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HomeMy WebLinkAboutMINUTES - 10172006 - SD.3 a FHS # 2 Contra TO: Board of Supervisors COStc1 FROM: Family and Human Services Committee sra coiiK'� County DATE: October 17, 2006 SUBJECT: OVERSIGHT OF SERVICE INTEGRATION SPECIFIC REQUEST(S)OR RECOMMENDATION(S)&BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION Recommendation: CONSIDER accepting report from the Employment and Human Services, Service Integration Team Program Manager on the activities and achievements of the Contra Costa County Service Integration Program, as recommended by the Family and Human Services Committee. Fiscal Impact: None Background: Contra Costa County's Service Integration Program is a multi-disciplinary collaboration of staff from the County Departments of Employment and Human Services, Health Services, Probation, County Administrator's Office, Mount Diablo Unified School District, West Contra Costa Unified School District, community-based organizations and neighborhood residents. This report summarizes some of the Service Integration Program's key innovations and contributions to improving the wellbeing of Contra Costa children, families and communities. It presents highlights of the Service Integration Program's activities and accomplishments since establishment of the program in 1994; new initiatives currently being piloted in response to local community needs; participant outcomes used to evaluate effectiveness of the program; and a description of the Service Integration Program's efforts to balance its budget and diversify its funding base to maintain services during these difficult budget times. CONTINUED ON ATTACHMENT: X YES SIGNTURE: _ RECOMMENDATION OF COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR RECOMMENDATION OF OARD COMMITTEE ��APPROVE OTHER SIGNATURE(S): lJ DeSAULNIER v4F - MARKL GLOVER ACTION OF BOARD ON 10/11/~ APPROVE AS RECOMMENDED OTHER VOTE OF SUPERVISORS I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS IS A TRUE UNANIMOUS (ABSENT ) AND CORRECT COPY OF AN ACTION TAKEN AND ENTERED ON THE MINUTES OF THE BOARD AYES: NOES: OF SUPERVISORS ON THE DATE SHOWN. ABSENT: ABSTAIN: QQ ATTESTED v CC" ( r7 JOHN CULLEN,CLERK OF THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS AND COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR Contact Person: Dorothy Sansoe(5-1009) CC: CAO - HSD d» . EHSD BY:� r l— �— DEPUTY REQUEST' TO SPEAK FORM S_ (THREE (3) MINUTE LIMIT) Co7isorm andplace it in the box near the speakers' rostrum before addressing the Board. Name: J U I Ie- IHDMA5ST 1?'pAeAee5PQn&T►v phone: C�1� 5� a5 a Address: �fOS 01 I lbw 4a-56 1�pad City: 10111t (Address and phone number are optional; please note that this card will become a ublic record kept on file with the Clerk of the Board in association with this meeting) n I am speaking for myself or organization: �A_14 PC)I n t ��. N. �1 ci4ma l a I T- CHECK ONE: S , ] 1 wish to speak on Agenda Item # S 3 Date: )C41 �o My comments will be: WGeneral ❑ For ❑ Against ❑ I wish to speak on the subject of: ❑ 1 do not wish to speak but would like to leave these comments for the Board to consider: I Please see reverse for instructions and important information i Z. VVlILIC3 TO: Board of Supervisors 2 Costa a FROM: Family and Human Services Committee �osrq�a K County DATE: October 17, 2006 SUBJECT: OVERSIGHT OF SERVICE INTEGRATION D'3 SPECIFIC REQUEST(S)OR RECOMMENDATION(S)&BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION Recommendation: CONSIDER accepting report from the Employment and Human Services, Service Integration Team Program Manager on the activities and achievements of the Contra Costa County Service Integration Program, as recommended by the Family and Human Services Committee. Fiscal Impact: None Background: Contra Costa County's Service Integration Program is a multi-disciplinary collaboration of staff from the County Departments of Employment and Human Services, Health Services, Probation, County Administrator's Office, Mount Diablo Unified School District,West Contra Costa Unified School District, community-based organizations and neighborhood residents. This report summarizes some of the Service Integration Program's key innovations and contributions to improving the wellbeing of Contra Costa children,families and communities. It presents highlights of the Service Integration Program's activities and accomplishments since establishment of the program in 1994; new initiatives currently being piloted in response to local community needs; participant outcomes used to evaluate effectiveness of the program; and a description of the Service Integration Program's efforts to balance its budget and diversify its funding base to maintain services during these difficult budget times. CONTINUED ON ATTACHMENT: A YES SIGNTURF: D, RECOMMENDATION OF COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR RECOMMENDATION OF OARD COMMITTEE =APPROVE OTHER - SIGNATURE(S): _ MARK DeSAULNIER FED RAL GLOVER ACTION OF BOARD ON APPROVE AS RECOMMENDED OTHER VOTE OF SUPERVISORS - 1 HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS IS A TRUE UNANIMOUS (ABSENT ) AND CORRECT COPY OF AN ACTION TAKEN AND ENTERED ON THE MINUTES OF THE BOARD AYES: NOES: OF SUPERVISORS ON THE DATE SHOWN, ABSENT: ABSTAIN: ATTESTED - . JOHN CULLEN,CLERK OF THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS AND COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR Contact Person: Dorothy Sansoe(5.1009) CC: CAO HSD EHSD TO: Family and Human Services Committee Supervisor Mark DeSaulnier Supervisor Federal Glover FROM: Paul Buddenhagen, Program Manager, Service Integration Program SUBJECT: Report on the Contra Costa County Service Integration Program DATE: October 2, 2006 RECOMMENIDATION ACCEPT the attached report on the activities and achievements of the Contra Costa County Service Integration Program. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Established in 1994, the Contra Costa County Service Integration Program co-locates County and non- profit agency service providers and community residents in neighborhood-based centers to provide accessible, coordinated public services tailored to meet the specific needs and goals of low-income families,while also engaging families in resident-driven efforts to revitalize their communities. The success of this program's Service Integration Team (SIT) model stems from the synergistic relationship between its two key program components: (1) integrated case management services and (2) neighborhood-building activities. The Service Integration Program is widely recognized as a leader in the development of successful strategies that improve outcomes for low-income children, youth and families. Key Service Integration innovations include: Developing new paradigms of inter-agency collaboration and creating necessary tools to support this work, including cross-agency information-sharing protocols, an integrated case management system and an effective family conferencing model. br Redefining_County-community partnerships to help fundamentally shift the way in which our public agencies work with residents of low-income communities. Launching new initiatives and strategies, such as free tax preparation services (Volunteer Income Tax Assistance), community career centers, employment-focused service delivery and the Verde Involving Parents Program. h' Serving as a local model of public sector"systems change" by implementing performance- based results and new strategies for leveraging public and private investments. The success of the Service Integration model is evident in the measurable improvements achieved in the lives of the children, families and communities it serves. Recent examples of Service Integration Program outcome measures include: The Service Integration Program's Verde Involving Parents (VIP) Program increased school attendance at North Richmond's Verde Elementary School from 88.9% in 1999/2000 to 92.8% in 2005/06. 1v For the 2006 tax season Bay Point Works' staff prepared and filed 196 tax returns, saving low- income community residents more than $20,000 in filing fees, while helping put $255,148 in federal tax refunds back in the pockets of working poor Bay Point residents, including $106,183 in Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) refunds. Due to the effectiveness of this model,the Service Integration Program has received local, state and national awards; has been the subject of articles and research studies; and frequently is represented by Service Integration staff at conferences as a"best practice" model. The Service Integration Program raised more than$450,000 in public and private grant awards and contracts in FY 04/05 & FY 05/06. So far this fiscal year Service Integration has raised over$400,000 and is actively working to increase these revenues. As public and private budgets continue to constrict in upcoming years, the obstacles associated with maintaining the Service Integration Program will remain great, despite the unquestionable value of our services. We will persist in our efforts to seek new and creative approaches to support this important program. BACKGROUND Established in 1994, the Service Integration Program is a multi-disciplinary collaboration of three Contra Costa County departments (Employment& Human Services, Health Services and Probation), two school districts, community-based organizations (CBOs) and neighborhood residents. The Service Integration Program's two Family Service Centers were designed to take an innovative approach to working with families that historically have posed some of the greatest challenges to service providers: families involved in two or more county programs who live in the County's most socio-economically disadvantaged communities. This unique model co-locates County and non-profit agency service providers and community residents in neighborhood-based centers to provide accessible, coordinated public services tailored to meet the specific needs and goals of low-income families, while also engaging families in resident-driven efforts to revitalize their communities. The success of the Service Integration Program model stems from the synergistic relationship between its two key program components: (1) integrated case management services and (2) neighborhood- building activities. The integrated case management services component places cross-disciplinary Service Integration Teams (SITS) comprised of Public Health Nurses, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Counselors, Employment Specialists, Probation Officers, School Family Resource Workers, Social Workers and other specialists in Family Service Centers located in Bay Point and North Richmond, two Contra Costa neighborhoods with among the highest concentrations of families in greatest need of services. Based on the premise that the challenges facing low-income families and communities are inter- related,these teams embrace a holistic approach. The teams focus on the whole family unit, rather than just the individual, and build upon family strengths to provide services driven by and customized to each family's unique circumstances. In addition to providing families with more personalized services in the communities where they live,this multi-disciplinary approach produces a 2 comprehensive, consistent strategy for each family, reducing conflicting expectations and demands made by different programs. The Service Integration Program's two neighborhood-building projects, Bay Point Works (BPW) and the North Richmond Empowerment Collaborative (NREC), were born out of the recognition that an integrated team of county and community-based organization staff was a necessary, but not sufficient mechanism for addressing the full range of challenges facing the communities of Bay Point and North Richmond/San Pablo. BPW and NREC were designed to harness the talents and skills of neighborhood residents in the process of revitalizing their communities. This strategy has galvanized the creation of highly innovative and successful programs (designed specifically by and for community members)that support and build upon local cultures and traditions and fill critical gaps in the formal service delivery system. Perhaps most important of all, the neighborhood-building projects have expanded the long-term capacity of the Bay Point and North Richmond/San Pablo communities by developing the skills of numerous neighborhood residents and providing opportunities for them to give back to and build stronger connections in the neighborhoods where they live. BPW's community-building efforts started with the establishment of the Bay Point Community Career Center in May 1998 and have expanded steadily from there. Every year since, BPW has strengthened its services and, in turn, helped more and more Bay Point residents get jobs, keep jobs and move up the job ladder. In recent years, BPW has offered a number of supportive services that go well beyond the traditional employment services package, such as free income tax preparation for low-income Bay Point workers to help them capture the benefits of the Earned Income Tax Credit(FITC) and free structured activities for the young children of"working poor"parents during school holidays. NREC's community-building activities also initially focused on boosting neighborhood employment. Early successes included reinstituting night bus services in North Richmond, creating several in-home family day care centers and establishing the North Richmond Community Career Resource Center, which continues to serve neighborhood residents after having been spun off to a CBO in 2000. After making a number of strides in the area of employment,NREC decided to take on an issue of great importance to neighborhood residents: low levels of student success and parental involvement at Verde Elementary School. This focus resulted in the establishment of NREC's Verde Involving Parents (VIP) Program, which has played a critical role in initiating and sustaining the renaissance of Verde Elementary School over the past six years. This report to the Family and Human Services Committee of the Board of Supervisors summarizes some of the Service Integration Program's key innovations and contributions to improving the wellbeing of Contra Costa children, families and communities over the past 12 years. This report then presents highlights of the Service Integration Program's activities and accomplishments. SERVICE INTEGRATION PROGRAM AS A LEADER IN "REST PRACTICES" Since its inception over a decade ago,the Service Integration Program has emerged as a leader in the development of successful strategies that improve outcomes for low-income children, youth and families. The Service Integration Program reaches far beyond the traditional "agency service provider" model by involving low-income residents as integral partners in the process of addressing the needs and aspirations of the neighborhoods where they live. This small, inter-agency program draws down flexible funding from private foundations and outside contracts to complement more traditional federal, state and county funding streams. As a result, Service Integration has managed to 3 maintain a flexibility and inventiveness unusual to public sector agencies. The program has launched programmatic, fiscal and organizational innovations that have laid the foundations for the development of more effective and efficient services to children, families and communities countywide. Due to the effectiveness of the Service Integration model, Contra Costa County has received local, statewide and national recognition and has been the subject of research papers and studies, including: North Richmond Gets Its Buses Back: How a Poor Community and an Urban Transit Agency Struck Up a Partnership (Institute of Governmental Studies Press, University of California, Berkeley, 1999), which focuses on NREC's successful strategy for partnering with A.C. Transit to bring night-time bus service back to North Richmond; and A Case Study on North Richmond(Abt Associates, on behalf of the Ford Foundation, 2004), which highlights the VIP Program as a successful model of school- community revitalization. The latter study credits VIP as being "largely responsible for the major improvements in school attendance,parent involvement and student behavior that have taken place at Verde..." The Service Integration Program also continues to share information with people interested in learning more about our unique model. In February 2006, Alameda County Superior Court Judge David Krashna, heading the Oakland Think Tank, invited SIT to present the VIP model. Judge Krashna is presenting a truancy improvement plan resolution to the Oakland City Council recommending that the VIP model be studied and replicated in Oakland schools to reduce truancy and strengthen communities. Some of the Service Integration Program's major areas of innovation are summarized below: Inter-Agency Collaboration: Service Integration has been at the vanguard of Contra Costa's efforts to develop effective models of collaboration and cross-program and -agency partnerships, paving the way for greater collaboration countywide. Service Integration has developed new organizational structures to support this collaboration at the management oversight level (e.g., the inter-agency Service Integration Executive Oversight Committee), as well as at the frontline service delivery level(e.g., multi-disciplinary teams). The infrastructure and tools established through Service Integration's partnership model (e.g., shared supervision,team decision-making, etc.) and the relationships that have formed as a result have laid the groundwork for and facilitated the success of many other inter-agency initiatives. County-Community Partnerships: Service Integration has redefined relationships between public agencies and residents of low-income neighborhoods while developing a viable model for bridging the all too common gap between agency "service providers" and the communities they serve. In 1997, in the wake of Federal Welfare Reform, each of the SIT sites engaged neighborhood residents in planning efforts to determine how these communities could succeed in this new policy environment. These efforts resulted in the establishment of two innovative community-building projects, BPW and NREC. Cross-Ageney Information-Sharing: Working together, key Service Integration partner agencies (i.e., EHSD, CCHS, Probation, CAO) and County Counsel developed Contra Costa's first informed consent agreement for integrated services in 1994. This confidentiality release gives permission for Service Integration staff from participating agencies to share information to better serve families. This"Agreement to Participate" form served as a model for more recent integrated services programs, such as the mental health"Spirit of Caring" Initiative, and contributed to the establishment of the Service Integration Program as Contra Costa's first official "Multi-Disciplinary Children's Services Team". 4 Outcomes/Performance-Based. Accountability: Service Integration spearheaded Contra Costa County's early efforts to implement performance-based accountability. In the early- and mid- 1990's, the inter-agency Service Integration Management Team developed a set of meaningful outcomes that could be used to evaluate the success of the Service Integration Program by concretely measuring the program's impact on the lives of children and families. Service Integration staff has diligently tracked these program results since 1996. Service Integration's novel approach led to wider adoption of outcome measures by other County programs and laid the groundwork for the 1997 establishment of Contra Costa's Children and Families Report Card. More recently, the July/August 2004 issue of the Children's Advocate included an article entitled "Measuring Success: Evaluation Strategies Help Family Support Programs Prove They Make a Difference". This article featured the VIP Program's success at measuring the impact of its work in terms of improved school attendance and increased revenue to the school district. Leveraging Public and Private Investments: Service Integration has designed its fiscal strategy around encouraging private foundations and other funders who do not typically support county ventures to invest in innovation in the public sector The Service Integration Program raised more than $450,000 in public and private grant awards and contracts in FY 04/05 & FY 05/06. So far this fiscal year Service Integration has raised over $400,000 and is actively working to increase these revenues. Through its strong track record of capturing measurable results,promoting public-private partnerships and engaging community residents in the process of bettering their neighborhoods and their lives, Service Integration has helped to convince many new funding partners that investments in the public sector can galvanize sustainable individual, family, neighborhood and systems change. Holistic, Integrated Case Management System: The Service Integration Program pioneered the County's first integrated case management process. Focusing on the whole family unit, rather than just the individual, this process allows SIT staff to build upon family strengths and provide services driven by and tailored to each family's unique needs. Service Integration created the Family Assessment Record to support the development of comprehensive plans for addressing issues in a range of interdependent life domains, such as child care, child and adult health, transportation, school, employment and other social supports. First developed in 1995, this tool and the SIT case management process as a whole have been refined over the years to support continuous improvement and better integration of Service Integration services. Family Conferencing: The Service Integration Program's "Family Conferencing" model brought a new way of doing business to Contra Costa County. Service Integration began conducting inter-agency case conferences with client families in the mid-1990s. The success of our family conferencing model helped open the doors for similar family-focused models in Contra Costa, such as "Wraparound"in Children's Mental Health and"Team Decision Making" in Children and Family Services. Employment-Focused Ser-vice Delivery: In 1995, prior to the passage of Welfare Reform, Service Integration was the first County program to implement an employment-focused service delivery model. The Service Integration model transitioned "eligibility workers" into "employment case managers" and tapped into the resources of all disciplines to move welfare recipients into the workforce. Due to the effectiveness of this model, the Service Integration Program was invited to co-develop EHSD's redesign plan for restructuring its eligibility determination function into an employment-focused service delivery strategy. Free Tax :Preparation Services (Volunteer Income Tax Assistance): In 2003, the Service Integration Program piloted the Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) free tax preparation model at the Bay Point and North Richmond SIT sites. Based on the success of this'pilot, 5 Service Integration played a lead role, along with a number of other partner agencies, in launching a countywide VITA campaign in 2004: Earn It!Keep It!Save It!Contra Costa. Community Career Centers: In May 1998, the Bay Point SIT's BPW project established the Bay Point Community Career Center, a forerunner to the County's One-Stop Career Center system. In January 2000,NREC established a second Community Career Center in North Richmond. The Career Centers introduced community-based employment resources delivered via a neighbor-helping-neighbor model to the communities of Bay Point and North Richmond. The Bay Point Career Center, which is still under the auspices of BPW, has enrolled over 5,000 members over the past seven years and receives over 7,600 visits annually. Verde Involving Parents (VIP): Service Integration's VIP Program, established in February 2001, has reaped impressive results. VIP is a team effort of parents, students,teachers and county agencies and non-profit organization staff who live and work in North Richmond. Their goal: get our children to school—every day, on time and ready to learn. Due to the dramatic impact of VIP on student attendance and parent involvement at Verde Elementary School, the West Contra Costa Unified School District(WCCUSD) invested $125,000 in the VIP Program during the 03/04 and 04/05 school years. During the first half of 2004, at the request of WCCUSD Superintendent Dr. Gloria Johnston,the VIP staff and managers met with principals and staff from four low-performing elementary schools to offer technical assistance and training on the VIP school improvement model. In summer 2004, the VIP Program presented the WCCUSD with a Training Handbook to support its VIP replication efforts. Later this year, we hope to replicate VIP at Helms Middle School in San Pablo. NEW SIT INITIATIVES One of the Service Integration Program's strengths is its flexibility to respond to local, community need in a supportive and outcomes focused way. This dexterity has allowed SIT to pilot many new ideas that can then be replicated in other locations. Some of the new ideas and programs that SIT is currently operating or working hard to bring to Contra Costa County follow: Fathers—The Service Integration Program is currently negotiating with researchers at UC Berkeley, Yale, and the Office of Child Abuse Prevention to pilot an African American fatherhood program aimed at improving father/mother relations and thereby increasing positive outcomes for children. Talks are underway and hopefully this program will be up and running in North Richmond within a couple of months. Girls—This is our fourth year of offering the Girls Group in North Richmond. Designed to °improve girls' academic results, social development, and self-esteem,the girls group remains popular- SIT received more than twenty requests from girls ages 9-12 to participate in our group this year. For the first time we are collaborating with Community Access Ticket Service, which will provide the girls with free tickets to a wide range of the Bay Area's best cultural and entertainment experiences—something near at hand, yet inaccessible to the girls in many of our communities. 8 Systems—Bay Point Works isproud to be Contra CostaCounty's first ' tr�Az"-,&EASTBAYWorks Affiliate Site. This relationship will greatly enhance the collaboration between BPW and the One-Stop sites in Contra Costa, thus helping 6 create a more seamless and easy to navigate system for job East Bay job seekers. n f > , ,Kids—Based on the Verde Involving Parents (VIP)Program's success at improving t attendance rates, improving the school environment, and increasing parent involvement, the �'V'W Service Integration Program was asked by the S.H. Cowell Foundation to submit a full proposal to expand the program to Helms Middle School. We are hopeful that before the end of the year we will be hiring 3 parents of children at Helms to begin running the HIP program. Or Mentors - This pilot program is collaboration between SIT and the County Office of Education. The SIT program is providing space, supervision and curriculum, while the County Office of Education Youth employment program provides hourly pay to the teens. This after school program involves four adolescents (ages 8-12) who will be matched with four teen mentors (ages 16-18). The mentors will focus on the academic progress of mentees and social emotional wellness throughout the school year. The program design is a spin off of our summer activities group. The teens will receive supervision by our clinical mental health worker, MSW interns and the SIT Coordinator. ACTIVITY HIGHLIGHTS AND OUTCOMES A critical aspect of the Service Integration Program is its emphasis on tracking participant outcomes. Through outcomes, SIT staff members are able to evaluate their effectiveness based on measurable improvements in the lives of the children, families and communities they serve. The outcome data and activity highlights that follow are primarily for the 2005 calendar year The Service Integration approach emphasizes earlier intervention and greater client contact, allowing SIT staff to get involved with families before situations reach crisis levels. In addition, SIT staff members typically stay involved with families longer, providing"informal"services to ensure that families are able to sustain these higher levels of functioning. Through intensive contact with other community service providers, SIT staff is able to keep a closer eye on participant families to make sure that children are obtaining needed health care services, attending school and are living safely in their own homes. Family functioning outcomes indicate the continued success of this approach: O A notable percentage of children served by the SIT child welfare workers have been successfully maintained in their homes. In 2005, 98% of the 323 children served by the North Richmond SIT's two child welfare workers remained at home and 96%of the 315 children served by the Bay Point SIT's child welfare worker remained at home. O During 2005, Bqy Point SIT youth on probation attended school on average 74% of school days each month. North Richmond SIT youth on probation attended school on average 60% of school days each month. O In 2005, 99%of the SIT clients served by the Bay Point Public Health Nurse (PHN) and 92% of the SIT clients served by North Richmond PHN had a"medical home".' O The Service Integration Program's team-based approach to transitioning individuals with severe substance abuse and mental health problems into treatment continues to yield positive results. In these fields in general, entry rates into treatment tend to be extremely low. We are proud that 17 out of 27 SIT clients referred to substance abuse and mental health(SAMH)treatment by our SAMH Counselor during the FY 05106 successfully entered treatment. ' Having a"medical home" is defined as having medical insurance and/or having a regular medical provider. 7 MAINTAINING MUCH NEEDED SERVICES IN CHALLENGING 'TIMES The Service Integration Program has an unwavering commitment to delivering high-quality, comprehensive services to residents of Bay Point and North Richmond/San Pablo—even in the face of diminishing public funds. Current fiscal difficulties do continue to pose serious challenges to the Service Integration Program. The Service Integration Program's costs are spread across the budgets of three county departments (Employment and Human Services, Health Services and Probation), as well as in a separate budget unit for the Service Integration Program. Staff members assigned by their departments to work at one of the program's Family Service Centers remain within their department's budget(although their work is jointly supervised by the Service Integration Program and their"home" departments). The public deficit has created increasing pressure on the County departments that have permanent county staff out-stationed at the SIT sites to return to a more traditional, centralized service delivery system. To compensate, and to develop new services, Service Integration Program staff has worked hard to raise funds via outside grants, contracts and awards. The Service Integration Program has brought in outside funding totaling more than $2,000,000 during the past six years, and continues to work hard to bring outside private and public revenue into Contra Costa County's poorest communities. The projected FY 06/07 budgets for BPW and NREC total approximately $508,000. Despite the many benefits of this grants-based funding strategy, this approach requires an enormous investment of administrative resources, taking time away from program improvement and expansion efforts. As public and private budgets continue to constrict in upcoming years, we know that the obstacles associated with maintaining the Service Integration Program will remain great, despite the unquestionable value of our services. We will persist in our efforts to seek new and creative approaches to support these important services. 8