients. All clients
of the program are male. Program cost is $547 per client. Referrals are made to New
Connections, the Salvation Army and private therapists.
Ujima Family Recovery Services
1901 Church Lane
San Pablo, CA 94806
236-3139
Contact: Albione Becnel
Ujima Family Recovery Services operates The Rectory and La Casa perinatal residential
programs and Ujima West and Ujima East perinatal intensive day treatment for pregnant
and parenting alcoholics and addicts. Ujima offers comprehensive recovery services,
parenting and family programs, and childcare services. Women 18 years or older from
throughout Contra Costa County who are pregnant or parenting children up to five (up to 12
at The Rectory) and can function in a social model recovery environment are eligible for
services. Women with histories of violence are excluded because of the risk to infants,
children and pregnant women. Applicants can call the programs directly and come in for a
pre-admission and orientation meeting. If the screening indicates eligibility, they are placed
on a waiting list if no space is available. Non-violent offenders returning from state prison or
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 22
county jail would be accepted. Some 20-50% of current clients are in Ujima programs as a
condition of probation or parole. Ujima is not required to report to any criminal justice entity.
Even if mandated to a program, Ujima views them as voluntarily in treatment and reports
I only upon request of the client and with appropriate release of information. According to
Ujima,sexual offenses,mayhem and arson should be a basis for exclusion from community-
based programs,and special evaluations required in cases of weapons charges or domestic
violence. Any history of violent behavior should be criteria for exclusion from a perinatal
program as should severe impulse control problems or any behavior that endangers infants,
children or pregnant women. Ujima has served sentenced offenders for more than three years.
The programs currently serve 46 adults and served 362 in FY 94-95. Maximum capacity at one
time is 49 adults, 100% of whom are women. Residential capacity is 18 dyad (mother and
child) beds or 36 individual beds in primary care and three dyad or six individual beds in
transition. Fees for residential services are $3,000 a month with waivers based on ability to
pay. Ujima has a current waiting list of 25. Pregnant women are Priority I with an average
wait time of three days. Parenting women are Priority III with average wait time of two
months. Per Ujima's annual costs reports,costs for expansion would be La Casa bed day,
$70.69; The Rectory bed day, $63.70; Ujima West intensive day slot, $46.48; and Ujima East
intensive day slot, $56.90. At its present capacity, Ujima could not accept additional
criminal justice referrals who require more resources in terms of staffing patterns and time.
One additional counselor and three additional evening and weekend staff would be needed
in addition to the daily bed rate to serve this kind of client. Ujima programs ask for a
three-month minimum commitment, and clients are contacted daily. No-shows are contacted
by phone and mail as are drop-outs. Completers are contacted for follow-up at three and six
months. Criteria for program failure include actual or threat of violence, positive urinalysis,
and repeated violation of the client agreement. Program effectiveness is determined by
status at discharge, three and six month follow-ups, alumnae participation, and attendance
at sobriety awards celebrations. Ujima was evaluated as part of the Options for Recovery
pilot program. Referrals are made to Holloman Detox of Neighborhood House, Shennam
Detox of Bi-Belt, East County Detox,and Contra Costa County's Born Free. A needed
additional community-based punishment option would be a perinatal dual diagnosis
program. Local alternatives would be enhanced by providing existing programs with
additional funding to staff appropriately, especially to provide more than one duty staff for
nights and weekends.
Sunrise House,Inc.
135 Mason Circle
Concord,CA 94520
825-7049
Contact: Terri Whitney or Don Travins
Sunrise House provides residential housing, day treatment, family and relapse prevention
services to adult men and women except those who are sex offenders, have histories of
violence, or have dual diagnoses of addiction and mental illness. Clients live in Sunrise's
sober housing and come to the program facility for day treatment services. Admission is
through screening appointments and interviews with a waiting list for County-funded clients.
Non-violent offenders returning from state prison or county jail would be accepted. Three
1 clients are now in the program as a condition of probation or parole. Routine reports are
made to probation and parole officers. Sunrise House has provided services to sentenced
offenders for more than three years. Thirty-five clients are currently being served with 250
served in 1995. Maximum capacity at one time is 36 in six residences in the community.
Gender break-down is 83% male and 17% female. Fees for residential services range from
$5,500-10,000 for a full program and from$1,800-5,400 for a full program of day treatment. .
Fees can be waived for County residential clients. Sunrise House has 15 people on its current
waiting list with average wait time of 45 days. Expansion would cost $76.26 per day per bed
for housing and services. Sunrise House's program length is 90 days with daily contact with
clients. There is no follow-up with drop-outs. Completers are contacted at 45, 90 and 120
days. Criteria for program failure include positive urinalysis, violence and belligerent
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 23
attitudes. Program effectiveness is determined by evaluations by management and weekly
consultations and evaluation of treatment plans by a psychologist. The State Department of
Alcohol and Drug Programs also evaluates services. Sunrise House refers to Battered
Women's Alternative and sober living situations.
Bi-Bett Corporation
Diablo Valley Ranch
11540 Marsh Creek Road
Clayton, CA
'672-5656
Contact: Ivy Berquist
Diablo Valley Ranch is Bi-Betts 70-bed program for men at least 18 years of age or
emancipated minors. Treatment and recovery services include alcohol and drug education,
individual and group process, treatment and goal planning, aftercare,alumni services and
sober living housing. The recommended program stay is four to five months,but the average
length of stay is 100 days. Clients with histories of violence are accepted with the
exception of convicted child molesters. Since children are frequently on-site at recovery
homes during weekends, potential clients convicted of any crimes involving children are
carefully screened as are multiple arsonists. Clients are referred to DVR by gatekeepers and
case managers as well as self-referrals. Nearly 60% of current residents at DVR are in the
program as a condition of probation or parole, and regular reports are made to their
respective probation or parole officers. Three hundred clients were served in 1995 with a
capacity of 70 at any one time. Ten of its beds are devoted to parolees through the Bay Area
Services Network. Rates of$38 per bed day are covered by government contracts. DVR has a
waiting list of 120 individuals with an average wait time of three months. DVR currently
operates at full capacity, and new facilities and operating costs would be necessary to
expand at this time. Beds will become available in 1998 when a federal grant expires. DVR
staff discuss the reasons for leaving with clients who drop out of the program. Graduates are
followed through aftercare and alumni activities and monthly telephone tree contacts.
Criteria for termination include positive urinalysis and threats or acts of violence. Racial or
sexual harassment results in warnings with repeat offenses resulting in termination. Program
effectiveness is determined by lengths of stay,number of exits in good standing, number who
maintain support systems after departure, and feedback from residents and alumni. Suggested
enhancements to local alternatives to incarceration include a greater number of treatment
beds, low-cost clean and sober housing available for those with low to no incomes who are
not dually diagnosed,job development training, and family and couple re-entry services.
I Bi-Bett Corporation
Frederic Ozanam Center
2931 Prospect Street
Concord,CA
676-4840
Contact: Johan Powell
Frederick Ozaman Center (aka the Oz Center) is Bi-Betts 25-bed program for women at least
18 years of age or emancipated minors. Treatment and recovery services include alcohol and
drug education, individual and group process, treatment and goal planning, aftercare, alumni
services and sober living housing. The average length of stay is 100 days. Clients with
histories of violence are accepted with the exception of convicted child molesters. Since
children are frequently on-site at recovery homes during weekends, potential clients
convicted of any crimes involving children are carefully screened as are multiple arsonists.
Clients are referred to the Oz Center by gatekeepers and case managers as well as self-
referrals. Fifty percent of current residents at the Oz Center are in the program as a
condition of probation or parole, and regular reports are made to their respective probation
or parole officers. There are 3.5 beds devoted to parolees through the Bay Area Services
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 24
Network. One hundred clients were served in 1995 with a capacity of 25 at any one time.
Rates of$38 per bed day are covered by government contracts. The Oz Center has a waiting
list of 40 individuals with an average wait time of three months. The Oz Center currently
operates at full capacity, and new facilities and operating costs would be necessary to
expand at this time. Beds will become available in 1998 when a federal grant expires. Oz
Center staff discuss the reasons for leaving with clients who drop out of the program.
Graduates are followed through aftercare and alumni activities and monthly telephone tree
contacts. Criteria for termination include positive urinalysis and threats or acts of violence.
Racial or sexual harassment results in warnings with repeat offenses resulting in
termination. Program effectiveness is determined by lengths of stay, number of exits in good
standing,number who maintain support systems after departure,and feedback from residents
and alumni. Suggested enhancements to local alternatives to incarceration include a greater
number of treatment beds, low-cost clean and sober housing available for those with low to
no incomes who are not dually diagnosed, job development training, and family and couple
re-entry services.
Community Substance Abuse Services
Health Services Department
597 Center Ave., Suite 320
Martinez, CA 94553
Contact:Chuck Deutschman
In addition to the programs listed above that are operated by non-profit organizations,
Contra Costa County operates residential treatment and outpatient counseling programs that
would accept criminal justice referrals with the general exception of those who are sex
offenders who are evaluated based on offense and when it was committed. San Pablo
Discovery Center in San Pablo, Tri-Cities Discovery Center in Pinole, Sojoume Community
Counseling Center in Richmond,and the Criminal Justice Treatment Program in Richmond,
Martinez and Antioch each operate outpatient counseling programs that include five
treatment contacts per week. The County's Criminal Justice Treatment Program(CJTP)
currently serves 1,360 clients in its intensive outpatient program. The need is expected to
increase by at least 860 clients over the next two years. An estimated $284,000 will be
required to serve these additional clients-Individual counseling sessions cost from$3343 per
half-hour, and group counseling rates are $16-$22 per half-hour. With funding at the
required level, the number of groups that could be created for sentenced offenders is virtually
unlimited. An additional $284,000 is going to be required over the next two years to meet
projected demand in the County's Criminal Justice Treatment Program. The County also
operates Discovery House, a 24-bed residential program for men. At the present time, eight
of its beds are devoted to parolees through the Bay Area Services Network (BASN)
program, and another 13.5 BASN beds are provided through contracts with community-based
organizations. Residential services are charged at the rate of $52 per day. Drug tests are
administered at a cost of $12.50 each. With $500,000, the County could acquire properties
adjacent to Discovery House for the creation of up to 50 beds in a structured therapeutic
community program of 6 months duration. An additional $200,000 will be required annually
for staff and operating expenses. Community Substance Abuse Services has successfully
sought and obtained funding for the creation of services for criminal justice referrals over the
past few years. This includes involvement with BASN — the joint program between the
State Departments of Corrections and Alcohol and Drug Programs that places parolees from
state prisons in substance abuse treatment settings —and with the Federal Criminal Justice
Network serving referred federal probationers. Contra Costa County's entire BASN program
was recently RFPed and configuration will now consist of 21 residential treatment beds plus a
continuum of 50 out-patient slots. However, it is expected that at least 16 residential beds
plus a continuum of non-residential and sober housing services will be available for State
parolees. With additional funding, more referrals from local Probation could be folded into
this service network with State and Federal criminal justice clients.
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 25
DEUCE Program
Contra Costa County Office of Education
Marsh Creek and West County Detention Facilities
262-4340 and 6464669
Contact: Kathy Block
DEUCE is the nationally-acclaimed substance abuse education class taught by the County
Office of Education in two County jails. Through proposed realignment legislation, there is
the potential for restructuring the program from an in-custody model to one that could be
operated in the community. The DEUCE curriculum has been refined over the years and
would continue to be as a community option,but basically it consists of three phases of 20
classes each. There is open enrollment for admission at any time. Men and women inmates
enroll in DEUCE just as they do in any class offered by the County Office of Education. They
attend a school orientation and undergo a literacy assessment of their math and reading
ability in the context of employability. Scores do not influence admission to the class but do
suggest the need for augmented class materials in some situations. There are no addiction
assessments involved with enrollment. Student self-select to participate and agree to a
contract of behavioral expectations while in the class. Men attend classes for six hours a
day, often in two separate phases of DEUCE. Women attend class three hours a day and
frequently are also enrolled in vocational preparation classes as well. At one time, up to 150
individuals per day were enrolled in DEUCE classes, but recent downsizing in facility
populations means a current class load of 75-90. There is usually a waiting list. Sometimes
inmates are granted early release — often in part because of their DEUCE participation —
but there is no existing support system currently awaiting them. Some do become involved
with the Family Recovery Project operated by the County Health Department. The
�I curriculum in that project is based on extractions from the DEUCE program that are related
to transitioning back into the community. A literacy project is now being introduced that will
help participants prepare for taking the GED, but much more is needed. If granted the
option of moving outside of the jails and maintaining its current funding mechanism, the
DEUCE program would add a more extensive aftercare component for more inmates and
divertees. It would include more intensive supervision and mentoring in attending Adult
School and preparing for the work force. It would include a component to deal with the
many family issues involved with substance abuse. It would move participants beyond the
educational activities of DEUCE into actual treatment. Assessments would be conducted to
determine all of the supports needed by individuals to succeed in their treatment and
recovery.
1
Appendix C:Justice System Programs Survey Page 26
Appendix D: National Survey of Intermediate Sanction Model Programs
r
r
Appendix D:National Survey of Intermediate Sanction Model Programs
CONTRA COSTA COUNTY
COMMUNITY BASED PUNISIMENT PLANNING PROCESS
NATIONAL SURVEY
OF
INTERMEDIATE SANCTION MODEL PROGRAMS
■
I
1
CALIFORNIA PROBATION, PAROLE AND CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION
Susan B. Cohen, Executive Director
Barbara Bloom, Primary Consultant
Renee Campbell, Consultant
Barbara Morandi, Consultant-
Introduction
This survey describes and ranks 37 intermediate sanction programs for
juveniles and adults throughout the United States. Programs were identified
through recommendations from criminal justice professionals, the National
,Institute of Justice, the National Institute of Corrections, and a review of
professional articles about intermediate sanction programs.
Using categories of intermediate sanction programs provided by Contra
Costa County, researchers attempted to identify a range of programs in each
category to recommend for consideration by the County.
The data collection and recommendation process consisted of three steps:
Telephone surveys, using a questionnaire provided by Contra Costa County,
were conducted to gather data about 37 intermediate sanction programs for
juveniles and adults. Survey respondents provided information about
program design, client demographics, service components, cost, and
program evaluation and/or effectiveness which was recorded on the survey
forms.
♦ Phone survey information and other written program materials provided by
contact persons were reviewed and data analyzed to develop individual
program summaries.
♦ Individual program summaries were reviewed. Based on an analysis of
information of individual program appropriateness and effectiveness, and
general izabiIity of program design, programs were ranked and recommended
for consideration by Contra Costa County.
In addition to the recommended program summaries, a master contact list,
arranged by Juvenile and Adult program types, was developed. The list consists
of all programs interviewed. Programs which provided written materials and/or
evaluations are marked with an asterisk * on the master contact list.
Survey forms containing the raw data collected during the phone
interview
process and all written materials received from programs are on file and will be
made available for Contra Costa County upon request.
1
Intermediate Sanction Program Survey Highlights
' During the information gathering process, specific information regarding
different types and availability of some intermediate sanction programs became
apparent:
♦ Many of the programs surveyed were systemic responses which provided an
agency infrastructure. As such, these statewide or countywide programs
provided the framework-rather than direct services-for provision of
intermediate sanction options.
♦ Identifying programs designed specifically to provide intensive supervision,
day reporting, supervised own recognizance, or electronic monitoring was
problematic. In many cases, these programs served two or more of the
above functions. For instance, a program would provide intensive
supervision to high risk probationers and as a front-end alternative to
incarceration. Or a program would provide electronic monitoring as a form of
intensive probation supervision and for pre-trial individuals. Some programs
that were categorized as "day reporting" provided some treatment services.
However, their primary function was regular supervision. Programs which
serve more than one function have been footnoted and cross-referenced.
♦ Shock incarceration programs, described as programs which provide a short
intensive period of incarceration, are modeled after boot camps. Boot camps
provide intensive physical, military style programming, and some treatment
components, in a secure setting. Programs identified in the survey as shock
incarceration are, in fact, boot camps, which may offer a shorter sentence
option with an aftercare component to some offenders.
♦ Most mental health programs had separate components for different
categories of offenders identified as "mental health" clients. These
individuals were classified as mental health, sex offenders or mentally
retarded. Rationale for separate components included the need for specific
programming, treatment or supervision requirements of the respective
mental health clients. In some cases, funding restrictions for a specific
diagnosis and/or client cohort was given as the basis for separate
programming.
♦ The survey identified two day treatment programs for women, however, none
were found for men. A day treatment program is described as one which
provides daily (minimum 5 days per week) services and treatment in an
outpatient setting. The two day treatment programs that were surveyed
provided gender-specific services for women; a program design component
that is too often overlooked when developing responses for female offenders.
2
JUVENILE PROGRAM LIST
Juvenile Aftercare:
1.
Flexible Services Program
Joni Zimmerman, Community Resource Specialist
Oregon Youth Authority
530 Center Street, Ste. 200
Salem OR 97301
(503) 373-7581; FAX (503) 373-7622
' II.
Eckerd Aftercare Programs
Judith W. Hill, Dir., Client & Social Services
Eckerd Family Youth Alternatives, Inc.
100 N. Starcrest Drive
Clearwater, FL 34625
(813) 461-2990; FAX (813) 442-591
III.
Boot Camp Aftercare (substance abuse focus)
' Toni Barra
Stewart-Marchman Center
120 Michigan Avenue
Daytona Beach, FI 32114
(904) 947-1300
IV.
Juvenile Aftercare Program
Gary Tipton
Community Services Dept.
Arizona Juvenile Probation
1624 West Adams, Room 323
Phoenix AR 85007
(602) 542-4157
V.
Youth Educational Services (YES) (employment focus)
Deborah Paratori, Director
Sacramento County DHHS
3514 Broadway
Sacramento, CA 95817
(916) 732-3032; FAX (916) 732-3631
3
i
VI.
Westmoreland Aftercare (substance abuse focus)
Charles Sproule
Adelphoi Village
354 Main Street
Latrobe, PA 15650
(412) 537-3052
Juvenile Day Treatment:
I.
Project Turnaround
Elizabeth Curtin, Deputy Director
Crime & Justice Foundation
r100 Warren Street
Roxbury, MASS 02119
(617) 427-4618
IL
Olympic Center(education focus)
Charles LaCroix, Unit Supervisor
San Joaquin County Probation Department/Juvenile Services
' 575 W. Matthews Rd.
French Camp, CA 95231
(209) 468-4051
111.
Community Based Programs
' Ted Blevins
Lena Pope Home Inc.
4701 W. Rosedale Street
Ft. Worth, TX 76107
(817) 731-8681
Juvenile Gang Intervention/Prevention:
I.
F.O.C.U.S.
Cathy Shields
Santa Clara County Probation
540 Guadalupe Parkway
San Jose, CA 95110
(408) 299-7895; FAX (408) 294-6879
4
' 11.
Gang Prevention/Suppression (pilot program)
Rex Sager/Pam Gilyard
Sacramento County Probation
3201 Florin-Perkins Road
' Sacramento, CA 95824
(916) 386-7850
Juvenile Gang Suppression:
I.
Specialized Gang Suppression Program
Paul Muntz, Director
Los Angeles County Probation Department
144 S. Fetterley Ave.
Los Angeles, CA 90022
(213) 780-2125
ll.
Gang Suppression Unit
Margaret Mudd
Monterey County Juvenile Probation
1422 Natividad Road
Salinas, CA 93906
(408) 647-7638 or 755-3965
Juvenile Mentoring:
I.
Sacra-Mentor Program
Yvette Woolfolk
Sacramento Superior/Municipal Courts
9555 Kiefer Boulevard
Sacramento, CA 95827
(916) 855-5513; FAX (916) 855-8397
11.
Mentor Program
Jeanne Lund, Prevention Specialist
Dept. of Human Services, Division of Youth Corrections
120 North 200 West, Ste. 419
Salt Lake City, Utah 84145-4330
(801) 538-4086; FAX (801) 538-4334
i
5
Men of Distinction
Ron King, Director
' 1417 Charlotte Ave.
Nashville, TN 37203
(615) 329-3386
Reqional Intake Assessment Center:
System of Care
Gerald Harper, Chief Probation Officer
Placer County Probation Department
11564 C Avenue
Auburn, CA 95603
(916) 889-6700; FAX (916) 889-7950
Trackers:
Trackers
Gini Highfield
Utah State Dept. of Human Services, Division of Youth Corrections
120 North 200 West, Suite 419
Salt Lake City, Utah 84145-0500
(801) 538-4330
Juvenile Transition Facilities: (for youth awaiting placement)
I.
Good Samaritan Interim Group Home
Judy Wright, Director
9847 Lincoln Village Drive
iSacramento, CA 95827
(916) 386-0634
II.
Hawthorn Heights
Connie Edmonds
Mountain Youth Resources
PO Box 1715
Bryson City, NC 28713
(704) 488-6512
6
ADULT PROGRAM LIST
' Adult Day Reporting:
L
Metropolitan Day Reporting Center
Elizabeth Curtin, Deputy Director
Crime & Justice Foundation
67 Broad Street
Boston, MASS 02109
(617) 439-3505
II.
Non-Residential Alternative Program (NAP)
Bobby Masquiler, Dir. Community Services
180 Degrees
3381 Goham Ave.
St. Louis Park, MN 55426
(612) 929-4008
Ill.
Day Reporting Program
Pat Yaniga, Supervisor
Prince George County Probation
1895 Brightseat Rd.
Andover, MA 20785
(301) 386-7600
IV.
Day Reporting Center
Hal Neese
Boulder County Community Corrections
PO Box 471
' Boulder, CA 80306
(303) 441-3690
V.
Day Reporting Center
Andrew Molloy
' Virginia Dept. Of Corrections
14380 Terrapin Drive
Capron, VA 23829
' (809) 674-3219
7
Adult Day Treatment:
1
Project Hope
Bobby Masquiler
180 Degrees
3381 Goham Ave.
St. Louis Park, MN 55426
(612) 929-4008
If.
' Day Program
Christy Yerk-Smith, Coordinator
Program for Women and Families
1031 Linden St., 2"d Floor
Allentown, PA 18102
(610) 433-6556
Intensive Supervision:
House Arrest Program
Jim Trozzi
Allegheny County Adult Probation
2945 Banksville Rd., Ste. 205
Pittsburgh, PA 15216
(412) 344-0247
Mother/Infant Care:
I.
Summit House
Karen Chapple, Exec. Dir.
612-B West Friendly
Greensboro, NC 27401
(910) 691-9888
If.
Neil J. Houston House
Phyllis Buccio-Notaro, Interim Exec. Dir.
Social Justice for Women
59 Temple Place, Ste. 307
Boston, MA 02111
' (617) 482-0747
8
' Adult Mental Health:
I.
Community Support Program
Jill Fuller, MSW, Administrator
' Wisconsin Correctional Service
2023 W. Wisconsin Ave.
Milwaukee, WI 53233
(414) 344-6111; FAX (414) 344-2191
11.
1 Special Program for Offenders in Rehabilitation and Education (SPORE)
Jeffrey Hunsicker, Dir. Forensic Services
Lehigh County Probation
i275 Linden St., Lower Level
Allentown, PA 18101
(610) 820-6416
III.
' Mentally Disordered Offender (MDO) Unit
Margaret Bednar
Cuyahoga County Probation
' 1276 W. 3`d 51h Floor
Marion Bldg.
Cleveland, OH 44113
Adult Short-term Shock Incarceration:
I.
New York Shock Incarceration Program
' David Aziz, Program Research Specialist
NY Department of Corrections1220 Washington Ave.
Albany, NY 12226
(518) 457-8144
11.
Work Ethic Camp
Jackie Campbell
Wash. State Dept. of Corrections
PO Box 4106
Olympia, WA 98504-1106
(206) 512-6501
9
Supervised O.R.
Pre-trial Electronic Monitoring
' Cindy Mowery, Chief of Operations
Marion County Justice Center
200 E. Washington St., Ste. 901
' Indianapolis, IND 46204
(317 327-3121
10
JUVENILE PROGRAM SUMMARIES
Juvenile Aftercare:
I.
' Flexible Services Program
Joni Zimmerman, Community Resource Specialist
Oregon Youth Authurity
530 Center Street, Ste. 200
Salem OR 97301
' (503) 373-7581; FAX (503) 373-7622
Program Description: Provides intensive supervision and case management
' planning for girls at risk of incarceration or residential treatment. Services are
purchased from community providers based on individual treatment plans rather
than a program package. Services purchased include wraparound, residential,
educational and outpatient therapy.
Eligibility Criteria-. Male and female, ages 12-18, adjudicated delinquent and at
risk of incarceration.
Referral Sources: County interagency committees review cases of juveniles at
risk for incarceration and where case workers have determined a need for more
services than are available in existing county programs.
Program Capacity: Approximately 25/month
Residential Capacity: 500 contract beds
Program Costs: Averages $1087.02 per month/client
' Program Length: Varies; until released from probation or parole
Community Resources Used: Wraparound and residential programs.
Effectiveness Criteria: Reduced commitments to juvenile facility; increased
community protection; increased educational participation by clients; decreased
self-destructive behavior.
Rank Justification: Over 5 years old, with expanded services within last year,
Comprehensive client-specific services, wrap-around approach, documented
positive outcomes, strong community collaborations. Evaluation available.
11
i
' II.
' Eckerd Aftercare Programs
Judith W. Hill, Dir., Client & Social Services
Eckerd Family Youth Alternatives, Inc.
' 100 N. Starcrest Drive
Clearwater, FL 34625
(813) 461-2990; FAX (813) 442-5911
Program Description: Intensive aftercare case management assists juveniles
and their families with the Eckerd Reentry Program (ERP) and Eckerd
Leadership Program (ELP). Provides treatment plan development, community
based counseling and involvement in special activities.
Services: Employment placement and educational goals assistance,
recreational and leisure activities, supervision of community service projects,
development of independent living skills and negotiating in the criminal justice
system.
Eligibility Criteria: Male and female youth residing in south and central Florida
who were committed to Eckerd residential programs or to a secure boot camp
program.
Referral Sources: Eckerd residential facility and sheriff's boot camp directors.
' Program Capacity: 550
Residential Capacity: None
' Program Costs: $45-65/day, depending on services provided.
Program Length: 9 months
Community Resources Used: Mental health, family planning, employment,
recreation, health.
Effectiveness Criteria: Positive status of participants with regard to recidivism,
educational and employment goals.
Rank Justification: Long-term program with frequent client contact (3-7x week)
and follow-up component; comprehensive approach; involves family in case
management planning. Outcome evaluation available.
12
III.
' Boot Camp Aftercare (substance abuse focus)
Toni Barra
Stewart-Marchman Center
' 120 Michigan Avenue
Daytona Beach, FI 32114
(904) 947-1300
Program Description: Utilized as a transition step back into community for
offenders that have completed the Boot Camp program. Focus on vocational
' training, GED or education depending on assessment of offenders needs. Also
provides in-home counseling, substance abuse counseling and living skills.
' Eligibility Criteria: Males, ages 14-18, who have completed boot camp
program; with a prior record but determined to be not serious enough for state
` institutional placement.
Referral Sources: Court ordered residential commitment.
Program Capacity: Currently 15 beds; will expand to 25 in July,1996.
' Program Costs: Annual budget $300,000. Per diem costs not available.
Program Length: Four months or 120 "good days". Typical offender graduates
in five months.
Community Resources Used: Medical, sexual abuse counseling, private
counseling for offender needs beyond what can be provided by program staff.
Effectiveness Criteria: Outcome studies, low recidivism, program completion.
Rank Justification: The Stewart-Marchman Center has provided services for 25
years; contracts with Department of Juvenile Justice for 3 years. Evaluation
available.
13
IV.
' Juvenile Aftercare Program
Gary Tipton
Community Services Dept.
Arizona Juvenile Probation
1624 West Adams, Room 323
Phoenix AR 85007
' (602) 542-4157
Program Description: County Juvenile Probation provides individual
assessments of juveniles being released from detention. Program coordinates
and contracts with range of community based organizations for case
management services.
' Services Provided: Community based organizations provide foster placement,
substance abuse treatment, mental health, housing, counseling, and
employment services.
Eligibility Criteria: Juveniles living within Maricopa County committed to
detention and on conditional liberty. Participants are assessed by probation
officers and matched with appropriate service providers.
Referral Sources: juvenile probation officers
Program Capacity: 600 (85% male, 15% female)
Residential Capacity: 100 contract beds
'
Program Cost: $40-60/da for non-residential $90-160 for residential services.
9 Y ,
Program Length: 6 mos. to 2'/z years
Community Resources Used: See above service provider types
Effectiveness Criteria: Successful treatment and programming.
Rank Justification: Provides a comprehensive range of services through
contracts with numerous community based agencies. Each client is assessed
and matched with appropriate service providers. Evaluation not available.
14
V.
Youth Educational Services (YES) (employment focus)
Deborah Paratori, Director
Sacramento County DHHS
3514 Broadway
Sacramento, CA 95817
(916) 732-3032; FAX (916) 732-3631
Program Description: Mentor and counseling focus. Seeks to provide students
with academic and supportive assistance in order to return to and be successful
in school. Instructor provide academic and life skills training to enhance self-
esteem and overall educational performance. Students linked with
mentor/counselor. Followed up with assistance during transition to traditional
high school.
' Eligibility Criteria: Male and female, ages 14-20, out of school at least 45 days
and "at-risk"; student must be willing to make commitment and reside in one of
three zip code areas.
' Referral Sources: Probation, social worker, individual student.
Program Capacity: 20-25, approximately 4 week waiting list.
Program Costs: Budget $400,000 per year, based on 90 students in "return to
school" component and 50 students in GED component.
Program Length: As long as necessary to get student back on track.
Community Resources Used: employment, drug and alcohol services,
1 recreation activities, cultural events.
Effectiveness Criteria: Reduced high school drop out rate; successful return to
traditional school program.
Rank Justification: Currently under evaluation. Components include mentoring,
wrap around services, strong community involvement in inner city area.
15
' VI.
Westmoreland Aftercare (substance abuse focus)
Charles Sproule
Adelphoi Village
354 Main Street
Latrobe, PA. 15650
(412) 537-3052
Program Description: Utilized for adolescents returning to family from court
ordered care or placement. Program acts as case manager for smooth transition
' back to home. Licensed for drug and alcohol out-patient.services.
Services Provided: Provides in-home or school counseling, with 3-4 contacts
t per month.
Eligibility Criteria: Male or female, ages 12-18, on probation, released from a
residential program; identified with substance abuse problem.
Referral Sources: Probation officer
Program Capacity: One case worker, maximum 12 clients.
Program Costs: No client costs, $48,000 for budget year 96197.
Program Length: Client specific; average 3-4 months.
Community Resources Used: As needed, referrals to NA/AA, group therapy
!: out-patient drug provider, educational resources, independent living skills
program.
Effectiveness Criteria: Agency does outcome studies to examine lower
recidivism, improved functioning at time of release.
Rank Justification: Outcome evaluations available. Program tracks youth
monthly for up to one year.
16
rJuvenile Day Treatment:
1.
Project Turnaround
Elizabeth Curtin, Deputy Director
Crime & Justice Foundation
100 Warren Street
Roxbury, MASS 02119
(617) 42774618
Program Description: Collaborative program between District Court and the
Crime & Justice Foundation to provide an intermediate sentencing option for
serious juvenile offenders. Purpose is to provide supervision, structure and
treatment and to hold juveniles responsible for their behavior and while assisting
in rehabilitation.
Services Provided: Educational and vocational training, treatment for
substance abuse, mental health and medical needs, social and recreational
activities with role models and peer counselors, community work service
projects, and supervision.
Eligibility Criteria: Juveniles ages 14-16, at imminent risk of becoming habitual
offenders who are headed for commitment to Department of Youth Services and
meet Probation's "maximum supervision" classification.
Referral Sources: Court ( as a sentencing option) and probation.
Program Capacity: 75 (90% male, 10% female)
jProgram Cost: Annual budget $250,000. Per diem cost not available.
Program Length: 6 months
Community Resources Used: Health and mental health, employment, family
counseling, emergency housing.
Effectiveness Criteria: Compliance with program expectation and the
requirements of individual service plan. Follow through with recommended
treatment services and activities.
Rank Justification: Provides complete psycho-social assessment and
coordination of appropriate services; involves family; frequent (5x week) client
contact. Outcome statistics available.
17
II.
Olympic Center(education focus)
Charles LaCroix, Unit Supervisor
San Joaquin County Probation Department/Juvenile.Services
575 W. Matthews Rd.
French Camp, CA 95231
(209) 468-4051
1 Program Description: Collaborative program with Juvenile Probation and
County Office of Education. Intensive 5 day/week treatment program with
remedial education focus. Provides intensive supervision, individual and family
counseling as needed.
Services Provided: Highly structured remedial school program; some special
' education services individual learningplans and student stud review teams.
P Y
Eligibility Criteria: Juveniles who are wards of the court, ages 14-17, attending
or capable of attending junior high or high school, no serious history of violence,
not in special education classes for mentally retarded
Referral Source: Probation officers
Program Capacity: 50
Program Costs: not available
Program Length: Two school semesters, sometimes summer school as well.
CommunityResources Used: Community colleges, mental health counseling,
Y 9 9
parenting classes, sex offender programs.
Effectiveness Criteria: Ability to program, no law violations which lead to CYA
placement; daily contact and follow-up if participant is absent.
Rank Justification: Philosophy of the program is that no student is allowed to
fail and educational and program structure is set up with this in mind. Strengths
perspective, comprehensive, client-specific educational services with close
probation supervision. Program module information available.
18
i
' Community Based Programs
Ted Blevins
Lena Pope Home Inc.
4701 W. Rosedale Street
Ft. Worth, TX 76107
(817) 731-8681
1 Program Description: Non-secure residential and non-residential school-based
program. Government contract to provide day treatment services to juveniles
classified as emotionally disturbed substance abusers. Most clients are 14-15
years old - not first offenders; with three or violations and have previously failed
a less restrictive program.
Services provided: Services include family-based treatment, independent living
skills, substance abuse education/treatment, in-home crisis intervention, family
' preservation and career services.
Eligibility Criteria: Male and female, ages 10-17; no weapons charges.
Referral Sources: Juvenile Department makes referrals. Can be referred for
community placement alternative or day treatment.
Program Capacity: 300, (85% male, 15% female)
Residential Capacity: 60
Program Costs: $58.00 - $178.00 per day depending on clinical services and
supervision level provided.
Program Length: 60-120 days depending on combination of services provided
(i.e. residential, day treatment, transitional car, aftercare)
Community Resources Used: Majority.of services provided in-house.
Effectiveness Criteria: Follow-up on education and work, family adjustment,
ability to function independently, recidivism.
Rank Justification: Lena Pope, Inc. has been providing services for two
decades; has large capacity and is easy to expand. Evaluation available.
19
Juvenile Gang Intervention/Prevention
I.
F.O.C.U.S.
Cathy Shields
Santa Clara County Probation
540 Guadalupe Parkway
San Jose, CA 95110
(408) 299-7895; FAX (408) 294-6879
Program Description: Program targets "at-risk" youth at the time of juvenile hall
admittance, as identified by Orange County's "8%" assessment. DPO's use a
"vertical" case management mode; following the minor from investigation
process to supervision with continuous, consistent and long-term support.
Family-centered with a strength's perspective.
' Services Provided: Goal is to assist families to problem solve successfully with
decreased reliance on "professionals" through linkage to a range of service
providers. Minors receive maximum supervision (minimum of weekly contacts).
Eligibility Criteria: Juvenile detention between the ages of 12 to 14 and having
difficulty in two of four identified areas (home, school, substance abuse,
delinquency).
Referral Source: Probation
r-
Program Capacity:100
Program Length of: Until probation terminates or if placement (foster, group
home or private institutional setting) becomes necessary.
Community Resources Used: A multidisciplinary team from education, mental
health, substance abuse and probation.
Effectiveness Criteria: Reduced recidivism of program participants when
compai ed to control group.
Rank Justification: Program specifically targets "at-risk" youth. New program
' (8/95) with on-going evaluation component.
1_
20
1
Gang Prevention/Suppression (pilot program)
Rex Sager/Pam Gilyard
Sacramento County Probation
3201 Florin-Perkins Road
Sacramento, CA 95824
(916) 386-7850
Program Description: Probation program works with police department,
community based organizations and Luther Burbank High School under the
Gang Violence and Suppression Grant. Focus is prevention through awareness
education at 16 feeder schools in the Luther Burbank area. Small group
interaction; direct interaction with youth.
Services Provided: Program utilizes weekly, one hour sessions during school
hours at six elementary schools to provide activities to de-glamorize gang
participation, promote community awareness and responsibility, build self-
esteem, and promote positive interaction with law enforcement. Interactive
educational exercises use behavioral awards and community role models to
increase victim awareness through victim contact and participation exercises
(i.e. graffiti clean-up, grounds policing).
Eligibility Criteria: Coed, K-6th graders attending feeder schools to MLK High
where there is significant gang activity; considered "at-risk" for gang involvement
by school personnel.
Referral Sources: Referrals from school personal, voluntary.
Program Capacity: 60 youth (80% male, 20% female).
Program Length: Six weeks
Community Resources Used: Partnership with culturally appropriate resources
(i.e. Asian Resources, La Familia, Urban League, etc.)
Effectiveness Criteria: Youth awareness as measured through before and after
questionnaires and self-reports of youth desiring to disengage from gang
activities.
Rank Justification: Prevention-based focus for "at-risk" youth. Short term.
Works in conjunction with Gang Suppression unit.
1
21
Juvenile Gang Suppression:
I.
Specialized Gang Suppression Program
Paul Muntz, Director
Los Angeles County Probation Department
144 S. Fetterley Ave.
Los Angeles, CA 90022
(213) 780-2125
Program Description: Targets serious repeat offenders with extensive prior
records. Promotes participation in community activities which support successful
social reintegration. Program consists of 3 specialized units (Asian, East LA and
San Gabriel).
Services Provided: Provides intensive supervision, close surveillance and swift
certain consequences for violations. Also makes referrals to community
organizations for activities and services.
Eligibility Criteria: Clients (juveniles and some adults) are identified by
probation and police as gang members and are referred to unit as a "heavy
hitter" or gang leader.
Referral Sources: Probation and law enforcement
aci :
Program Ca 90% male, 10% female), with 50 clients per agent.
9 Capacity: 2500 (
Program Cost: Not available
Program Length: Varies
Community Resources Used: Counseling, recreation, Asian community
organizations, African-American churches.
Effectiveness Criteria: No specific criteria. Monitors clients for association
1 with other gang members, clean searches and drug tests, no criminal activity,
positive community or family involvement.
Rank Justification: 15 year track record; good use of culturally appropriate
community resources (African-American churches, Asian-American cultural and
social agencies); willing to allow for and facilitate efforts of clients who want to
make lifestyle changes in addition to "being cops". Written reports and other
materials available.
r_
22
i
I1. .
' Gang Suppression Unit
Margaret Mudd
Monterey County Juvenile Probation
1422 Natividad Road
Salinas, CA 93906
(408) 647-7638 or 755-3965
Program Description: Provides scheduled meetings and intensive field
supervision and surveillance of identified gang members. Utilizes community
resources for referrals for anger management, conflict resolution and domestic
violence programs.
' Services Provided: Home, field and school attendance checks, field
interrogation, drug and alcohol field tests, ongoing field monitoring and twice
monthly scheduled meetings with each client.
Eligibility Criteria: Identified by district attorney as "worst of the worst", self
identified as gang members, or identified through graffiti, colors.
Referral Source: District attorney, probation, law enforcement, self-identified
Program Capacity: 50 (90% male, 10% female). Waiting list of 200.
Program Cost: not available
Program Length: 9 months
for assaultive behavior an
Community Resources Used. Programs ultive beh d domestic
violence.
Effectiveness Criteria: Clients are assessed to determine if working or
attending school, clean drug tests, no re-arrests, no field interrogations or curfew
violations.
' Rank Justification: Some success with a very difficult case population.
Regular face to face contact. Contact person emphasized the need to provide
more interventions for this population, including a program with a hard physical
labor component with a community service focus. Mentioned a model in Imperial
County (Mike Kelly, Imperial County Juvenile Probation). No evaluation.
23
Juvenile Mentoring Programs
1.
Sacra-Mentor Program
Yvette Woolfolk
Sacramento Superior/Municipal Courts
9555 Kiefer Boulevard
Sacramento, CA 95827
(916) 855-5513; FAX (916) 855-8397
Program Description: Staffed by mentor volunteers who commit to one year
and are assigned a youth. Mentors are provided with training and work
cooperatively with other agencies, including the Juvenile Court and Probation.
Services Provided: Mentors agree to provide support to the Probation Officer
and the juvenile by identifying appropriate services, providing transportation,
reporting on progress, supporting family involvement and collaborating with
service professionals involved in the youth's life. Mentors also provide court and
educational advocacy, and role modeling.
Eligibility Criteria: Male and female youth up to age 18.
Referral Sources: Juvenile Court.
Program Capacity: 100 youths. Can be expanded as needed.
Program Costs: Annual budget $100,000 ($100 per child per year).
Program Length: Up to one year. Can be extended if necessary.
Community Resources: Program relies on community agencies to provide
wrap-around services.
Effectiveness Criteria: Reduction of recidivism and incidences of juvenile
violence, teenage pregnancy and placement of.disproportionate number of
African-American males in secure detention.
Rank Justification: Individual mentor match model . Program has been
operating since 1993.
24
II.
Mentor Program
Jeanne Lund, Prevention Specialist
Dept. of Human Services, Division of Youth Corrections
1 120 North 200 West, Ste. 419
Salt Lake City, Utah 84145-4330
(801) 538-4086; FAX (801) 538-4334
Program Description: School.based mentoring program. Shared partnership
between Division of Youth Corrections and Big Brothers/Big Sisters (BB/BS).
BB/BS provides recruitment, screening and training. Mentors and youth initially
meet at school, 1-1.5 hours per week. Mentors commit to at least one year.
Youth participation is voluntary.
Services Provided: BB/BS provides volunteers, assessment of youth and their
families, and recreational and educational programs. Mentor develops a
relationship with youth based on trust and open communication; provides
encouragement and support for educational and other goals.
Eligibility Criteria: Children at high risk for truancy, drug and alcohol abuse,
court and gang involvement.
Referral Sources: Division of Youth Corrections.
Program Capacity: 20 youth and their mentors.
Program Length: Nine months to one year or upon termination with Division of
' Youth Corrections. BB/BS will transition youth and their mentors into.traditional
BB/BS program.
Community Resources: BB/BS
Effectiveness Criteria: Reduced recidivism.
Rank Justification: Program provides effective selection, screening and
training of mentors through collaboration with Big Brothers/Big Sisters.
25
Men of Distinction
Ron King, Director
1417 Charlotte Ave.
Nashville, TN 37203
(615) 329-3386
Program Description: Program operates 4 days a week and provides
opportunities for youth to explore career and educational options they would not
otherwise be exposed to, such as the military, community college, and outdoor
activities. African-American history and culture are important learning
components for positive role modeling.
Services Provided: Mentoring, social and recreational activities, conflict
resolution and peer counseling re goal 'achievement and self-esteem building
activities, cultural awareness and appreciation, field trips, snacks.
Eligibility Criteria: African-American males, ages 9-17, residing in three nearby.
housing projects.
Referral Sources: Word of mouth, self-referral, community organizations.
Program Capacity: 50; 35 on waiting list.
99
Program Cost: $100,000 annual budget ($2000/client)
Program Length: Varies
Community Resources Used: Community colleges, local military bases,
museums, outdoor programs, recreational programs
Effectiveness Criteria: No formal criteria, use self-reporting and pre and post
tests on scales for self-esteem activities.
Rank Justification: Strong community focus. Provides a range of activities and
options to youth who would otherwise not be exposed to them, committed staff,
peer counselors and former participants play an active role in ongoing program
activities.
26
Regional Intake Assessment Center:
System of Care
Gerald Harper, Chief Probation Officer
Placer County Probation Department
11564 C Avenue
Auburn, CA 95603
(916) 889-6700; FAX (916) 889-7950
Program Description: Provides a range of coordinated therapeutic and support
services to assess, intervene and authorize use of resources for at risk children, i
youth and their families. Purpose is to prevent out-of-home placement and/or
incarceration.
Eligibility Criteria: Targets children and youth at risk of removal from the
home, with serious emotional/behavioral disorders, involved in at least 3 service
systems (including juvenile justice) or whose needs exceed the resources of an
individual referring agency. Will not accept juveniles with a long history of
delinquent behavior, 707's or history of violence.
Referral Source: Multi-agency (Probation, Health & Human Services, Mental
Health, Schools and Juvenile Court) team.
Program Capacity: 80
' Program Cost: Not available
Program Length: Varies
C so Used: Foster care family reservation school site
Community Resources U y p ,
services, sexual abuse treatment.
Effectiveness Criteria: Assessment and delivery of services resulting in
maintenance of family (no out-of-home placement), and positive response to
treatment.
flank Justification: Comprehensive wraparound services with a collaborative
family systems approach for assessment and service provision to juveniles with
a focus on diversion from institutional placement.
i
1
27
1
Trackers:
Trackers
Gini Highfield
Utah State Dept. of Human Services, Division of Youth Corrections
120 North 200 West, Suite 419
Salt Lake City, Utah 84145-0500
(801) 538-4330
Program Description: Tracking is a methodological component of different
9 P 9 9 P
programs, such as intensive supervision. It is provided as a form individual
youth supervision and monitoring of behavior.
Services Provided: Agent or other staff personnel who is assigned as a tracker
will provide the youth and his/her family with linkages to all needed community
services such as therapy, educational program, vocational programs
Eligibility Criteria: As determined based on individual assessment of needs.
Program Capacity: If tracking component is in place, it is provided to all youth
identified as in need of the service.
Program Costs: Not available.
Community Resources Used: Based on individual assessment of needs and
as available in the community.
■
i
1
1
1
28
Juvenile Transition Facility (for youth awaiting placement)
I.
Good Samaritan Interim Group Home
Judy Wright, Director
9847 Lincoln Village Drive
Sacramento, CA 95827
(916) 386-0634
Program Description: Residential program provides short-term placement
' designed to relieve crowding in Juvenile Hall.
Services Provided: Temporary placement for youth awaiting further court
hearings or long tern placement. Mandatory school attendance.
Eligibility Criteria: Male and female, ages10-18, detained in Juvenile Hall; low
risk offenders who are unable to return home.
Referral Sources: Probation.
Program Capacity: 10 males, 6 females.
' Program Costs: Federal monies, $3834 per month, per child.
Program Length: Varies, client specific.
Community Resources Used: Education, counseling if required.
Effectiveness Criteria: Reduction in number of
re-trial youth detained in
P
Juvenile Hall.
Rank Justification: Specifically designed to relieve crowding in Juvenile Hall.
29
II.
Hawthorn Heights
Connie Edmonds
Mountain Youth Resources
PO Box 1715
Bryson City, NC 28713
(704) 488-6512
Program Description: Residential services for delinquent and dependent youth.
Used as an emergency shelter as well as short-term placement for youth
awaiting long-term placement.
Services Provided: Treatment oriented with goal setting for youth and family,
including counseling and crisis intervention. Family is assessed to determine if
in-home family support services are needed or if residential placement is more
appropriate. Both options are available.
Eligibility Criteria: Male and female, ages 10-17, excluding assaultive, violent
or suicidal youth.
Referral Sources: Multiple community agencies.
' Program Capacity: Licensed for 9 beds (80% male, 20% female).
Program Costs: Annual budget of$900,000 (per diem cost not available).
Program Length: Up to 90 days (average 60 days).
Community Resources Used: Not applicable-services are provided on-site.
Effectiveness Criteria: Reduced number of youth committed to "training
schools".
Rank Justification: Programs have been operating for 18-20 years as part of
larger agency. Has good reputation throughout state; provides training for
outside agencies.
' 30
ADULT PROGRAMS
Adult Day Reporting:
I.
Metropolitan Day Reporting Center
Elizabeth Curtin, Deputy Director
Crime &Justice Foundation
67 Broad Street
' Boston, MASS 02109
(617) 439-3505
Program Description: Day reporting program provides an alternative to incarceration
for parole violators and sentenced offenders with 3 months left on sentence. Balances
supervision, sanctions and services. Primary goals are to provide punishment through
restriction of activities, containment through intensive supervision and reporting and
rehabilitation through linkages with community service providers. '
Services Provided: Assessment, development and monitoring of program contract,
treatment plan and activities schedule, supervision, drug testing.
' Eligibility Criteria: Adult men and women who have been charged or convicted of
property offenses, drug or alcohol or minor person offenses and are free of warrants.
Offenders must be within 120 days of release if sentenced, have been held for 48
hours if pre-trial, or indicate high risk and high need if probationer; must have approved
housing and means of support and agree to program contract.
Referral Sources: Correctional institutional staff, probation officers.
Program Capacity: 100 (9% female, 91% male)
Program Cost: Approximately $5000 per client per year. Annual budget $350,000
Program Length: 3 months
' Community Resources Used: Programs for social, survival and employment skills;
GED, employment, counseling, health services, substance abuse.
Effectiveness Criteria: Program looks at individual client abilities and determines
improvement subjectively- "stay the course, program well, no re-arrests.
Rank Justification: Good track record (9 years), individualized treatment plans with
balance of sanctions and support, frequent face-to-face contact (2-7 times a week)
close collaboration and good working relationship with public sector(Adult probation).
Written materials available.
' Program provides intensive supervision and supervised O.R.
' 31
II.
' Non-Residential Alternative Program (NAP)
Bobby Masquiler, Dir. Community Services
180 Degrees
3381 Goham Ave.
St. Louis Pa,-k, MN 55426
(612) 929-4008
Program Description: Provides day reporting for parole violators who would
otherwise be returned to custody. Close supervision by case manager and
linkage to services for substance abuse, employment counseling and placement,
and individual counseling. s
Services Provided: Individual case management planning, daily check-ins and
monitoring of progress (2 x day if unemployed), curfew checks, drug and alcohol
' testing, referral to and coordination with community service providers.
Eligibility Criteria: Adult parolees on supervised release who have committed a
parole violation and undergone a hearing by Office of Adult Release.
Referral Source: Probation officer.
Program Capacity: Approximately 40-50 (5% female, 95% male)
Program Cost: County is billed $11.22/day for each client.
Program Length: Averages 60 days, with a minimum of 45 days successful
employment.
Community Resources Used: Employment, counseling, substance abuse
treatment, culturally specific self-esteem programs, education.
Effectiveness Criteria: Individualized criteria for successful program progress
and subsequent completion.
Rank Justification: Seven year track record. Low cost. Well focused balance
of substance abuse treatment and employability. Frequent (1-2 x day) face-to-
face contact, strong collaborations and communication with community service
providers and probation department.
2 Program provides day reporting and intensive supervision.
32
III.
Day Reporting Program
Pat Yaniga, Supervisor
Prince George County Probation
' 1895 Brightseat Rd.
Andover, MA 20785
(301) 386-7600
Program Description: Day reporting program operated jointly with state and
county correctional facility referrals. For adult technical parole violators with
substance abuse histories as an alternative to incarceration and for all boot
camp parolees for aftercare. Contracts with community organizations for
services in job readiness, life skills, addiction education and crisis intervention.3
Services Provided: Daily reporting to monitor weekly itinerary of activities and
individual plans for drug treatment, employment and counseling; home visits,
drag testing.
Eligibility Criteria: Adult parolees (planning to shift focus to youth) without
histories of sex offenses or violence, who are indexed for risk factors, assessed,
reviewed for a home plan and recommended by parole or probation officers.
Referral Sources: Parole and probation; some self-referrals.
Program Capacity: 90 (75% male, 25% female)
Program Cost: $33.12 per client per day (NIJ study). Annual budget $604,000.
Program Length: 90 days (would like to extend to 6 months)
Community Resources Used: Health, psychiatric, family counseling,
substance abuse services. Uses graduate and undergraduate interns.
1 Effectiveness Criteria: Programming successfully; ideally with a job and
involved in drug treatment.
Rank Justification: Voted 1995 NIJ "most promising day reporting proram
,
has been evaluated; 2 year track record; daily face-to-face contact with review of
case plan and client itinerary; thoughtful evaluation of client ability and success
criteria. NIJ report can be obtained.
3 Program provides intensive supervision and aftercare supervision.
33
IV.
Day Reporting Center
Hal Neese
Boulder County Community Corrections
' PO Box 471
Boulder, CA 80306
(303) 441-3690
Program Description: Program provides an early release option for adult
offenders. Participation is considered "in-custody" time. Goal is to hold
offenders accountable with less cost to government. Electronic monitoring for
pretrial is also available. a
' Services Provided: Monitoring and supervision by daily reporting. Urinalyses
done 2-4 times per week; individual case assessment.
Eligibility Criteria: Non-violent offenders, male and female, who have served
50-75% of jail sentence.
' may use as a direct sentencing option; probation
Referral Sources: Courts y g p ,
' officers refer clients as part of"multi-phase" component of early release plan.
Program Capacity: Maximum 60; currently 45 participants.
' Program Costs: Offenders pay fees ranging from $7.00 to $9.00 per day.
' Length of Program: As ordered by the court in some cases; average stay 40-60
days.
Community Resources Used: Education, employment, mental health.
Effectiveness Criteria: Cost avoidance of incarceration.
Rank Justification: Long-termprogram; cost effective.
° Program provides intensive supervision and supervised O.R.
' 34
' V.
Day Reporting Center
Andrew Molloy
Virginia Dept. Of Corrections
' 14380 Terrapin Drive
Capron, VA 23829
' (809) 674-3219
Program Description: Intensive supervision during transition back to
' community after release from incarceration. Participation in community service
work.5
' Services Provided: GED, substance abuse counseling, life skills, others as
needed (i.e. parenting, victim awareness)
' Eligibility Criteria: Male and female adults, released from prison or jail,
transitioning back to community.
' Referral Sources: Court order or probation officer.
Program Capacity: 75 at each of six facilities through out the state.
Program Costs: Budget $300,000-400,000 (Includes drug court component)
' Length of Program: 120 days.
Community Resources Used: Aftercare referrals on as needed basis.
Effectiveness Criteria: Reduced recidivism.
Rank Justification: Program has recently expanded to statewide since opening
3 years ago.
' 5 Program provides intensive supervision aftercare with day reporting.
35
Adult Day Treatment:
I.
Project Hope
Bobby Masquiler
180 Degrees
' 3381 Goham Ave.
St. Louis Park, MN 55426
(612) 929-4008
' Program Description: Nine month "one stop shopping" phased (90 days each)
holistic collaborative program of services for women who are referred for
' intensive day treatment services. Services are provided on site or with vouchers
for purchased services at community agencies.s
' Services Provided: Parenting and daycare, chemical dependency, peer
support, stress management, employment, holistic health, and mental health.
Eligibility Criteria: Women offenders who are recidivists (minimum 2 previous
prison terms) released from state prison or diversion referrals from probation.
Referral Sources: Probation officers or pre-sentence investigators
' Program Capacity: 60+ (100% female)
Program Cost: Not available
Program Length: 9 months ( three 90 day phases).
1 Community Resources Used: Housing, mental health, domestic violence
prevention, substance dependency, MSW and mental health interns, programs
for former prostitutes.
Effectiveness Criteria: Review needs assessment developed upon entry into
program; pre and post evaluation scales on relationships, self-esteem, locus of
control.
Rank Justification: Well planned, comprehensive client and gender-specific
programming with community providers; evaluation mechanism in place. New
program (1994) provided by agency with substantial history providing other
' criminal justice services to Department of Correction. Funded by DOC grant and
county contract.
6 Program provides intensive supervision in a treatment setting, and a sentencing option.
' 36
' I1.
Day Program
Christy Yerk-Smith, Coordinator
Program for Women and Families
1031 Linden St., 2"d Floor
Allentown, PA 18102
(610) 433-6556
Program Description: Provides an alternative to prison for adult women.
Program develops individual treatment plans and provides 12 weeks of daily
programs and services in therapeutic, life skills and employment areas.
' Services Provided: Parenting education, counseling, literacy, computer
training, GED, job club, stress and time management.
tEligibility Criteria: Adult women who are prison bound.
Referral Sources: Probation and parole officers, judges, pre-trial services,
' public defender or community-based agencies.
Program Capacity: 20
Program Cost: Not available.
Program Length: Twelve months
Community Resources Used: Drug and alcohol services, housing, welfare,
food stamps, employment.
' Effectiveness Criteria: Progress in therapeutic and life skill program plans,
reduced recidivism and/or probation violations.
Rank Justification: Combines therapeutic and comprehensive life skill
services, addresses needs of parenting women, daily face-to-face contact,
' informal follow-up services.
37
' Intensive Supervision:
House Arrest Program
Jim Trozzi
Allegheny County Adult Probation
2945 Banksville Rd., Ste. 205
Pittsburgh, PA 15216
(412) 344-0247
Program Description: Provides intensive supervision with weekly meetings and
' by house arrest and electronic monitoring to jail bound offenders. Some pre-trial
participants. Coordinates referrals to community agencies for services. '
' Eligibility Criteria: Jail-bound adult offenders who are selected by district
attorney for electronic monitoring as a sentence option. No violent offenders,
drug dealers, arson, assault, or weapon charges.
Referral Sources: District attorney selects clients to be offered electronic
monitoring as a sentencing option.
Program Capacity: 260 (90% male, 10% female)
Program Cost: $4.00/day in addition to federal funding (amount not available)
Program Length: 3 months
Effectiveness Criteria: Recidivism; of 886 participants supervised in 1995, only
13 re-arrested.
Community Resources Used: Drug & alcohol treatment programs.
' Rank Justification: Positive recidivism results for a carefully screened
participant group. Program is working toward incorporating intermediate
program steps; including work release with night supervision on electronic
monitoring, followed by full-time electronic monitoring.
Program provides intensive supervision, supervised O.R. and electronic monitoring.
38
' Mother/Infant Care:
I.
Summit House
Karen Chapple, Exec. Dir.
612-B West Friendly
Greensboro, NC 27401
(910) 691-9888
' Program Description: Residential program for women felons and their children
ages 7 years and younger as a front-end alternative to incarceration. Provides
parenting, substance abuse treatment, life skills, employment and education
services through collaborations with community-based organizations.
Eligibility Criteria: Pregnant or parenting women with a felony conviction.
Screened by probation as high risk non-violent offenders.
Referral Sources: Probation and court
Program Capacity: 22 women and their children
' Program Cost: $1,000,000 annual budget. $54.00 per client/day, $44 per
child/day.
Program Length: 15-16 months
Community Resources Used: Substance abuse program providers, community
colleges (GED), mental health, health and pediatric service providers.
Effectiveness Criteria: Tracks recidivism; has documented an 80% success
rate. Improved outcomes and functioning for participants, including substance
abuse treatment and positive parenting skills.
Rank Justification: Provides a sentencing alternative with a well-rounded
' program of services; which are provided on-site or with community agencies.
Tracks outcomes; has recently expanded from one to three residential program
sites and added a day treatment program. A 1996 recipient of the Point's of Light
Foundation's President's Service Award. Confidential evaluation available.
39
' II.
Neil J. Houston House
Phyllis Buccio-Notaro, Interim Exec. Dir.
Social Justice for Women
59 Temple Place, Ste. 307
Boston, MA 02111
(617) 482-0747
Program Description: Residential pre-release program for pregnant and
' parenting women with a history of substance abuse and their infants. Provides
comprehensive on-site services including drug and alcohol treatment within a
relational model, access to medical care (high risk pregnancies), nutrition, meal
' planning, infant care. As participants prepare to leave program, provides
assistance with housing and other transitional needs; one year aftercare
component.
Eligibility Criteria: Women inmates identified through Project Catch the Hope
project at MCI-Framingham; minimum custody eligible, have minimum of 18
months remaining on sentence, screened and assessed at intake re program.
Referral Source: Project Catch the Hope and probation.
Program Capacity: 15 women and their infants
' Program Cost: $119.56 (billed) - $136.00 (real) per day. Annual budget
$643,000.
Program Length: One year
Community Resources Used: Health services, community colleges, food
banks, WIC, housing.
Effectiveness Criteria: Improved outcomes for women and their infants
determined through one year follow-up component.
Rank Justification: Since 1989, NJH has provided an excellent comprehensive
program with effective treatment components. Balances supervision with
1 program components that focus on substance abuse, life skills, and healthy
parenting. Outcome evaluation underway. Written materials available.
40 .
' Adult Mental Health:
Community Support Program
Jill Fuller, MSW, Administrator
Wisconsin Correctional Service
' 2023 W. Wisconsin Ave.
Milwaukee, WI 53233
(414) 344-6111; FAX (414) 344-2191
Program Description: Community-based program providing outpatient
mentally ill offenders (mostly schizophrenics) with a structured framework of
' services and benefits. Uses court imposed legal authority to monitor, provide
medication and benefits,to clients. Clients are seen 5 times a week.
Services Provided: Medical and therapeutic services, money management,
day reporting and close monitoring, housing and other support services.
Referral Sources: Probation, parole, private attorneys, court program staff,
self-referrals. Referrals which present a genuine alternative to incarceration are
given priority.
Eligibility Criteria: Adult men and women, screened by Municipal Court's
Central Intake Unit, pretrial service agencies, or on probation and display mental
symptoms which require intensive services.
' Program Capacity: 250
Residential Capacity: none
Program Cost: $3000 per client per year. Per diem cost not available.
' Program Length: Average 1 - 1 1/2 years.
Community Resources Used: Housing and other life skills support services.
Effectiveness Criteria: Compliance with medication, daily reporting, continued
ability to function independently with program support.
Rank Justification: Provides a successful "carrot and stick" approach by
linking medication compliance with money management. Program addresses
therapeutic needs and clients' desire to acquire benefits and live independently.
Profiled by NIJ. Written materials available.
41
' II.
Special Program for Offenders in Rehabilitation and Education (SPORE)
Jeffrey Hunsicker, Dir. Forensic Services
Lehigh County Probation
275 Linden St., Lower Level
Allentown, PA 18101
(610) 820-6416
Program Description: A collaborative program of Adult Probation and Mental
Health/Mental Retardation offices which provides for identification, screening
and supervision of mentally retarded/mentally ill offenders who have been
arrested, convicted and subject to probation, parole or rehabilitative supervision.
Works to raise awareness of professional service providers about the special
needs of clients.
' Services Provided: Mental health, intensive supervision, electronic monitoring
and house arrest components, day programs and employment services.
' Eligibility Criteria: Adults, age 18 or above, who are diagnosed as mentally
retarded or serious or with persistent mental illness, with a past history of
psychiatric hospitalization or emergency psychiatric services and have been
arrested and convicted of a criminal offense.
' Referral Sources: Probation (59%), defense attorneys, judges, MH/MR
personnel, pretrial services, prison personnel.
' Program Capacity: 150-180
Program Cost: $3.00/day.
' Program Length: Varies; length of supervision
Community Resources Used: Individual and family counseling, vocational and
academic training, child care and parenting, community mental health, housing,
independent living programs
Effectiveness Criteria: Success with unified treatment plans, compliance with
programming and supervision, increased employability, no re-offenses.
Rank Justification: Track record (1986), recipient of American
Probation/Parole Association's 1994 President's Award, lowered recidivism rates
for participants. Written materials available.
' 42
III.
Mentally Disordered Offender (MDO) Unit
Margaret Bednar
Cuyahoga County Probation
t1276 W. 3`d 5th Floor
Marion Bldg.
Cleveland, OH 44113
Program Description: Collaboration with case management by probation
officers and mental health workers to provide weekly supervision and
administration of medication to mental health cases as an alternative to prison or
jail.
Services Provided: Administers medications, provides supervision by weekly
meetings, home visits.
Eligibility Criteria: Adults; assessed and diagnosed with. DSM-IV diagnosis,
who are placed on probation and referred to MDO unit.
1 Referral Sources: Court probation, Pre-sentence investigators, defense
, p
attorneys.
Program Capacity: 150
Program Cost: Client cost not available. Annual budget $285,000.
Program Length: Varies; 6 months - 5 years.
Community Resources Used: Counseling services, substance abuse services
1 for mentally ill, housing.
Effectiveness Criteria: Progress through program components, less frequent
check-ins.
Rank Justification: Provides good collaborative services for supervision and
basic therapeutic needs. Planning to expand with a transitional housing
component. Effective collaborations with other agencies (i.e. SSI) to coordinate
billing of services and disbursement of entitlements to clients Works to insure
that service providers are familiar with the special needs of clients. Written
materials available.
' 43
' Adult Short-term Shock Incarceration:
1 I.
New York Shock Incarceration Program
David Aziz, Program Research Specialist
NY Department of Corrections1220 Washington Ave.
Albany, NY 12226
' (518) 457-8144
Program Description. Six month boot camp therapeutic community model with
"Network" based on control theory and Alcoholic Anonymous. Participant
platoons live in communities and engage in peer confrontation and life skills with
emphasis on discipline and therapeutic treatment.
Services Provided: education, substance abuse treatment, counseling and
physical training. Provides 6 month "aftershock" component for follow-up.
Referral Sources: Candidates are identified at reception into state correctional
system, offered option of 6 month shock incarceration and 6 month intensive
parole in exchange for longer sentences.
Eligibility Criteria: Sentenced men and women, ages 16 - 35, volunteers,
eligible for release within 3 years. Also screened for program suitability.
Program Capacity: 1800 (91% men, 9% women)
Program Cost: $65.75 per diem
Program Length: 6 months
Community Resources Used: During aftershock: job placement, vocational,
life skills (Vera Institute), relapse prevention (Fellowship Center), group
meetings and self-esteem building (Episcopal Mission Society).
Effectiveness Criteria: Cost avoidance benefits for further incarceration and
successful program completion.
Rank Justification: Proven track record ( 1987), used as model in other
jurisdictions, profiled by NIJ, documentation of program effectiveness re
recidivism and cost benefits.
' 44
I1. ,
Work Ethic Camp
Jackie Campbell
Wash. State Dept. of Corrections
PO Box 4106
Olympia, WA 98504-i 106
(206) 512-6501
Program Description: Short-term shock incarceration program operated by
Washington State Department of Corrections with labor, substance abuse
counseling and job readiness components.
Services Provided: Provides structured mandatory activities with individual
plans to address chemical dependency, education, employment, learning styles
and physical fitness. Transition services for release planning are also
developed.
Referral Sources: Self-referral or offered as a sentencing option by court.
' Classification and screening after sentencing.
Eligibility Criteria: Sentenced adults, ages 16-36, who are prison bound and
pass physical and mental exams; agree to program. Must be US citizens, no sex
offenders or statutorily defined history of violence.
Program Capacity: 150 (66% men, 33% women)
' Program Cost: Average cost per month is $1995. Per diem not available.
Program: 120-180 days
Community Resources Used: During aftercare - community colleges, law
enforcement for field checks, volunteer organizations.
Effectiveness Criteria: Successful completion of program and progress with
release plans.
RankJustification: Three ear track record with documented cost savings
analysis and internal (DOC) evaluation information. Written materials available.
45
' Supervised O.R.
' Pre-trial Electronic Monitoring
Cindy Mowery, Chief of Operations
Marion County Justice Center
200 E. Washington St., Ste. 901
Indianapolis, IND 46204
(317 327-3121
Program Description: One of the conditional release options for pre-trial adult
offenders. Program mission is to reduce jail overcrowding, provide the Court
with option to reduce the risk of"failure to appear" and/or pre-trial misconduct,
and to provide screened clients with an option at the time of arraignment.
Services Provided: Electronic monitoring through a contract with private
vendor.
Eligiblity Criteria: Varies; determined by the presiding judge.
Referral Sources: Court. All participants must have a phone.
Program Capacity: 50
Program Cost: Participants pay $75 fee plus $7/day. A federal grant to provide
funds for indigent participants is available.
Program Length: Varies; until sentencing.
Community Resources Used: None
Effectiveness Criteria: Reduction in jail overcrowding, "failure to appear" rate,
pre-trial misconduct.
1
' 46
CONTACT MASTER LIST: JUVENILE PROGRAMS
Aftercare:
Boot Camp Aftercare
Toni Barra, Dir., Adolescent Services
Stewart-Marchman Center
120 Michigan Avenue
Daytona Beach, FL 32114
(904) 947-1300
*Eckerd Re-Entry Programs
Judith W. Hill, Dir., Client & Social Services
' Eckerd Family Youth Alternatives, Inc.
100 N. Starcrest Drive
Clearwater, FL 3462
*Flexible Services Program
Joni Zimmerman, Community Resource Specialist
Oregon Youth Authority
530 Center Street, Ste. 200
Salem OR 97301
(503) 373-7581; FAX (503) 373-7622
Juvenile Aftercare Program
Gary Tipton
Community Services Dept.
' Arizona Juvenile Probation
1624 West Adams, Room 323
Phoenix AR 85007
' (602) 542-4157
*Spofford Aftercare Program
Cris Love-Fox
NYC Dept. of Juvenile Justice
1420 Bushwick Ave.
Brooklyn, NY 11207
(718) 574-1313
Youth Educational Services (YES)
Deborah Paratori, Dir.
3514 Broadway
Sacramento, CA 95817
(916) 732-3032
' 47
rWestmoreland Aftercare
Charles Sproule
Adelphoi Village
354 Main Street
Latrobe, PA 15650
(412) 537-3052
Dav Treatment:
Community 9 Based Program
Ted Blevins
Lena Pope Homes Inc.
4701 W. Rosedale Street
Ft. Worth, TX 76107
(817) 731-8681
New Life Day Treatment
' Carol Valencia
PO Box 203, Freeman School Board
' Harleysville, PA 19438
(610) 287-7884
*Olympic Center
Charles LaCroix, Unit Supervisor
San Joaquin County Probation Department/Juvenile Services
575 W. Matthews Rd.
French Camp, CA 95231
(209) 468-4051
j
*Proect Turnaround
. � and
Liz Curtin, Deputy Dir.
Crime & Justice Foundation
100 Warren Street
Roxbury, MASS 02119
(617) 427-4618
Ganq Intervention/Prevention:
F.O.C.U.S.
Cathy Shields
Santa Clara County Probation
840 Guadalupe Parkway
San Jose, CA. 95110
(408) 636-4070
FAX (408) 294-6879
' 48
' Gang Alternative Program (GAP) (ended 9/95)
Yolanda Leon
San Benito County Probation
471 4th Street
Hollister, CA 95110
1 (408) 636-4070
Gang Prevention
Rex Sager/Pam Gilyard
Sacramento County Probation
3201 Florin Perkins Road
Sacramento CA. 95824
(916) 386-7850
Gang Suppression:
*Specialized Gang Suppression Program
Paul Muntz, Dir.
Los Angeles County Probation Dept.
144 S. Fetterley Ave.
Los Angeles, CA 90022
(213) 780-2125
Gang Suppression ression Unit
Margaret Mudd
' Monterey County Juvenile Probation
1422 Natividad Road
Salinas, CA 93906
(408) 647-7638 or 755-3965
Mentoring:
Men of Distinction
Ron King, Dir.
1417 Charlotte Ave.
Nashville, TN 37203
(615) 329-3386
*Mentor Program
. Kelsey
Warren County Juvenile Court
300 East Silver Street
Lebanon, OH 45013
(513) 933-1267
49
Mentoring
Jeanne Lund, Prevention Specialist
State of Utah, Division of Youth Corrections
120 North 200 West, Ste. 419
Salt Lake City, Utah 84145-0500
t (801) 538-4086
Sacra-Mentor
' Yvette Woolfolk
Sacramento Superior Municipal Courts
9555 Kiefer Boulevard
Sacramento CA 95827
(916) 855-5513
FAX (916) 855-8397
Reciional Intake Assessment Center:
*System of Care
Gerald Harper, Chief Probation Officer
Placer County Probation Department
11564 C Avenue
Auburn, CA 95603
(916) 889-6700; FAX (916) 889-7950
Transition Facility:
Community Detention Program
' Diane Ivey
PO Box 809
Swainsboro, GA 30401
(912) 237-6591
"Good Samaritan Interim Group Home
' Judy Wright, Dir.
9847 Lincoln Village Drive
Sacramento, CA 95827
(916) 368-0634
Hawthorn Heights
Connie Edmonds
Mountain Youth Resources
PO Box 1715
Bryson City, NC 28713
(704) 488-6512
50 .
i
Trackers:
Trackers
Gini Highfield, Assistant Dir.
Div. of Youth Corrections
PO Box 45500
Salt Lake City, Utah 84145-050
(801) 538-4330
* written materials available
' 51
CONTACT MASTER LIST: ADULT PROGRAMS
Day Reporting:
Day Reporting Center
Hal Neese
Boulder County Community Corrections
PO Box 471
Boulder, CO 80306
(303) 441-3690
' *Day Reporting Center
Candance Nierow
Salt Lake City, Utah
(801)538-2149
' Day Reporting Center
Andrew Molloy
Virginia Department of Corrections
PO Box 26963
Richmond, VA 23261
(804) 674-3219
Day Reporting Center Program
Kathy Wyse
Maricopa County Adult Probation
111 S. 3 d Ave. 5th Floor, WCB-5
Phoenix, AR 85003
(602) 506-3688
' Day Reporting Program
Pat Yaniga, Supervisor
Prince George County Probation
1895 Brightseat Rd.
Andover, MA 20785
(301) 386-7600
' *Metropolitan Day Reporting Center
Liz Curtin, Deputy Dir.
Crime & Justice Foundation
67 Broad Street
' Boston, MASS 02109
(617) 439-3505
52
Non-Residential Alternative Program (NAP)
Bobby Masquiler, Dir. Community Services
1 180 Degrees
3381 Goham Ave.
St. Louis Park, MN 55426
' (612) 929-4008
*Work Release Program
Paul Sachet
Lane County, Oregon
(541) 687-4434
Day Treatment:
Day Program
Christy Yerk-Smith
The Program for Women and Families, Inc.
1031 Linden Street, 2"d Floor
Allentown, PA 18102
(610) 433-6556
Project Hope
' Bobby Masquiler
180 Degrees
3381 Goham Ave.
' St. Louis Park, MN 55426
(612) 929-4008
' Intensive Supervision:
*House Arrest Program
Jim Trozzi
Allegheny County Adult Probation
' 2945 Banksville Rd., Ste. 205
Pittsburgh, PA 15216
(412) 344-0247
' Super Intensive Probation Department (SIPP) (defunded 1.0/95;
David Wosnitzky
Houston, TX
(713) 754-8003
i
' 53
Mother/Infant Care:
*Neil J. Houston House
Phyllis Buccio-Notaro, Interim Exec. Dir.
Social Justice for Women
59 Temple Place, Ste. 307
Boston, MA 02111
(617) 482-0747
Summit House
Karen Chapple, Exec. Dir.
' 612-B West Friendly
Greensboro, NC 27401
' (910) 691-9888
Mental Health:
' *Community Support Program
Jill Fuller, MSW, Administrator
Wisconsin Correctional Service
2023 W. Wisconsin Ave.
Milwaukee, WI 53233
t (414) 344-6111; FAX (414) 344-2191
*Mentally Disordered Offender(MDO) Unit
' Margaret.Bednar
Cuyahoga County Probation
' 1276 W. 3`d, 5h Floor
Marion Bldg.
Cleveland, OH 44113 . .
216) 443-5475
*Special Program for Offenders in Rehabilitation and Education (SPORE)
Jeffrey Hunsicker, Dir. Forensic Services
275 Linden St., Lower Level
Allentown, PA 18101
(06 10) 820-6416
54
' Short Term Shock Incarceration:
New York Shock Incarceration Program
David Aziz, Program Research Specialist
NY Department of Corrections
' 1220 Washington Ave.
Albany, NY 12226
' (518) 457-8144
Santa Clara County Boot Camp (currently not operating)
Dan Vasquez
(408) 299-4005
*Shock Incarceration Program
Gayle Temple
New York State Div. of Parole
' 845 Central Avenue
Albany, NY 12206
(212) 417-2253
' Shock Probation Program
' Dennis Burgess, Institutional Manager
Virginia Department of Corrections
14380 Terrapin Drive
Capron, VA 23289
' (804) 658-4174
Southhampton Intensive Treatment Center(SITC)
Andrew Molloy
Virginia Department of Corrections
' PO Box 26963
Richmond, VA 23261
(804) 674-3219
' *Work Ethic Camp
Jackie Campbell
Wash. State Dept. of Corrections
PO Box 4106
Olympia, WA 98504-1106
(206) 512-6501
' 55
Supervised O.R.: (with or without electronic monitoring)
*House Arrest Program.
Nelson Studsman
Southbend, Indiana
(219) 533-8644
Pre-trial Electronic. Monitoring
Cindy Mowery, Chief of Operations
Marion County Justice Center
' 200 E. Washington St., Ste. 901
Indianapolis, IND 46204
(317 327-3121
' * written materials available
' 56