HomeMy WebLinkAboutORDINANCES - 01311984 - 84-03 (2) ORDINANCE NO. 84-3
(On Tree Obstruction of Views Combining District)
The Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors ordains as follows
(omitting the parenthetical footnotes from the official text of
the enacted or amended provisions of the County Ordinance Code):
SECTION I. Division 816 is added to the County Ordinance Code,
comprising Chapter 816-2 to provide for tree obstruction-of-view
standards and the "-TOV tree obstruction of views" combining
district, to read:
DIVISION 816 TREES
CHAPTER 816-2 -TOV TREE OBSTRUCTION OF VIEWS COMBINING
DISTRICT
ARTICLE 816-2.2 GENERAL
816-2.202 -TOV Combining District. All land. within a land
use district combined with a -TOV tree obstruction of views com-
bining district shall .be subject to the provisions in this
chapter.
_
(Ord. 84-3 . )
816-2.204 Purpose and Intent. The -purpose of this chapter is
to provide a method for private property owners to gain restora-
tion of views and sunlight lost due to tree growth by another pri-
vate property owner as defined in article 816-2.4. It is not
intended by this chapter to create any greater right to a view or
access to sunlight than existed at the time any claimant purchased
his property.
(Ord. 84-3 . )
816-2.206 Objectives . The objectives of, and the justifica-
tion for, this chapter are to:
( 1 ) Preserve and promote the aesthetic benefits provided by
trees, views of surrounding locale, and access to light.
(2) Preserve and promote the beneficial use and enjoyment of
privately owned land within the county.
(3) Preserve, maintain, and enhance property values within
the county.
(4) Discourage the maintenance of trees that provide
excessive shade and unduly diminish desirable views.
(Ord. 24-3 . )
ARTICLE 816-2.4 . DEFINITIONS
816-2.402 General. Unless otherwise specifically provided,
or required by he context , the following terms have these
meanings for the purposes of this chapter.
(Ord. ' 84-3 .)
816-2.404 Claimant. "Claimant" means any owner of real pro-
perty who believes in good faith that the growth, maintenance or
location of trees situated on the property of another diminishes
the beneficial use, economic value and enjoyment of his property,
and. who files a view claim under Section 816-2.424.
(Ord. L4-3 . )
ORDINANCE NO. 84-3 016
816-2.406 Obstruction. "Obstruction" means any blocking or
diminishin of a view by tree growth, maintenance or location.
(Ord . 84- . )
816-2.408 Thinning. "Thinning". means the selective removal
of entire branches from a tree so as to improve the tree' s struc-
tural condition.
(Ord. 84- 3 . )
816-2. 410 Topping. "Topping" means the removal of the upper
portion of a tree's trunk or primary leader.
(Ord . 84- 3 . )
816-2.412 Trimming. "Trimming" means the selective removal
of portions of branches from a tree so as to modify the tree's
form, shape or profile and/or improve the tree's appearance.
(Ord . 84- 3 . )
816-2. 414 Tree . "Tree" means any woody perennial plant ,
usually wi h one main trunk , attaining a height of at least eight
feet at maturity.
(Ord . 84- 3 . )
816-2.416 Tree Owner. "Tree owner" means the owner of real
property on which are situated tree(s ) whose growth , maintenance
or location allegedly diminishes the beneficial use , economic
value and enjoyment of the property of another.
(Ord. 84- 3 . )
816-2.418 Tree Removal . "Tree removal" means the destruction
of any tree by cutting, girdling, interfering with the water
supply, applying chemicals , or regrading around the base of the
trunk.
(Ord . 84- 3 . )
816-2.420 View. "View" means a range of sight including
pleasing vistas or prospects or scenes . Views include , but are
not limited to, the sight of geologic features , bays , oceans , sky
lines , bridges and distant cities .
(Ord. 84- 3 . )
816-2.422 View Arbitrator. "View arbitrator" means any
person mutually agreed to by the claimant and tree owner, a
landscape architect registered and licensed by the State of
California or other selected in accordance with applicable
Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association.
(Ord . 84- 3 . )
816-2.424 View Claim. "View claim" means the claimant 's
verified written basis for arbitration or court action under this
chapter, which clearly establishes all of the following:
( 1 ) The precise nature and extent of the alleged view
obstruction and particulars of the manner in which it diminishes
the beneficial use , economic value and enjoyment of the claimant 's
property, including all pertinent corroborating physical evidence
available.
(2) The exact location of all trees alleged to cause a view
obstruction, the address of the property upon which the trees are
located , and the present tree owner's name and address . This
requirement may be satisfied by the inclusion of tree location,
property address and tree owner information on a valid property
survey or plot . plan submitted with the view claim.
(3) Any mitigating actions proposed by the parties involved
to resolve the alleged view claim.
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ORDINANCE NO. 84- 3
1-17-84
(4) The failure of personal communication between the
claimant and the tree owner to resolve the alleged view obstruc-
tion as set forth in this chapter. The claimant must provide phy-
sical evidence that written attempts at conciliation have been
made and failed. Such evidence may include, but is not limited
to, copies of and receipts for certified or registered mail
correspondence.
(
84-3 )
816-2.426 Windowing. "Windowing" means the creation of a
limited horizontal viewing plan through the head of a tree or
trees.
(Ord. 84-3 . )
ARTICLE 816-2.6 STANDARDS
816-2.602 General . Unless otherwise specifically provided,
the provisions of this article are to be utilized to resolve view
claim disputes.
( 81. )
816-2.604 Rights . A claimant has no right greater than that
which existed at the time of the claimant's acquisition of the
property involved in the view claim, and shall provide evidence to
prove the extent of that original view and right.
(Ord. 84-3 , . )
816-2.606 View Character. The character of a view shall be
determined by evaluating:
(1 ) The vantage point(s) from which the view is obtained;
(2) The existance of landmarks or other unique features in
the view; and
(3) The extent to which the view is diminished by factors
other than the tree(s) involved in the claim.
(Ord. 84-3. )
816-2.608 Obstruction. The character of the view obstruction
shall be determined by evaluating:
( 1 ) The extent of the .alleged view obstruction, expressed as
a percentage of the total view, and calculated by means of a
surveyor's transit or by photography or both; and
(2) The extent to which landmarks or other unique features in
the view are obstructed.
(Ord. - 84-3 . )
816-2.610 Benefits and Burdens. The extent of benefits
and/or burdens derived from the alleged view obstruction tree' (s)
shall be determined with consideration: given to the tree(s) '
contribution to the following factors:
(1 ) Visual screening;
(2) Wildlife habitat;
(3) Soil stability, as measured by soil structure, degree of
slope and extent of tree(s) root system;
(4) Energy conservation and/or climate control, and/or inter-
ferance in efficient operations of claimant's solar energy
systems;
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--4'78
ORDINANCE NO. 84-3
(5) Effects on neighboring vegetation;
(6) Visual quality of the tree(s) , including but not limited
to species characteristics, size, form, texture, color, vigor
and location;
(7) The economic value of the tree(s) , as measured by the
criteria developed by the American Society of Landscape
Architects; and
(8) Other tree-related factors, including but not limited to
indigenous tree species, specimen tree quality, rare tree species,
and historical value.
(Ord. 84-3 . )
816-2.612 Restoration Evaluation. Any restorative action
shall be evaluated based on the standards of this article and con-
sideration of the following:
( 1 ) The effectiveness of the restorative action in reducing
the view obstruction;
(2) Any adverse impact of the restorative action on the bene-
fits derived from the tree(s) in questions;
(3) The structural and biological effects of the restorative
action on the tree(s) in question; and
(4) The cost of the restorative action, as determined by con-
sultation with licensed landscape architects.
(Ord. 84-3 . )
816-2.614 Restoration Limits. Restorative actions shall be
limited to the following:
( 1 ) Trimming;
(2) Thinning;
(3) Windowing;
(4) Topping;
(5) Tree removal with •necessary replacement planting; and/or
(6) No action.
(Ord. 84-3 . )
816-2.616 Restoration Implementation. All restorative
actions shall be undertaken subject to the following:
(1 ) Restorative actions must be consistent with all applicable
statutes, ordinances, and regulations.
(2) Where possible, restorative actions shall be limited to
the trimming and/or thinning of branches; but, when is not a
feasible solution, windowing is the preferable solution.
. (3) When thinning, trimming and windowing of branches is not
a feasible solution, topping shall be considered.
(4) Tree removal shall only be considered when all other
restorative actions are judged to be ineffective and shall be
accompanied by replacement plantings of appropriate plant material
necessary to restore the maximum level of benefits lost due to
tree removal. Replacement plantings can be required on the tree
owner's or the claimant's property.
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ORDINANCE NO. 84-3
(5) In those cases where tree removal eliminates or signifi-
cantly reduces the tree owner's benefits of shading, visual
screening, or privacy, replacement screen plantings shall , at the
tree owner's option, be established prior to tree removal; not-
withstanding the provisions of (4) hereinabove, the tree owner may
choose tree removal with replacement plantings as an alternative
to trimming, thinning, windowing, or topping.
( 6) All trimming, thinning, windowing, topping or removal
required under this chapter must be performed by a qualified tree
trimmer or as approved by the view arbitrator.
(Ord . 84- 3 . )
ARTICLE 816-2.8 PROCEDURE
816-2.802 Initial Reconciliation. A claimant who believes in
good faith that the growth, maintenance, or location of trees
situated on the property of another diminishes the beneficial use ,
economic value and enjoyment of views naturally accruing to the
claimant 's property shall notify the tree owner in writing of such
concerns . The submission of said notification to the tree owner
should be accompainied by personal discussions , if possible, to
enable the claimant and the tree owner to attempt to reach a
mutually agreeable solution to the alleged view obstruction in
accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
(Ord . 84- 3 . )
816-2.804 Arbitration. Where the initial reconciliation pro-
cess fails , the claimant and the tree owner may elect binding
arbitration pursuant to this chapter to resolve the alleged view
obstruction. The view arbitrator shall be fully qualified under
this chapter and shall be agreed to by both the claimant and the
tree owner, who shall indicate such agreement in writing and with
the arbitrator's consent . The arbitration agreement may provide
for employment of experts representing the parties or may be
limited to an investigation of the view claim conducted by the
view arbitrator. The view arbitrator shall follow the terms and
conditions of this chapter to reach a fair resolution of the view
claim, and shall submit a complete written report to the claimant
and the tree owner . The report shall include the view
arbitrator's findings with respect to all standards listed in
article 816--2. 6 and a complete listing of all mandated restorative
actions . All mandated restorative actions shall be implemented
within thirty (30) days of the delivery of the arbitration report
to the claimant and the tree owner, or within such other period
recommended by expert advice to be required by seasons of the
year , type of tree, etc. The findings of the view arbitrator
shall be final .
(Ord. 84- 3 . )
816-2. 806 Costs . The costs of arbitration and all mandated
restorative actions and/or replacement plantings shall be appor-
tioned between the claimant and the tree owner as mutually agreed
to, or in the absence of agreement as, follows:
( 1 ) The claimant and tree owner shall each pay 50% of such
costs in those cases involving any tree planted by the tree owner
subsequent to March 1 , 1984 .
(2) In all other cases , the claimant shall pay 100% of such
costs .
(Ord . 84- 3 . )
816-2.808 Litigation. In those cases where the initial
reconciliation process fails to resolve the view claim and binding
arbitration is not chosen by the parties , civil legal action may
be pursued by the claimant .
(Ord. 84- 3 . )
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ORDINANCE NO. 84- 3
1-17-84
ARTICLE 816-2. 10 LIABILITIES AND ENFORCEMENT
816-2. 1002 Liabilities. The issuance of an arbitration
report pursuant to this e apter does not establish any public use
or access not already in existence with regard to the property for
which the arbitration report and decision are issued, and does not
create any liability for the county, any other public agency or
entity, or the arbitrator with regard to any restorative actions
or replacement plantings to be performed.
(Ord. 84- 3 , )'
816-2. 1004 Enforcement. Violations of this chapter are not
misdemeanors or infractions . Enforcement of this chapter shall be
by the involved private parties. Any claimant -may seek to enforce
any restorative action mandated pursuant to this chapter through
ordinary legal proceedings.
(Ord. 84- 3 , )
SECTION II . EFFECTIVE DATE. This ordinance becomes effective 30
days after passage, and within 15 days of passage shall be
published once with the names of supervisors voting for and
against it in the CONTRA COSTA TIMES , a newspaper
published in this County.
PASSED on January 31 , 1984 , 198' t by the following vote:
AYES: Supervisors - Powers, Fanden, Schroder, McPeak, Torlakson.
NOES: Supervisors - None.
ABSENT: Supervisors - None.
ATTEST: J. R. OLSSON, County Clerk
& ex officio Clerk of the Board
Diana M. Nerm n Deputy Clerk BOARD CHAIR
[SEAL]
VJW:df
10-13-83
11-29-83
1-31-84
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08,
ORDINANCE NO. 84-3