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MINUTES - 09092003 - C.18 DRAFT
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........I..,..,.''.,......11.1.... ....I'll.....11...........-......I..,... ............................................................... .............................. ......................................................................................... ..................................................................................................... ...... .................. ....... ................................. ......... .............................. ............................................................... ........ .............................11,11,11.1.111.1''..''11,11.1,................................................................. .................... .......1.11, ......1.11,.......I......1.11..................................................................... ....... ....... ...................... .............................................................. ........I....I..''.....-...I...... ....11.1............................................................................................................................. ...... ............................11.1 ....11..................I...I'll,....I..,..................................................................... .......................................................................... ......11...................................................................................................................................................... .................... ........ ...... .......................... ............................................................. .....I...I,.,..,.......1.11 . ............................................................................................................ ................................ ............ ................................ ..... .......................................................... . ........................ ................................ .......I."......."".."",.,.."..,.,.,.,..,..,.,...,..,..,.,.,..,.".",..,...........,...",.,..",.,.,.,...'',.,..""..,.,...,.,...".,..""",.,.."I"..'1.1".''I....... llfft. ........... ............ ----------------- �3 � � ;� � Draft Environmental Impact Report forthe San Raman Valley Recycled plater Program A joint effort of the Dublin San Raman Services District and the East Bay Municipal Utility District State Clearinghouse No.96013028 Lead Agency: DSRSD•EBMUD Recycled Water Authority (DERWA) 7451 Dublin Boulevard Dublin, California 94568 August 1996 156 Preface This Environmental Impact Report(EIR)has been prepared by the DSRSD*EBMUD Recycled Water Authority(DERWA)to address the potential environmental impacts of the proposed San Ramon Valley Recycled Water Program.The document has been prepared in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act(CEQA),as amended,with DERWA acting as the Lead Agency.This document has also been prepared in accordance with DERWA California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA")Guidelines,adopted by DERWA Resolution No.96-3. A preliminary environmental assessment for the proposed project was conducted in February, 1995. Based on the conclusions of environmental assessment,DERWA determined that an EIR for the project should be prepared.A Notice of Preparation(NOP)was issued to the State Clearinghouse (SCH),other agencies,and members of the public on January 12,1996.The NOP was distributed to various public agencies by the State Clearinghouse for its required 30-day review period on January 16,1996.The public comment period for the NOP ended on February 16, 1996.The NOP is included in this EIR as Appendix A. In addition to the NOP,DERWA also conducted a public scoping meeting for the CEQA process on February 7,1996.The summary notes from the scoping meeting are included in this EIR as Appendix B,along with responses received on the NOP. This document is being circulated to local,state and federal agencies,and to interested organizations and individuals who may wish to review and comment on the report.Publication of this Draft EIR marks the beginning of a 51-day public review period,during which written comments may be received at the DERWA administrative office,which is located at the DERWA administrative offices at Dublin San Ramon Services District,7051 Dublin Boulevard,Dublin,California,94568. During this 51-day review period,DERWA will also conduct an informal public information workshop to discuss the Draft EIR.DERWA will then hold a formal public hearing on the Draft EIR. Following the 51-day review period,written and oral comments received in response to the Draft EIR will be addressed in a Response to Comments document.This document,together with the Draft EIR, will constitute the Final EIR.The Final EIR will be released for public review.The DERWA Board of Directors will then consider EIR certification.After EIR certification,DERWA may proceed with project approval actions. In accordance with Sections 1501 and 15N3 of the CEQA Guidelines,the DERWA Board of Directors will make written findings regarding the significant environmental effects of the project,and may,if necessary,include a Statement of Overriding Considerations in the record of project approval. In conformance with CEQA Guidelines,this EIR provides objective information regarding the environmental consequences of the proposed project to decision makers called upon to review and approve the project.The following CEQA Guideline sections clarify the purposes of an EIR. 15121(a) Informational Document.An EIR is an informational document which will inform public agency decision makers and the public of the significant environmental effect of a project,identify possible ways to minimize the significant effects,and describe reasonable alternatives to the project. The public agency shall consider the information in the EIR,along with other information which may be presented to the agency. 15151 Standards for Adequacy of an EIR.An EIR should be prepared with a sufficient degree of analysis to provide decision makers with infiormation which enables them to make a decision,and which intelligently considers environmental consequences.An evaluation of the environmental effects of the proposed project need not be exhaustive,but the sufficiency of an EIR is to be reviewed in light of what is reasonably feasible. Disagreement among experts does not make an EIR inadequate,but the.FIR should summarize the main points of disagreement among the experts. The courts have looked not for perfection,but for adequacy,completeness, and a good faith effort at full disclosure. SrJJ:\WOAK\731758AMEIRPREFACE.DOC 157 �cx C C - o 158 Contents Chapter Wage Preface 1 Summary....................................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Project Description Summary ..................................................................................1-1 1.3 Impact and Mitigation Summary ............................................................................1-2 1.4 Areas of Controversy or Expressed Concern ........................................................1-3 1.5 Project Financing and Economics.............................................................................1-4 1.6 ._ Issues to be Resolved...................................................................................................1-4 1.7 Alternatives Summary ..............................................................................................1-5 2 Project Description .................................................................................................................2-1 2.1 Project Location ..........................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Project History ............................................................................................................2-3 2.3 Project Objectives .......................................................................................................2-4 2.4 Customer Service Options..........................................................................................2-5 2.4.1 Option 1.............................................................................................................2-14 2.4.2 Option 2.............................................................................................................2-14 2.4.3 Option 3.............................................................................................................2-14 2.4.4 Option 4.............................................................................................................2-15 2.4.5 Option 5A..........................................................................................................2-15 2.4.6 Option 5B...........................................................................................................2-15 2.5 Program Facilities ....................................................................................................2-16 2.5.1 Recycled Water Treatment Facilities............................................................2-16 2.5.2 Water Supply Facilities...................................................................................2-16 2.5.3 Seasonal Storage and Supply Options and Facilities................................2-23 2.5.4 Conveyance Facilities......................................................................................2-28 2.6 Project Construction and Operations.....................................................................2-41 2.6.1 Construction.....................................................................................................2-44 2.6.2 Operations.........................................................................................................2-44 2.7 Relationship Between DERWA Program and DSRSD Clean Water revival Project...........................................................................................................................2-45 2.8 Permitting Requirements.........................................................................................2-44 2.9 Uses of the EIR .............................................................................................. ....2-49 2.10 Consistency with State,Regional,and Local Plans ...........................................2-50 3 Environmental Setting,Impacts,and Mitigation ...........................................................3-1 3.1 Groundwater................................................................................................................3-2 3.1.1 Existing Environmental Setting......................................................................3-2 31.2 Impacts.................................................................................................................3-5 3.1.3 Mitigation.................................................... . ..................................................3-12 3.1.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Groundwater..................................3-13 159 sic/J:1WORK\131768.RW1EiR\TO�.Doe 1 _-_------'___~_~_--^---- ____-~ ----------_-____~__ -^----_.___-- -------__._~__----- --__-~_~ , � Contents � C~~~r'~- Page - 3.2 Surface Water and Drainage....................................................................................3-l8 -� 32'1 Existing Environmental Setting.-..-..--^._.-.,.-......--.-...^.._-..^...3-I8 � 3.2.2 ,-..~.._^'.....~._-.'.-.,..-,_,...-__.--.-_'.-...._...-~_.^-.3-24 3.2.3 3.2.4 Summary of Impacts/Nfitigation for Surface Water and Drainage.......3-30 3.3 Salinity,Soils,and Vegetation ~_~-..~.~~_~~~.~...... ^-_.~'~-~__-~~,..^~~.,3'31 ^^^^ Existing Environmental�Setting~~~'~~----'-^~'^~-~-~~~~^--~`~'~''~`''-' ~- � 3.3.2 _-~~~ ~---` ~..~ i� ...3-38 � ~.~^ Summary Salinity,Soils,and Vegetation.....3-39 3.4 Geology and -.--.---.~.~-^--_.-.^-.,~^^--^.,.^.~..--_'---...--..-.-.3-41 ~� 3.4^1 Existing Environmental Setting^---'-~-'~'-''~~^-'^-'''~`~--^-~'---.3-41 ` 3/4.2Impacts...................................... _,___~,^~~,,..~............................................3-42 3.4`3 Nfitigation-,......-,...._.,~.-...~-_-...--..~~-~^-'^'~~~ --^~-'-~''3-*4 � t ` MA Summary mf for Geology and Seismicity................�-�� 3.5 Land Use .............................^......................................................................................3-47 ^ ` 3.5.1 Existing Environmental Setting_^_.--..~--.^._._-__~_-.-_-_~_-3-e, � 3.5.23Impacts� 3.5.3 Nfitigation_~_^,.~~,,,_,~~~__~_ _~__^~~,_._~~_ _~~.,._ ''_.--..3-/u 3.5.4 Summary mf for LarudlJse_-....-_..~...'--.~__... -7I 3.6 Public Services,Utilities,and `~--~~~ —~_ ~~~^--~ -~-~--3-73 - 3.6.1 Existing Environmental Setting.--^.~_-_-..-...-~.._-~..._.-..,---_.3+o 3.6.2 '~^-~^�- * � �3.6.3 - .-..-.___~-`'_^^~^,^.''_....^..-~_~..-'~~--'~_-_.~-_.--.-'��75 -- 3.6'4 Summary of Impacts/Nfitigation for Public Services,Utilities, and `,,,_^_,.._^^..__`.~_,___^.^._._,^_,~__,_^._,_,,~^_._,,,.~_.-_,..-_.-...3-75 Energy3-77 � ��� Noise '''.'--~^---~~~^^^'^'-^-^-~~~'-'--^''~'-''--~^~'^-^~~'~'--'^'''--~~'-'-'~--- -S-7J 3.7.1 Existing Environmental Setting~'.................................... ~`^~'^ ^--~''' - 3.7.2 ^-`--'~' ~ � __~''-i-hl -- 3.7.4 Summary- of for Noise 3-8I 3.8 Traffic and Circulation ............................................................................................' .~ ^ 3.8.1 Existing Environmental Setting..^,,.,_~,~,__,~_~,,,~_..,_.._'__,..-.--.-.�-85 -~ �-87 3^0�2 --'~^--~-,.,..-......_^^~._.,,__~.,_..,._~_^..~.__._,.^,__,,.____, ` - �-9U � 3j�3 ._._._~~-.'.-~_~.-~-~.^-_'-.~_-..~__.^.-,~..~-~.----__' - � 2L8�. - of Impacts Pk1itigation for Traffic and Circulation.................3-91 -- � 3.9 ID�8cua��n --.__~__-_.~.~_--_~---'-'~-~-,~,-_'-^ .—~3�4 � ~ ��94 � � 3�\1 bet�rq�.--.,...-.^..,.^~_'.~^.-^.~~--.-.'_-' - -�I]6 - 3.9.2 ^°~~' Nfi~oa~~~^...................................................................................................... ~- 3.9'4 Summary of hnpacts/Nhtigation for Biological Resources..................3-122 3.30 Human Health and ._.----^.--_--,~..-'_-.^---_---.._.-.^.3-1z4 ~~ 3.10.1 Existing Environmental 5etting.---.^.~.^--..~~-~,_~`~~~...,^.~...,^.3~124 � � 4 ��� ` _---- �� ��� � �� Contents (continued) Chapter Page 3.10.2 Impacts...........................................................................................................3-127 3.10.3 Mitigation.................................................................................... ...............3-130 3.10.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Human Health and Safety.......3-131 3.11 Cultural Resources ........................................................ .....................................3-133 3.11,1 Existing Environmental Setting................................................................3-133 3,11.2 Impacts......................................................... ..............................................3-135 3.11,3 Mitigation................................................................ . ......... .......................3-136 3.11.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Cultural Resources....................3-137 3.12 Aesthetics .................................................................................. ..........................3-139 3.12.1 Existing Environmental Setting.................................................................3-139 3.12.2 Impacts...........................................................................................................3-140 3.12.3 Mitigation......................................................................................................3-141 3,12.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Aesthetics....................................3-142 3.13 Air Quality.................................................................................................................3-144 3.13.1. Existing Environmental Setting................................................................3-144 3.13.2 hnpacts...........................................................................................................3-149 3.13.3 Mitigation......................................................................................................3-150 3.13.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Air Quality..................................3-151 4 CEQA-Required Impact Conclusions..................................................................................4-1 4.1 Growth:-Inducing Impacts ........................................................................................4-1 4.2 Cumulative Impacts ..................................................................................................4-6 4.3 Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes and Commitment of Resources.....................................................................................................................4-11 5 Alternatives Evaluated ..........................................................................................................5-1 5.1 Approach to Alternatives Evaluation......................................................................5-1 .2 No Project Alternative ..............................................................................................5-2 5.3 Environmentally Superior Alternative....................................................................5-2 _ 6 CEQA Mitigation Monitoring Requirements .................................................................6-1 7 References ................................................................................................ ............................7-1 8 Report Preparation .................................................................................................................8-1 Appendix A. Notice of Preparation(NOP) Appendix B. Responses to NOP and Scoping Meeting Summary Notes Appendix C. Groundwater Modeling Technical Memorandum Appendix D. Salt Loading Technical Memorandum Appendix E. Distribution Line Locations sjciJawtSRM131768.RW\EIMTt3C-DOC iii Tables 1-1 Customer Service Options.......................................................................................................1-3 1-2 Program Facilities Included in Customer Service Options................................................1-6 1-3 Impact and Mitigation Summary...........................................................................................1-8 2-1 Customer Service Options.....................................................................................................2-13 2-2 Summary of Supply Availability........................... .2-22 . . .. . .. ... . ..................................... 2-3 Storage Tank Information......................................................................................................2-35 2-4 Pump Station Information.....................................................................................................2-37 2-5 Program Facilities Included in Customer Service Options..............................................2-42 2-6 ASR Operations in Fringe Basin-Comparison of DERWA and CWR Projects..........2-48 2-7 Level of CEQA Review Provided for DERWA Program Components.........................2-51 3-1 Comparison of Existing Fringe Basin Groundwater Quality,Projected Recycled Water Quality,and Regulatory Standards. ........................................................................3-6 3-2 Impacts and Mitigation Summary for Groundwater........................... ........................3-17 3-3 Summary of Transmission Pipeline Alignment Segments Within 100-Year Flood Plains .......................................................................................................................................3-22 3-4 Summary of Salt Loading Impacts to Study Area Creeks................................................3-25 3-5 Summary of Salt Loading Impacts to Alameda Creek....................... .... .3-26 3-6 Summary of Salt Loading Impacts to ACWD Recharge Operations.............................3-27 3-7 Impact and Mitigation Summary for Surface Water and Drainage.............................3-30a 3-8 Hydrologic Soils Infiltration Rates.......................................................................................3-32 3-9 Recycled Water Quality Comparisons.................................................................................3-36 3-10 Impact and Mitigation Summary for Salinity,Soils and Vegetation.............................3-40 3-11 Impact and Mitigation Summary for Geology and Seismicity.......................................3-45 3-12 Summary of Land Use and Street Conditions Along Distribution Lines......................3-69 3-13 Impact and Mitigation Summary for Land Use.................................................................3-72 3-14 Impact and Mitigation Summary for Public Services,Utilities,and Energy................3-76 3-15 Typical Environmental Noise Levels...................................................................................3-78 3-16 Impact and Mitigation Summary for Noise........................................................................3-82 3-17 Existing Daily Traffic'Volumes on Roadways in the Study Area...................................3-85 3-18 Summary of Alignments/Intersections Affected by Pipeline Installation...................3-89 3-19 Impact and Mitigation Summary for Traffic and Circulation.........................................3-92 3-20 Special Status Species Potentially Occurring in DERWA Study Area Habitat Types 3-95 3-21 Existing Biological Features of Aboveground Tank and Pump Station Sites.............3-104 3-22 Wetlands Resources Crossed by Proposed Alignments or Roadways........................3-110 3-23 Impact and Mitigation Summary for Biological Resources...........................................3-123 3-24 Known Hazardous Material Leaking Release Incidents Within.One-Half Mile of PipelineAlignments..............................................................................................................3-129 3-25 Impact and Mitigation Sununary for Human Health and Safety.................................3-132 3-26 Impact and Mitigation Summary for Cultural Resources..............................................3-138 3-27 Impact and Mitigation Summary for Aesthetics.............................................................3-143 3-28 Ambient Air Quality Standards..........................................................................................3-145 3-29 Summary of Ambient Air Criteria Pollutants,Livermore Monitoring Station..........3-147 3-30 Summary of Ambient Air Toxics,Livermore Monitoring Station...............................3-149 3-31 Impact and Mitigation Sum for Air Quality...........................................................3-152 162 sjrJJ:1W4RK1l3i7fi8.RUV1EiAoc.doc Iv Figures 2-1 Project Study Area.....................................................................................................................2-2 2-2 Customer Service Option 1......................................................................................................2-7 2-3 Customer Service Option 2......................................................................................................2-8 24 Customer Service Option 3......................................................................................................2-9 2-5 Customer Service Option 4....................................................................................................2-10 2-6 Customer Service Option 5A.................................................................................................2-11 2-7 Customer Service Option SB..................................................................................................2-12 2-8 Conceptual Supply versus Demand Curves.......................................................................2-17 2-9 Alternative Supply Sources...................................................................................................2-19 2-10 Typical ASR Well Faciliti.es....................................................................................................2-25 2-11 Location of Proposed ASR Facilities....................................................................................2-26 2-12 SPRR-Crow Canyon Road Alternative Transmission Alignment..................................2-30 2-13 SPRR-.Bollinger Alternative Transrnfission Alignment.....................................................2-31 2-14 Alcosta-Crow Canyon Road Alternative Transmission Alignment. ...........................2- 2 2-15 Alcosta-Bollinger Alternative Transmission Alignment..................................................2-33 2-16 Typical Storage Tank Layout.................................................................................................2-36 2-17 Typical Pump Station Layout................................................................................................2-38 2-15 Alternative Storage Tank and Pump Station Locations...................................................2-39 2-19 Distribution Pipelines Routing.............................................................................................2-40 2-20 Facilities With Potential for Overlap Between CWR and DERWA................................2-46 3-1 Livermore-Amador Groundwater Basin...............................................................................3-3 3-2 Well Locations in ASR Zone of Influence...........................................................................3-10 3-4 Study Area Hydrology...........................................................................................................3-12 3-5 Hydrologic Soils Ma .........3-33 3-6 Regional Fault Map.................................................................................................................3-43 3-7 Tank 1 Site.................................................................................................................................3-51 3-8 Tank 2 Site..........................................................................................................................3-52 3-9 Tank 2A Site.......................................................................................................................3-53 3-10 Tank 3 Site..........................................................................................................................3-54 3-11 Tank 3A Site.......................................................................................................................3-55 3-12 Tank 4 Site..........................................................................................................................3-56 3-13 Tank 5 and 5A Sites......................... , .............................................................................3-57 3-14 Tank 6 and 7 and Pump Station 6,7,and 9 Sites........................................................-3-58 3-15 Tank 8A Site.......................................................................................................................3-59 3-16 Tank 10 and Pump Station 10 Sites ................................................................................3-60 3-17 Pump Station 2..................................................................................................................3-61 3-18 Pump Station 2A...............................................................................................................3-62 3-19 Pump Station 3..................................................................................................................3-63 3-20 Pump Station 3A Site........................................................................................................3-64 3-21 Pump Station 4 Site...........................................................................................................3-65 3-22 Pump Station 5 .. ... .. . .. . . .... .............................. .......................................................3-66 3-23 Land Use at ASR Well Sites...........................................................................................3-68a 3-24 Regional Traffic Network................................................................................................3-84 163 sidJAWORMI31768AMIRT010Mc V ro CHAPTER 1 Summary 1.1 Introduction This EIR assesses the potential environmental impacts of the San Ramon Valley Water Recycling Program proposed by the DSRSD*EBMUD Recycled Water Authority(DERWA). DERWA is the lead agency for this CEQA process. Inquiries about the project and the CEQA process should be directed to: Bruce Webb DERWA 7051 Dublin Boulevard Dublin,California 94568 510/828-0515 Concurrent with DERWA's planning and CEQA review for the San Ramon Valley Recycled Water Program,DSRSD is conducting the planning and CEQA review for the DSRSD Clean Water Revival Project.The DSRSD Clean Water Revival Project and the DERWA San Ramon Valley Recycled Water Program are two independent projects,but may share some common components and facilities depending on how the projects are ultimately designed and operated.The relationship between the two projects is discussed in Section 2.7 of this EIR. A separate EIR is being prepared by DSRSD for the Clean Water Revival Project. 1.2 Project Description Summary The project evaluated in this EIR is the San Ramon Valley Recycled Water Program which is proposed by the DSRSD•EBMLTD Recycled Water Authority(DERWA),a Joint Powers Authority formed by the two Districts. DERWA has prepared a Facilities Plan for this Program(Montgomery Watson, 1996).The project study area is located in Contra Costa and Alameda Counties. The project facilities would be located in the cities of Dublin,San Ramon,and part of the Town of Danville and Pleasanton,and potentially in adjacent unincorporated lands that are or may be approved for development.Recycled water use would not occur in Pleasanton under this project. The Recycled Water Program is a recycled water supply project,whose purpose is to facilitate the increased use of recycled water as a replacement for potable water.The Program would consist of the treatment,distribution,storage,and use of highly-treated recycled wastewater for landscape irrigation within the study area.The Program would be implemented in phases over time.The initial phase would include the development of facilities serving existing development and customers within the two Districts'existing service areas.Principal users are expected to be city parks,schools,golf courses,commercial and office park areas,homeowner association areas,and roadway medians.Future phases of the Program would extend recycled water throughout the study area at various future dates,as land uses and recycled water demands develop. 165 SXJJ:IWORK1131768.RW.EIR1100314EA.DOC 1.1 ................... CHAPTER 1 SUMMARY Recycled water for the DERWA Program could be provided by the DSRSD wastewater treatment plant in Pleasanton;this is the preferred recycled water supply source.The recycled water would be filtered and disinfected to meet the most stringent criteria established for water recycling projects by Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations. Upon completion of the initial construction stage of the first phase of the project, approximately 2,240 acre-feet per year(AFY)'of recycled water would be produced and delivered for use within two years of project approval.Upon full implementation of the largest customer service area being considered for the Program,approximately 9,330 AFY of recycled water would be produced and delivered for use. This EIR addresses some elements of the Water Recycling Program at a project level and other elements at a program level of detail.The initial phase of the Program,as described in Chapter 2 of this EIR,is evaluated at a project level,with the exception of the storage tank facilities,for which specific locations have not yet been finalized. Initial phase storage tanks are evaluated-at a program level. Future project facilities(i.e.,those not required for the initial phase) are evaluated at a programmatic level. DERWA anticipates that additional, project-specific environmental review will be required for the initial phase storage tanks and future Program facilities if,and when,subsequent phases of the Program are implemented. Construction of the future phase facilities will be integral to new development activities, and project-level environmental impact evaluation for the recycled water facilities may be incorporated with environmental evaluations for land development activities. To maintain flexibility in developing the overall Program,six customer service options were developed for evaluation in the Facilities Plan and this EIR.These options combine various geographic areas and various facilities in a logical manner from the largest to the smallest project size,in terms of the total recycled water demand served. Although a preferred configuration of the first phase of Program facilities is described in the Program's Facilities Plan, the customer service options and alternative transmission pipeline alignments,pump station locations,and storage tank locations are evaluated at an equal level of detail in this EIR.Table 1-1 provides a summary of the options,their recycled water demands,and the customers served. 1,3 Impact and Mitigation Summary Table 1-2 at the end of this chapter lists the range of facilities that could be constructed for the Program and indicates which facilities are included with each customer service option. Within each option,a number of further sub-alternatives are found with regard to some pipeline segments and some tank and pump station locations.The principal difference among options is the amount of water delivered and the number of customers served. These differences result in differences in transmission pipeline length,the amount of distribution pipelines,the number of tanks and pump stations needed,and whether a seasonal recycled water storage component is needed. 1 one acre foot covers one acre to a depth of one foot,and is the water measurement most often associated with irrigation. An acre foot is equivalent to 325,823 gallons or 43,560 cubic feet of water. 166 sdc/J:IWORK1131768.RW1`elR1,00314EA.000 1'2 CHAPTER 1 SUMMARY TABU.1-1 Customer Service Options Customer Service Net Recycied Option No.'*' Demand Description (AFY) 1 9,330 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Adjacent to Existing Service Areas. +Unapproved Future Development Adjacent to Existing Service Areas. 2 8,090 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Adjacent to Existing Service Areas. 3 6,660 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Within Existing Service Areas. 4 4,410 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas_ 5A 4,330 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas Served Only With DSRSD Supply 513 7,220 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Within Existing Service Areas. +Portion of Approved Future Development Outside Existing,Service Areas, as DSRSD Supply and Seasonal Storage Allows. "'An"optimized"configuration was also developed,Which is a subset of Caption 4 but which may extend to other options as well. See discussion in Section 2.4 of EIR. Table 1-3,also at the end of this chapter,provides a summary of all impacts and mitigations for each resource or impact category evaluated in the EIR.This table is based on discussions of impacts and mitigations found in Chapter 3.The statements in Table 1-3 are summaries of those discussions;more detailed descriptions of impacts and mitigation are provided in the corresponding impact sections of Chapter 3.Table 1-3 also identifies to which program facilities and to which customer service options the impacts and mitigations apply. Significance criteria have been developed for each environmental issue analyzed in this EIR, and are defined at the beginning of each impact analysis section in Chapter 3. Impacts are categorized as follows: • Significant • Potentially significant,but can be mitigated to a less-than-significant level • Less than significant,mitigation is not required under CEQA but may be recommended • No impact • Beneficial The category of impact for the impacts identified in Table 1-3 is given at the end of the impact statement. 1.4 Areas of Controversy or Expressed Concern The CEQA Guidelines {Section 15123[b][2])require the summary section of an EIR to identify areas of controversy or expressed concern known to the Lead Agency,including 167 sactJ:1WORKii3i768.RMEIR1100314EA.00c 1-3 CHAPTER SUMMARY issues raised by agencies and the public. Issues of concern raised by agencies and the public were identified for the DERWA project through the preliminary environmental screening work performed for this project in early 1995,a scoping meeting held for the project on February 7, 1996,and written responses received by the Lead Agency following issuance of the Notice of Preparation(NOP)for the project. A copy of the NOP is included in Appendix A of this DEIR. The summary notes from the public scoping meeting and written responses from individuals and agencies to the NDP are included in Appendix B. Areas of concern raised in scoping the EIR generally include the following: • Potential recycled water use impacts on landscape vegetation and soils. • Potential construction-related impacts,including impacts to transportation/circulation systems,land uses and businesses adjacent to the construction zone,cultural resources, biological resources,and surface waters(stormwater runoff). • Potential disruption of existing utilities. • Potential for growth inducement as a result of the availability of nonpotable,recycled water and the resulting potential increased availability of potable water. • Potential visual impacts of tanks and pump stations. • Potential impacts on groundwater quality and basin yield. • Potential water use-related impacts to human health. The environmental issues raised by individuals and commenting agencies have been addressed where appropriate in this EIR. 1.5 Project Financing and Economics In accordance with the provisions of CEQA Guidelines Sections 15126 and 15131, this EIR does not address questions pertaining to the economic feasibility,cost,or financing of the proposed Recycled Water Program.The San Ramon Malley Recycled Water Program Facilities Plan contains information on customer marketing,economic criteria used in developing the customer service options,costs associated with the customer service options, customer retrofit cost estimates,and other financial considerations. This Plan is available for public review at the DERWA administrative office location identified in Section 1.1 of this EIR. 1.6 Issues to be Resolved DERWA and/or its member agencies must make the following decisions and resolve the following issues prior to implementation of the project. This is not an exhaustive list of all issues to be resolved. 168 sJC/JAWORK1131768.RWlEIR1104314EA.DCC 1.4 CHAPTER SUMMARY • Select a preferred customer service option for the initial phase of the project. • Select the preferred configuration of facilities to serve the preferred customer service option. • Negotiate for acquisition/use rights for proposed facility sites as necessary. • Sign agreements for acquisition of recycled water supply sources. • Identify and contract with recycled water customers;provide guidelines and training in the use of recycled water for irrigation purposes. • Sign water sales agreements with DSRSD and EBMLTD. • Obtain Waste Discharge Permit from Regional Water Quality Control Board. • Perform additional feasibility work for aquifer storage and recovery portion of Program. 1.7 Alternatives Summary To provide the greatest level in decision-making flexibility,DERWA determined early in the environmental review process to evaluate all of the customer service options at an equal level of detail in this EIR.In addition,the four alternative transmission alignments, and alternative sites for some pump stations and storage tanks are also evaluated at an equal level of detail in this document.Consequently,project alternatives that would normally be discussed in an EIR(i.e.,alternative locations for facilities,alternative component configurations,etc.)are not evaluated separately in this EIR because they are evaluated as part of the Program in the main body of the EIR text(Chapter 3).The alternatives chapter (Chapter 5)addresses,therefore,the No Project Alternative and the Environmentally Superior Alternative. 169 sjUJAWORMI31768.RMEtR\100314EA.DOC 1.5 Table 1-2 Program Facilities Included in Customer Service Options (Note: Shaded box indicates facility could be included in identified option) Option Option Option Option Option Option Facility 1 2 3 4 5A 5B TRANSMISSION PIPELINE SEGMENTS D RSD WWTP to D Ublin Blvd WWTP/Stoneddge/Eastside OLD/Sports Park, or WWTP/Westside DLD/Johnson/Sports Park,or WWTP/Wastside OLD/Johnson/Alamo Canal,or WWTP/Johnson/Alamo Canal Dublin Blvd to SPRF;/Alcosta Crossing SPRR or Scarlett Court/SPRR,or Dougherty Road/SPRR,or Village Parkway/Alcosta,or SPRR/Alcosta Crossing to Boliigger CaM= SPRR or Alcosta Blvd.,or Combination of above using Pine Valley cut-off Bollinger to Crow Canyon to Dou hg erty SPRR to Crow Canyon Rd.,or Alcosta Blvd,to Crow Canyon Rd.,or Crow Canyon Rd to Daugherty Rd. SPRR/Alcosta to Bollinger to Dougherty Bollinger-Crow Canyon Connector Crow Canyon to Como Wad Crow Canyon-Silver Lake,or Crow Canyon-St.Helena Dr. r. Dougherty Rd.to Blackhawk Crow Canyon to Tank 3(Finley Rd.) Tank 3(Finley Rd.)to County Line Bollinger/Dougherty to Old Ranch Rd. County Line to SPRR(E.Dublin) Dublin Blvd.to Donlan Canyon(W.Dublin) (continued) 1 '70 S UJAWORM13176SA MEMABL2-2A.DOC 1-6 Table 1-2 Program Facilities Included in Customer Service Options (Note: Shaded box indicates facility could be included in identified option) Option Option Option Option Option Option Facility 1 2 3 4 5A 5B OPERATIONAL STORAGE TANKS Wank 1 Tank 2,or Tank 2A Tank 3,or Tank 3A Tank 4 Tank 5,or Tank 5A Tank 6 Tank 7 Tank 8 Tank 10 PUMP STATIONS Pump Station 1 Pump Station 2,or Pump Station 2A Pump Station 3,or Pump Station 3A Pump Station 4 Pump Station 5 Pump Station 6 Pump Station 7 Pump Station 9 Pump Station 10 SEASONAL STORAGE LAVWMA/DSRSD Ponds Aquifer Storage and Recovery(ASR) WATER SUPPLY DSRSD Pleasanton Livermore Central Contra Costa Sanitation District low Groundwater Potable Water DISTRIBUTION LINES CUSTOMER ONSITE FACILITIES 171 s;cry:lwORkAI31768AW1EIMTABLI.2A.Doc 1.7 CQ ° o m _ ro �•• cv ..� cl cn ta+ Q G G p Sa 04 i bO .ty O 67 .p .•. a, H ro c w- .i� Z a Gy o c« ov ts0 H+ io01 y" vps 6� Orp. 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'9 t: CL. 4) "a vi� tz ,k- W LA, CL > > Cl, 0 I u 01 to - = m 5 -- (V Z to U t:r (U c cz 14 w U) CL E an, 2D u m LA > 2 cm -5 2 u LL to u W U -Oj 4— CL bo u r- a 'Z 0 IT —W —0 :6 w C'.. 0 CL 10 E 27 4>) to 0 0 2 79 — >, 'A —CL 0 ur-, 5, 40 -0 CL 0 r= r E 0 tj g t .to:, :j = 2 OA m M w c Ell W ?�, 0 C: r — m bc.Lu 0 W 1) 0 2 = u 14 0 -E 2 2 — — M > < —0 4,1 > > u m 0 > X 0 u r- L'� 0 E 04 0 w u eu CL CIL. y x tz 0 E CL E ed u tr d 0 UI) x A 0 co �2 cr Z, y�e �� �y.{ �, 1 �j"1 c CHAPTER 2 Project Description 2.1 Project Location The project study area covers approximately 63 square miles and is located within Contra Costa and Alameda Counties,California. Geographically,the study mica encompasses San Ramon Valley,the west end of Livermore Arnador Valley,and the upland areas between and adjacent to these valleys.The study area includes all of the DSRSD service area, the southeastern portion of the EBUR water service area,and areas outside but adjacent to each:Districts.service area where development is either approved,or where it is presently under planning and review,and where recycled water could be utilized for irrigation purposes.These areas are generally known as: • City of Dublin • City of San Raman • Town of Danville • Blackhawk • Dougherty Valley • Eastern Dublin • Western Dublin • Tassajara Valley The incorporated areas are largely urbanized.Most undeveloped land Is within the balance of the study area are either in the process of being developed,have approved specific development plans applicable to them,or have plans being prepared or contemplated.The principal roads near the outer boundary of the study area include Diablo Road and Camino Tassajara to the north,Camino Tassajara and Tassajara Road to the east,Interstate 580 to the south,and Interstate 680 to the west. Figure 2-1 shows the project study area. Along the I-680 corridor in the San Raman Valley,the area is urban and suburban in character.The Livermore Amador Valley portion of the area,along I-580,is a mixture of urban and urbanizing lands.The area known as Dougherty Valley,irnmediately east of San Ramon,has been approved for suburban development.Tassajara Valley,the next valley east of Dougherty Valley,is also proposed for suburban/rural development,and plans and environmental documents are being drafted at this time. Land not otherwise developed in urban and suburban uses is primarily in ranching or rural residential uses.The Camp Parks property,east of Dublin extending north into Contra Costa County and;in the southern portion of the Dougherty Valley planning area,is owned by the U.S. Army and includes institutional uses and military training areas. ScJItWC}E3Ktf3;Sfi8.RVc1ERttD03t4£ .t�nc 2-1 181 i 1 1 t *a f ff, Study Area Boundary .,F ,. W. I - t �f ]FIELIr _ k ------- 4 y "`Y y` SS%J ARA . 0 g-.p t .. .\ � a.3ey N�,,Y GALE RANCH .. Ya� ti i2,a a t t r PHASE i 3 t� dtt q d t 'ta r ds8a t z 1 S f w d 2ddi;-ITS r z J y -111M its z a Y r :d ttrYa £ sr y r ss ref go NO AW S ♦\\ ¢s n"f♦. moi_ ��y(� �+ '' I 2 ¢§# 3 1 k5 �#. €`�z: fss#ssss ss nr '`` �w<t #X���✓�(x � s ##ts£ fft�3��$^f-k�. t3,"35�y, �t�.3t^t 3 to tf t - _ ♦ s5 '��3�}��,+�;.F f'if��.'{. tJ�*^t t ti %'�'!33 f f f, �fr't 3S�t ui = t saw♦a l 3 St k 3tio' >'# r 9fy fS$ 3 3 f £ �f 3f tp4Fii !# S ti a LEGEND Customer Service Catagory SAN RAMON VALLEY Existing Development within .►"i r.' B$MUD Ultim wSavioa RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM DSRSDIEBMUO Service Areae Ares&nmdary Approved Development within ► burstate Efigh yn FIGURE 2-1 EBMUD Service Areas(Seo Note) ''s• s' ? =5 Roads Project Study�ir@d Approved Development within OSRSD Service Areas?So*Not0 P,.koads Approved Development outside City Boundaries DSRSDJMMUD Service Areas182 _ Proposed Development not yet approved,outside Service Areas Now 11=0 win be tutlaro ma,trsvolopments wkMn the w daring MONTGOMERY A TSO acvalopmeat area.The dammd fmdmw issFill development is inc£uded da the approved devakpmant eatagmy. CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.2 Project History Can July 1, 1994,the East Bay Municipal Utility District(EBMUD)and the Dublin San Ramon Services District(DSRSD)entered into a planning agreement to facilitate the development of a joint water recycling program to meet the needs of the Districts' customers in the project study area. The agreement was the result of a Memorandum of Understanding signed by both Districts in June 1990 to facilitate the joint development of water recycling projects. EBMUD provides water treatment and delivery services to customers in the northern portion of the San Ramon Valley,north of the Alameda County line. DSRSD serves water and wastewater customers at the southern end of the San Ramon Valley,as well as in the Livermore Amador Valley. DSRSD has a wastewater treatment plant just south of I-580,in Pleasanton. DSRSD has adopted a Recycled. Water Master Plan and EBMUD has adopted a Water Reclamation Implementation Plan:as part of its Water Supply Management Program. A Steering Committee was created as part of the 1994 planning agreement to produce various work products and develop recommendations for future implementation of the joint water recycling program. The work products were: + A preliminary engineering and planning report to identify the most cost effective joint recycled water program.This report evaluated treatment, storage and delivery scenarios in both service areas and developed an estimate of the Program oast(EBMUD/DSRSD, June 1995). • A preliminary environmental assessment to identify potential impacts and determine the need for additional environmental documentation. • An institutional assessment that investigated appropriate roles and responsibilities of each agency with respect to projectfinancing,design,construction and operation,it included a sample financial plan to show how the project could be financed and when - shortfalls and surpluses would likelyoccur. 0 A public outreach effort to facilitate an exchange of information with affected communities. The work products and Steering Committee's initial efforts led the Committee to recommend the creation of a joint powers authority(JPA) to develop and implement a water recycling program for the San Ramon Valley and portions of the Livermore Amador Valley.The DSRSD•EBMUD Recycled Water Authority(DERWA)was formed as a JPA to undertake projects to deliver recycled water to this area.The DERWA Board of Directors held:its first public meeting on August 21, 1995. In November 1995,DEWA authorized work on the facilities planning effort for the San Ramon Valley Recycled Water Program,as well as the CEQA environmental review process. A primary purpose of this effort was to identify alternative pipeline routes and pump station and reservoir sites for analysis in the EIR.The facilities planning and environmental review efforts have been based on the following DERWA planning policies: sic/J:\WDRM131768.RW E(M100'3f 4PO.DOC 2-3 183 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The DERWA project furthers the objectives of the two participating Districts with regard to water recycling. In 1992,DSRSD adopted Water Recycling Policies(Resolution No.42-92) that are intended to: • Promote,produce,sell,and deliver recycled water to retail and wholesale customers. • Manage the recycled water program on an equitable and self-supporting basis. • Work with others to develop ordinances and guidelines to encourage the use of recycled water. • Develop local regulations and standards to ensure the safe and beneficial use of recycled water. • Conduct public information and customer service programs to ensure that the public has an appropriate understanding of recycled water,including the benefits of using recycled water. In addition,as part of its Urban Water Management Plan adapted in January 1996,DSRSD has expressed its con unitment to developing recycled water supplies,and includes recycled water as a component of its water supply planning.The Urban Water Management Plan contains a chapter on recycled water,which references the DERWA Program and other water recycling efforts DSRSD is pursuing. In October 1998,EBMUD established water recycling as an important component of its updated Water Supply Management Program.(WSMP).The WSMP identifies recycled water as a key component in meeting long-range EBMUD water supply needs.The WSMP`s water recycling goal is to achieve an additional 8 million gallons per day(mgd)of yield by 2020,by providing recycled water to major irrigators and industrial users in lieu of potable water.The largest projects are anticipated to be located in the San Ramon Valley(2.8 mgd) and the Hercules/Pinole area(1.7 mgd). Both Districts have also signed the statewide Memorandum of Understanding for Urban Water Conservation in California(June 1991),which calls for water and wastewater districts to support water recycling wherever technically and economically reasonable. 2.4 Customer Service Options DERWA desires to maintain flexibility in sizing the overall Program..To this end,six customer service options were developed through the facilities planning process,these options range from a minimal project serving only the existing customers within the existing DSRSD and EBMUD service areas,to the largest project serving existing customers and future approved and planned developments within the study area.The options are based primarily on where potential customers and developments are located with respect to existing EBMUD and DSRSD potable water service areas,developments with approved land use plans,or developments currently in the land use planning process but not yet approved.To facilitate this approach,potential recycled water customers were identified and grouped into one of four customer service categories,as follows: • Existing Customers within®Service Areas. This customer service category applies to all currently existing customers of each member district. sjr1J:1WOWi317W.RYVSF4t1003i4PD.wc 2'5 185 _ I x Customer SerWce Oydon Study Area Boum h j ... i ...... } �Sfre�".r f ' All r�� me H a. � r/rffr 'f Jsf r f fgvf r sr f 3 .+ offzs5 $ SS6.M M' �A • `� r� 3 f vv J s€}F`.4 } i, � 3 F���jsv s,sr,ss �=s s �;�� r ��a' r: . `}4 } f.tJ f!''r•J f�.' F rrr'' t { } � f � tx� t � �F �gws r � II •� 'I�� `C!3 ®<1 a C• h B 0 8500 Peat Y2�5F LEGEND Customer sbryjg CSteg= SAN RAMO 1 VALLEY Existing Development within �1 customer satviaa Option BoundaryRECYCLED WATER PROGRAM DSRSDfESMUD Service Areas Approved Development within "°f• HBUMUl6omtaS®rvics FIGURE _ ESMUD Service Amus(See Note) Arca Boundary Approved Development within IntaratataHighwmys Customer Service Option 1 DSRSD Barvioe Areas(See Nato} \/' Roads ' k Approved Development outside h Rntilzoads DSRSDlESMUD Service Areas _ Proposed Development,not yat city Boundaries approved,outside Service Areas 187 Noto: Thwe will be fcturo infill developments within tho oxisting davalopmant ares. The demm�T.'.ho iml"aLveiopmmt O T O RYTSO is incladed in the approved development category. poor as, Mass' stonier,Service Option Boundary x -- ... Soddy Area Boun ty v tt 5� , I. #�}> y MIM1.11 51, J f w 4 is 33 C7 `tiyLr '. 3 � J � W Tx k ix3€f jai E . s v < all } phr -` c < ,f �f� � }.. kkY��{�k��z✓sok"i-�' f Py 2 �f��a {�� rT y„saw �:. �' v }d 5 y k s ✓� ''�h'£c}� {` ;,: •9° - '� '�,`�' z <.}> R $; p 8500 Poet LEGEND Customer Service Category SAN RAMON VALLEY Existing DevaEapment within Caere=Service 00=Bonstdaty RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM DSRSDIMMUD Service Areas _ AptunvadDaueEopmantwithin "�+ EBMUDUllimassSetvice FIGURE 2'3 Area Bu= EiIMUiJ Service Arris(Sae Note) /s Option u, Approved DaveEopmentwithin ✓ 7afxeratateFlighwaya rrU$#{�lirllr:r Service{s$I DSRSO Service Areas(See No* ��! "✓. Roads Approved Davaiopment outside ^✓ T%*oa9s DSRSD/EBMUD Service Arens City Boundaries 188 Note. There will be futuar inf ft doves monua widda the existing -rG 0 M E R VWATSON deveiopmew area. The demandikom the infill dee alopmmt is included is she approved development category. amm2nglq 111 21 111 W Customer Service Option Boundary ,Study Area Boundary s 3c&5111L � - ` R f9rXM 3 I y !E xi --------------- v�< is . 1� K. d az t z a zzi t€z f z zz t R z z zzz z z �i f �x r£s z 4zzz z zMzk M tizz: z <i z; zzzz3 sz z r *z r h' r zzz` z zz z€ zz r s es t {z 3W zR,gg}a iz LEGEND I ®t� } �x� 0 85a7B Pcct �i Customer Sendia C teuary SAN RAMON VALLEY Existing Development withinCustomer Servioe option Boundaty RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM DSRSDIEBMUD Service Areas FIGURE �a Approved Development �'�•"�"+ BAt aI� teService s-p4�WsaaE 2-�St ESMUD Servioe Areas(See Nabs) Approved Davatopment within Interstate Highways Customer Service Option 3 DSRSD Service Areas(See Nots), �,t '�' Ronde Rai]zoads City Boundaries Q Noto: 'Thorn wM ho futaro infiH devr*monts within tho existing development area. The demand fromthe irMdevelopment � ONTGO iEi•3V"WATSON to inoiu led in the approved dovoiopment Catogory. i CWstomerService Option Boundary ` ' Study Area Boundary j ?A i j I� $ P h r - ... 'S 3 t .. F ! 7 { 1 { bra - - N . , sdfRA � in CON I' 4P ` t( lw a, d1 5500 Prot LES Cttstarrrsr r r' t � SAN RAMON VALLEY Am � S"V RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM b3EEB3ttP9ANt3b rvC+a�Aze� �iom�3�sxm�dmy (Seas Nals) t*♦I P—Bmm L37cimatas Sotvi. FIGURE Arris Hday 2.5 _ i'�✓ � Customer Service Option 4 .` ck,%unda rka, 199 A7oso Thesx an#1 bas future intilF dcvot nta u4d=the Vwting dary opmetdat*& 11,dae V.ltho kf&devnl sant MONTGOMERY Y AT O i:u'Uu A sn t&is astogory and wiH eeot bo...d with twit opt, e 4 3 Customer Service Opdon - --- Boum ry F , s .. '4 Study Area Boundary 1 t 3 / h i t t,. t 3� ! gg e1 r �1 rt t s \ It a m .-0� 8500 Peet' LUEND M RSQEcrSMUtD 89tvi•ca Areas Cuewmr Service Opton BaausdnyRECYCLED WATER PROGRAM (see Note) d f�a+>� m141LtD Vwmw service � - Area Bomdety �® kte-t-w fighways Customer Service Option 5A f�'J Reade Rea..& ISupply Limited without ASR) ` City ftm ariea Now Thera WW bs futwer fiM davelopmeats within 191 *0adev1slopment ama. no domsnd Pram the inial desvatopntoat is not iachrded in this category MOINTGOMERV WATSON and w:U crit be served fnr this optioa.- Customer;Service Option --— Boundary study Area Boundary d - �r t € f r t �.m. ... -. 4 S t� ,•'•AJC, �.....,^ '�.� r. � - - �0�� t,+�' .. ,�d r 11 r> f w, �, s •. o gl ass#ass# sss; Gds •�`h ' �+?1� -`k S� `k�2$} S f�#f€� 4 pfflp rye 8500 Poet LEGEND D Customer Service Catecgory SAN RAMON VALLEY Exiating Development within RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM Customer Service on Bour D9RSDIfiBMUD Service Amass �Y ----- Approved Development within *`I EBMUD UltuataService FIGURE ��7 ESMUD Swvioe Areas(See No@41 Area Boundary Approved Development within TntasstatxiFRshwaya Customer Service Option 5B DSRSD Service Areca(See Note) .� Roach Partial ServieetoApproved � '�,-� Railroads (Supply Limited with ASR) Development Outside i Day Bouadmiee DBIRSO ESMUD Service Area Note: m5ll 192 `l'hsxe will be fun=fun= dove) atesrts within the axiating devalopmantOren. Thodemand fromdwi[Mdevelopment MONTGOMERY WATSON 6 included in the approved development category, NAPTE#R 2 PROJECT DESCRIMON areas,as supply allows,assuming seasonal storage of recycled water. It is assumed that the available supply above that needed to serve the Option 3 demands in the districts' service areas will be used to serve the remainder of Eastern Dublin outside the DSRSD service area and a portion of Dougherty Valley. TABLE 2-1 Customer Service Captions Customer Service Net Recycled Water Option No. Demand(AFY) Description 1 9,330 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Adjacent to Existing Service Areas. +Unapproved Future Development Adjacent to Existing Service Areas. 2 8,090 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Adjacent to Existing Service Areas. 3 6,660 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Within Existing Service Areas. 4 4,410 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas. 5A 4,330 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas Served Only With DSRSD Supply 5B 7,2217 Existing Customers Within Existing Service Areas. +Approved Future Development Within Existing Service Areas. +Portion of Approved Future Development Outside Existing Service Areas,as DSRSD Supply and Seasonal Storage Allows. Current recycled water demands were developed by identifying potential customers in both the DSRSD and EBMUD service areas,and there developing recycled water demands for each of those customers.Future recycled water demand took into account planned or projected development,both within and adjacent to existing service areas.The demands include a gross-to-net reduction factor which reflects the anticipated "sign-up"rate for each District based on its respective recycled water use policies.For existing DSRSD customers, where recycled water use will be optional, a 70 percent factor has been applied to the grass demands to estimate the net recycled water demands. EBMUD has adopted a policy of mandatory recycled water usage,when appropriate and available within the EBMUD service area. Therefore,existing EBMUD water customers are all assumed to receive recycled water service,and a factor of 95 percent has been applied to all EBMUD gross demands to estimate net recycled water demands for existing customers. A"future demand" factor of 90 percent reflects changes in land use that typically occur between the planning stage and actual construction. Further information about customer identification and recycled water demands can be found in Section 3 of the San Ramon Valley Recycled Water Program Facilities Plan. Fallowing is a description of the geographic areas and customers included in the customer service options. 193 srCiJ:iWORM131768,A MEfF%100314pts OM 2.13 CHAPTER 2 PRWECT OESCAtPT;ON 2.4.1 Customer Service Option 1 Option 1 represents the largest project being considered.Option 1 would serve existing customers within the two �.istricts' service areas,new approved development within and outside of the Districts' service areas,and future planned but unapproved projects adjacent to the Districts' service areas. Option 1 consists of a distribution system that serves recycled water customers in the following areas: • Dublin • San Ramon • Part of Danville • Diablo Country Club • Blackhawk • Dougherty Valley • Eastern Dublin • Camp Parks • Dublin.Housing Authority • Western Dublin • Tassajara Valley 2.4.2 Customer Service Option 2 Option 2 is the second largest project. It would serve all the Option 1 areas except Tassajara Valley and Western Dublin,which are potential development areas currently in the planning process,but not yet approved by local planning agencies. This option serves existing customers within the Districts' service areas,and new approved development within and adjacent to the Districts'service areas. Option 2 consists of a distribution system that serves recycled water customers in the following' areas: • Dublin • San Ramon • Part of Danville • Diablo County Club • Blackhawk • Dougherty Valley • Eastern Dublin • Camp Parks • Dublin Housing Authority 2.4.3 Customer Service Option 3 Option 3 would serve existing customers within the Districts' service areas and new approved but unbuilt development within the Districts' service areas.Portions of Dougherty Valley that have not been annexed into the Districts'service areas are not included, nor are any other approved or unapproved developments adjacent to the Districts'water service areas. Option 3 consists of a distribution system that serves recycled water customers in the following areas: 194 s.idJ:1Y1 M131788AYAMR1100314PE.oec 2-14 _ .................................................................................................... CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION • Dublin • San Ramon • Part of Danville • Diablo Country Club • Blackhawk • Gale Ranch Phase 1 (a part of Dougherty Valley) • Eastern Dublin(that portion within DSRSD's existing water service area) • Camp Parks 2.4.4 Customer Service Option 4 Option 4 serves only existing customers within the two Districts'service areas. No approved and unbuilt or unapproved developments are included in Option 4. Option 4 consists of a distribution system that serves recycled water customers in the following areas: • Dublin • San Ramon • Part of Danville • Diablo Country Club • Blackhawk 2.4.5 Customer Service Option 5A Option 5A consists of a distribution system that serves recycled water to the fullest extent allowed,given a water supply source limited to DSRSD wastewater from the DSRSD treatment plant,and without any seasonal augmentation of supply.This option is considered a supply-limited option and is further discussed in Section 2..6.2.The likely customers served this option are located in the following areas: • Dublin • San.Ramon • Part of Danville • Diable Country Club • Part of Blackhawk 2.4.6 Customer Service Option 5B Option 5B would serve recycled water to the fullest extent allowed,given a supply source limited to DSRSD wastewater from.the DSRSD treatment plant and a seasonal augmentation of supply. Option 5B is assumed to serve recycled water to the following areas: • Dublin • San Ramon • Part of Danville • Diablo Country Club • Blackhawk • Gale Ranch Phase l(a part of Dougherty Valley) sjUJ:1WORMi31766.RMEIR I00314PD.Doc 2-15 195 CNAPTFP 2 PROJECT OESCRIPTICN • Eastern.Dublin(that portion within and adjacent to DSRSD's existing water service area) • Camp Parks • Part of the Dougherty Valley development adjacent to the Districts' water service areas 2.5 Program Facilities Program facilities generally fall into three categories: 1)facilities required to treat and pump recycled water from the DSRSD treatment plant;2)facilities required to obtain water supply from sources other than DSRSD,including facilities to address seasonal storage _. needs;and 3)facilities required to convey recycled water from the DSRSD treatment plant to customers. These facilities are described in the following sections. 2.5.1 Recycled Water Treatment Facilities Facilities for filtration and disinfection of the wastewater prior to its introduction into the recycled water system will be located at the DSRSD treatment plant. Existing filter systems caii be refurbished or replaced to meet Title 22 regulatory requirements. Environmental review for this action was completed in 1994(DSRSD, 1994). if aquifer storage and recovery is implemented as part of the Program,there is a possibility that new microfiltration facilities could also be constructed.The microfiltration facility would be located in a new facility at the north end of DSRSD's existing treatment plant. 2.5.2 Water Supply Facilities The supply of wastewater for the Program must be sufficient to meet the peak demands within the recycled water customer service area.This means that under peak demand conditions,the minimum flow rate from the supply(generated recycled water)plus any seasonal source of water,plus any stored volume of operational water,must equal or exceed the peak demand.Operational storage and pumping will be able to accommodate the demand peaks during the course of a day.Where supply is inadequate,seasonal augmentation of the supply will be required to overcome day-to-day supply deficiencies. Figure 2-8 conceptually illustrates these water supply issues. The demand for recycled water will be high during the dry surnmer season and low or non- existent during the wet winter season. The supply of recycled wastewater,by contrast,can be produced at a fairly steady rate throughout the year,with wintertime flows being higher than average summertime flows. The result is that summer recycled water demands may exceed summer-generated supplies,while the winter supplies will exceed winter demand. High-demand period supplies would therefore need to be augmented in some way. Possible sources of augmentation water include: (1)acquisition of recycled water supplies from others, (2)seasonal withdrawals of recycled water from aquifer storage, (3)withdrawals from native groundwater,and (4)additions of potable water to the recycled water system,. Sources of supply for the Program could consist of wastewater from local agencies. The agencies identified as potential options for source wastewater include the following: sirlJAWORK1131768AVEfR1100314PD.= 2-16 ctt W 1(5) as G y, s �r_ a tit to cf) 'r ffi 0 U. � 1 d U CD � � W ` J � 1 s�. S C' £] tZ Cf) / C> f ttt V3 a oco to �y} �lddnSfP j � r 2-17 W CHAPTER 2 PRQdEGT oncpinim • Dublin San Ramon Services District • City of Pleasanton • City of Livermore • Central Contra Costa Sanitation District These four local wastewater authorities are all within or adjacent to the study area. .Figure 2-9 schematically illustrates the physical relationships among these wastewater agencies.It should be noted that another wastewater agency interacts with the primary agencies by providing disposal capacity for treated wastewater.The Livermore-Aador Valley Water Management Agency(LAVWMA)is a joint powers authority,comprised of the City of Livermore, the City of Pleasanton,and DSRSD,that owns and operates wastewater pipelines,pump stations,and storage facilities.Its responsibilities are to receive and convey treated secondary effluent from the DSRSD treatment plant and the Livermore Water Reclamation Plant from the Arnador Valley to Hayward,where the flow then joins the East Bay Discharger's Authority(EBNA)pipeline for ultimate disposal into San Francisco Bay. Also of note is the relationship between DSRSD and the City of Pleasanton.Wastewater generated from.the City of Pleasanton service area is conveyed to the DSRSD plant,where it is treated under contract between the two agencies. The treated wastewater is then discharged,under agreements between the City of Pleasanton and DSRSD,and the City of Pleasanton and LAVW114A,into the LAVWMA facilities for disposal.The potential sources of wastewater supply options are described in the following paragraphs. Projections of wastewater flow for the year 2000 and under ultimate buildout scenarios are based on data provided by DSRSD and DERWA.The year 2000 planning projection is based on the initial phases of the Program coming on line and serving recycled water to currently existing and possibly a few new customers near the year 2000. Dublin San Ramon Services District DSRSD collects wastewater from its wastewater service area and treats the wastewater at its treatment plant(WWTP)adjacent to I-680,south of Stoneridge Drive in Pleasanton. DSRSD owns the WWTP. Capacity rights are allocated by agreement between DSRSD and the City of Pleasanton. The average dry weather flow(average of lowest three consecutive months)at the DSRSD treatment plant was 8.37 mgd (or 10,044 AFY)in 1995 (the last year of record). ultimate wastewater flows from the DSRSD service area are estimated at 11,360 AFY.The flow projections include contributions from Western Dublin and Eastern Dublin,but do not include any contribution:from.Dougherty Valley or Tassajara Valley. DSRSD wastewater would be treated at the DSRSD WWTP to meet Title 22 water quality requirements prior to discharging into Program.facilities.The DSRSD WWTP currently has tertiary treatment facilities which are non-operational. DSRSD has plans for improving the filters and other tertiary treatment facilities necessary to meet the treatment requirements for recycled water.It is envisioned that DSRSD would be responsible for implementing these projects at the WWTP as a part of its capital improvement plan (CIP). No other facilities would be required to implement a DSRSD supply source. Sara:\woRK�131768.RWSP�100314PO.WC 2.18 Cf� w o � W O E N `Oui c� a CL -j c w LU e( C t s yy rd � tC i 03 " Ea t l r " C3 00 o .. c� 0 W tA 'C3 } C M, sy � t!J 43 G cC LL tm u -,i- -0-i = F �n I Z 2 o 199 s 2-19 o CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DE5CRiPTfON City of Pleasanton Pleasanton contributes wastewater from its wastewater service area for treatment at the DSRSD WWTP. Pleasanton contributed about 6,390 AFY it 1995. It is assumed that the City of Pleasanton flow will increase linearly to approximately 7,120 AFY by the year 2000 and -- ultimately to 12,250 AFY in the year 2036(Montgomery Watson, 1996). Pleasanton wastewater would be treated at the DSRSD WWTP to meet Title 22 water quality requirements prior to use in the DERWA Program. City of Livermore Livermore collects wastewater from its service area and treats the wastewater at the Livermore Water Reclamation Plant at the corner of West Jack London Boulevard and Kitty Hawk Road in Livermore. In 1995,approximately5,660 AFY were treated at the Livermore plant. Wastewater flow projections for the year 2000 indicate a flow of approximately 6,500 AFY. It is assumed that the City of Livermore flow will increase linearly to the ultimate flow of 12,440 AFY,which is projected to occur in the year 2036. Livermore wastewater is currently treated to secondary effluent standards at the Livermore trez.tment plant.To bring this source of supply to DERWA, the secondary effluent would be conveyed to the DSRSD WWTP facilities via LAVWMA conveyance facilities. Alternatively, the City of Livermore could treat its wastewater to Title 22 requirements,then convey it to the DSRSD treatment plant for direct diversion into recycled water conveyance facilities. The City of Livermore,as a LAVWMA member agency,currently discharges the majority of its treated wastewater to LAVWMA for disposal;therefore, the connection facilities already exist at the Livermore plant.Some additional facilities would be required at the DSRSD WWTP and on the LAVWMA pipeline to convey secondary effluent to the DSRSD tertiary facilities.These facilities would likely consist of a pipeline and possibly a low-lift pump station,but have not yet been developed in detail. Central Contra Costa Sanitary District(CCCSD) CCCSD's wastewater collection service area extends south into the northern reaches of the study area.The collection system in CCCSD's southernmost basin conveys raw wastewater to its Larwin Pump Station near the intersection of Mangos Drive and Encinada Drive in San Ramon. According to CCCSD,the pump station conveyed 850 AFY to the CCCSD WWTP in Concord in 1995. CCCSD has indicated that they would prefer 560 AFY . (0.5 mgd),to maintain self-scouring of the force main and to exercise the Larwin Pump Station pumps,which leaves 290 AFY currently available to the Program(Montgomery Watson, 1996). While no decision has been made by the Local Agency Formation Commission(LAFCO), the Facilities Plan assumes that CCCSD will provide wastewater collection services to the approved Dougherty Valley development area,as well as the Tassajara Valley if development in that area occurs in the future. As the Dougherty Valley development comes on line, an additional 2,350 AFY of ultimate flow of raw wastewater may become available to the Program at the Larwin Pump Station. Wastewater flows from the Tassajara Valley may or may not be conveyed to the Larwin Pump Station;they may be diverted from a future pump station in the Tassajara Valley. Also,if development in Tassajara Valley materializes,approximately 1,400 AFY additional ultimate flow may become available to 200 sJclJ.1WORM131768.RW1EIM10031dPo.0oc 2 20 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT D5SCR1PTi0N the Program.Wastewater flows from the Tassajara Valley are also assumed to flaw into the Larwin Pump Station. In order to bring CCCSD raw wastewater into the Program,the flows would have to be intercepted at the Larwin Pump Station(or the anticipated Tassajara Valley pump station) and conveyed into the DSRSD collection system to the DSRSD WWTP, treated to secondary standards through the existing WWTP facilities,then treated to Title 22 tertiary standards and conveyed into the Program facilities.The facilities required to intercept and convey the CCCSD wastewater would likely consist of a splitter box immediately upstream of the Larwin Pump Station(or the anticipated Tassajara Valley pump station), and a gravity pipeline from the pump station to the DSRSD collection main that exists adjacent to the Larwin Pump Station along the west side of South San Ramon Creek.(or through future DSRSD collection systems that would be serving Eastern Dublin).These facilities have not yet been developed in detail,and are evaluated at a program level in this EIR. Livermore-Amador Malley Water Management Agency LAVWMA,while not an that produces wastewater,does convey treated wastewater from DSRSD,and the cities of Pleasanton and Livermore. Once the LAVWMA member agencies discharge their wastewater into the LAV/VMA facilities,LAVWMA becomes responsible for disposal.LAVWMA would be able to convey some of the wastewater into the DSRSD tertiary facilities for use by the Program.The amount of supply and facilities required to convey wastewater to the Program are described above. Seasonal Groundwater pumping There exists the potential to use groundwater from the Dublin and Bishop fringe sub-basins to make up for supply shortfalls during the high demand summer irrigation season. Groundwater aquifer characteristics are described in.Section 3.1.1 of this EIR.The extraction of groundwater from the Dublin and.Bishop fringe subbasins is feasible and would require several extraction wells along the main transmission pipeline corridor.These wells could be used in conjunction with a seasonal aquifer storage and recovery component,discussed in Section 2.5.3. Seasonal Potable Water Source A seasonal potable water supply source would consist of one or several connections to either the EBMUD potable water system or the DSRSD potable water system.Preferably, the connections would be located at or more recycled water storage tanks using an altitude valve and an air gap discharge into the recycled water tanks. The connections would be air gap connections to meet State of California Department of Health Services (DOHS)requirements to prevent cross connections.The connections would be activated when the recycled grater supply is inadequate during the higher demand summer months. Summary of Recycled Water Supply Availability Each of the above supply sources can be classified in terms of its availability to the Program. In order to adequately meet Program demands,the supply must be reasonably firm and not interruptible.The supply must also be available on a long-term basis. Table 2-2 summarizes the mailability of each of the potential supplies. Firm supplies are classified as supplies that DERWA is likely to be able to secure on a long-term,uninterruptible basis.Interruptible 201 s.tCiJ:IWORK1131768,RME1R\100314PD.DOC 2'21 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION supplies are classified as subject to interruption or reduction. In other words, some of the supply may be diverted for other purposes by the controlling agency. An example would be the City of Pleasanton taking some portion of its available flow for use in its own recycled water project,thus reducing; the amount available to the Program. Temporary supply sources are categorized as sources that can initially be used to supply the Program,but that cannot be available on a long-term basis. Seasonal sources are classified as supplies that can reasonably be used to meet higher summer demands,but that would not be used year round due to availability,cost,or other reasons. TALE 2-2 Summary of Supply Availability Availability Potential Supply Firm Interruptible Temporary Seasonal Facilities Required Source DSRSD X Filtration or microfiltration, transmission pump station City of,Pleasanton X Filtration or microfiltration, transmission pump station City of Livermore X Conveyance pipeline, low-lift pump station CCCSD X X Splitter box,gravity pipeline LAVWMA X Conveyance pipeline, low-lift pump station Groundwater X Extraction wells Potable Water X Air-gap connections at existing storage tanks Summary of Water Supply Facilities As illustrated in Table 2-2,the DSRSD supply is the most available to the Program, primarily because DSRSD is associated with DERWA and is committed to implementing the Program. Discussions between DERWA and DSRSD indicate that a long-term agreement for supply is achievable.The cities of Pleasanton and Livermore have indicated some willingness to offer their respective wastewaters to the Program,but that they would reserve the right of future use of some or all of the wastewater for other purposes. CCCSD has also indicated a willingness to allow its raw wastewater to be diverted for use by the Program. However,this source is considered temporary because any long-term commitment would require DSRSD to construct additional primary and secondary treatment facilities to treat the raw wastewater.This would amount to duplicating the treatment capacity that would be constructed at the CCCSD WWTP in Martinez,which would be uneconomical to both DSRSD and CCCSD.The CCCSD supply could be used by DERWA as long as unused primary and secondary treatment capacity is available at the DSRSD WWTP.The LAVW'MA source is only available when the member agencies are discharging to LAVWMA. 202 s.;clJ:1WORT\131766.RW1EIR11403'.4vo.00c 2-22 CHAPTER2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Potable water and groundwater sources have been classified as seasonal sources for several reasons. Potable water connections would be costly. DSRSD would also have come to an agreement with Zane 7,its water wholesaler,in order for a potable water supply from. DSRSD to be implemented. Groundwater sources are classified as seasonal because use of groundwater could have impacts on the surface creeks in the San Ramon Valley(i.e., groundwater withdrawals could reduce underground flows to surface creeks).By utilizing this resource only seasonally,the impacts would be decreased, although withdrawal of groundwater would occur during the dry summer months,when the only source of water in the creeks is discharge from groundwater.Also,based on the 3,500 AFY yield from the groundwater basin,only a portion of the irrigation water demand can be met from groundwater.Therefore,the logical time to withdraw this water would be during the summer irrigation season. All customer service options except Options 1 and 2 could be supplied using only a DSRSD supply source and some amount of ASR,if the ultimate DSRSD wastewater supply is available to the Program.If some or all of the treated wastewater available from the City of Pleasanton were added to the DSRSD supply,all customer service options could be accommodated with a corresponding decrease in required ASR capacity. If the maximum available supply from DSRSD and the City of Pleasanton were available to the Program, ASR would not be needed to meet peak seasonal demand for any customer service option, although some small amount of seasonal surface storage at either the DSRSD WWTP or the LAVWMA storage ponds may be needed. Depending upon the rate of growth of the recycled water demand,interim ASR or other seasonal storage facilities,or flows from another supplier may be required to bridge from existing wastewater supplies,which may not be adequate to serve demands beyond existing customers,to ultimate buildout wastewater supply. 2.3.3 Seasonal Storage and Supply Options and facilities The selection of a recycled water supply for the Program will depend'on the customer service option selected by the Program and the ability to negotiate supply contracts with the potential supply agencies.The quantity of supply will also be affected by the possible inclusion of a seasonal storage or supply component into the Program. A seasonal storage component will„stretch"the available supply by allowing storage of,recycled water during low demand periods and withdrawal from storage during high demand periods.As indicated in Section 2.5.2,if Pleasanton:flow is not available to the DERWA Program, then some type of seasonal storage will be required for all customer service options except Option 5A. Figure 2-8(shown earlier in this section)illustrates how seasonal storage can help meet recycled water demands. Seasonal storage is required if the supply curve falls below the irrigation demand curve at any point over the course of a year. As conceptually illustrated in the figure, this period would occur from approximately mid-March through mid- October. During this period,all recycled water production would go ldirectly to serve irrigation demand.The area between the demand curve and the supply curve represents the amount of seasonal storage required to meet the peak summer irrigation demands. During the period when the supply curve is above the demand curve, from mid-September to mid-March in Figure 2-8, the recycled water production is only partially used to meet demand.The remaining recycled water can be diverted to storage for later withdrawal WC1J:;WORKM 31768AMEIR\104314M.Mc 2.23 203 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION during high demand periods.The area between the upper supply curve and the lower demand curve represents the amount of recycled water available for diversion to storage. In order to balance the supply with the demand,the amount of recycled water available for diversion to storage (the area between supply curve and the demand curve when the supply curve is above the demand curve)must equal or exceed the seasonal storage requirement(the area between the demand curve and the supply curve when the demand curve is above the supply curve).If seasonal storage is required(the demand curve is above the supply curve), a seasonal storage facility is required for that particular supply and demand combination. Figure 2-9(also shown earlier in this section)illustrates how a seasonal storage facility would fit schematically with the other wastewater supply sources.Several potential seasonal storage options are being considered for the Program, These options are described in the following paragraphs.It should be noted that a seasonal supply or storage facility will be needed under several combinations of supply sources and customer service options. Seasonal storage requirements can be very large,on the order of thousands of acre-feet of recycled water.Due to these potentially significant volume requirements,a reservoir structure,such as a steel tank or a concrete reservoir,is considered to be impractical. As an example,a 10 mg reservoir,which is large for a steel tank,equates to only 34 AF;storage for the DERWA Program may be a maximum of 1,540 AFY.In order to provide the large storage volumes,only a large surface impoundment or a groundwater aquifer storage facility would be practical. Aquifer Storage and Recovery(ASR) As indicated above,surface reservoirs and tanks for seasonal storage are not planned as part of the Program due to the large volumes required.Seasonal aquifer storage and recovery is under consideration. In seasonal aquifer storage,water would be put into the groundwater aquifer via injection wells during low-demand periods and taken out via extraction wells during high-demand periods.The facilities for seasonal aquifer storage and recovery consists of turn-outs from the main transmission pipeline,connected to a series of combination injection-extraction wells located near the transmission pipeline alignment in the Bishop and Dublin subbasins. The wells would allow DERWA to inject recycled water during the low-and non-irrigation periods of the year. The recycled water would remain in the aquifer until needed during the high-irrigation summer.months,when the base supply is inadequate to meet daily demand.The pressure needed for injection of recycled water would result from distribution system pressures.The number of wells would depend upon the customer service option being served.Wells could be constructed in a phased approach, with a new well brought on line only as demand requires.Figure 2-10 shows typical ASR well facilities,and Figure 2-11 shows the location of anticipated ASR wells,if ASR were to be implemented as part of the Program. Seasonal Storage in LAVWMA and DSRSD Pond Facilities This seasonal storage option would take advantage of approximately 120 AF(40 mg) of storage volume that currently exists at the DSRSD WWTP and at the LAWVVMA storage pond facility south of I-580,between Hopyard Boulevard and I-580. Linder certain combinations of supply sources and customer service options, the available pond storage volume would be adequate for seasonal storage.The ponds could also be used to augment other seasonal storage options. There also exists a potential to deepen the ponds,which -tidJ:1WORM131788.RWtEIR\1 03'4PD.COC 2.24 204 LL o ............... ................_.. _ ._.. an .... . ........... ........_.......{_... C4ujJ Y 4 q `+t Q i5 S o • n ....U x LU 1 Y � t v a � Y � t C'+ j r Y C • C! n r + l=1 {T1 CL iP# lz to rZ to hr id O 2 2-25 ti � t 04 y V F3 y ,r±► o .�, `\ r r .,:_:,, 'h i � y a,�"".sem. �-.•-...�\�, .!. 7 I t� i � -.•:r'�;` ,'� � , ,`-',_ i ( .% may �»w _ Ah Oy 1 - -' pt7 LIN \ r ; ' �fStzbiin �IMrt .\ M �} ; � v �k.t�` 8BA5 •"'"'.rf ,.^-- �t ,.._....� '•� �8 �� �I�--'--f 3'rONERiLiGE DR. �� E VSRSD "J WWTP AMADOR S4--BASN Pipeline Alignments c � K Former S.F.Railroad Right-of-Way • ASF{Weii Site L.... We +* Streets/Canals ~—--— Groundwater Bash:Boundary ....... Subbasin Boundary FIGURE 2-11 _ 206 LOCATION OF PROPOSED ASR FACILITIES Source: ESA. 1886. CWHI LL 2.26 13176&RW.DE CHAPTER 2 PROS IECT DESCRIPTICN would add storage to the facility itself;increasing pond storage,however,would not have a significant effect on meeting the Program's total seasonal storage requirements because of the relatively small volume of the ponds. A primary constraint to using the ponds for seasonal storage is the need for coordination with LAVWMA and DSRSD operations.LAVWMA needs all its capacity through the end of the rainy season, approximately at the end of March. It must be recognized,however, that the exact "end of the rainy season"cannot be predicted,and LAVWMA and DSRSD would likely limit DERWA's ability to store water in the ponds due to the agency's need to prevent overflows. In order to effectively use the LAVWMA ponds,recycled water would be stored only from the end of March to the point when supply is exceeded by demand, approximately in April or May. DSRSD has similar restrictions related to when recycled water could be diverted into its ponds,and when its capacity must be made available for its operations.A secondary consideration is the potential for algal growth within the ponds. This issue could be addressed by configuring the ponds as flow-through facilities,with constant circulation of water,and by chlorination to limit algal growth.These issues would need further evaluation in subsequent work if the ponds are included in a seasonal storage component for the Program. In order to utilize the LAVWMA and DSRSD ponds,discharge and intake structures and piping would need to be constructed and connected to the main transmission pump station at the DSRSD WWTP.The transmission pump station would pump recycled water into the ponds.Recycled water from the ponds could either feed by gravity back to the pump station,or a small pump station could convey the flows to the transmission pump station for pumping into the recycled water system. Seasonal Surface Impoundment A seasonal surface impoundment could be constructed in the Camp Parks area,south of Dougherty Valley,to provide some of the seasonal storage requirements of the Program. The impoundment could consist of multiple earthen dams constructed in a reasonably defined drainage basin with adequate surface area vs.volume characteristics.The impoundment could be operated similar to an off-stream storage facility. Winter recycled water flows could be stored in the impoundment for later retrieval during the dry summer months. Evaporation from the uncovered impoundment would reduce the net yield of recycled water. A seasonal surface facility would fall under the jurisdiction of the State of California Division of Safety of Dams,which could require extensive hydrologic,,geotechnical, and engineering studies,as well as spill facilities and dam monitoring facilities. Environmental impacts could also be significant in that undeveloped and undisturbed grasslands and wetlands along drainages could be inundated,requiring mitigation to offset this impact. The total costs for a large surface impoundment would be much greater than those for an ASR component. As a result,this option was eliminated from consideration for the Program and is not considered in the Facilities Plan or this EIR. Summary of Seasonal Storage Options The potential supply sources described in this section may be implemented individu ally or combined to offer the most cost-effective and/or institutionally convenient supply for the customer service option selected by DERWA for implementation. Seasonal storage SaC1J.tWOR3C11317S8.RlMElfi1it1031dPD,Dp� 2.27 207 CHAPTER2 PMECTDESCRfPTiOM availability offers additional supply options. The DSRSD source is common to all supply options because it represents a firm supply that can be secured by DERWA for the Program. The Program's Facilities Plan provides detailed analysis of how the supply options can be combined to meet the various customer service option demands. The analysis indicates that there is a need for seasonal storage for several of the supply option and customer service option scenarios. As indicated previously,the seasonal storage component will stretch the supply options,allowing additional recycled water demand to be served or,for the specific customer service options,allowing DERWA to secure less "firm" supply volume for a given demand. The seasonal storage requirement varies from 18 AFY to 3,260 AFY.The largest seasonal storage option is ASR,which has a capacity of about 1,500 AFY. 2.5.4 Conveyance Facilities Following is a description of the physical facilities required to convey recycled water from the DSRSD WWTP to potential customers.The Facilities Plan describes in detail the planning criteria used in developing the proposed facilities. Transmission Pipelines Transmission pipelines are defined as those pipelines directly conveying recycled water from a pump station to a reservoir or storage tank.Transmission of the recycled water will be via a buried pipe system independent of existing potable water systems.The pipelines range in size from 12-to 36-inch diameter steel pipes.The larger diameter pipe would be required nearer the DSRSD plant; the smaller diameter pipe would be required in more distant parts of the system. Four basic transmission pipeline alternative configurations were developed for the Facilities Plan. The transmission pipeline segment between Dublin Boulevard and Crow Canyon Road at Dougherty Road varies among the alternatives. All other segments are common among the alternatives,and include those pipeline reaches where no viable alternative route has been identified at this point,or where the route is along a planned roadway in future development areas. The one exception to this is the reach from the DSRSD WWTP to the north side of 1-580. Previous work by DSRSD analyzed four basic alternatives for routing a 30-inch pipeline from the DSRSD WWTP to the north side of 1-580.The recommended alternative alignment crosses Stoneridge Drive from the DSRSD WWTP(at the location of the new recycled water transmission pump station),then runs east within DSRSD property between Stoneridge Drive and the LAVWMA storage lagoons;it then runs north between the lagoons and Zone 7 Canal "G-1-1."The alignment continues north beneath Johnson Drive and 1-584 to Dublin Boulevard.The second alternative alignment follows the first alignment to the north side of Stoneridge Drive,then heads north following the existing gravel access roads adjacent to the DSRSD lagoons on Johnson Drive. This alignment then travels west along Johnson Drive to the east bank of the Alamo Canal,and then north along the bank of Canal "J" towards Dublin Boulevard.The third alignment alternative heads west from the treatment plant to the east bank of the Alamo Canal,then north to cross under I-580, and on to Dublin Boulevard parallel to the bank of Canal "J." A fourth alignment alternative follows the third alignment described above,with the exception that the pipe woud be located within Johnson Drive where it closely parallels the Alamo Canal. The alignment would pass under I-580, then travel northparallel to Canal "J" to Dublin Boulevard. siJJAWORK1131768.RWSR',104314s omc 2.28 208 ........ ..... CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRlPT3ON Figures 2-12,2-13,and 2-14,and 2-15 present the alternative transmission pipeline alignment alternatives. + Southern Pacific Railroad Right-of-Way--Crow Canyon Road Alternative(SPRR-Crow Canyon Alternative): This alternative consists of a pipeline alignment from the Dublin Boulevard beginning point,west along Dublin Boulevard to Sierra Court, then northeast along Sierra Court to the old SPRR right-of-way,then northwest along the old right-of- way to Crow Canyon Road, then east along Crow Canyon Road to Dougherty Road, where the common alignment continues through the remainder of the system.Two sub- alternative alignments may provide access from Dublin Boulevard to the SPRR;these include an alignment on the Alamo Canal bank between Dublin Boulevard and SPRR, and an alignment on Dougherty Road between Dublin Boulevard and SPRR. + Southern Pacific Railroad Right-of-Way-Bollinger Canyon Road Alternative(SPRR- Bollinger Alternative): This alternative consists of a pipeline alignment as described for the SPRR-Crow Canyon Road alternative above,except at Bollinger Canyon Road,the alignment runs east along Bollinger Canyon Road and continues east along the future extension of Bollinger Canyon Road to its intersection with the future realigned Dougherty Road.The alignment then turns north along the realigned Dougherty Road to Crow Canyon Road,where the common alignment continues through the remainder of the system.The reach from the Dougherty Road--Crow Canyon Road intersection to Tank 2 consists of a short pipeline along Crow Canyon Road west to the Tank 2 site. This alignment alternative includes the sub-alternative alignments described in the first alignment to provide access from Dublin Boulevard to SPRR. Alcosta Boulevard-Crow Canyon Road(Alcosta-Crow Canyon Alternative):This alternative consists of a pipeline alignment from the Dublin Boulevard beginning point, west along Dublin Boulevard to Village Parkway,then northerly along Village Parkway to Alcosta Boulevard.The alignment then follows Alcosta Boulevard to Crow Canyon Road,then continues east along Crow Canyon Road to Tank 2. The common alignment continues through the remainder of the system. • Alcosta Boulevard-Bollin er Canyon Road Alternative(Alcosta-Bollinger Alternative): This alternative consists of a pipeline alignment from the Dublin Boulevard beginning point,west along Dublin Boulevard to Village Parkway,then north along Village Parkway to Alcosta Boulevard.The alignment then follows Alcosta Boulevard to Bollinger Canyon Road, then continues east along Bollinger Canyon Road to Crow Canyon Read and Tank 2,along the same alignment as described for the SPRR-Bollinger alternative. In comparing the four transmission pipeline alternatives,the principal differences are in the routing from Dublin Boulevard,north up the San Ramon Valley, then east to Tank 2.The south-to-north alignment selection differs as to whether to route the pipeline along the old SPRR right-of-way or along public roadways. The west-to-east alignment selection differs as to whether to run to the pipeline along Crow Canyon Road or Bollinger Canyon Road and Dougherty Road. SJJ:\WORT{131768.RW1E1Rt100314Po.00C X2--29 209 r l � Tank 4 Site Putrp S anon '.€ Site - u,,�z i K F 4 S S Tank SA ;P+ np S atiOri i Tarek 2 Sita;: '�Stta j> p Station Pu€n Tarix SA Ott® 6 S,ta .......... £ grFC is f€ e+Tclit a Sitit. sit F{t € }fx E s€ ¥> it s gg --- #€e #}s4 €€ PurTl A s €€ €3 \\ ! s �Mqnm }$F£ ##} zF# to€'#, 3t . %FE`S r4 bfp d{�"§a f�Sq f# E, t sa a tYiF }i€ r € €€ €ss r 4 uttt[� �3F teal {f €. £# € ' f€€ €v w ti 3L s€ti - $ ion cht� tz� g ® 49 zts7 Ssta<`f #s sYs� Tank 1 #ss s ass# s €f Y .24 i~"35te $ ssi idssj# zys ........ ts€ # 15f fps { k 5A o s g CO '' { /`; K`5 •t1 M S _'� f j rf e5vr t f ' �tt�® ��� � ;• £'! .Ptfrn `JteitlOn - �' 3 Tar,k 30 1fl eta # . 4 t .alta - � ump 5tatian 1 Situ o 9500 Peet S Nate: Transmission tacliitles shown for DS€iSD WWTP Project Option 3 LE�,END Arses Pipelines SAN RAMON VALLEY -- Lxisting Development w€titln Proposed Tr msnaission DSRSDIEBMUD Service Areas Piperms RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM Approved Development within i'`�•` Sub-Attamstive Pipolinas ESMUD Service Areas(See Note) ,er r► a FIGURE 2-12 Approved Development within Roads DSRSD Service Areas{See Note) Approved Development outside � � Rst�scada SPRR-Crow Canyon Road DSRSDIESMUD Service Arses '~ city Bovadades Proposed Development not}rot - County Boundary Alternative Transmission Alignment approved,outside Service Areas Primary Reservoir and Pump Location Serving Existing Customers Now Thare nrdi be futare infill darelowithin Location Serving FReservoir uture Deve210 lopment dwexisting developmeataros.Thodomsad MONTGOMERY WATSON from the infill davelopmont is inohtdmi in tho approved Dovelopmant catogory. l Tank 4 Site \ PuirptaYion <, Sats r` .... Tank BA-:, ----------------- _. rM`r "RUM0 Station s `)3 Tank 2 Site Si+a Pump Station Tankox-To+te Y5 is Tank 6 Sitsil '#ir�t � s s sx fm 00 a F S..3x Tar7 y 'J f3F{ ✓ ¢s� r Pump r€ # #3J # rx x €4 3 f �Sta fare �i #f x{�s f s r T f #3 3 sW /J x v' Tarsk i tkjif7Sits $ s s # k 31t8 kY k# < � { # Tank 5A Mite r s hUf s 'e# m ♦ M k ?��. �� 'k"f�� if� �' 3 3f S�r�i w�'`J� C] onk Tat0 P airtp Statton 'S # r sr czs - i0 Site t t Pum p'Station 1 Sita) U S500Fcct Note: Rensmission faeliities shown for Project Option 1 OSRSD WWTP LEGSNO Argas Pipelines SAN RAMON VALLEY Existing Development within Proposed Transmission DSRSVIESMUD Service Areae Pipelisses RECYCLED WAFER PROGRAM ___... Approved Development within +'��.' Sub-AitomativePipaiines EBMUD Service Areas(Sea Note) �/�►� intarsinte fighways FIGURE 2-13 Approved Development within Roads 05 RSD Service Areas(See Nate) Approved Development outsidex' ltadraads DSRSD/E9MUD Service Areas i city Boundaries SPRR-Ballinger Proposed Development not yet - - co=ty Boundary Alternative Transmission Alignment approved,outside Servios Areas ami Primary Reservoir and Pump Location Serving Existing Customers Now Them will ba future infill devela meats wrid& mug Primary Reservoir and Pump 211 P Location Serving Future Development dto oxisting developmoiot azea. The doaaad from the infill devolopmam is inchrdcd is the MONTGOMERY ATSON approved Devalopment category. r `- s Tank 4 Site :- fte � i�u t2tltrn 'i: 4•: - - �i sEe i ! Pum f ion ." lk" Tan.2 Site... p.Station x Pura _ Tgth anK$ zt9 7artH ti k 8Jite xS£x#; z' #sxg £ Pux P tt fj ' r a Stations€ £iz#sg£f Na "�r: ` '% Tank Pup #atana xgt Hsi#e{: 4 f �� < cR., jk t; r FINfiW + r £� PUir�p Statt�ne i{.1 �4ti 7tt6> tL a� � .. a�A XvS was ®M ss a 3 dank 5A VNcc • �YYYSY ,53 '�j�r3,E }rl! MN �JS� rr3'r A f s y r 3 s� t3�� 4Ctfi1 �r �s3s ' f3 S 3�J�it9�� My�J,�• i Puirtp Station ' s.. r MEMO m - T€trkD 1Ci fits t: s „ s 1 t s S ife � s sz s s Pum#3`Stiti6n- i 1 Sits! 0 85t)Dlicct Note: Transmission fsollities shown for DSRSD WWTP Project Option 1 LECdEN� Are,ss Pipelines SAN RAMON VALLEY Wating Development within /'`�1y ZsrOpoaod Tmoamiasion i3SRSfNEBMUD Servica Areas Yipelirsea RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM ,approved Development within Pipolines EBMUDService Areas lSseNote) N werstar-imshrvays FIGURE 2-14 Approved Development within DSRSD Servlos Areas(Sae Nate) O Approved Development outside � Anilzoada Alcosta-Crow Canyon Road DSRSDIMMUD Service Areas i'` City Boundaries Proposed Development not yet . ' CocsstyBnueuiary Alternative Transmission Alignment approved,outside Servloa Areas Primary Reservoir and Pump wastion Serving Existing Customers 212 Now. Thos wifi be fistara infi8 davolo mons widi Location Primary Reservoir and Pump p � Location Serving Futuro Development the oxistingdovelopmentwait.Theden=d €NTGO ERY WATSON from the infill davalopawat in moluded in the approved Developmant cstagory. _ 1 I; Tank 4 Site _ t i Porro Station r ..__ i'. Site' r N'> Tank _Ptirn#�Station 1 Tank 2 Site , Sifa £ Pump B at ark` S site i Tank B Satz Ii i N s ,gs s s # # # ss;sitit� s f€st% #x £ ss s •� : �jt^ ��i i 3 tt sss�;jt \� �~ .,•.""' h �"�k `.., Y NMI! rix 33,, i S8t.sri r�urrtp S+atso�n >x xct tt tit s si a. Tarik-7 C� tktirt3stef: d 4 GJi it9 aIt 2 �t2 t i t* Tank 1 f rg F€sfi xan k 5A \INS �k£' ✓ ti ' Fi ite `�� z z rkkY ` 4# e arsm i 1 '� :', . .. ;' '_ - s s rr�✓ ,P ♦+� ,E• .�+,,,,t6t#6i1 ,f"€a-\53x`', f-jt£t � , }�`�� 3 s'{is m RAW Tank 10 E'u+np Statscsrs u � s s y ' Pump Station 1 Site a SfQOPect � ti Mute: Transmissionfacillties,spawn for DSRSD WWTP} f'raject Option 1 i.E�END Arse Plpalines SAID RAMON /'ALLEY Exleting Deve#apment within ./ �+' Propwed Transmission DSRSDti BMriuD Service Areas Pipelines RECYCLED MATER PROGRAM Approved Development within Sab-AltenumvoPipe#ines �+ ESMUD SsrAoe Areas(See Note) ��► Interstate;iigh ys FIGURE - � r'< A ppruved Development within �,� Roads DSRSD Service Areas(See Note) Approved Development outside x h R u`#maas Aicdsta-B011in $�' DSRSDIEBM UD Service Areas r" City Bovadarias _. Proposed DOVelopment not yet - - CovaryDnunday Alternative Transmission Alignment approved,outxide Servirvlaa Areas rr* Primary Reservoir and Pump 213 aft Location Serving Existing Customers Now. 2ltore will be future infill dovelo within one Primary Reservoir and Pump the wasting developmant arae. �ho daomaud Location Serving Future Development from the infill dovalopmoatii,ineiudcdinthe MONTGOMERY WATSON approved Daveloptusat category. CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Storage and Pump Station Facilities Storage tank siting was accomplished by selecting candidate sites from 7.5 minute United States Geological Survey(USGS)quadrangles of the study area based on proximity to the transmission pipeline alignments,the proper elevation,and attempting to identify sites that minimize visual impacts.A large scale aerial photograph was also used to identify developments in the vicinity of potential tank sites.Site visits were also made to assess the feasibility of the proposed site to accommodate a storage tank. Several potential tank sites were eliminated from consideration using this process.Tank capacity, dimensions and other criteria are summarized in`fable 2-3 for each of the customer service options. A typical storage tank layout is shown in Figure 2-16. Pump station siting was accomplished by selecting candidate sites at the approximate location required from the system hydraulic modeling,and areas that would minimize visual impacts and disturbance to surrounding developments. A large scale aerial photograph was also used to identify potential pump station sites.In addition,site visits were made to assess the feasibility of each proposed site.Pump station capacity, dimensions,and other criteria are summarized in Table 2-4,for each of the customer service options.Figure 2--17 presents a typical pump station layout. Figure 2-18 shows the alternative storage tank and pump station locations that have been identified in the Facilities flan. Distribution eines The distribution system will consist of pipes branching off the main transmission pipeline as needed to connect the transmission system to recycled water customers.The distribution lines may consist of pipes ranging from 6-to 18-inches in diameter,depending on pressure and volume considerations.The distribution lines would be placed primarily within public streets and easements. Figure 2-19 illustrates the proposed distribution pipeline routing for customers that have been identified by the facilities planning effort. A table identifying the street segments within which the distribution lines would be located is included as Appendix E in this EIR. - Customer Onsite Facilities Onsite facilities will be required to connect recycled water customers to the distribution system.These facilities will typically consist of a small-diameter pipeline branching off the distribution pipe,and a gate valve and metering device.Onsite improvements may be required in existing irrigation systems to accommodate use of recycled water and ensure separation from the potable water system.New developments would be designed to accomodate recycled water use.Onsite field investigations will be conducted during preliminary design to identify the onsite improvements that may be required to retrofit the existing irrigation system for recycled water service.These investigations will also confirm the suitability of the recycled water for each particular irrigation,use. The recycled water quality profile and references for similar ongoing recycled water programs will be provided to the prospective customer to assure that the recycled water is suitable for the specific use planned,prior to beginning the onsite retrofit process. 214 sjVJ:1WORK1131768.AWER000310D. UC 2'34 TABLE 2.3 Storage Tank Information Tank Site Tank door Maximum Minimum Tank Parcel Area Elevation Water Depth Customer Capacity z DIameter3 No. (acres) (ft) (ft) Service option' (mg) (ft) 1 4 600 30 1 3.41 139 2 3.41 139 3 2.58 121 4 1.19 82 5A 1.19 82 58 3.41 139 2,2A 4 760 30 1 4.51 160 2 4.51 160 3 3.51 141 4 2.80 126 5A 2.71 124 5B 3.56 142 3,3A 2 920 30 1 0.66 61 2 0.50 53 3 0.50 53 4 0.50 53 5A 0.50 53 58 0.50 53 4 2 1,100 30 1 0.50 53 2 0.50 53 3 0.50 53 4 0.50 53 SA 0.50 53 5B 0.50 53 5,5A 2 760 30 1 1.16 81 2 0.26 38 3 0.26 18 5B 0.26 38 6 1 1,060 30 1 0.15 29 7 2 800 30 1 0.39 47 2 0.39 47 8A 2 600 30 1 0.44 50 2 0.44 50 3 0.44 50 4 0.44 50 5A 0.44 50 5B 0.44 50 10 1 800 30 1 0.23 36 Some tanks are not needed for certain customer service options. 2Tank capacity based on 112 of maximum day demand in zone plus 2 feet of water depth. 3Actual tank dimensions may vary. For planning and estimating purposes,even foot increments of diameter are used with a given operational water depth of 28 feet to provide the required capacity. Source: Montgomery Watson, 1996. 215 2-35 SJC1J:\WORK\131,768.RW\EER\TABLE2-3.DOC _._.................................................................... ..._................................................................................................................................................................ OVERFLOW DRAIN i — ROOF VENT TANK INLETI OUTLET PIPE r`ROOF HATCH ACCESS MANWAY-- l ( i ACCESS LADDER PLAN i VIEW i ROOF VENT i ccz C �`�- RING WALL GATE VALVE ELEVATION FIGURE 2-16 216 Typical Storage Tank Layout 2-36 source- mont ornery Watson, 1996, C WHILL TABLE 2-4 Pump Station Information Pump Station Structure Customer Pump Type of Dimensions' Service Number of Station No. Structure {ft x ft} Pump Type option, Pumps3 1 Above Ground See Dote 4 Vertical Turbine or 1 5 Split Case 2 5 3 5 4 5 5A 5 5B 5 2 or 2A Buried Vault 33 x 45 Vertical Turbine or € 5 Split Case 2 5 3 5 4 5 5A 5 5B 5 3 or 3A Buried Vault 27 x 40 Vertical Turbine or 1 5 Split Case 2 5 3 5 4 5 5A 5 5B 5 4 Buried Vault 27 x 40 Vertical Turbine or 1 3 Split Case 2 3 3 3 4 3 5A 3 5B 3 5 or 5A Above Ground 27 x 40 Vertical Tubrine or 1 5 Split Case 2 3 3 3 5B 3 5 Above Ground 27 x 35 Vertical"Turbine or 1 3 Split Case 7 Buried Vault 33 x 45 Vertical Turbine or 1 5 Split Case 2 5 9 Buried Vault 27 x 40 Vertical Turbine or 1 3 Split Case 2 3 10 Buried Vault 27 x 40 Vertical Turbine or ? 3 Split Case 2 3 3 3 4 3 5A 3 5B 3 Motes: 'Property requirements for each pump station assumed to be approximately 0.25 acres. Some pump stations are not needed under certain customer service options. 3Pump stations include one standby pump. `Pump Station 1 will be located at the DSRSO WWTP site. Source: Montgomery Watson, 1996. 217 2-37 sjUJ wonK 131768_RW,EIMTA$LE2.4.DO'G (j FLOW METER I BUTTERFLY VALVE ITYP.ICL i CL LL CHECK VALVE (TYP.) LQ zt 1 � I , PUMP DISCHARGE i PIPE ITYPJ t t � I k t 44i PUMP SUCTION CL PIPE ITYP.I —_-, , 1 t I-, -- PUMP ITYP.1 CL _ t k t k k t , t � t e t <>_ PLAN VIEW FIGURE 2-17 218 TYPICAL PUMP STATION LAYOUT Source: Montgomery Watson. 1996. 2.38 1317e8.AW.DE HILL i Tank 4 Site Aft 7. #Purr pS Cation ................... 4 Tak. Task 8;a... 3 Site 8 `Purnp'StatFon'f -- SFte �PurrFp S#a#Fon i Tank 2 Sita ' SFie y �aa Pump Station w a t sit Tank Tank SA its zsL3tTank 6 Site Tanis 2A Si i $ fl t�i��� }'�tt 24¢{j1e C} $ ` s �``. - ✓t t rf 15 - NO I t ......... s3 St lOn Z?'zs St$t£ff ._ t � Pump stat2oFi}........fit i s t£ 9 jte kt'Track 7 1' .. ... nn g i \�� r A 5f#8 s; $.3 #Cif tsff�tis SS Site s -' „✓�' �•. ..-- }sfsf PFsmp 3 km f s f f is s ss is "'4K' } i ..f t f3 tt rf {/✓Y f�y tfi 3 f>'S§i ; 4 tat2an :: o£g$�3 ii Pui7ip StBttan si i S {: :s rfilf t3 s Tank 5 S+ f TankL >} JFfe\ <f{is Si SFt y. bI \ ys 3 y ids` srs s Saitnk 5A ----1 r k,y r- k$rf }if�}`�.3 #•l q s r�y�rF s 2..�3.: ' Phi 1 {{ pgpq a A �O := MP-PUztatMOn Sank 0 90—r�Ag .....31 2?Ez k z€ii i 4 1 f Site -rww2rs 1// Pum pSfiltiori I sitel ; Q 8500 Feet DSR8D WWTP s.rr >�rr LEGEND Areas �a SAN RAMON 'VALLEY -- Existing Deveiopment within ffighways _ D9i33DlEi3Mi1D service Areas ���,te Rom, RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM Approved DevelopmentwitMn � Rnrlronda ESMUD Service Areae#See Notal $<$ss v Approved DevelopmentaFv{thln ^' city Boundaries FIGURE 2-1$ DSRSD Service Areae(see NOW - - courdy Boundary N_�'�l Approved Development outside Alternative Storage Tank and DSRSDIERMUD Service Areas Proposed Development not yet Pump Station Locations am* outside Service Areas am* Primary Reservoir and Pump � ==DAlternative Reservoir and rump Location Serving Existing Customers Location Serving Existing Customers 219 Ahk am% Nmary Reservoir and Pomp =0 Alternative Reservoir and rump Location Serving Future Davelopmsrrt Location Serving future Development Note: MONTGOMERY WATSON TLe demand from&a.infill deveiopmant is included la We category. 3 x`" _ --t `-� ✓ �; i 33 q i$' ♦ ♦ ' i"`# ' z; r l? 3 Sri}Eg22 tLA k�F 4## rg 332} Sit x �j 'l3 z it 4a ? v� :♦ t .� � s� xi t r 5t ££# til t ��.-' ♦ #'+'{t5 �ftt 5;£3'i s�lrs ,".3 •*f�' n1 � .. �♦Fi�ayF Y Fs a F# 5��{ f f ' liiF�iFeF F �� FF 33 ; Fl SIF . G sit#s tS$tft _ ... .. ..a... -_: i _ a Q 8500 Foes �i 1 �arise LEGEND Ames pipelines n Existing Development within /'�✓� pipelines SAN RAMON VALLEY DSRSDIEBMUD Service Areas �r►v► k1W*tat®Mghwaye RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM Approved Development within ESMUD Service Areas(Sae Note) Itoade r�xy,. Roads da �iCUR� ��� OE Approved Development within DSRSD Service Areas tSee Note) City Boundaries Approved Development outside - - County Boundary Distribution Pipelines Routing DSRSDIEBMUD Service Atari ___._...._. Proposed Development not yet approved,outside Service Areas �} 2 02 u1 Now '£Lena viii ba ftuura ialxii dove�purate sulfide doexisting development araa.�hademeud MONTGOMERY WATSON from tho infill davalopmeat is included in the approved Development oatem. CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Preliminary design of the customer on-site improvements will include all the necessary information to secure recycled water use permits for the Program. During,preliminary design,the on-site field investigation will consider the fallowing items: • Site Characteristics Type of soil,plants to be irrigated — Area of recycled water use - Potential areas of overspray,ponding,or runoff - Presence of drinking fountains and other potable water facilities - Existing backflow protection on potable water service — Appropriate locations for advisory signs — Surrounding land use or other site restrictions(e.g.,potable water) • Irrigation Facilities -- Irrigation system record drawings(if available) — Potential crass connections between potable and other services — Reservoirs,pumps,strainers,filters,piping and control systems W- Valves,quick couplers,irrigation components(e.g.,drip or spray) • Customer Management Practices — Maintenance personnel duties and training programs — Irrigation system inspection and repair procedures -- Schedule of operation and record keeping(e.g.,water application.) For the purposes of this EIR,it is assumed that the onsite facilities will be located within the customers'property in areas that have already been disturbed and developed with parking, driveways,or ornamental landscaping. Because of their location,the onsite facilities are not likely to have the potential for creating significant adverse environmental impacts. Summary of Program facilities The provision of recycled water to any of the customer service options described in the previous section will require the construction of a variety of program facilities. The physical facilities required will depend on the customer option selected. While all options have a core of facilities in cornmon,a number of facilities would be deleted from some options, particularly as the customer service area decreases in size or as recycled water demands decrease.Table 2-5 identifies all Program facilities described in this section and their inclusion with each customer service option. 2.6 Project Construction and Operations Following is a description of the construction and operational characteristics of the proposed program. 221 saGJAWORKM3176&RV✓tEIM10031dao.0oc 2-41 Table 2-5 Program Facilities Included in Customer Service Options (Note: Shaded box indicates facility could be included in identified option) Option Option Option Option Option Option Facilltv 2 3 4 5A 5B TRANSMISSION PIPELINE SEGMENTS US-RSD WWTP to D&in F31vri WWTP/Stoneridge/Eastside DLD/S orfs Parkor 22: WWTP/Westside DLD/Johnson/Sports Park,or ,, 1NWTP/Westside DLD/Johnson/Alamo Canal,or �� h�� § � k •n .. WWTP/Johnson/Alamo Cana( Dublin Blvd to fi2RR/6jQ2$j r•nssi.,.. SPRR ori Scarlett Court/SPRR,or ' m Dougherty Road/SPRR,or Village Parkway/Alcosta,or ��..::�'�'�k �. :�x:'x":..a�w�. 2'�j?�"'t'SSI,{ '�x•'" ,rd,� a SPRR,AIina to Boliina r any SPRR and f v Alcosta Blvd.,or gl Combination of above using Pine Valley cut-( f Y Bollingg�r#o Grow Canyon o Dot�ohert�., SPRR to Crow Can on Rd. x Y or s c ,PS a a dna a Alcosta Blvd.to Crow Canyon Rd.,or £ Y Crow Canyon Rd to Dougherty Rd Nr SPRRiAlcosta to Bollinger to Dougherty Bollinger-Crow Canyon Connector �,°�£c , Crow Canon to Comm Way Crow Canyon-Silver Lake,or Crow Canyon-St.Melena Dr. Dougherty Rd.to Blackhawk Crow Canyon to Tank 3(Finley Rd.) Tank 3(Finley Rd_)to County Line Or Bollinger/Dougherty to Old Ranch Rd. i County Line to SPRR(F. Dublin) Dublin Blvd. to Donlan Canyon(W. Dublin) (continued) 2rr�� ;23 SJVJ:1w0fiK 131768.RW\EIR1TA8l.2.5A.DOG 2-42 _..................................................................................................._.... . ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Table 2-5 Program Facilities Included in Customer Service Options (Note: Shaded box indicates facility could be included in identified option) Option Option Option Option Option Option Facility 1 2 3 4 SA 5B OPERATIONAL STORAGE TANKS Tank i 'tank 2, or ' IT ry r z Tank 2A — k^ XF. h� x ` 4a� � Tank 3, or rV� � Tank 3A Tank 4 .A[ , OWN"��a� Tank 5 ori"a 's Tank SA Tank 6 Tank 7y�3 Tank 8 � �t Tank 10 PUMP STATIONS Pump Station 1 € >s Pump Station 2,or Pump Station 2A :� s M a w mksaLnp� . ES Pump Station 3,or ��. � Pump Station 3A Pump Station 4 Pump Station 5 �t Pump Station 6 Pump Station 7 K ' Pump Station 9 z Pump Station 14MOE �, SEASONAL STORAGE LAVWMA/DSRSD Ponds , rk3 ,F fti Aquifer Storage and Recovery(ASIS) ; frK, WATER SUPPLY DSRSD k Pleasanton Livermore Central Contra Costa Sanitation District Groundwater Potable Water DISTRIBUTION LINES77, 77 77. CUSTOMER ONSITE FACILITIES 71 r 223 SJQ1JAW0RM131768.f ME R\TASU-SA.DOC 2`43 CHAPTER 2 PROFECT DESCR1PMN 2.6.1 Construction Pipeline installation will be by cut-and-cover trenching,except where bore and jack or similar technology is employed to traverse beneath 1-580,1-68),and other large infrastructure facilities. Excavated material not needed for trench backfill will be removed and disposed of at an approved site by the construction contractor. Large diameter pipe will be pre-positioned along the alignment during construction to avoid multiple handling; smaller diameter pipe may be temporarily stored ata suitable construction yard for delivery to the alignment as required.Transmission pipeline installation would occur at a rate of approximately 100 feet per day.Distribution lines would be installed in less time than transmission lines. Detailed traffic management plans will be developed and implemented, with approval from the appropriate local jurisdiction,to ensure construction-related impacts to the local street system are minimized to the greatest extent possible. Pump stations will be constructed as sub-grade vaults or as aboveground facilities,as appropriate to the surrounding land uses and site availability. The pumps will be fully enclosed within subgrade vaults or exposed to the elements and surrounded by sound walls. Storage tanks will be located at strategic points along the alignment to provide daily operating storage volumes and to maintain suitable pressures.These will be at--grade steel tanks,or buried or partially buried concrete tanks,constructed at a suitable elevation to meet the operating requirements of the system.They will be built on a prepared level foundation,fenced and,where appropriate,screened by vegetation and earthen berms to minimize visual impacts. Implementation of the San Ramon Valley Recycled Water Program will occur in phases. An initial project phase would provide for delivery of approximately 4,410 AFY of recycled water to existing EBMUD and DSRSD customers.This initial phase would consist of two construction stages.The first construction stage would provide 500 AFY to a portion of existing DSRSD customers,and 1,740 to a portion of the existing EBMUD customers for a total of 2,240 AFY. Service to this initial group of customers is anticipated approximately two years after project approval.The second construction:phase would provide an additional 2,170 AFY of recycled water to existing DSRSD and EBMUD customers,with completion anticipated in or near the year 2000.As planned development occurs in the study area,the system can be extended to provide service to those areas. Recycled water transmission,distribution,pumping,and storage facilities in these areas would be planned as a part of the development review process conducted by the appropriate jurisdiction and DERWA,and would be incorporated into the road and facility construction as it occurs. 2.6.2 Operations The California Regional Water Quality Control Board(RWQCB) and State Department of Health Services(DOHS)are responsible for overseeing implementation of recycled water projects such as the San Ramon Valley recycled Water Program and the regulatory process that guides implementation. The DERWA Program will operate in accordance with the regulations and requirements for such projects established by the RWQCB and DOHS. The DSRSD WWTP-produced recycled water will meet the water quality requirements for disinfected tertiary recycled water for unrestricted use,contained in the latest draft version of Title 22 of the California Cade of Regulations. The transmission and distribution system s.ic)J:1WORK1?31768.RWSR11003'4Po.00c 2-44 224 CHAPTER2 PRQECTQESCRPTION will be designed,constructed and operated in accordance with Title 22 regulations.If aquifer storage and recovery is implemented as part of the Program,groundwater monitoring will be included as part of the ASR operation. Recycled water customers will be trained in the use of recycled water,and will be required to submit informal monitoring reports to DERWA and/or its member agencies.The self-monitoring program and reporting requirements may contain the following requirements: • .Recycled water sampling and analysis • Groundwater sampling and analysis • Monitoring of water reuse sites • Reports to be filed with the RWQCB 2.7 Relationship Between DERWA Program and DSRSD Clean Water Revival Project DSRSD is currently in the process of evaluating a proposed wastewater disposal project known as the Clean Water Revival:Recycling for Groundwater Replenishment Project (CWR).The project involves advanced treatment of the secondary effluent from.DSRSD's existing plant to produce recycled water in accordance with state and federal regulations, followed by disposal of the recycled water into one or more local groundwater basins for later reuse.The project involves treatment and injection of up to 2.5 million gallons per day ( gd),for a total of about 2,800 AFY.The large groundwater aquifer that underlies the Livermore Amador galley is divided into smaller subbasins as a result of geologic faults than extend through the area.DSRSD's project has two injection location alternatives,which coincide with the two primary basins(Main and Fringe),that are being evaluated at an equal level of detail in the EIR for that project.These,are the Main Bashi and Fringe Basin Injection alternatives. A third alternative that consists of a composite of these two alternatives(but not greater than 2.5 gd)is also being evaluated. The Fringe Basin Injection alternative would involve treatment of recycled water to Title 22 tertiary standards,and disposal of up to 1,400 AFX of recycled water through continuous wintertime injection into the Fringe Basin. Recycled water injected into the Dublin subbasin (which is a subbasin within the Fringe Basin)would be extracted on a yearly cycle for non- potable reuse.The Dublin subbasin is not used as a municipal water supply source, although some private irrigation water production wells do exist within the subbasin.The water quality in this subbasin is relatively poor and limits its suitability as a drinking water supply.The transmission pipelines and well sites proposed for the DSRSD Fringe Basin Injection alternative are identical to those proposed for the ASR component of the DERWA project.Figure 2-20 shows the ASR facilities that could be common to both the DERWA and CWR projects. 225 $&J,kWORK1lal ,RW\EI91003r4w.00C 2.45 DERWA r 1 ' Study Area i 0, FJ ` # + Boundary xH�wx r 9p� 18�3�S1N �C? , I l f rLE WSAJAO YALLfY Area j l 5Dlwk ''\ .,;��� ,v Er3lar "� ..r' ♦ ■t p l 4 y,, i�8I7TC1'Fi� �.� 1--.,_..iy`^•> �`,�•,W, .1:.." is! .j� '� f.1STERN.,,..ff? 1 i'� (Yl��"+� �� •`.,�'/ � ;.t� ! .r 'y d iY£57fRN OtRtiNf 9 i ai t OUSIN Vo �F3 \ `'� ii1 1 � �Y � i.y,•...lt"�,�Y'-.... '�>�j ,''�l+l,ti+, #� S-t .,....�,,,,,t. '-1 -i � _...._�,„._.. t '"...,� t T��. ; { S-j a f......,..._ l ..} ! y.._�� , 1^J ~+r ". ' � Dt �. \� .� iJL?i3 i....:+..—•ems....— ..` ,'t+. ^ _ ✓ \ -#►7�'j �rp--'r illi! 4 M:+►iw # CTLMLthl# ^+ F f #y'tIt�MY#!'* #=#,+ii.#Irk• ..-zs�t t Pi• "� `1 ``� CA�+IP-609BASIN , l 68Q -f STOtIE-RIDGE wwrp AMADOR SUBBASIN i r _ I .rvc� `• -'y ;,tY >� l`3�P,NA#*Si,,��AS�Ni.> 1 ��� ' �..''� �,-,����� as m• Overlap of Fringe Basin Project with DERWA Pipelines •r a w r Overlap of Main Basin Project and DERWA Pipelines o$ Clean Water Revival Only Pipeline Well Site—F Sites could overlap with DERWA Weil Sites ........ Groundwater Basin Boundary FIGURE 2-20 226 FACILITIES WITH POTENTIAL FOR OVERLAP BETWEEN CWR AND DERWA Source: ESA, i 8 8. a-as CWi�f� 13 f 768.RW.Orz CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Under certain DERWA project configurations (those including ASR as a supply element) and under CWR's Fringe Basin injection alternative,recycled water would be treated to Title 22 tertiary standards at the DSRSD plant and injected into the Dublin subbasin.In the CWR project,extraction of the injected water is required to "complete" that project's disposal objective. Extraction by DERWA is identified as one possible extraction scenario, which would allow CWR to meet its disposal objective. If both projects are implemented, the DSRSD Clean Water Revival Project and the DERWA Recycled Water Program may share some transmission lines,to reduce costs to bath projects.In the event that both projects proceed at the same time,the projects could share a single pipeline which is sized to accommodate both projects,thus decreasing construction and maintenance casts. Although DERWA is identified as one possible recycled water extraction scenario for CWR's Fringe Basin injection alternative,the DERWA Program is not dependent on the CWR Project. DERWA can extract the recycled water injected by CWR in the fringe basin,or it can obtain its own recycled water supply from the DSRSD plant to aclhieve its recycled water supply objective.Similarly,CWR could contract with DERWA to extract its injected water in the Fringe Basin,or it could develop its own irrigation reuse program,or identify another agency or entity to perform this activity. If DERWA decided not to proceed with its program or were delayed in doing so,and CWR proceeded with its Fringe Basin alternative, CWR would be required to develop an irrigation reuse program on its own or via another agency or entity to extract the recycled water since the RWQCB will not permit the Fringe Basin to be used for wastewater disposal;the recycled grater would need to be removed yearly. It is important to nate that the primary distinction between the ASR component of the projects is that the DERWA Program is a recycled water supply project which may use ASR as a means to store water in the winter to augment summer recycled water supplies,while the CWR project is first and foremost a wastewater disposal project that uses ASR as a means to achieve disposal purposes.As shown in Table 2-6,the operational characteristics of ASR for each project are different,because the projects use ASR for different purposes. As indicated in Section 1.1,Introduction,an EIR is being prepared for the Clean Water Revival project by DSRSD.The impacts associated with using ASR for wastewater disposal in the Fringe basin are evaluated in that document.Since the DERWA Program is not dependent on CWR, and because the DERWA and CWR objectives and impacts are different,and because the DERWA project does not create disposal capacity for any wastewater supplier to DERWA,this EIR does not analyze the wastewater dispersal impacts of ASR. 2.8 Permitting Requirements There are several permits that must be obtained prior to project implementation.These permits fall into two categories:permits necessary for implementation and operation of a recycled water system,and permits necessary for construction. Implementation and Operation The major permit required for implementation and operation of the DERWA project is a blanket recycled water use permit,which will be issued by the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB). A blanket permit, as defined by Section 13523.1 of tie California Water Code,is a permit issued to a recycled water supplier and/or distributor,or 5,1cfJ:tWORM131768.3(WlEIR1100314,D.We 2-47 227 CHAPTER2 PROJECT DESCRIPT ION TABLE 2.6 ASR Operations in Fringe Basin Comparison of DERWA and CWR Projects ASR Operations DERWA C1113'R Fringe Basin I Operated for wastewater disposal No Yes 2. Must have 24-hour/day mechanical reliability/redundancy(i.e., No Yes standby power,etc.) I Cannot be interrupted(i.e.,must operate whenever No Yes wastewater flows exceed irrigation demand) 4. RWQCB permit required for wastewater disposal capacity No Yes 5. Need to maintain separate discharge capacity equal to ASR. Yes No capacity if recycled water does not meet Title 22 requirements (public health protection) 6. Must provide for storage capacity if reclamation system needs No Yes to be shut down 7. Must provide for storage for peak wet weather flaws No Yes bath, that includes water discharge requirements.The blanket permit provides that recycled water customers are no longer required to directly contact the RWQCB for approval to use or to materially change the character of the existing use of recycled water. With the issuance of a blanket permit,the responsibility to ensure compliance with regulations resides with the recycled water supplier and/or retailer,which establishes and regulates customer requirements and prohibitions. RWQCB Order 93-159 is a blanket permit held by the,Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District Zone 7(Zone 7),the City of Livermore,and DSRSD that currently applies to recycled water projects in the Livermore Amador Valley area. The permit could govern recycled water use for DSRSD,EBMUD,and DERWA because the DERWA study area overlies much of the Livermore Amador Valley groundwater basins. However,the actual permit ultimately issued for the DERWA Programmay be an amendment to the existing blanket permit,or a new blanket permit issued specifically for the.Program. As a part of complying with this permit,DERWA and its member districts will develop a set of rules and regulations,that are consistent with the permit requirements, for the Districts and their customers.These rules and regulations become the mechanism for ensuring compliance with the specific blanket permit requirements.The rules and regulations must also include the existing guidelines and regulations currently in effect in California for recycled water use.The following list identifies the most significant sources of guidelines and regulations. • Guidelines for Use of Recycled Water(DOHS) • Guidelines for the Preparation of an Engineering Report on the Production, Distribution,and Use of Recycled Water (DOHS) • Guidelines for Use of Recycled Water for Construction Purposes (DOHS) • Criteria for Mosquito Prevention in Wastewater Reclamation or Disposal (DOHS) S GJ:�WpRfC1?3t 75$.AW EfR110031d?o:�OC 2.48 228 CHAPTER 2 Pn teCT DESCRiPnoN • Criteria for Mosquito Prevention in Wastewater Reclamation or Disposal (DOHS) • Guidelines for the Distribution of Nonpotable Water(California-Nevada Section of AWWA) • CCR Title 17: Drinking Water Supplies---Backflow Prevention • CCR Title 22, Division 4,Chapter 3: Wastewater Reclamation Criteria(State Code) • Memorandum of Agreement Between the Department of Health Services and the State Water Resources Control Board on Use of Recycled Water • Reclamation Permit Requirements(RWQCB) Construction The second category of permits are those associated with construction activities. These permits generally include encroachment and other similar permits required by local jurisdictions,public utility entities,and state/federal goverrunent agencies.The list of agencies who may issue perrnits/'approvals for the Program are identified in the next section,Section 2.9,Uses of the PSR. 2.9 Uses of the EIR This EIR assesses potential impacts of the proposed San Ramon galley Recycled Water Program described in this chapter.This document has been prepared in accordance with CEQA statutes and guidelines and DERWA's adopted CEQA guidelines. DERWA is the Lead Agency for this EIR and has overseen its preparation.This document has the following specific uses and purposes. • To comply with CEQA. • To provide public notice to other potential interested or affected parties regarding the proposed project. • To provide an administrative forum for public comment regarding any potential environmental impacts related to the proposed project. • To provide the required environmental documentation for applicable environmental permitting processes. Cather agencies may use the EIR as the basis for decisions to issue approvals or permits related to the proposed project.The agencies that may review and/or use the EIR for permitting or approval purposes include the following. • CA Regional Water Quality Control Board,San Francisco Region • CA Department of Health Services • CA Department of Fish and Game • CA Department of Transportation • CA Department of Water Resources • Bay Area Air Quality Management District sjUJAWORMI 31768AMERI003141D.WC 2-49 229 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION • East Bay Municipal Utility District • Dublin San Ramon Services District • Contra Costa County Sanitary District • Livermore Amador Valley Y v ater Management Agency • Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District,Zone 7 • Alameda County • Contra Costa County • Town of Danville • City of San Ramon • City of Dublin • City of Livermore • City of Pleasanton This EIR addresses the Water Recycling Program at both a project and program level of detail.The initial phase of the Program,which provides recycled water to existing customers in the existing DSRSD and EBMUD service areas,is evaluated ata project level, with the exception of the storage tanks,which have not yet been finalized and may change in location over time.All storage tanks are evaluated at a program.level. Future project facilities(i.e.,those not required for the initial phase),and all water supply facilities except for DSRSD/Pleasanton supply,are also evaluated at a programmatic level. DERWA anticipates that additional,project-specific environmental review will be required for the initial phase storage tanks,and for future program facilities.This environmental review will be conducted in accordance with CEQA and DERWA's CEQA guidelines if,and when, subsequent phases of the Program are proposed for implementation.Construction of future phasefacilities will be integral to new development activities,and environmental impact evaluation maybe'incorporated with that of the land development activities. Table 2-6 identifies the level of CEQA review provided for the'various components of the Program. 2.10 Consistency with State, regional, and Local Plans The State CEQA Guidelines require that EIRs discuss the consistency between a proposed project and any applicable local and regional plans. The purpose of this discussion is to identify potential inconsistencies between the proposed project and these adopted plans, and to provide an understanding of the overall planning framework within which the project should be considered. In addition to addressing regional and local plans, the following discussion considers State requirements regarding the use of recycled water. California Law and Regulation The State of California has found that water recycling uses proven technologies to treat wastewater to a level acceptable and safe for many non-potable applications and indirect potable uses. Because much of the wastewater generated in the state is currently being discharged to the ocean or to other discharge points without additional use,water recycling provides an opportunity to conserve and reuse a scarce resource. Thus,in addition to gaining acceptance by the general public, the use of recycled water is also strongly encouraged by the State of California. Article 10 of the California State Constitution sets forth the statutory authority for the use of recycled water. Section 13550 of the California Water Code requires recycled water to be used for non-potable uses such as greenbelt sjdJ:WORK1131788.RMEIR1t00314PD-wc 2.50 30(� TABLE 2.7 Level of CEQA Review Provided for DERWA Program Components Component Project Level Review Program Level Review DSRSD/Pteasanton Recycled Water Facilities -Refurbish existing filters' -flew microfiltration X Water Supply Facilities -Conveyance of Livermore secondary X effluent to DSRSD -Conveyance of CCCSD raw X wastewater to DSRSD -Seasonal groundwater pumping X -Connections to potable system X Seasonal Storage and Supply Facilities -ASR wells injection/extraction X -Seasonal storage in LAVWMA/ X DSRSD ponds Transmission Pipelines SPIER-Crow Canyon Alignment X -SPRR-Bollinger Alignment X -Alcosta-Crow Canyon Alignment X Alcosta-Bollinger Alignment X Dougherty Valley Segment X -Tassajara Valley Segment X -Western Dublin Segment X Operational Storage Tanks X Pump Stations' X Distribution Lines X Customer Onsite Facilities' X Notes: 'CEQA review already provided in 1994 by DSRSD(DSRSD, 1994). 'pump Station No. 1 at DSRSD treatment plaint is addressed at a program level. 3For the purposes of this EIR, it is assumed that the onsite facilities will be located within the customers'property in areas that have already been disturbed and developed with parking, driveways,or ornamental landscaping.Because of their location,the onsite facilities are not likely to have the potential for creating significant adverse environmental impacts. If onsite facilities do not meet these criteria, supplemental CEOA review may be required. See discussion in Section 2.5.4 of this EIR. 2-51 s�rJJ:iwoRKit31788.RwtE1FllrneLE2•i.oGC 231 CHAPTER PROJEOT DESCRIP71ON irrigation when it is available and when it meets all water quality requirements. In addition, with the passage of AB174 in 1991, the State Legislature set annual water recycling goals of 700,000 acre feet by the year 2000,and one million acre feet by 2010. Because the proposed Recycled Water Program would provide high-quality recycled water for non-potable water uses such as landscape irrigation, this program would be consistent with applicable state law and regulation. RWQCB Policies and Plans The State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) and the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) (San Francisco Region)regulate recycled water development and use in California and the Bay Area,respectively.Specific policies implemented by these agencies governing the development of water recycling facilities and the use of recycled water include the following. Reclamation Policy.The Policy and Action Plan for Water Reclamation in California(January 1977) implements the legislative directive contained in Water Code Section 13512,which requires the state to "undertake all possible steps to encourage development of water reclamation facilities." The DERWA Program would be consistent with this policy. Water Quality Control Plan,San Francisco Bay Basin(Basin Plan).The RWQCB`s Basin Plan serves as the basis for issuing waste discharge permits in the San Francisco Bay Basin.The Plan establishes the plans,policies and provisions for water quality management. Amendments to the San Francisco Bay Basin Plan were adopted by the RWQCB in June 1995 and approved by the SWRCB in November 1995.All water recycling projects undertaken must be consistent with the Basin Plan.The Pian specifies water quality objectives for municipal and agricultural supply waters that include standards for the physical characteristics of the water(e.g.,color,odor,turbidity),inorganic constituents such as total dissolved solids and sulfate,and inorganic constituents such as heavy metals. Given the quality of the recycled water produced by the DSRSD treatment plant,and because waste discharge permits would be issued by the RWQCB before any recycled water irrigation uses are established, the proposed program would be consistent with the Basin Plan. SWRCB Resolution No.88.63.The State Water Resources Control Board adopted Resolution No. 88-63 in May 1988.The resolution essentially states that all surface and groundwaters of _. the State are considered to be suitable,or potentially suitable,for municipal or domestic water supply and should be so designated by the Regional Boards,with the following exceptions: 1. Surface and groundwaters where: a) The total dissolved solids'(TDS)exceed 3,000 mg/l and it is not reasonably expected by Regional Boards to supply a public water system; or b) There is contamination,either by natural processes or by human activity (unrelated to the specific pollution incident), that cannot reasonably be treated for domestic use using either Best Management Practices or best economically achievable treatment practices;or C) The water source does not provide sufficient water to supply a single well capable of producing an average,sustained yield of 204 gallons per day. SJUJAWORV3'768AMEtR1t0Q314Pp.EXX 2-52 232 _ _...._............................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPMON 2. Surface waters where: a) The water is in systems designed or modified to collect or treat municipal or industrial wastewaters,process waters,reining wastewaters,or storrnwater runoff,provided that the discharge from such systems is monitored to assure compliance with all relevant water quality objectives as required by the Regional Boards; or b) The water is in systems designed or modified for the primary purpose of conveying or holding agricultural drainage waters,provided that the discharge from such systems is.monitored to assure compliance with all relevant water quality objectives as required by the Regional Boards. 3. Groundwater where: The aquifer is regulated as a geothermal energy producing source or has been exempted administratively pursuant to 40 Code of Federal Regulations, Section 1.46.4 for the purpose of underground injection of fluids associated with the production of hydrocarbon or geothermal energy,provided that these fluids do not constitute a hazardous waste under 40 CFR,Section 261.3. The resolution further enables the RWQCBs to amend use designations. Any body of water which has a current specific designation previously assigned to it by a.Regional Board in Water Quality Control Plans may retain that designation at the Regional Board's discretion. Where a body of water is not currently designated as municipal supply but,in the opinion of a regional Board,is presently or potentially suitable for municipal supply,the Regional Board shall.include municipal supply in the beneficial use designation. The Regional Boards shall also assure that the beneficial uses of municipal and domestic supply are designated for protection wherever those uses are presently being attained,and assure that any changes in beneficial use designations for waters of the State are consistent with all applicable regulations adopted by the Environmental Protection Agency. Consistency of the DERWA Program with this policy is discussed in Section 3.1.2 of this EIR. Air Quality Management Plan Pursuant to the California Clean Air Act of 1988,the Bay Area Air Quality Management District(BAAQMT D) and the Association of Bay Area Governments(ABAG)jointly prepared the 1991 Clean Air Plan.This plan sets forth strategies for reducing air pollutant emissions,including primarily ozone precursors,in the Bay Area Air Basin until attainment of the state air quality standards is met.Because the proposed project would not generate substantial entissions of ozone precursors during either construction of the project or ongoing operations,the project would be operated in accordance with the goals of the Clean Air Plan. A detailed:discussion of the project's air quality impacts is provided in Section 3.13 of this EIR. ESMUD and DSRSU'Water Supply Management Plans As discussed in Section 2.2,both EBMUD and DSRSD have included water recycling in their water supply management plans.Implementation of the DERWA Program is, therefore,consistent with those plans. "IJAW{)WI31769.F MBR\#00314po.wc 2-53 CHAPTER2 PROJECTOESCRTTION County General Pians The Program study area falls within Contra Costa County and Alameda County. The General Plans of both of these counties were reviewed to ensure that the proposed program is compatible with the relevant goals,policies and implementation measures identified in the Plans. Relevant provisions from the General Plans of these counties include the following: Contra Costa County. The Contra Costa County General Plan contains the following policies relative to water recycling: • Policy 7-24: Opportunities shall be identified and developed in cooperation with water service agencies for use of non-potable water, including groundwater, reclaimed water, and untreated surface water,for other than domestic use. • Policy 7-27: The reclamation of water shall be encouraged as a supplement to existing water supplies. Alameda County. The Alameda County General Plan is implemented, in part, by the East County Area Plan;the DERWA.project falls within an area currently covered by this plan,if that area were to develop as an unincorporated area of Alameda County. The East County Area Plan contains the,following policies relative to water recycling: • Policy 240: The County shall support more efficient use of water through such means as conservation and recycling, and shall encourage the development of water recycling facilities to help meet the growing needs of East County. • Policy 244: The County shall encourage the efficient use of water for landscape irrigation, vineyards and other cultivated agriculture. To this end, the County shall encourage the use of recycled water,treated by the reverse osmosis or other process and meeting groundwater basin standards set forthby the Regional Nater Quality Control Board,for agricultural irrigation. • Policy 245: The 'County shall encourage Zone 7 and the water retailers to require separate service connections and meters where large quantities of water are used for special purposes such as golf courses and landscape irrigation so that consumption of water for these uses can be managed in times of drought. To this end, the County shall, if feasible, require'the use of recycled water for golf courses and shall encourage use of recycled water for non-residential landscaping, irrigated agriculture, and groundwater recharge in accordance with Regional Water Quality Control Board adopted standards. • Policy 245A: The County shall require Major New Urban Development to incorporate a recycled water distribution system as part of their facilities plan. Other major projects including golf courses shall also meet this requirement, if feasible. • Policy 249: The County shall encourage development of water reclamation facilities, where feasible, in order to reduce wastewater export and to provide additional water to help meet the growing needs of the East County. Local General Plans General Plans have been prepared by the cities within the study area. As with the county general plans,these plans consist of a set of goals,policies, and implementation measures sjUJ:IWOAM131768.RW1EIR1100314Po.XC 2' 234 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT MSCRIPTt N that focus on issues that are of the greatest concern of each community. Each of the plans includes at least the following seven elements: land use,circulation,housing,noise,safety, conservation,and open space. General Plans for Danville, San Ramon and.Dublin have been reviewed. Only the San Ramon General Plan contains specific policies relative to the use of recycled water. Community Image Policy I states: Encourage attractive,drought tolerant landscaping on private property that is suitable for San Ramon's climate. Although Sun Ramon is located in an area of mild temperatures and average rainfall, drought-like conditions have prevailed in the past for years at a time. The City has established guidelines to promote water conserving landscapes by limiting turf area and requiring drought tolerant shrubbery. The City also supports legislation far the development and use of dual water systems for reclaiming water for irrigation purposes. San Ramon's Water Quality and Conservation Policies include the following: C. Rewire new development to be equipped with water conservation devices, including the possibility of dual water systems. E. Support the application of reclaimed water to reduce the demand on municipal water supplies. Water reclamation not only extends water supplies, it can also reduce wastewater disposal costs,sane users'costs,save energy and reduce the discharge of pollutants to the environment, The City supports only safe and practical applications of reclaimed water. F. Investigate and apply for federal and state.financing for implementation of water reclamation projects. The proposed project is compatible with the goals and policies contained in each of these plans;no General Plan amendments would be required to implement the project in those jurisdictions. Specific Plans Specific plans are proposed within the context of General Plans for particular development proposals. They are to demonstrate compliance with the General Plans and provide details on the specific development being proposed. One significant Specific Plan in the study area is for Dougherty Valley. Use of recycled water is an integral part of the water supply planning for this area,both as mitigation for water supply impacts,and as a policy for the Specific Plan itself.The following recycled water policy is contained in the Dougherty Valley Specific Plan: • Policy U-5: Provide for the use of reclaimed water distribution system to irrigate parks, school grounds,and golf courses. In addition,as a part of the Dougherty Valley specific plan litigation settlement between EBMUD,Contra Costa County,Windemere Ranch Partners,and Shapell Industries (EBIVMUD et al, 1995),projects in Dougherty Valley are required. to be designed and buil .o accept and utilize reclaimed water for irrigation purposes in public and semi-public areas. sjUJ:\WORK%131768.RW\E1R\100314Po.Dx 2-55 235 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Another Specific Plan in the study area is the Eastern Dublin Specific Plan, adopted by the City of Dublin in 1994. This specific plan also supports the use of recycled water for landscape irrigation,as evidenced in the following policy: • Policy 9-5: Coordinate with DSRSD to expand its recycled water service boundary to encompass the entire Eastern Dublin Specific Plan area. Require recycled water use or landscape irrigation in accordance with DSRSD's Recycled Water Policy. 236 sicJJ:\WORK\131768.RWSR\100314po.xc 2-56 ............................................ .............................................. ,'�� � �' ,� �r•- 2�� ' Chapter Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation A preliminary environmental assessment was prepared for the Recycled Water program in early 1995.This assessment,together with preliminary design information and the results of the scoping process,identified where the proposed project might result in significant impacts with regard to a number of environmental issues.Based on the findings of the preliminary environmental analyses and review,this section of the EIR focuses on the following environmental issues: 3.1 . Groundwater 3.2 Surface Water and Drainage 3.3 Salinity,Soils,and Vegetation 3.4 Geology and Seismicity 3.5 Land Use 3.6 Public Services,Utilities,and Energy 3.7 Noise 3.8 'Traffic and Circulation 3.9 Biological Resources 3.10 Human Health and Safety 3.11 Cultural Resources 3.12 Aesthetics 3.13 Air Quality Each topic is discussed in terms of Existing Environmental Setting,Impacts,and Nfitigation. The discussion of impacts for each environmental issue states the significance criteria used to determine whether an impact would be significant.This text is italicized and is located at the beginning of each impact category discussion.A general discussion of impacts is then provided.. Irnpacts are categorized as follows: • Significant • Potentially significant,but can be mitigated to a less than significant level • Less than significant,mitigation not required under CEQA but may be recommended • No impact • Beneficial impact The discussion of mitigation measures follows the impact discussion.These are the measures that need to be incorporated into the project in order to reduce significant impacts to less-than-significant levels.Impacts and mitigation measures have been correspondingly numbered for ease of reference. 238 SJC/J:IWORM131768.RME1R1100314RE.DOC 3.1 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SET TING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION 3.1 Groundwater 3.1.1 Existing Environmental Setting Hydrogeology The groundwater basin that underlies the Livermore-Amador and San Ramon Valleys is divided into several subbasins as a result of geologic faults that extend through the area. There are twelve groundwater subbasins,which are grouped into two regional categories: 1)the Main or Central Basin,and 2)the Fringe Basins.The Main Basin underlies a major portion of the Livermore-Amador Valley and is divided into three subbasins----the Amador, Bernal,and Mocho H subbasins.The groundwater in the west portion of the Main Basin is of good quality and adequate in quantity,and is used as a municipal water supply by the Alameda County Water Conservation and Flood Control District Zone 7-(Zone 7),the City of Pleasanton,and some private individuals.The Fringe Basin includes the Dublin,Bishop, Camp,Castle,May,Mocho L Altamont,Spring and'Masco subbasins.The fringe subbasins tend to provide lower well yields and poorer water quality than the Main Basin. The DERWA study area is located over the Bishop,Dublin,and Camp fringe subbasins in the northwest portion of the Livermore and San Damon Valleys.Valley(see Figure 3-1).The subbasins are separated from each other,and from surrounding subbasins,by faults. Quaternary alluvium within the subbasins is the principal source of groundwater.This material is underlain by the Tassajara Formation,which consists of 5,000 feet or more of relatively low permeability Pliocene sediments. The northernmost portion of the study area overlies the Bishop subbasin,while the southern portion overlies the Dublin and Camp subbasins.Although previous work suggested that there was no subsurface flow from the Bishop subbasin into the Dublin subbasin,current Zone 7 water level maps suggest some hydraulic continuity between the basins.For the purpose of the analysis in this EIR,the two subbasins are assumed to be in good hydraulic connection,and are discussed together below. The two subbasins are largely bounded to the southwest and northeast by relatively low permeability sediments.A fault defines a portion of the eastern boundary of the Dublin subbasin,where it is in contact with the Camp subbasin.The southern boundary of the Dublin subbasin is a fault;the degree to which this fault significantly impedes flaw from this basin into the adjacent Bernal subbasin is uncertain. Hydrogeologic cross sections indicate the presence of numerous sand and gravel zones in the subbasins that are typically 10 to 50 feet thick,although they are not clearly correlated between wells. The permeable zones are separated by clayey units that are commonly 20 to 100 feet thick. Wells in the area are commonly 400 to 800 feet deep. Groundwater in the shallow aquifers maybe under unconfined conditions,but deeper zones are probably confined. Zone 7's Spring 1995 water level map indicates water levels of 420 feet mean sea level (msl) near the northern end of the Bishop subbasin,to 280 feet msl in the southern portion of the Dublin subbasin near the fault boundary with the Bernal subbasin.Based upon the Spring 1995 map,groundwater in the study area flows in a southerly direction under a hydraulic gradient of about 0.004(20 feet/mile).Comparison of Zone 7 water level maps and SJCIJ,tWORM131788.R4MEIR11Q031PE.DX 3-2 239 v� d m �s I � p W CL �L I Z6 ! o t cc m s . .. • V f J Z w? r - l .�:' . t -tea Z : fl c l Cc e m al ae tf 1 1 1 � O m it 240 3-3 w� t 3 f�8E.R1M.0E 3 'EWRONMENTALSETING,IMPACTS,AND NTiGAMON topographic maps suggests that water levels in the upper aquifer zones in the study area are at or within about 20 feet of ground surface. Groundwater Quality Total dissolved solids (TDS)of groundwater in the two subbasins varies between about 340 mg/l to 926mg/l. Recent data.indicate average TDS concentrations of about 500 to 650 ppm near the potential ASR well sites.Historic data indicate that TDS concentrations in the area of potential ASR wells have averaged about 400 to 600 ppm(Zone 7, 1996). Available data from Zone 7 indicate the presence of about 30 contaminant sites in the subbasin area within Alameda County.Most of the sites are related to leaky fuel tanks. Discussions with Zone 7 staff indicate that there are no large-scale groundwater contamination problems in this area.Available data from Contra Costa County and California Environmental Protection Agency(CaIEPA)indicate the presence of about 32 contaminant sites in the subbasin area within Contra Costa County. Recycled Water Quality The recycled water at the DSRSD WWTP derives from three potable water supplies: EBMLJD,the Livermore-Amador Valley Main Basin aquifer,and Zone 7 surface water.Each of these three potable water supplies is of different duality.One measure of that differing quality of importance to irrigation customers is TDS.The TDS from each of these three potable water supplies is shown below. Potable water Source Average TDS EBMUD 70 mgA Main Basin Groundwater 400 to 500 mg/1 Zane 7 Surface Water 275 to 395 mg/I Presently,the influent at the DSRSD VVWTP is composed of approximately 25 percent EBMUD supply,with the remainder being a combination of Zone 7 surface and groundwater supplies. During the summer,more groundwater is in the mix,while in the winter and spring months,more surface water is used. As the influent flow at the DSRSD WWTP increases,the percentage of flow derived from the EBNIUD potable supply will decrease,thereby increasing the resulting TDS of the recycled water supply.Further,it is likely that any increased flow from DSRSD and the City of Pleasanton will be mainly from additional Zone 7 surface supplies,which will tend to moderate the impacts of a lower EBMUD-derived share of the flow.Groundwater will likely not increase significantly,to prevent overdrafting of the aquifer and because most of DSRSD's future water supply will likely materialize in the form of water transfers from the Delta imported water source. Currently,the secondary effluent TDS at the DSRSD WWTP is approximately 570 mg/l. Assuming a weighted average of the various source waters,average potable water TDS within the DSRSD and City of Pleasanton wastewater collection area ranges from 275 to 241 SJG1J.lwoftK1131768.RVVSS1100314RE.DCC 3"4 3 ENVIRONMEWAL SE MNG,IMPACTS,AND MTiGATtON 395 mg/l. Therefore,the increase in TDS concentration from potable water system to the WWTP effluent ranges from 175 to 295 mg/l. Seasonal variations will occur due to changes in the potable water source mix and seasonal variations in source water quality.If all the additional potable supply that contributes to increased flows at the DSRSD WWTP is Zone 7 surface supplies,the resulting TDS for that flow increment will be approximately 605 mg/l. This is only 6 percent greater than the existing TDS of the DSRSD WWTP recycled water of 570 mg/l.Similar small changes in other recycled water quality parameters are expected as flows increase at the DSRSD WWTP.The recycled water provided for the DERWA Program is projected to be approximately 680 mg/l. Table 3-1 compares the water quality of the ambient groundwater in the Dublin and bishop subbasins,the filtered recycled water to be injected and extracted by the ASR component of the Program,water quality regulations established for recycled water acrd/or use within the fringe basin,and drinking water standards. Local Wella California Department of Water Resources(DWR)well log data for the study area contain sparse information regarding well production characteristics.Reported production rates vary from about 10 to 800 1pm.These are test production rates and may not reflect long- term operational rates. Available log data indicate specific capacities of about 5 to 10 gpm/ft of drawdown.Based on recent pumping tests,transmissivity is estimated at 3,200 to 6,600 gpd/ft. of drawdown for local aquifer materials(Zone 7,1996). Local well lugs indicate irrigation as the primary use of the subbasins;there are few,if any, current local domestic users of groundwater in the subbasins.Two DWR well logs from the potential ASR well area were located that listed:domestic use as the intended purpose of the well.These wells were drilled between 1955 and 1964 and are from 170 to 570 feet deep. 3.1.2 Impacts Significance Criteria Impacts to groundwater would be considered signa scant if they were to substantially degrade water quality;contaminate a public water supply,substantially degrade or deplete groundwater resources; or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge. The groundwater impacts that could potentially occur with implementation of the proposed Program generally fall into the following categories. Impacts to groundwater quality in the Fringe Basin 0 Impacts to groundwater quality in the Main Basin • Impacts to groundwater levels =/J:tWORK11317U.RWe[R\100314RE.DOC 3-5 242 TABLE 3.1 Comparison of Existing Fringe Basin Groundwater Quality,Projected Recycled Water Quality,and Regulatory Standards Page 1 of 2 Range of Range of Ambient Ambient Water Quality Dublin Bishop Requirements* Drinking Subbasin GW Subbasin GW Secondary Title 221 Zone 71 Water Parameter Unit' Quality' Quality Effluent° Basin Plan Standards` Total Dissolved Solids mg/I 340-574 926 678 Ambient or 500(5) 1,000',$ Specific Conductance 4mho/cm 560-974 1640 no data -- 900(S) pH units 7.0-7.6 6.9 7.7 -- 6.5-8.5(S) Total Coliform MPN/100 ml N/A N/A no data <=2.22 5%of samples positive(P) Total Organic Carbon mg/l no data no data no data -- no standard Total Tr€halomethanes 99/l no data no data 4-6 -- 100(P) Turbidity NTU N/A N/A 4-6 -• 5(S) Calcium mg/I 33-63 172 30 -- no standard Magnesium mgA 7-20 52-72 15 -- no standard _ Potassium mg/l 1 5 13 -- no standard Sodium mall 27-180 88 140 -- no standard Chloride mg/I 26-199 94.4-229.6 110 -- 250(S) Sulfate mg/l 3-58 15 105 -- 250(S) Alkalinity as CaCO, mgA no data 255-290 264 - no standard Hardness as CaCC;}, mg/I 111 200-226 116 -- no standard Boron mg/l 0.20-0.50 0.70 0.6-0.7 -- no standard Silica mg.(i 25 24 20 - no standard Ammonia Nitrogen mg/l no data 0.57-0.69 35 -- no standard Nitrate as NO, mg/I 26 0 3 45' 45(P) Aluminum 99/1 no data no data 30 -- 1,000(P) Antimony 9g/l no data no data 0.85 -- 6(P) Arsenic 1199/1 no data no data 11 -- 50(P) Barium 9911 no data no data 50 -- 1,000(') Beryllium µg/1 no data no data 5 -- 4(P) Cadmium 99/1 no data no data 0.6 -- 5(P) Chromium 99/1 no data no data 5.3 -- 50(P) Copper 9g/I no data no data 24 -- 1,300(A) Cyanide µ9g11 no data no data <13 -- 200(P) Fluoride mg/l 0.20-0.31 0.28-0.5 0.5 -- 1.4-2.4(P) Iron 99/1 0.02 0.02 190 -- 300(S) Lead µg/1 no data no data <10 -- 15(A) Manganese 9911 0.07 2.64 30 -- 50(S) Mercury µg/l no data no data 0.1 -- 2(P) Nickel 9gll no data no data 4.5 -- 100(P) Selenium 9gA no data no data <1 -- 50(P) Silver 9g/I no data no data 1.8 -- 100($) Thallium µg/l no data no data <0.1 -_ 2(P) 243 sjUJ:1WORK1131768.RMEIR1TABLE3-1.DOC 3-6 TABLE 3.1 Comparison of Existing Fringe Basin Groundwater Quality,Projected Recycled Water Quality,and Regulatory Standards Page 2 of 2 Range of Range of Ambient Ambient Water Auality Dub" Bishop Requirements° Drinking Subbasin GW Subbasin GW Secondary Title 22/Zone 7/ Water Parameter Unit` Qualw oualjty` Effluent" Basin Plan Standards' Tritium PON no data no data Non-detect -- 20,000(P) Zinc 119/1 no data no data 27 - 5,000(S) 'Units:mg/6milligrams per liter;ggA=micrograms per liter(1 gg is equal to 1/1000 of a mg); MPN/100 ml-Most Probable Number of organisms per 100 rnillimeters;NTU=Nephelometric Turbidity Unit;µmho/cm=micromho per centimeter,CaCO,=Calcium carbonate;pCl/I=P€eocudes per liter "Numbers based on water quality samples from Wells 35/1 W 1610,25/1 W,and 2S/1 W 26002,April 1996.The numbers included were the lowest and highest value from testing at these two wells.Source:Groundwater testing results,April 1996,Luhdorff and Scalmanini `Numbers based on water quality samples from well 2S/1 W-15001.Source:Groundwater testing results,April 1996, Luhdorff and Scalmanini "Filtered recycled water quality would be similar to secondary effluent quality for all dissolved constituents.(Exceptions would include turbidity,TOC,suspended solids.)Source of secondary effluent quality data were: `Whitley,Burcheft&Associates,Average of values from October 7, 1993,January 12, 1994,and April 4, 1994. Data obtained from Separation Processes. 2Average of quarterly testing data,5 sample events,from 1995 and the first portion of 1996. 'Data obtained from DSRSD lab May 28, 1996.Singe effluent sample April 1996. `Data obtained from DSRSD lab July 11, 1995.Average of data from first six months of 1996. Single effluent sample July 1996. 'Average of monthly sample data from 1995. '1.RWOCS, June 21, 1995,Table 111-7.Water Quality Objective for the Alameda Creek'Watershed Above Niles.Ambient conditions shall be determined by Zone 7 at the time the project is proposed, with the cost borne by the project proponent. 2.Wastewater Reclamation Criteria, 1976 from Title 22,Division 4 of the California Code of Regulations. 3.Master Recycling Permit for the Livermore-Amador Basin. 'Chinking Water Standards include primary standards,noted with(P),which are also known as maximum contaminant levels and are legally enforceable;under the Safe Drinking Water Act.Lead standard shown is the federal action level,which is non- enforceable health-based guidance number.Secondary standards,noted with(S),are aesthetic standards and are not enforceable. Action Levels,noted with(A)are enforceable under the USEPA Lead and Copper Rule. Source:California Department of Health Services,Office of Drinking Water,November 1994. SOURCE:Compiled by Environmental Science Associates, 1996,from sources noted in table. 244 S�iJiW3RK11397SE.FlYVtEIR1TA6LE3 t.�flC 3-7 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND M;T;GATON Impacts to Groundwater Quality in the Fringe Basin To assess potential water quality and water level impacts associated with the project, available log data for wells in the study area were compiled,hydrogeologic cross sections of the subbasins were reviewed,and a conceptual groundwater,model of the study area was developed.Following is a brief description of the groundwater flow modeling effort; additional detail regarding the model is provided in Appendix C of this EIR. A conceptual numeric groundwater flow model of the study area subbasins was developed using the Micro-Fem code.Micro-Fem was originally developed for a regional groundwater investigation in western Holland in 1987. Micro-Fem has since been enhanced to allow for evaluation of transient;groundwater flow using a quasi-three dimensional finite element approach.The model can be used to simulate steady state or transient(time-varying) conditions,and includes a three-dimensional steady state particle tracker.The model grid is variable,allowing for accurate representation of irregular basin geometrics,and other significant hydrologic features. The model grid was developed following the outline of the subbasin as presented in California Department of Water Resources Bulletin 118-2(CDWR,1974),titled Evaluation of Groundwater Resources:Livermore and Sunol Valleys. The model grid greatly simplifies the actual system,which results in a "conceptual"model that predicts the response of the subbasin system to aquifer storage and retrieval operations at a gross,or reconnaissance, level. In the model,the subbasin aquifer is assumed to be overlain and underlain by aqutards with average hydraulic properties of the interwoven sand/silt/clay sediments. A shallow, unconfined aquifer is assumed to be present to allow for assessment of potential impacts to the shallow unsaturated zone.The transssivity of both the deep and shallow aquifers is estimated at approximately 4,500 gallons per day(gpd)/€oot.The model assumes the presence of constant head(spill)conditions along the fault barrier between the subbasins and the Main Basin;all other lateral boundaries are assumed to not have flow between them.The only groundwater recharge assumed in the model is aerially distributed rainfall; the model assumes rainfall recharge of 2.25 inches/year,which represents about 13 percent of the total average annual rainfall in the study area of about 18 inches/year. Because ASR injection/extraction well sites in the Dublin subbasin would likely require a well field rather than a single well,the model assumes eight injection wells at five different injection/extraction locations.The injection scenario represents about 2.7 mgd,with a total of about 1,500 acre feet of water placed into storage over the 6-month period.It is assumed that this same volume of water is extracted over the immediately subsequent 6-month period.An injection rate of 235 gpm/well is assumed in the model. The extraction process is not 100 percent efficient and,with each annual injection and extraction cycle,some of the filtered recycled water would remain in the groundwater.The following discussion evaluates the location and concentration of recycled water remaining in the subbasin,and the quality of the filtered recycled water in comparison to the ambient groundwater and drinking water standards.For purposes of this report, "zero" concentration of recycled water is assumed to be represented by the 2 percent concentration contour line. This assumption was made in consultations with staff of the RWQCB and DOHS. SJC/J:1WORM131768.RW1EIR1100314RE.DOC 3-3 ......... _..... __.. ......... ......... ......... .......... __... 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION Transport modeling provides an estimate of the distribution and concentration of remnant injected water left behind during ASR operations.Figure 3-2 shows the estimated extent of recycled water after 10 years of injection/extraction based on transport modeling,as well as a 2,000 foot radius for each proposed well site.The modeling results show that the 50 percent filtered recycled water concentration contour would be a small area which is well within 2,000 foot radius of each well,even after 10 years of injection/extraction. The modeling indicates that after several years of ASR well operations,the distribution of recycled water would stabilize and extend about 1,300 feet away from each well in a direction transverse to the groundwater gradient,and 1,500 feet in a downgradient direction. As indicated above,the ASR process does not result in full recovery of injected water.Given equal volumes of injection and recovery,model results indicate a recovery efficiency of about 60 to 90 percent,averaging about 80 percent.Therefore, on average, approximately 20 percent of the injected water would remain in the aquifer,but at concentrations that drop to less than 2 percent within about 1,500 feetof the well.At these concentrations,the effect on native groundwater quality appears negligible. The Dublin and Bishop subbasins have TDS levels that range from 340 to 926 mg/l,as shown in Table 3-1.Although most of the subbasins appear to have a TDS at least equal to the proposed filtered water TITS of 678 mg/l,there are a few areas in the Dublin subbasin with louver TINS than the filtered,recycled water. Because the injected water would be subsequently extracted,this difference in.TDS levels would not be expected to have a significant impact on subbasin groundwater quality.Outside of an approximately 1,500 foot radius around each well,filtered recycled water would remain in the subbasin at concentrations of 2 percent or less. Compliance with Basin Pian.The Fringe Basin is regulated by the RWQCB under the San Francisco Bay Basin Plan(Basin Plan). Under some customer service options considered by the DEI2WA Program,aquifer storage and recovery(ASR)of recycled water in the Bishop and Dublin subbasins would be required for seasonal storage and supply to the Program. Therefore,under these options,impacts related to operation of the ASR component of the Program must be assessed in relation to the RWQCB s policies for the Fringe Basin in the Basin Plan. The San Francisco Bay Basin Plan and SWRCB Resolution No. 88.63(described in Section 2.10 of this EIR)have established the following potential beneficial uses for the Fringe Basin: municipal and domestic water supply,industrial process and service water supply,and agricultural water supply.Existing active beneficial uses are primarily agricultural and landscape irrigation.There are no existing or planned municipal supply wells in the fringe subbasins due to relatively high TDS and low yield for individual wells. There are two known recorded private domestic supply wells in the Dublin and Bishop subbasins.Industrial process or supply water use is lirnited in the Cities of Dublin and San Raman;. Although the Dublin and Bishop subbasins are not widely used for potable water supply, both subbasins have beneficial uses designated,such as municipal and domestic supply,by the Basin Plan and SWRCB Resolution No. 88-63.However,Basin Plan and SWRCB policy allows the groundwater basin to be used for water reclamation purposes(because reclamation provides a beneficial effect in the conservation of a natural resource), 246 SJCIJ'WORM131768 AWWtEIR1100314FM.DCX 3-9 .f .i ..� .' C t J �R •Y'J Yom\ `� 5,.,�.�. •., 2SI1W 2GC' 1712G W, 1 \ I'd �� tt ;^� .,.r, i., \�' `�Lam.--v--y+j'�\ •. �._..i _ sE80 Ll \ �' ISVYjlt3s` i �+i.`pp/ n'+> ASIN ,11 " Dublin ; $0 W 64N SUBQASiN '--Ilk A!—3sxiE!sN4 ' \ wwrP AMADOR SUBBASlN t - �tNAL SL BkASI I l j -• l 50% Concentration of * Domestic Supply Wells 2°lo Recycled Water 011� after 10 years of injection • ASR Well Site 0 5 A Supply Wells Mile K (Other Wells 247 FIGURE 3-Z WELL LOCATIONS IN ASR ZONE OF INFLUENCE Source: ESA, 1996. 3-10 CKHILL 1311768.FiW.0€ -- ........................................ ................................................................................ _ 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND W 11GAT#CN particularly if the recycled water is withdrawn,as proposed in the Program's ASR operations.The beneficial use of domestic water supply can be protected by removing existing potable wells and prohibiting future potable wells from the ASR zone of influence. Therefore, operation of the ASR component of the DERWA Program would be consistent with Basin Pian and SWRCB policies. Impact 3.1.1—Fringe Basin Water Quality Degradation The proposed ASR component of the Program would create areas(e.g.,2,000 x 5,000 feet)of nonpotable water around the ASR wells within a groundwater basin currently designated for beneficial uses such as municipal and domestic water supply.Potential potable well development would be prevented from developing in these areas,and existing potable wells in these areas would need to be abandoned and closed. (Potentially Significant) Impacts to Groundwater Quality in Main Basin Salt management within the Main Basin,which is a major water supply source for Zone 7,is an important issue that could have impacts on facilities and/or required mitigation measures for the proposed DERWA Program.The proposed recycled water has a higher TDS compared to the existing potable water used for irrigation in the study area.Therefore, while irrigating with potable water would increase salt loads,irrigating with recycled water instead would result in an incremental increase in salt load over the amount contributed by potable water irrigation.The analysis presented in this section focuses on the incremental increase in salt load that would result from the use of recycled water instead of potable water to meet irrigation demand. Salt loadings from application of the recycled water could impact the Main Basin through shallow aquifer discharge into the streams that drain the areas of proposed recycled water irrigation,and subsequent infiltration of this higher TDS water into the Main Basin.These streams that drain from the study area include Tassajara Creek,Alamo Creek,and South San Ramon Creek and their tributaries(see Figure 34).These streams are all tributaries of Alameda Creek,which eventually drains to San Francisco Bay and is a source of recharge water for the Alameda County Water District(ACWD).Appendix D contains a technical memorandum which provides the detailed salt loading analysis described in this section. South Sart Ramon and Alamo Creeks.South San Ramon Creek,which drains the southern San Ramon and Dublin areas,discharges into the Alamo Canal,then to Arroyo de la Laguna, which then flows into Alameda Creek through Niles Canyon.Alamo Creek,which drains the area generally known as the Dougherty Valley,flows into South San Ramon Creep above the confluence of South San Ramon Creek and the Alamo Canal. The estimate of increased salt loading to South San Ramon Creek and Alamo Creek is based on the incremental mass balance salt loading caused by applying recycled water,at an average total dissolved solids(TDS)concentration of 680 mg/l,in lieu of potable water,to the proposed recycled water customers within the drainage areas of these two creeks.To arrive at this estimate,it was assumed that 80 percent of the applied water is taken up through evapotranspiration,with the remaining 20 percent of the applied water flowing into the upper groundwater aquifer.It is also assumed that all of the applied salts remain with the 20 percent of flow into the groundwater system,causing a 5 times concentrating affect on TDS through the plant root zone. Infiltrated water then blends with the ambient groundwater,resulting in a dilution of the TDS levels.The 20 percent leaching rate is 248 SJClJ:1WORKA131768.RVAEIRl100394RE.DX 3-11 1 w"} 'fir mr me f } 1 Study i •F Cos Ute CO ,a�mr em sar«s .w LEGEN SAKI RAMON VALLEY customer sarvice Option Boundary RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM 4�'\I► intsretateHighways FIGURE 3-4 Rands Railroads study Area Hydrology Streams,Rivers,and Canals a City Roundarlas 249 J 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SE MNG,IMPACTS,AND MMGATION considered conservative for the irrigation practices used in the study area,and results in higher TDS concentration estimates than will likely develop. Also,winter precipitation will leach salts through the root zone and into the groundwater. It is assumed that a 20 inch/ year average rainfall occurs over the study area,with a 75 percent infiltration into the groundwater. The South San Ramon Creek and Alamo Creek drainages are closed.systems. For the South San Ramon Creek drainage,there will be no net long-term increase in stored groundwater because it is assumed that applied irrigation will remain stable in this largely developed area(i.e.,irrigation will not increase). For the Alamo Creek drainage,there will be an increase in groundwater levels because the area is currently undeveloped in the Dougherty Valley;however,use of recycled water will not change the groundwater levels that result from development.Similarly,groundwater flow into the two creeks will not increase due to the use of recycled water. A portion of each of these drainages is presently served potable water by EBMUD,and a portion is either presently or will be served by DSRSD with a water supply similar to the existing Zone 7 supply.Following is the estimated recycled water use(under Option 1,the largest option)within each drainage by water utility service area: Drainage EBMUD DSRSD South San Ramon Creek 1,398 AF/yr 500 AF/yr Alamo Creek 725 AF/yr 1,737 AF/yr Potable water TITS levels are approximately 70 mg/I for the EBMUD supply,and 270 mg/l for the DSRSD/Zone y supply.Based on the analysis provided in Appendix D,the increased salt loading associated with application of recycled water for landscape irrigation within the South San Ramon Creek drainage is estimated at 1,158 tans/year in the EBMUD water service area,and 279 tons/year in the DSRSD/Zone 7 service area,for a total loading of 1,437 tons/year.The increased salt loading associated with application of recycled water for landscape irrigation within the Alamo Creek drainage is 600 tons/year in the EBMUD service area,967 tons/year in the DSRSD/Zone 7 service area,for a total loading of 1,567 tons/year. Once the salt enters the creek,it either percolates into the groundwater,where the creek overlies permeable sediments,or travels downstream in the creek.The Alamo Canal conveys water from South San Ramon Creek and.Alamo Creek south along 1-680 to the west of the Main Basin.The canal is underlain by impervious clay layers,effectively isolating the Main Basin from the creek.Since no percolation can occur,the salt from the South San Ramon Creek and Alamo Creek drainages continues south to Arroyo de la Laguna and on to Alameda Creek.Therefore,no salt is added to the Main Basin from the South San Ramon and Alamo Creek drainages. Tassajara Creak.Tassajara Creek drains the area generally known as the Tassajara Valley and the eastern portion of Blackhawk.Tassajara Creek flaws into Arroyo Mocho,which then flows to the Alamo Canal and into Arroyo de la Laguna.Recent,but limited,monitoring by Zone 7 indicate that a portion of Tassajara Creek,located approximately north of 1-580 and within the Camp subbasin,is a "losing"stream,with flows from the creek infiltrating into the groundwater basin at a maximum rate of approximately 1.35 cfs.In the area downstream(south)of I-580 over the Main Basin,Tassajara Creek and Arroyo Mocho are 250 SJCIJ.1WORM131768.RMEIR1100314RE.WO 3.13 3 EW80NMENTAL SMINCx,IMPACTS,AND!vt MATECN+i "gaining streams,"with flow from the groundwater aquifer discharging into the creek. According to.Zone 7 data,approximately 50 percent of the infiltration flow leaving Tassajara Creek will eventually end up in the.Main Basin,with the other 50 percent of infiltration flow returning to either Tassajara Creek or Arroyo Mocho. The estimate of increased salt loading to the Main Basin is based on the incremental salt loading caused by applying recycled water in lieu of potable water supplies to the proposed development in the Tassajara Creek drainage area.Similar to the South San Ramon and Alamo Creek analysis,it was assumed that 80 percent of the applied water is taken up through evapotranspiration,with the remaining 20 percent of the applied water into the groundwater aquifer. All of the applied salts are assumed to remain with the 20 percent of flow percolating through the root zone and into the groundwater system,resulting in a 5 times concentrating affect on TDS through the plant root zone.Again,this is a conservative assumption for the irrigation practices in the area.The Tassajara Creek drainage is a-closed system and,at ultimate conditions,it is assumed that there is no net increase in stored groundwater and a constant groundwater flow into Tassajara Creek. Similar to the South San Ramon and Alamo Creek analysis,winter precipitation will leach salts through the root zone and into the groundwater. The net estimated application of irrigation water in the Tassajara Creek drainage area associated with proposed developments in that drainage area is approximately 5,400 AFY. It is assumed that where recycled water is used,50 percent of the total irrigation demand is met by recycled water.Using the 20 percent leaching factor for flow to the groundwater system described above, and assuming the irrigation application occurs over approximately 7 months of the year,the resulting summertime flow in Tassajara Creek would be approximately 2.56 cfs.This estimated flow increase in Tassajara Creek is greater than the 2.35 cfs estimated infiltration rate from Tassajara Creek into the groundwater system north of 1-580,which suggests that Tassajara Creek will have an estimated 2.21 cfs flow immediately north of 1-580,after 1.35 cfs.has infiltrated belowground into the groundwater system.The flow in Arroyo Mocho will increase to 1.89 cfs,as half of the infiltration flow returns to the creek. The estimated net recycled water demand in this drainage is 2,705 AFY.The incremental change in salt loading from application of recycled water can be calculated based on the differential in applied salt concentration in the 2,705 AFY recycled water demand..The difference in TDS between the potable and recycled water supplies is assumed to be approximately 410 mg/1 (680 mg/I at the DSR.SD WWTP,less 270 mg/I average TDS in the Zone 7 potable water supply). The increased salt loading associated with development within the Tassajara Creek drainage and use of only potable water for landscape irrigation is estimated at 1,990 tons/year.Long-term,all of this salt would enter Tassajara Creek through the increased groundwater discharge to the creek.The estimated flow into Tassajara Creek, assuming irrigation occurs 7 months per year,is 2.56 cfs.When irrigation of common areas is converted from potable to recycled water,the increased salt load is estimated to be 1,506 tons/year. As previously stated,it is estimated that approximately 50 percent of the infiltrating creek flow and accompanying salt load will eater the Main Basin during the 7 months that landscape irrigation is occurring,this amounts to approximately 489 AFY. Therefore,the estimated increased salt loading to the Main Basin is estimated to be 2'55 SJC/J:IWORK\l317$8AMElRl100314AE.DOC 3-14 3 ENVAONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND WMAMN 274 tons/year.The remaining 1,233 tans/yearwould return to Tassajara Creek and Arroyo Macho,and would eventually.flow to Alameda Creek. Summary of Main Basin Groundwater Impacts.An increase in salt loading to the Main Basin would occur only if the Tassajara Valley and Eastern Dublin areas of the proposed DERWA Program receive recycled water.If recycled water is delivered to the entire developable portion of the Tassajara Creek drainage area,as envisioned under Option 1,then the increased salt loading to the Main Basin is estimated to be approximately 274 tuns per year. For the smallest option.,Option 4,there would be no increase in the salt load to the Main. Basin. The TICS concentration levels for flow to Alameda Creek at Niles Canyon from application of recycled water to the entire study area(under Option 1)is estimated at approximately 461 mg/l.This represents an increase of 42. g/l(or 10 percent)over current TDS levels. For Option 4,the.TDS would increase to only 438 mg/l,a rise of 18 mg/1(or.4 percent) over current TDS levels. Due to the soils present under South San Ramon Creek and Arroyo de la Laguna,no increase in salt loading will occur from application of recycled water in the South San Ramon Creek and Alamo Creek drainage areas. Impact 3.1.2—Increase in Sett Loading to Mein Basin. An incremental increase in salt loading to the Main Basin would occur from the use of recycled water for irrigation in the Tassajara Valley and Eastern Dublin areas of the Program. (Less tlhan Significant) i Impacts to Groundwater Levels The Dublin and Bishop subbasins have shallow aquifer zones that may locally be within 20 feet of ground surface in some areas.Modeling results indicate that ASR injection activities could cause localized mounding of water around the injection wells to a depth of about 5 feet or less. Shallow water levels will need to remain at some distance below ground surface to prevent damage to structural foundations.This possibility is considered remote for the DERWA Program based on the amount of predicted water level rise.In addition, Zone 7 data indicate that San Ramon Creek currently receives about 2.0 cfs of groundwater discharge from the Dublin subbasin,and 2.0 cfs from the Bishop subbasin.This amounts to a total of about 3,000 AFS'of groundwater discharge to the local stream.This discharge reflects the current shallow water table conditions.Rising shallow water levels would tend to increase this discharge,but not to a significant degree. As discussed in Appendix C,the maximum recommended water level rise in the injection zone is about 125 feet.If this value is exceeded,the mechanical integrity of the aquifer might be compromised,overlying units fractured,and overlying aquifers unintentionally recharged:with recycled water or surface discharge of water. In addition,injection:at these high pressures will require that the grout seal between the well casing and formation is adequate to prevent upward flown of water along this preferential pathway. Model results indicate maximum water level rises in the aquifer due to injection will be about 105 feet; this does not exceed the maximum recommended drawvup of 125 feet. 252 SJO/J.'\WORK\131768.RME1R1104314RE,DX 3.15 3 ENVIRONVENTAL SETTnNG,IMPACTS,AND mrr.A1ION Impact 3.1.3--Rise in Shallow Groundwater Levels. ASR operations could cause a rise in shallow groundwater levels resulting in potential adverse surface impacts,including potential damage to local structures;this impact is considered to be possible but remote.ASR could also cause a rise in deep water levels, potentially resulting in vertical leakage of water and unintended recharge of shallow aquifers.This impact is considered possible but unlikely. (Less than Significant) 3.1.3 Mitigation Mitigation 3.1.1—Fringe Basin Water Quality Degradation Existing potable wells within the zone of influence of ASR operations will be abandoned, and owners/users will be provided with a replacement potable water supply.New potable well development will be restricted from the ASR zone of influence.It is anticipated that this measure would be implemented as part of the normal jurisdiction of Zone 7 for wells affected in Alameda County,and Contra Costa County Health Department for wells affected in Contra Costa County. Mitigation 3.1.2—Increase in Salt Loading to Main Basin Although the impact is less than significant,DERWA will comply with its share of salt reduction techniques(such as,but not limited to,conjunctive use of the Main Basin or demineralized recycledwater recharge to the Main Basin),as they relate to demonstrated salt loadings to the Main Basin from DERWA activities,identified in Zone lis Salt Management Plan currently under preparation.In addition,DERWA will install a water quality monitoring station in Tassajara Creek to evaluate salt loading impacts caused by the project and the effectiveness of any required mitigation measures. Mitigation 3.1.3—Rise in Shallow Groundwater Levels All non-project wells in the area surrounding the ASR zone of influence win be properly abandoned to prevent artesian flowing conditions.Deep and shallow monitoring wells will be installed around the ASR wells to assess water level build-up in the aquifer.Aquifer testing will be conducted to assess the hydraulic properties of units overlying the injection - zones,ASR wells will be designed in accordance with results of testing.Unacceptable water level rises can also be mitigated by decreasing injection rates,increasing the number of wells at each site,and increasing well spacing. 3.1.4 Summary of lmpactsNitigation for Groundwater Table 3-2 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for groundwater.The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison.A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 253 SJC11WORO31768.RINIGIRl10014R=_.DOC 3-38 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND M111GAT10N 3.2 Surface 'Dater and Drainage 3.2,1 Existing Environmental Stetting Surface Hydrology The DFRWA study area encompasses approximately 63 square miles and is drained by five creeks and their tributaries(see Figure 3-4 in previous section).One canal also lies within the study area.These creeks and canal are Alamo Creek(including West Branch),South San Ramon Creek,Coyote Creek,Tassajara Creek,Sycamore Creek and Chabot Canal.Surface water flaw is generally from north to south,except in the area north of approximately Bollinger Canyon Road in the San Ramon Valley,which flows northward. South San Ramon,Alamo and Tassajara Creeks provide the majority of the local drainage in the study area.-South San Ramon Creek originates in Watson Canyon and includes Coyote Creek as one of its key tributaries.South San Ramon Creek is channelized in the developed part of its watershed,primarily in the San Ramon Valley within the City of San Ramon corporate limits.This creek receives stormwater runoff from the developed areas in its watershed. Sycamore Creek originates in Mt. Diablo State Park and flows south and west to join San Ramon Creek,near where the latter flows under Sycamore Valley Road.Sycamore Creek closely parallels portions of Blackhawk Road,Camino Tassajara,and Sycamore Valley Road. Alamo Creek originates north of the study area,east of Blackhawk.The creek drains the Dougherty Valley and includes West Branch as one of its key tributaries.Near I-580,the creek is joined by South San Ramon Creek and transitions into a channelized section called Alamo Canal,which continues southward past the DSRSD wastewater treatment plant. Tassajara Creek originates northeast of the study area and drains the Tassajara Valley area. The creek continues past Camp Parks and merges with Arroyo Mocho south of the study area. Chabot Canal drains a portion of the cities of Dublin and Pleasanton near I-580.This canal flows south and drains into Arroyo Mocho south of the study area. The Western Dublin area drains into two major watersheds,Palomares Creek and Dublin Creek.The majority of the Western Dublin area drains to the west in the Palomares Creek watershed,which is under the jurisdiction of Zone 2 of the Alameda Flood Control and Water Conservation District.The remaining portion drains to the east in the Dublin Creek watershed,which is under the jurisdiction of Zone 7.There is insignificant recycled water use planned in that portion of Western Dublin that drains to Dublin Creek.Dublin Creek is a part of the larger Arroyo de la Laguna watershed which drains most of the San Ramon/Livermore/Amador Valley area. (City of Dublin, 1996).Skyline Ridge divides these watersheds and is approximately the boundary of the jurisdictional limits of the flood control agencies. 255 5JC/J.\WORK1i31768.RMEIR1100314RE.DOC 3.18 3 ENYIRMKWAL S€TnNG,iMPACTS,AND MMI AMN Flood Zones The proposed Program facilities lie within several different flood zones,as defined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA).The base flood level is described by FEMA as the flood resulting from the 100-year storm..Flood depths are described in terms of elevation above the 1929 National Geodetic Vertical Datum(NGVD),which is a standard elevation reference point that corresponds roughly to mean sea level.The flood zones found within the study area that could affect project facilities are as follows(the FEMA flood zone definitions are provided in parentheses): Zone A. (Areas of the 100-year flood where base flood elevations and flood hazard factors have not been determined).The central and northern portions of Dougherty Read and Tassajara Road and parts of Camino Tassajara lie adjacent to or within Zone A.These are susceptible to flooding daring the 100-year storm..In addition,a small portion of Blackhawk Road adjacent to Sycamore Creek is also susceptible to the 100-year flood. Zone AE. (Areas inundated by 100-year floods where base flood elevations are determined). The developed portionn of the City of San Ramon along the channelized portion of South San Raman Creek lies within this zone. This area is susceptible to flooding during the 100-year flood. Zone B. (Areas between limits of the 100-year flood and the 500-year flood;or certain areas subject to 3.00-year flooding with average depths less than one foot or where the contributing drainage area is less than one mile square,or areas protected by levees from the base flood).The western portion of the study area straddling I-580 and south of I-580 fall within this flood zone. Zone K. (100-year flood areas with average flood depths of less than 1 foot or within drainage areas less than 1 square mile,and areas protected by levees from.the 100-year flood).Zone X covers the area adjacent to the 100-year flood plain of the channelized portion of South San Ramon Creek in the City of San Ramon. Surface Water Quality The surface waters in and around the study area are not used as a domestic water supply; therefore,little information is available concerning the quality of these waters. Stormwater runoff from the urbanized portions of the City of San Ramon,however,is directed to channelized portions of South San Ramon Creek. Recycled Water Quality The duality of recycled water that will be provided by the DERWA Program is discussed in the Section 3.1.1 of this EIR,Existing Environmental Setting for groundwater. Regulatory Framework Section 402 of the Clean Water Act requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)to administer the federal National Pollution Discharge Elimination System. (NPDES)permit regulations for certain discharges into navigable waters of the United States.The NPDES permit program.manages the water quality of receiving waters by controlling and reducing the pollutants entering the surface water bodies from point and nonpoint discharges.In November 1990,the USEPA promulgated regulations(40 CFR 256 5JC4'i.IWORM13176&RWiEIRi100314RE.DOC 3-18 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION Part 122) that require municipalities and urban counties with separate storm drainage facilities which serve populations over 100,000 to obtain NPDES permits. The federal regulations also gave discretionary authority to the state administrating agency(the California Regional Water Quality Control Boards)to require smaller municipalities to obtain NPDES permits. In California,the NPDES Program is administered by the California Regional Water Quality Control Boards(RWQCB).The permit area for Contra Costa County lies in the area funder the jurisdiction of both the San Francisco Bay and Central'Malley Regional Boards. Because the permit area is primarily within the San Francisco Bay Region,the San Francisco Bay RWQCB is the lead regulatory agency. In the 1991 revisions to the San Francisco Bay Basin Plan,the Board required that all municipalities,the counties,and the flood control and water conservation districts in Alameda and Contra Costa Counties cooperatively develop area-wide programs and submit coordinated Part 1 and Part 2 stormwater NPDES permit applications.-To meet this requirement,Contra Costa County,in conjunction with Contra Costa County Flood Control and Water Conservation District and the cities of Antioch, Clayton,Concord,Danville,El Cerrito,Hercules,Lafayette,Martinez,Moraga,Orinda, Pinole,Pittsburg,Pleasant Fill,Richmond,San Pablo,San Ramon,and Walnut Creek developed an agreement whereby they'would develop and support a Contra Costa Cities- County-District Storrnwater Pollution Control Program which has the objectives of • Complying with federal NPDES mandates. • Protecting and improving the water quality,ecology,wildlife habitat and recreational benefits associated with the communities'water resources. • Implementing strategies on known stormwater sources and problems in order to prioritize efforts. • Building on existing stormwater management activities and other local programs. • Developing a cost-effective program which focuses on pollution prevention or source control. The Stormwater Management Plan(SWMP)identifies sources of pollution;.outlines best management practices(BMPs)for construction sites,detecting and controlling illicit connections and discharges for commercial,industrial,and transportation areas and facilities; and discusses the plan's implementation,scheduling and funding.One key portion of the SWMP that affects the study area is the use of BMPs at,and control of discharges from,construction sites in the study area.Stormwater management from construction within the study area could be conducted under the guidance of the New Development and Construction Sites Control Program. Similarly,Alameda County,in conjunction with the Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District Zone 7,and the cities of Alameda,Albany,Berkeley,Dublin, Emeryville,Fremont,Hayward,Livermore,Newark,Oakland,Piedmont,Pleasanton, Union City and San Leandro,developed a Stormwater Management Plan for the Alameda County Urban Runoff Clean Water Program.The objectives of the plan and program are to: • Educatethe public to better understand and participate in the control of urban runoff pollution. 25 7 5JUJAWQRM13176SAMEER1100314AE.Dw 3•20 3 EN AONMENTAL SEiTM,IMPACTS,ANC M T tGA-,M • Improve activities performed by municipal government agencies and/or adapt new practices to reduce the amount of pollutants entering the municipal storm drain system. • Control stormwater pollution originating from new development and significant redevelopment. • Eliminate all unpermitted non-stormwater discharges. • Identify industrial discharges in the county and ensure that the industries are discharging only stormwater and/or permitted discharges to the municipal storm drain system. • Conduct monitoring to augment existing monitoring results on hydrologic and water quality conditions in Alameda County creeks,to identify the source of stormwater pollutants and to improve water quality. • Retrofit selected existing stormwater facilities to enhance their ability to remove contaminants from stormwater or to construct new facilities to treat stormwater. The Alameda County cooperative Stormwater Management Plan contains the same general information as that included in its Contra Costa counterpart. In addition,projects disturbing more than five acres of land during construction are required to file a notice of intent to be covered under the State NPDES General Construction Permit for discharges of stormwater associated with construction activity.In order to receive a permit for proposed construction activities,DERWA would be required:to propose measures that are consistent with the State General Construction Permit and with recommendations and policies of the San Francisco Bay RWQCB. 3.2.2 Impacts Significance Criteria Impacts to surface crater flows and quality would be considered significant if they were to decrease the capacity of local drainages,cause substantial flooding,substantially degrade surface water quality,or contaminate a public water supply. The surface water and drainage impacts that could potentially occur with implementation of the proposed Program generally fall into the following categories: • Program facilities within flood plains • Surface water qualitydegradation from Program construction • Surface water quality degradation from Program operations • Potential decreased groundwater flows to creeks Program Facilities Within Flood Plains Impact 3.2.1 Transmission and Distribution Pipeline Alignments within 100-Year Flood Plain Segments of the pipeline alignments lie within the 100-year flood plain of the West Branch, Alamo,Tassajara,and South San.Ramon Creeks.Table 3-3 summarizes the transmission pipeline alignments relative to flood plain location. Damage could occur to the pipeline resulting from erosion and movement of sail during a 100-year flood,thereby releasing 258 I' C J:\WORM131768.RWkEIR!100314RE.Dx 3-21 a) 44) $ 4 c U U U c c 4) m m L c` EE E U U U U c c ¢ d <C m m m m E o cs o m a� m c c ca ens -LL c a c v V U v U U m U `° U L7tLS 0 td to 0 m m (� (� o 0 0 o m 3 m o o 'cis 77to 'tn 'ccs 0 U � vs E E E E us ±? in E Eta ns o 0 tz tz c 0 + V m rc c is e cs c c c o 0 o in t v � xcz oz c c c > a� tti o o ' c _ c c ro Rt tm os 0 U 0 C C m 3 [11 .tet as CD co > _0 0 c� CD a m C6 co o CO a Ca ctl C 4) C7 47 B N y 0 $ � O O t9 O w -t O O 7+ CC [y C3 O to O c tOV WO` (q co N 0 COO 0 h 401 N j c 3 LL Cl) m N to 0 0 et � C6 c r L S' }� � cv 4 CLQ CV � �_ � p c c c c oCj cam° c c c c E c c c c m y- to as co tts eti ro w ctt to tes tB tc tc c in o 0 O cr cr 0 ,E o cv �, Cl! o qccs �? w =t CI c cg c c m a 4) 4) c c c c � m m 0 m U Q d5 m T T 0 0 m 0 Cq Gi 61 m m m N M CU 0 N 0 to G> 9> N m m d7 c E E m m m m m 0 m to m m m m d Q m m m m i4 d ¢ tm t� E E r 2M E4> < Q caO "iJ y�qS G C C F C tLO o + t c tmC} __ L73 C Q 0 r Q 6 E Z2 C 3 E to m � w Zco 3 _ a O mm E < 4) toMt�6 E Pt7U 'C 1] CS 0 O _ m w z b ¢ c°n a 259 3--22 3 6NVIRONWNTAI.SET M,NPACTS,AND Ml'nGA'nON recycled water into adjacent creek branches and into stormwater runoff routed to the creeks. (Less than Significant) Impact 3.2.2---pump Station P7 within 100-Year Flood Plain Preliminary siting of pump station P7 may place it within the 100-year flood plain of Alamo Creek. Damage could occur to the pump and pump building from a flood. (Less than Significant) Impact 3.2.3—Pump Station P1 and ASR Well F1 Sites within 500-Year Flood Plain Pump Station P1 and ASR well I~1 would be located within the 500-year flood plain of the Alamo Canal,and immediately adjacent to the 100-year flriod plain of the canal. Damage could occur to the pump station resulting from erosion and movement of soil or inundation during a flood. (Less than Significant) Surface Water Quality Degradation from Program Construction Impact 3.2.4—Surface Water Quality Degradation from System Construction Implementing the project will require cut and cover trenching.Where there is creek flow, damming and pumped by-passing of water during pipeline installation may be required. Construction and grading activities could temporarily cause significant increases in site erosion associated with storm runoff.Sediment-laden runoff entering nearby drainages could cause increased channel siltation and reduced flood-carrying capacity downstream. Increased erosion may degrade downstream water quality and aquatic habitat and resources and may exacerbate existing flood problems downstream.. (Potentially Significant) Impact 3.2.5—Hazardous Materials Spills during Construction Chemicals such as gasoline,diesel,fuels,lubricating oils,hydraulic oil,lubricating grease, automatic transmission fluid,paints,and solvents will be used during construction activities. An accidental spill of any of these substances could enter surface waters in the drainage systems within the study area and degrade water quality. Hazardous spills entering adjacent waterways and groundwater may lead to degradation of downstream aquatic habitat and other beneficial uses. (Potentially Significant) Surface Water Quality Degradation from Program Operations Impact 3.2.6--Surface Water Quality Degradation from Pipeline Leaks and Failure The pipeline alignment crosses several creeks,most of which are designated as significant water resources in the joint Contra Costa Cities-County-District Stormwater NPDPS permit. There is a slight possibility that pipeline leaks could occur at these crossing locations, thereby releasing recycled water into the surface water bodies.Because of the high quality of recycled water,recycled water leaks into surface water bodies would not be detrimental to the existing surface water quality of adjacent streams.However,recycled water may contain sufficient nutrients to promote algae growth;therefore,excessive leakage to surface water bodies will be avoided. In addition to nutrients, there are other constituents of concern relative to recycled water. These constituents include trace organics and pathogens.Two pathogens of concern are 260 8JC1::1WORft1#3#768.t�WiEIRt1{�314�E.~xac 3-23 3 ENVIRONMENTAL serve,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION Cryptosporidium and Giardia. Primary and secondary wastewater treatment processes remove at least 90 percent or.more of the pathogenic organisms in wastewater,and tertiary treatment(which includes filtration and disinfection)removes nearly all of the remaining pathogens(Dames&Moore, 1996).This level of constituent removal in the recycled water process,which will be monitored on a regular basis as part of the DERWA Program., coupledwiththe low probability of a pipeline rupture,reduces the level of concern of this potential impact. (Less than Significant) Impact 3.2.7- 4ncr+eased MIS in Study Area Creeks Additional TDS in recycled water,that may percolate through the root zone after irrigation, may result in a higher salt concentration in groundwater.This higher TDS groundwater may eventually enter into creeks flowing to Alameda Creek,and could result in increased salt levels in the Main Basin and the Niles Cane area of Alameda Creek,which Alameda County Water District(ACWD)uses as a potable water supply. The approach for estimating the increased TDS levels in creeks is based on summing the total annual salt load from potable and recycled water irrigation,and dividing by the sum of existing stream flow plus the incremental increase due to irrigation of future development areas.impacts associated with DERWA operations are based on comparing the baseline condition of irrigating buildout development using potable water against the buildout condition using potable and recycled water for irrigation. Appendix D contains a technical memorandum which provides the basis for the salt impact analysis described in this section. Sununer creek flows within the study area consist primarily of irrigation seepage into the creeks,because recycled water irrigation will be fairly constant,even through dry years,the TDS levels in the local creeks may not vary significantly from year to year.The salt loadings and TDS increases for the DERWA customer service options are summarized in Table 3-4 for the local drainages(South San Ramon Creek,Alamo Creek,and Tassajara Creek). Options 5A and 5B are not included in this analysis.Option 5A is essentially the same as Option 4(it would provide 80 AFY less demand than Option 4),and Caption 5B will result in impacts that are between Options 2 and 3. For the Main Basin,used by Zane 7 as a potable water source,salt loadings would only be due to rechargeof water from Tassajara Creek.As indicated in Table 3-4,these loadings would amount to 274 tons/year(in dry,average,or wet years)for the largest DERWA option,and range down to zero for the smallest option. Zone 7 has indicated that this incremental salt load increase is not significant,compared to the current 3,500 tons/year of salt loading into the Main Basin. 261 SJCIJ.\WORKt 131768.RW1EIM100314RE.DOC 3-24 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETnNG,IMPACTS,AND WMATION TABLE 3-4 Summary of Salt Loading lm acts to Study Area Creeks Customer Service Option and Current TDS Projected TDS at Projected TOS at Differential at buildout from Creek buildout w/potable buildout w/potable potable-only to potable and H2O for irrigation and recycled H.O recycled H2O for irrigation for irrigation mg/I mg/I mg/I mg/1 %increase O t ion 1 South San Raman Creek 500 500 551 51 10% Alamo Creek 500 487 653 165 34°/b Tassajara Creek: 500 627 779 1.52 24% O South San Ramon Creek 500 500 551 51 10% Alamo Creek 500 487 653 165 34% Tassajara Greek 500 627 727 101 16% O ion 3 South San Ramon Creek 500 500 551 51 1001% Alamo Creek 500 487 586 98 20% Tassajara Creek 500 627 714 87 14% Oplion 4 South San Raman Creek 500 500 551 51 10% Alamo Creek 500 487 586 98 20% Tassajara Creek 500 627 627 0 0% Source. Montgomery Watson,1996. For Alameda Creek and the Niles Cane area,which eventually receives irrigation water that seeps into the local.creeks,TDS levels.may vary from dry to average to wet years. The analysis for Alameda Creek,therefore,includes both a dry year and an average year component.Generally,during dry years,inadequate rainfall may reduce the,amount of salt leached through the root zone and into the groundwater table.This may tend to reduce the salt load from the local creeks and.,therefore,would amount to a slight reduction in TDS in Alameda Creek.The first substantial rainfall of the rainy season would leach the built-up salts into the creeks which drain to Alameda Creek,where high flows may dilute the water and keep TDS increases to a minimum..The salt loading impacts to Alameda Creek for the four DERWA options are summarized in Table 3-5 for average and dry year conditions. The incremental salt load increases summarized in Tables 3-4 and 3-5 are based on the salt load calculations presented in Section 3.1.2 of this ETR(Groundwater Impacts).The existing salt loads are based on an existing average TDS level of 500 mg/1 for drainages in the study area.The average year TDS level for Alameda Creek at Niles Canyon is 454 mg/I and the dry year TDS,taken as the 1989-90 water year for the purposes of this analysis,is 443 mg/l. These values are based on data provided by ACWD. 262 SJCtJ.tWORMIS1768.RMEIR1100314RE.D4c 3-25 3 EWfR0NMe4TA1.SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MIMA`,M TABLE 3-5 Summary of Salt Loading Impacts to Alameda Creek Average and Dry Year Rainfall Conditions Customer Current TDS In Projected TDS at Projected TDS at differential at buildout from potable- Service Alameda Creek buildout buildout only to potable and;recycled H2O for Option w/potable H2O wlpotable and irrigation for Irrigation recycled H2O for irrigation mgA mgtl mgli mg/l %Increase Avg.Yr. Dry Yr. Avg.Yr. Dry Yr. Avg.Yr. Dry Yr. Avg.Yr. ',Dry Yr. Avg.Yr. Dry Yr. Option 1 454 44.3 514 592 556 691 42 99 8.1% 16.7% Option 2 464 44.3. 514 592 551 681 37 89 7.3% 15.3% Option 3 454 443 514 592 545 666 31 74 6.1% 12.5% Option 4 454 443 614 592 638 648 24 56 4.70 9.6% Source: Montgomery Watson, 1996. Impacts to ACWD's groundwater recharge operations(west of the Niles Canyon area)have also been analyzed,by determining the salt loading that occurs with the Alameda Creek flow that is diverted to recharge.The salt loading analysis considers monthly variations in TDS and flow.The diversion flows and Alameda Creek flows are based on data provided by ACWD.The increased salt load and TDS levels are determined in the same manner as for Alameda Creek described previously,and are presented in Table 3-6 for average and dry year conditions.The recharge flaws from Alameda Creek occur year round,with a larger percentage of flow diverted to recharge when potential TDS impacts from DERWA operations would be lower.The result,as indicated in Table 3-6,is that TDS impacts on ACWD recharge operations would be lower-than the average TDS impacts to Alameda Creek.Maximum TDS conditions occur in June,during average rainfall years,with TDS levels increasing up to 27 percent from baseline conditions. For dry year rainfall,the maximum TDS conditions occur in November,with up to an 8 percent increase in TDS concentrations. It should be noted that ACWD utilizes three separate sources for its potable water: groundwater,Hetch Hetchy water,and South Bay Aqueduct water.On average, approximately 32 percent of the total ACWD supply is groundwater. Chloride and nitrate data provided by ACWD from Alameda Creek have been compared against the estimated recycled water concentrations produced at the DSRSD WWTP. Chlorides are on average approximately 25 percent higher in DSRSD wastewater effluent than found in Alameda Creek;whereas nitrates are approximately one half the levels found in Alameda Creek.The increased chloride concentration is a conservative estimate and does not account for biological and chemical processes that occur from the point of application to the plaint of measurement in Alameda Creek.Considering the conservative nature of the estimate,the higher chloride levels will not significantly impact Alameda Creek or water taken therefrom for potable use. 263 SJC/J:\WORM131768,RMEIMI00314SE.000 3-26 C7 ►. � r- cq Cs � ct5 T T d Im ut 0 CM w ami rte. ui tt > 0 ul 0CDca sp M C co ti tuts r 0 LO Q toG N o ° h° ++ dt t?} C C6 h rwa � cav m mo i � CC +u 9- E 0 0 a a a a y 4) C Q3 QS � co cts . .. tt} ifi! s33 stt,} kt1 fJ YO d � C�'3 CSs O CC O c6 ca `" L23 w E O $? C pd O d C t'ZS CSC$ �1 T CV m ItCL uj a O O C3 q O M E O O U m E 264 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SEI MING,IMPACTS,AND A+MOAMN Compliance with Basin Plan.The RWQCB Basin Plan contains TDS and chloride surface water quality objectives for the Alameda Creek watershed.above Niles Canyon(RWQCB, 1995).These objectives were developed in 1982,when the LAV WMA export project had only recently become operational,and were set primarily to prevent degradation by wastewater discharge during dry weather periods.The surface water quality objectives are shown below. TDS: 250 mg/l(90 day arithmetic mean) 360 mg/1(90-day-90th percentile) 500 mg/l (daily maximum) Chlorides: 60 mg/1(90 day arithmetic mean) 100 mg/1(90 day-90th percentile) 250 mg/l(daily maximum) The current weighted average TDS for Alameda Creek at Niles Canyon is 454 ung/l during average years and 443 mg/l during dry years,both of which exceed.the Basin Plan objective. The DERWA Program would gradually add an incremental increase in TDS over time,which would contribute to this exceedance. Summary of`fDS Impacts to Creeks.The DERWA Program may result in increased TDS levels in the main surface drainages draining from the study area.These potential increased TDS levels may result from the concentrated salts that pass through the root zone,enter the groundwater table,and seep into the creeks.These TDS increases would not be substantial enough to affect aquatic life using the creeks. In terms of the potable water supply managed by ACWD,however,the increased TDS may affect potable water quality.The non-paint source of higher TDS groundwater may eventually enter into creeks flowing to Alameda Creek,and may result in increased salt levels in the Niles Cone area of Alameda Creep,which is a drinking water source.TDS is a secondary water quality standard,based primarily on taste;increases in this constituent may affect the taste of potable water but would not pose a public health threat. (Potentially Significant) Impact 3.2.8 Impact to Drinking Water from Use of Recycled Water for Irrigation Cather constituents may be present in the recycled water that are of concern to drinking water supplies.Although not all of the constituents of concern to drinking water supplies have been analyzed at this time,the analyses completed indicate that only one constituent in the DERWA recycled water,beryllium,would exceed the drinking water standard(see Table 3-1).Due to the dilution of ACWD groundwater and ether mechanical and chemical processes that occur as the water passes through the soil,the beryllium levels in recycled water would be reduced to non- significant levels before reaching any potable water supply. As discussed in Impact 3.2.6,constituents of concern include trace organics and pathogens, including Cryptosporidium and Giardia.Generally,trace organics will adsorb to the soil particles as the recycled water passes through the plant root zone and the groundwater table.Both of these pathogens are effectively removed through the recycled water treatment process to levels that are less than existing detection limits.Additionally,pathogens such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia will be filtered out of the recycled water flow as it passes through the soil structure, prior to entering creeks.Further adsorption,absorption,and/or filtration will also occur during the recharge of water in the Niles Cane area.The net result is to effectively remove all trace organics and pathogens of concern prior to the water entering the groundwater system near the Niles Cone.(Less than Significant) 265 SJC/JAWORM131768.RW1E1R1100314RE.Dx 3-26 3 EN',�RCNMEWk,SMNG,IWACTS,AND MIMAMN Impact 3.2.9 Decreased Groundwater Flow to Study Area Creeks As described in Section 2.5.2 of this EIR,there exists the potential to use groundwater from the Dublin and Bishop subbasins to mare up for recycled wastewater supply shortfalls during the high demand summer irrigation season.The use of groundwater sources for the DER.WA Program are considered seasonal sources because use of groundwater could have impacts on surface creeks in the San Ramon Valley.In the San Ramon Valley,groundwater flows underground and discharges to surface creeks.In the summer,this groundwater flow may be one of sources of water to surface drainages.'Therefore,withdrawal of groundwater as a seasonal supply,particularly during the summer months when it has historically provided creek flow,could decrease subsurface flows to creeks.This decrease could affect the flow regime which could,in turn,affect biological habitats in or adjacent to a creek.However,it is not known yet if seasonal groundwater pumping will be a part of the Program.,or how much groundwater would be pumped.Therefore,it is not possible to quantify the impact at this time, or to develop detailed mitigation measures.(Potentially Significant) 3.2.3 Mitigation The following mitigation measures will be incorporated into the project to reduce surface water and drainage impacts to a less than significant level. Mitigation 3.2.1 Transmission and Distribution Pipeline Alignments within 100-Year Flood Plain For those portions of the pipeline alignment lying within the 1010-year flood plain,the recycled water pipeline will be designed to withstand a 1007-year flood.Where warranted,additional protection or support will be provided to further reduce the likelihood of pipeline breaks, should the soil and fill base below the pipeline be washed away during the 100-year flood. Mitigation 3.2.2--Pump Station P7 Site within 100-Year Flood Plain Pump Station P7 will be relocated out of the flood plain or constructed at an elevation that will protect the structure and pump from flood damage. Mitigation 3.2,3---Pump Station P1 and ASR Well F1 Sites within 5130-year Flood Plein Pump Station PI and ASR well F1 will be designed to withstand a 500-year flood.The groundwater well would be constructed to withstand or accommodate flooding,and would not likely experience severe damage from a flood..Temporary interruption of well function in the event of a flood would not jeopardize the overall ASR function,since treated water could be diverted to other well sites or halted,if necessary. Mitigation 3.2.4--Surface Water Quality Degradation from System Construction Pursuant to RWQCB permit requirements,a Storwater Pollution Prevention Plan(SWPPP) will be developed for the Program.Preparation of this plan would be the responsibility of whichever agency or district is responsible for constructing a particular facility,and implementation of the plan would be the responsibility of the contractor hired to perform the work. The plan would include a description of all construction and post-construction practices that would be employed to control pollutants in stormwater discharges.All Program facilities would include properly designed storm:drainage systems to accommodate storm runoff generated by impervious surfaces. 26-101 SJUVAI10RK1131788.£3WlElf I00314RE.DX 3 g 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION Mitigation 3.2.5—Hazardous Materials Spills during Construction Handling and storage of fuels and other flammable materials is governed by the California Occupational Safety and Health Administration(CAL/OSHA)standards for fire protection and prevention.These measures include appropriate storage of flammable liquids and prohibition of open flames within 50 feet of flammable storage areas. Construction documents will include a Substance Control Program for construction activities to reduce potentially significant impacts on water quality caused by a chemical spill.This program will require safe collection and disposal of hazardous substances generated during construction activities,and will include an Emergency.Response Program to ensure quick and safe cleanup of accidental spills. Mitigation 3.2.6—Surface Water Quality Degradation from pipeline Leaks and Failure No mitigation is required,as the impacts resulting from small pipeline leaks are not considered significant.As�with a potable water system,large leaks would manifest impacts visible to the naked eye(i.e.water bubbling up from pavement).These leaks would be reported and repaired as soon as possible.Long-term impacts to surface waters are not expected to be significant due to the high quality of the recycled water. Mitigation 3.2.7--Increased TCS in Study Area Creeks DERWA will mitigate for any significant impacts of increased TDS in creeks that may affect the potable water supplies of ACWD,as the impacts may relate to demonstrated salt loadings from DERWA activities in the watershed.Mitigation measures may be developed in a surface water salt management plan for the Alameda Creek watershed that will be developed through consultation and coordination of involved agencies.In addition,DERWA will install water quality monitoring stations in South San Ramon Creek,Alamo Creek,and Tassajara Creek to evaluate salt loading impacts caused by the project and the effectiveness of any required mitigation. Mitigation 3.2.8 Impact to Drinking Water from Use of Recycled Water for Irrigation Although the impact is less than significant,the recycled water provided to the DERWA Program will be regularly monitored to ensure that constituents of concern are kept at less than drinking water standards. Mitigation 3.2.9--Decreased Groundwater Flow to Study Area Creeks If seasonal groundwater pumping is selected as a part of the Program,project-specific environmental review will be performed to determine specific impacts and appropriate mitigation measures. 3.2.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Surface Water and Drainage Table 3-7 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for surface water.The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison.A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 267 SJCfJAWORK1131768A MSMI00314RE.DOC 3.30 m N N Fd: F oa a y y1}J ryry'' N o Y ✓� y, bt yysy Y . br) �'� G cu Ki y pa Q o .• p b4 pa C o L>+ W ` � 'acts '? � �✓ OBJ G 4} 0 C�2 � ."1 bt��+ dF tO ps �j b0 Sd v t3 . 0 t4 m r g . m ats � �, U �.P '� •o c tis '� � � .•�.� t'' 'm U � '� `� �� ,��' $i °' � ��� �i � ni y bD cis ... � � m •d w .� .-"' ,� w � ;r1, .w. � *' -� � m � a� bD 0a- O W ° v m f os b!)' 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P. 3 M RCN(MENTAL SEMNG,WACTS,AND M MAr1M 3.3 Salinity, Soils, and Vegetation This section addresses the potential for impacts to sails and vegetation at customer water use sites that may occur from the use of recycled water for landscape irrigation.Recycled water is typically higher in salinity than potable water.The potential for impacts to soils as a result of construction activities is addressed in Section 3.4,Geology and Seismicity. The potential for impacts to human health as a result of ongoing irrigation practices is addressed in Section 3.10,Human Health and Safety. 3.3.1 Existing'Environmental Suing The most recent U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service(SCS) soil surveys for Contra Costa County and Alameda County were completed in 1972 and 1966, respectively..general characteristics of soil within the San Ramon Valley area were obtained from these surveys...Since the time of these surveys,extensive urban development of the area has occurred.At many potential recycled water reuse sites,the importation of fill material and/or the movement and redistribution of soil during development has resulted in surface soils and soil profiles that are no longer representative of those logged in the SCS surveys.These newer soils are referred to as"made soils." "Made soils"may be entirely different from the topsoil native to the site;therefore, information from soil surveys can only be used as a guide in characterizing existing soils. At the time that customer sites are signed up to receive recycled water,additional field investigations will be conducted to determine the nature of site-specific soils and appropriate agricultural and irrigation management practices.It is likely that the topsail imported for landscaped areas is of similar or better quality,i.e.,the soil has similar or improved permeability and organic content.Soil sampling and analysis can aid in determining appropriate soil amendments,fertilizers,and other mitigations to reduce any impacts caused by using recycled water for irrigation. Surface Infiltration and Soil Permeability Surface infiltration and soil permeability rates are important characteristics for designing; water irrigation systems.The infiltration rate is the rate at which water will penetrate the soil surface.Permeability is the movement of water downward through the soil profile. Both infiltration and permeability are expressed in inches/hour. For this EIR,the hydrologic soil group classification is used to characterize the soils of the study area for use of DSRSD WWTP-produced recycled water for irrigation.Use limitations and management guidelines for use of recycled water for irrigation based on soil characteristics found in the study area are presented in Table 3-8. Within the study area,SCS has mapped different soil hydrologic groups,as illustrated in Figure 3-5.High infiltration rate soils(Groups A and B) are not found in the study area. Only Group C and D soils are found.Group C and D soils are described as: • Group C--Smits having slow infiltration rates when thoroughly wetted and consisting chiefly of soils with a layer that impedes downward movement of watery soils have moderately fine to fine texture. 270 sJCIJ.-\ tORK\1s17ss. iR\too31aRE.Dac 3-31 S j t Y.Y j re . Y _ A a o Td S c S! �t } l � S Q t� $jC1QNOCY SAM RAMON 'ALLEY LEG RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM Typo C KY&OW&I5aut; FIGURE 3-5 -Npa 0141*,Olowv Sane interstate fthwaye Hydrologic Solis Map ./^V..�'" iltie}or Reeds &.d'� r+�r'' fta}}raede 7 2 Streams,Rivers,.and Canals 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION 3.3,2 Impacts Significance Criteria The use of irrigation water containing significant levels of dissolved salts would have an impact on the sails and on some of the plants growing in the soils. These impacts can result from the total amount of salts in the water(salinity)or from certain individual salts in the water. The individual ions of principal concern are sodium,chloride,boron,and, to some extent,bicarbonate. There are no established numerical standards for determining whether the salinity in recycled water would cause significant environmental impacts as a result of using the water for landscape irrigation. The deleterious effects of using irrigation water with high salinity concentrations are usually seen through substantially diminished plant growth and possibly plant mortality. These effects are typically mitigated through water management programs and the replacement of less salt- tolerant species with more-salt tolerant species,such that the visual appearance-of the landscape is not substantially altered. This periodic replacement of less salt-tolerant vegetation to more salt- tolerant species is typically not considered in itself to be a significant impact,as long as the salt- tolerant species remain healthy and are anaesthetically pleasing component of the landscape. Because there are no formally established,quantitative standards available,the following qualitative standards are used by DERWA to assess whether impacts regarding soils,salinity,and vegetation would be considered significant. • Salinity-Higher salinity water would increase the salinity of the soil. Because the various plants in a landscape exhibit different degrees of sensitivity/tolerance to salinity,a specific quantitative level of salinity in the soil or the water cannot be described as significant. In typical programs where recycled water is used for landscape irrigation,if a certain plant shows damage or distress from the resulting level of salinity,that plant can be replaced by a similar plant that is tolerant to that level of salinity. Levels of soil salinity greater than about 4 millimhos/centimeter (mmhos/cm)should be avoided if passible. This soil salinity levet would be comparable to an irrigation water salinity level of about 2.5 to 3.0 mmhos/cm. • Sodium-High sodium in irrigation water can have two types of impacts. First,if the sodium adsorption ratio(SAR,a ratio measure of the relationship between sodium,calcium,and magnesium)of the water is high, it can cause the soil particles to disperse, which will slow the infiltration of the water into the soil. Special management practices may be necessary if the SAR of the water is greater than about 7 to S units.High sodium levels can also result in direct damage(e.g.,wilting or discolored leaves) to highly sensitive ornamental landscape plants.A sodium level in the water greater than about 250 mg/7 could cause damage to sensitive plants, requiring them to be replaced with more tolerant plants. • Chloride-High chloride levels in irrigation water can cause leaf damage to some sensitive landscape plants.A chloride level in the water greater than about 250 mg/7 could cause damage to sensitive plants,requiring them to be replaced with more tolerant plants. • .Baron-High levels of boron in irrigation water, levels greater than about 2.2 mg/l,can cause leaf damage to some sensitive landscape plants, requiring them to be replaced with more tolerant species. X13 SJC/J.kWORK1131788AMEiR\100314RE.DOC 3.34 3 EWRONMENTAI.SEMNG,IMPACTS,AND MITiCAMON * Bicarbonate-Levels of bicarbonate in irrigation water can leave unsightly deposits on Ieaves. This can occur with concentrations above about 150 mg/l. This effect is not usually a serious problem,and can be minimized with irrigation management practices. Table 3-9,provided for illustrative purposes only,compares the water quality characteristics of the recycled water to be produced by the DSRSD wastewater treatment plant, generally accepted irrigation water quality guidelines,and water quality characteristics of recycled water produced by four cities in the United States that operate urban reuse programs.All.four programs are successfully using recycled water for landscape irrigation of golf coarses,parks,school grounds,and other open spaces. Recycled water contains plant nutrients,especially nitrogen,commonly found in chemical fertilizers that are applied to landscaped areas to enhance vegetative growth.These nutrients are not typically found in potable water or other sources of nonpotable irrigation water. By using recycled water for landscape irrigation,therefore,the quantities of such chemical fertilizers needed to maintain desirable vegetative growth world be reduced. Actual changes to chemical fertilizer application at a given recycled water use site would be determined as part of the water management program for that site based on site-specific soil conditions and the vegetation present. When used for landscape irrigation,recycled water can potentially produce adverse affects to the soils present and/or the vegetation grown at a given use site. Although of concern with recycled water use in general,several constituents in the DSRSD recycled water are not found at high enough concentrations to result in significant impacts.These constituents are discussed below in terms of their potential effects on soils and vegetation. The principal recycled water constituents to consider for impacts to soils are total salinity and sodium.The potential impacts of total salinity on soils is addressed later in this section under Impact 3.3.1.The total concentration:of sodium found in DSRSD's recycled water is not high enough to cause significant impacts,as described below.Because of their very low concentrations,the constituents other than total salinity and sodium as shown in Table 3-9, including the trace metals,would have no short-term or long-term impacts on the soils. 2 d 4 SJC/J.,1WORK1131768.RW\EIRl104314RE.DOC 3-3' 3 SWRONM84TAL SSFTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION TABLE 3.9 Recycled Water{duality Comparisons (m_a4,except as noted`) Parameter DSRSD* Irrigation Tucson St. Santa Rosa Santa GufdefinW Petersburg Barbara Electrical 1.0 0.07-2.0 0.8 0.8 to 1.4 0.78 1.7 Conductivity(EC), mmholcm TDS 678 up to-- 1,500 503 611-1,0106 -450 1,370 Calcium 30 --b 52 60-72 -- 124 Magnesium is -- 7 12-23 10 39 Sodium 140 -- 98 104-187 89 228 Chloride 110 up to--300 81 167-367 120 331 Bicarbonate 264 up to--300 251 -- .. -- Boron 0.6-0.7 up to--1.0 0.3 0.2-0.4 0.66 0.5 Ammonia Nitrogen 35 -- 17 1.5-9.5 0.4 -- Nitrate as NO, 3 -- 5 1.6-2.8 17 7 Potassium 13 .- ._ ._ .. Copper 0.024 0.2 0.04 0.004-0.011 0.014 -- Lead 0.002 5.0 0.05 0.010-0.060 0.002 -- Mercury 0.0001 -- 0.001 -- 0.001 -- Nickel 0.0045 0.2 -- 0.010-0.030 0.004 -- a.Source:Table 3-1 in this EIR. b.Based on guidelines in FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 29 rev 1,Water quality for Agriculture, 1989,and University of California Cooperative Extension Leaflet 2995,WATER QUALITY Its Effects on Ornamental Plants, 1985. c.Data not readily available nor applicable. The effect of high amounts of sodium on soils is that the sodium disperses the soil particles which,in tarn,lowers the rate at which water can infiltrate into the soil. Because of the lower infiltration rate,excess surface water runoff from irrigation water is measured by the sodium absorption ratio(SAR),which represents the amount of sodium in relation to the amount of calcium-plus-magnesium in the water.The potential for sodium-related impacts is also affected by the sahnity of the irrigation water,the higher the salinity,the higher the SAR can be without adverse effect on the soil.Irrigation water salinity is commonly measured in terms of the water's electrical conductivity(EC),which is expressed in millimhos per centimeter(mn-thoslcm).With the indicated EC of 1..0 mmholcm and a SAR. value sof 4.7,there should be little or no impact on the sails by the recycled water from the DSRSD plant. 2 d SJCIJ:IWORM131768.RMIR1100314RE,DX 3-36 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND M3T!(.,AMN The principal recycled water constituents to consider for impacts to vegetation are salinity (as measured by electrical conductivity),chloride,sodium,boron,and bicarbonate. The potential impacts of salinity,chloride,and sodium on vegetation are addressed later in this section under Impact 3.3.2.The total concentrations of boron and bicarbonate found in DSRSD's recycled water are not high enough to cause significant impacts,as described below.The remaining constituents found in the recycled water are typically not harmful to vegetation at the indicated concentrations in Table 3-9. Boron is an essential element for plant growth and is required in relatively small amounts; however,if present in amounts appreciably greater than needed,it can become toxic.As an example,if 0.2 mg/i boron in water is essential for a plant,2 mg/l may be toxic.The boron concentration in the DSRSD recycled water is approximately 0.7 mg/l and is considered moderately low.No significant effect on turf grasses or landscape plantings is expected. The principal effect of high bicarbonate is deposition on leaves under evaporative conditions,which may cause burning on sensitive landscape species.The bicarbonate concentrations in the DSRSD recycled water should not have an effect on turf grasses or landscape plantings. If damage were to occur to the more sensitive plantings,it could be corrected by irrigating at night when lower evaporation occurs. Impact 3.3.1-4mpacts of Recycled Water on Soils The salts applied with the irrigation water can accumulate in the soil if they are not adequately leached below the root zone.This can occur with any irrigation water,but can occur sooner with water containing higher total salts. (Less than Significant) To avoid excessive salt accumulation,more irrigation water than actually needed by the vegetation for evapotranspiration may be applied. However,if rainfall is adequate, infiltration of precipitation can leach salts from the root zone. This added amount,or leaching fraction,will leach the salts through the soils before they accumulate.A leaching fraction of approximately 20 percent can typically ensure adequate leaching.This level of leaching fraction can be.maintained without excessive surface runoff.Average wintertime rainfall would also satisfy leaching requirements. Impact 3,3.2—impacts of Recycled Water on Vegetation With long-term use,the salinity of the irrigation water can affect the soil salinity and possibly affect plant growth.Application of recycled water can also affect the physical appearance of landscape species. Plants exhibit varying degrees of tolerance to increased salinity in the root zone.The principal plants grown on the landscaped sites are turf grasses,ornamental trees,shrubs, and ground covers.Because of the wide variety of plant species present,it is not practical to predict the response of all those species to the recycled water produced by DSRSD treatment plant.Therefore,the fallowing discussions of the potential for impacts from total salinity,chloride,and sodium are based primarily on information pertinent to general landscape plantings. The average salinity of the DSRSD recycled water,measured by EC,is approximately 1.0 mmhos/cm. Although this level of salinity is at the mid-range compared to other recycled water projects in California,it is high enough to potentially cause adverse impacts to some vegetation.With water of this quality,minimal reduction in top growth may occur 276 SJCtJ:\WORM131768.RW\EIR\100314RE.DOC 3-37 ............................... ........................................................ .................................................................................... 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGAW N on a few very sensitive landscape species.However,this is not necessarily undesirable because it has been observed by researchers that as much as a 50 percent reduction in top growth does not impair the appearance of most ornamentals.Unlike cusp plants, maintenance and appearance,not maximum production or growth,are usually the intended goal in landscape plantings. The tolerance of turf grasses to irrigation water salinity is normally quite good.Certain grasses,such as alta fescue,perennial ryegrass,seaside bentgrass,Zoysia,St.Augustine, and the Bermuda grasses are tolerant to even higher levels of salinity. A high content of chloride and sodium in irrigation water can have a tonic effect on some sensitive plants.An excess amount of these materials taken up by the roots or,in some cases,by the leaves,can cause a decrease in growth or an undesirable appearance from leaf damage..Only a certain few woody ornamentals on the landscape sites might be affected by the toxicity of higher concentrations of these materials.Turf gasses should not exhibit adverse effects from the concentrations in DSRSD-produced recycled coater.The average chloride concentration in DSRSD recycled water is about 110 mg/l,and the sodium content is represented by the SAR value of 4.7. Based on the available data,only very sensitive landscape species are likely to be affected. (Less than Significant). 3.3.3 Mitigation The fallowing mitigation measures will be included in the project to reduce salinity,soils, and vegetation impacts to a less than significant level. !Mitigation 3.3.1—impacts of Recycled Water on Soils Recycled water users will apply recycled water in quantities sufficient(when combined with average precipitation.)to leach accumulated:salts through the root zone,will monitor the affects of the recycled water on landscape vegetation over time,and will implement additional mitigation as necessary. For salinity control in the plant root zone,it is necessary to ensure that an adequate level of leaching of accumulated salts be maintained.This can be accomplished during normal irrigation by regularly applying about 15 to 20 percent more water than the evapotranspiration requirement of the turf.Extended steady rainfall periods will contribute to the required drainage of accumulated salts in the root zone. During non-wet years, two or three extra heavy applications during the year would accomplish the required drainage. Also,in addition to good subsurface drainage,adequate surface drainage across the irrigated areas would minimize ponding and,therefore, the accumulation of salts in small areas. Mitigation 3.3.2--4mpacts of Recycled Water on Vegetation The use of appropriate management practices will serve to mitigate impacts associated with the salinity of the DSRSD recycled water on vegetation. Implementation of best irrigation water management practices (BMPs) should incorporate the following activities: • All recycled water use site managers would be properly trained in the use of recycled water for landscape irrigation,and would be provided information regarding recycled water as necessary to facilitate proper use of the water. SJC/J.tWORK1139768.RMEIR IOOS148E.00C 3--38 t� 2f ( 3 EwIRONMENrALsEmw.,3MPACTs,AND mmGAnoN • A BMP publication for customer use will be prepared and distributed by DSRSD and EBMUD. • Managers at recycled water use sites would apply appropriate quantities of irrigation water to ensure adequate leaching of accumulated salts out of the root zone when precipitation is below average,and should maintain adequate surface drainage at the site without allowing excess quantities of recycled water to drain offsite. • Groundskeepers at recycled water use sites would monitor the health and appearance of vegetation being irrigated with recycled water to identify any adverse effects,including a substantial reduction in growth or plant mortality. • As necessary and depending on the exact cause of the adverse effects(e.g.,poor drainage,poor soil structure or chemistry),additional mitigation measures would be implemented,including,for example,one or more of the following= Irrigate affected areas during nighttime hours Add soil amendments to the soil or the recycled water Replace salt-intolerant plants with more salt-tolerant species Most of the recycled water use sites would be irrigated at night because of the high daytime public use of the sites. As noted above,the replacement of less salt-tolerant plants with more salt-tolerant species has been shown to be an acceptable mitigation measure and is a common practice in recycled water irrigation programs. Where soils and/or irrigation water have exceptionally high sodium levels,it may be beneficial to add soil amendments such as calcium,which would help prevent the breakdown in sail structure and consequent reduction of permeability.Gypsum(calcium sulfate)can be added to the soil,or calcium can be added directly to the irrigation water.If sufficient calcium is available in the soil,acid or acid-forming additions(dilute sulfuric acid, iron sulfate,aluminum sulfate,or sulfur)can be added to the irrigation water.The use of such soil amendments would not result in the potential for impacts to the environment or to public health and safety. 3.3.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Salinity, Soils, and Vegetation Table 3-10 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for salinity,soils,and vegetation. The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison.A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 278 SJC/ AWORK11317&8AME4R1100314RE.DOC 3-39 . _. CQ c � O a Ow io O v bo o � u. a N TS w a a ao �� a w O � � tl � � � : � � G •,ate '� .5 Sn ar °a � w° wbO CJ a tD baE i@ wG �v gin» rti ° w m ami o. 0 i4 G r�» X. i1 • a YaN i 4 y G .° r�i d� y� °C� r C �r C y y C. as ay G CG3 Cd fli m n Q p t G as tai +; r. 0 0, e6 4) 0O �• a 'O ' Ei � oo aKa X3 yo bo c a" tea+ y . s=' b W SG o ° o a coy o: 22 o ' cry u ' 3 , ° oya G 0 .y a; 'v f m . ar a a�- Gr. �7 > °.3 ° a 0 0G o tai,+a a = y o a a . �r ,"" ai di ea iU t o w ' 0 �+" ,u y W p •C" tcF O oj N o. G u u o rts a 3 . bD w a 41 cs C rG -21 2, 'N i C- 0 � o rC Cl* '� 34) 10 M- w0 , y r m0a°G N,o :dz' °3 t 't 1 v ° O u tebobo 1 u3 tloj L, 9 9� ! yC SOiy,z bO a 'n y. 7q !•_' O .. i3GCl,`S 't. dc� + C1. +'•°� . ` G 'LGS 1Ga� 1ar`GSboa[o°m w . b O o U So,E to. =� G -Go � % 1 5 N S csaS -11 0 .10 a 7 a• a a� ¢ d en sJ U y n N a a v A by co CD 0 u a ' a v z 2 4 �l7 bU iR b4 L�.aCt ewC ,OLS C is Vi 'V y yi +i, N :o O y tmz pp Q> CL G7 a s G v m X a O G } O yfl rs o a tts is 0 ° U aJ aa! G �r be ado 44 ox $,°�, � o � � � ci ooeo 8 = y Y w G a y ? 3 ENVERCN9MENTAL SE7M%IMPACTS,AND MIMAI ON .4 Geology and Selsmicfty 3.4.1 Existing Environmental Setting The study area lies within the hills of the California Gast Range.The geologic structure consists of northwest-trending folds and faults resulting from the collision of the Farallon and North American plates and subsequent translational shear along the San Andreas fault system.Uplift occurred by Noddle Miocene time(about 16 million years ago),with some uplift continuing through the Quaternary period(last 2 million years). Mount Diablo,whose peak rises 3,849 feet above sea level,is the major geologic and topographic feature near the study area(approximately 6 miles north).Mount Diablo is a plug of mixed Franciscan rocks,including serpentinites and some sedimentary and volcanic rock,and is part of the Diablo Range that stretches 130 mules from the Carquinez Strait in the north to Coalinga in the south.The study area is located on the southwest flank of the Mount Diablo plug.Geology in the study area is characterized mostly by poorly consolidated folded and faulted nonmarine sedimentary rocks of the Contra Costa group, interbedded with traces of volcanic tuffs,ranging in age from Miocene to Pleistocene.More recent terrace and alluvial deposits occur in streams and valleys,and colluvium(slopewash deposits)occur in swales and at the top of ridges.Continuous weathering and downslope transport processes,including landslidin.g and stream erosion processes,have created the existing lanLdforms in the study area.The area is characterized by linear ridge crests,spur ridges with alternating swales and ridges,and lower valley regions.Elevations in the study area range from as low as 425 feet to more than 1,100 feet. The soils of Alameda County and Contra Costa County belong to two major groups,which are divided into 26 associations 67 series,and nearly 200 different soil varieties.The major soil groups are related to the substrate on which the soils have developed.Soils near the delta and on tidal flats,floodplains,terraces,and alluvial fans were developed on the unconsolidated deposits of the valleys and shores.The soils in the hilly portions of the study area are predominately Diablo clay,on slopes of 9 to 50 percent.These soils are underlain by soft shale and sandstone at a depth of about 42 inches,are well drained,have slow permeability,and have a moderate to high shrink-swell potential.Small valleys in the area contain Clear lake clay,found in the fine-textured alluvium..These sails are poorly drained,have slow permeability,and have a moderate to high shrink-swell potential.Most other soils in the sturdy area are also clays.With slopes of 0 to 8 percent,there typically is no erosion hazard;with slopes over 10 percent,erosion hazards from runoff may be moderate to high. The study area is within a seismically active area of northern California.The Calaveras Fault,lying parallel to and just west of San Ramon Valley Boulevard,is the major active fault with rupture potential in the study area.The Calaveras Fault''one has been designated:as a Special Study Zane by the State Division of Mines and Geology,pursuant to the Alquist-Priolo Special Study Zones Act.Within this zone,geologic investigations are required to determine the precise location of active fault traces prior to project approval, and structures built near a fault trace must be set back 50 feet. Other smaller faults traverse portions of the study area including the Dublin Fault and the Pleasanton Fault.The Dublin Fault is presumed inactive,and the Pleasanton Fault is a _ 280 s,rcra:\woRK\131 rsa.swERkIO0314RE.Doc 3-41 3 ENVIRONMIEWAL SEr rm,IMPACTS,ANC wiGA3i0N minor active fault. The Pleasanton Fault is also included within an Alquist Priolo Special Studies Zone.Although the Dublin Fault is considered inactive,movement on an intersecting master fault could trigger adjustments on minor cross faults. Other nearby faults include Hayward (approximately 2-3 miles west of the study area),Concord (approximately 1 -2 miles north),Greenville(approximately 5 miles to the east of the study area),and San Andreas(approximately 30 miles west of the study area). A regional fault map is provided in Figure 3-6. 3.4.2 Impacts Significance Criteria Project impacts would be considered significant if they could involve or result in exposure of people or structures to major geologic hazards such as seismic activity,slope instability,landslides,land subsidence,and shrink swell soil characteristics. Impact 3.4.1--Modification of Topography Minor modifications to existing topography would occur during construction of the Program facilities. Modifications could include trench excavations,removal of soil unsuitable for trench backfill,and placement of compacted fill.Except for storage tanks,the majority of Program facilities would be located within existing public rights-of-way or in streets that would be constructed as a result of other developments. (Less than Significant) Impact 3.4.2--Earthquake Damage to Facilities The Program's facility sites could be affected by moderate to strong groundshaking from major earthquakes during the life of the project.Due to the close proximity of the faults listed in Section 3.4.1,a major earthquake along any of these faults could produce severe groundshaking at sites within the study,area.(Potentially Significant) Impact 3.4.3--Slope Instability at Storage Tank Sites Slope stability may be an issue for storage tanks located on steep topography in the study area.Geotechnical investigations prior to final design will determine slope stability and soil characteristics.Storage tanks will be designed and constructed in accordancewith recommendations from these investigations. (Less than Significant) Impact 3.4.4—Damage to Facilities Resulting from Underlying Soil Properties The clay-rich soils with high shrink-swell potential,common throughout the study area,can lead to structural damage associated with expansive soils.Shrinking or expanding soils can cause damage to structures,such as cracking of foundations. (Potentially Significant) Impact 3.4.5--Potential Tank Failure There is a remote possibility of storage tank failure in the event of a significant earthquake, landslide,or similar event.The release of water from the failed tank could impact residential homes and other structures downhill of the tanks. (Potentially Significant) 281 SX]JAWORK031788.RW1E1R1100314RE.00C 3.42 d c W U. U. 0 0 q ti � o f 1 � CO Z L p I ,e( C` �'k J m CL e :n py m N 0 m �a. ! ? '— It s r ui os ' r 282 >r w 3-48 w 3 ENVIRONMENTAL,SEMNG,IMPACTS,AND MMATM 3.4.3 Mitigation The fallowing mitigation measures will be incorporated into the project to reduce geology and seismicity impacts to a less than significant level. Mitigation 3.4.1--modification of Topography On the basis of available information and with proper engineering and controlled construction activities,geologic considerations are not expected to adversely affect construction or operation of the proposed project; therefore,no additional mitigation is required. Mitigation 3.4.2-Earthquake Damage to Facilities All project-related structural design,as well as all grading and topography modifications, must conform with the most recent editions of the Uniform Building Code,the California Building Code,and the relevant seismic safety standards of the local agencies in the study area as a matter of course.The Alquist-Priolo Special Studies.Zones Act requires that geologic investigations be done to determine the precise location of active fault traces prior to project approval,and structures built near a fault trace must be set back 50 feet. Mitigation 3.4.3--Slope instability at Storage Tank Sites With geotechnical investigations,proper design and engineering,and controlled construction activities,slope stability considerations are not expected to adversely affect construction or operation of the proposed project.Tank sites may be relocated to more suitable locations if necessary,and subsequent environmental review will be conducted. Mitigation 3.4.4—Damage to Facilities Resulting from Underlying Soil properties Can the basis of available information and with proper design,engineering and controlled construction activities,expansive soils considerations are not expected to adversely affect construction or operation of the proposed project, therefore,no additional mitigation is required. Mitigation 3,4.5--potential Tank Failure Comprehensive geologic and engineering studies,and construction design(which incorporates recommendations of these studies),as required within the cities of San Ramon and Dublin,and the Town of Danville,will be conducted for all tanks to ensure against tank failure. Positioning the tanks so that homes are not in the direct flow path of water released from the tanks is recommended. 283 SJCIJ:iwosx\131768.awtEIR\100314RE.DOC 3-44 3 EWtRONMWAISETTING,IMPACTS,AND WMATION 3.4.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Geology and Seismicity Table 3-11 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for geology and seismicity.The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison.A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 284 SJG/J.iWORK1131763_RWIEIR1100314RE.DX 3-45 00 O Ow cu 44 :v 04 -.M Im. 0 di (U lul u 4) tj 0 GO78 ,- u oc ,CC U 30 ul CL E fu it t6 bo 0 2 U) > a mEL 4 W Z 0 C — > bo 4 m 0 1"). 0 0 CL tu 40 w to X cp CL - cc w w 'A 0 =4 0 '6 20 - —0 ow 20 6zo r. .0 0 U 0. 0 .2 c Z x t 10 im 0 M 0, 0 0 0 u �w 00 .2 -00 oc' 72 2 60 4: c CA 0 0 c UM. Zo t =0 a es = 0 fa E -a tr 79 = 2 T t: — — W 3 u tA r- o di 0 �t to — " 0 CL > >, a > o 0, -,, c 4 m r) . '= > U) X Va. Cl.C fu E ON W E0 2 o cc CU > m inx tz fm 0 0 > > E o cc 0 0 CL o. lr-u tr I M w Fi cz 73 q-.0 iC >w 0 W u bu 0 Qj tA z tE Owl CL bell. 0 tb 0 0 O o U) X - E L6 m C: aj 0 x .3 E tA 7E -S >, lul 110 m OW w J: '4 r. 0 'r. D U) o -W .rCrgu CA o cn 0 Jz 43 Om ;9 tm CO 10 O a'., CL .l< toE "1 0 M CtY 5 8 2 z (h ) ro-L u tm >, 4, X m CL wAR z o C cusa -0 --- I= t — 0 X :3 — O CL 't I tl=l N, U. u -'.4 w u a u tmez u '00 Q1, m Q. QD Ulx 00 r 'r-C u �2 u '• >, > c) -a I Id u > CL rd CL CL 1) > a CL V 4 :3CL 11 E 21 .......... IW.. 14 P. Aw 'or 3 ENVIRONMENTAL S€MNG,IMPACTS,AND M3TIGATION 3.5 Land Use 3.5.1 Existing Environmental Setting The study area is predominately suburban in character in the incorporated areas and consists primarily of residential,light commercial and open space uses. Planned land uses within the study area are identified and regulated according to the general pians and zoning ordinances of the different jurisdictions.The area has been developed according to the',planning policies and regulations applicable to the various jurisdictions.Following is a description of existing land uses near the various Program facilities. Transmission Pipeline Alignments There are several potential transmission pipeline alignment corridors to transport recycled water. The initial implementation of the project(which would consist of two separate construction phases)will transport recycled water between the DSRSD treatment plant in Pleasanton and Blackhawk Country Club,and would serve currently existing customers. The Alcosta Boulevard and Southern Pacific right-of-way alignments were selected because of their position relative to potential customers in these areas. The other two north-south alignments,Dougherty Valley and Tassajara Valley,support future development within these valleys. Following is a description of existing land uses along the proposed transmission pipeline alignments.The alternative transmission pipeline alignments are shown in Figures 2-12 through 2-15 in Chapter 2 of this EIR. - DSRSD Treatment Plant to Dublin Boulevard. A previous study for DSRSD(Century West Engineering Corp., 1995)evaluated four alternatives for routing a 30-inch pipeline from the DSRSD WWTP to the north side of 1-580).The recon-unended alternative alignment crosses Stoneridge Drive from.the DSRSD WWTP,runs east within DSRSD property then north between the DSRSD lagoons and Zone 7`s Canal G-1-1. The alignment continues north beneath Johnson Drive and I-580,to Dublin Boulevard.The land use in the area is commercial or light industrial. A second alternative for this alignment follows the alignment described above,then heads north following the existing gravel access roads adjacent to the DSRSD lagoons on Johnson Drive. At this point the route travels west along Johnson Drive to the east bank of the Alamo Canal, and then north along the bank of Canal "J"towards Dublin Boulevard. A third alternative for this alignment follows the alignment described above,then heads west to the east bank of the Alamo Canal.A new bicycle pathway is proposed along this portion of the canal.The alignment would pass underneath I-580,and continue north to Dublin Boulevard parallel to the bank of Canal"J."A fourth alternative for this alignment follows the third alignment described above,with the exception that the pipe would be located within Johnson Drive where it closely,parallels the Alamo Canal.The alignment would pass under I-580,then travel north parallel to Canal"J" to Dublin Boulevard. Alcosta Boulevard Alignment The Alcosta Boulevard alignment would be located primarily in existing streets through the cities of Dublin and San Ramon.This alignment begins on Dublin Boulevard,west of the Hopyard Boulevard/1-580 Interchange. The alignment follows Village Parkway in a northerly direction to Alcosta Boulevard, then follows Alcosta 5JC/J:\WORK1731768.RMEIR\100314RE.Dx 3.47 286 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING+,IMPACTS,AND M#TW ION Boulevard north to Crow Canyon Road. It continues east on Crow Canyon Road to its termination at the Blackhawk Country Club. The Alcosta Boulevard alignment passes various land uses.Upon leaving the treatment plant,it travels past a single family residential development on Stoneridge Drive,and through a commercial portion of Pleasanton,on Franklin Drive before crossing under I-580. North of I-580,the alignment crosses through the east boundary of Dublin Sports Grounds and runs west along a commercial portion of Dublin Boulevard,and then proceeds onto Village Parkway. After passing Amador Valley Boulevard,the alignment passes medium-density residential areas,Dublin High School,two churches,and a professional center before reaching Alcosta Boulevard. The Alcosta Boulevard/Village Parkway intersection is bordered by a commercial retail shopping center surrounded by medium-density residential homes.Along Alcosta Boulevard between Village Parkway and Montevideo Drive,the road is limed with single family homes as well as a golf course.At Montevideo Drive and Alcosta Boulevard,there is a commercial retail shopping center among residential homes. From Montevideo Drive to Bollinger Canyon Road,apartment complexes and some single family homes are found along Alcosta Boulevard,with a commercial retail strip at Bollinger Canyon Road. The land uses along Alcosta Boulevard from Bollinger Canyon Road to Crow Canyon Road consist mainly of offices,a fire station,and a commercial strip to the west.The east side includes a single family residential neighborhood,a church,San Ramon Regional Medical Center,and open space. From Crow Canyon Road,a pipeline would extend to Tank 8A.It would travel along the SPRR right-of-moray to Glennbrook Court,5t.Christopher Drive,and El Capitan Drive to Como Way and the nearby tank site.The land use along these streets is residential.Two subalternative alignments to Tank 8A would be either along El Capitan Drive off Crow Canyon Road,or along St.George Drive to the tank site.The land uses along these alignments are primarily residential. The land uses along Craw Canyon Road east toward Blackhawk consist mainly of single family residential,a church,offices,and open space uses.At Camino Tassajara,commercial shopping centers and a movie theater are interspersed with low-density residential development. Southern pacific Right-of-Way Alignment.The Southern Pacific(SPRR)right-of-way(ROW) alignment follows the same general alignment as the Alcosta Boulevard alignment to Dublin Boulevard. At Dublin Boulevard,the alignment could follow one of three alternative alignments.One alignment would be along the Alamo Canal between Dublin Boulevard and the SPRR.The land uses along this alignment are primarily commercial,with some residential.A second alignment would be along Sierra Court between Dublin Boulevard and the SPRR.The land uses along this alignment are primarily light industrial.A third alignment would be along Dougherty Road between Dublin Boulevard and the SPRR alignment proceeding east to the SP right-of-way.The alignment then follows the right-of- way north to Crow Canyon Road.From here,the alignment follows Crow Canyon Road.to Blackhawk Country Club. The current land use within the SPRR alignment in Dublin south of Amador Valley Boulevard consists of wide dirt areas that abut South San Ramon Creek/Alamo Creek. SJCl3;1WORK\131788.RME3R11 O0314RE.00C 3.48 287 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SEMNG,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION North of Amador Valley Boulevard,the SPRR alignment is used as a trail that parallels South San Ramon Creek.North of Alcosta Boulevard the trail remains unpaved until Pine Valley Road,where the SPRR right-of-way becomes the Iron Horse Trail,which extends ±15 miles to Walnut Creek.The Iron Horse Trail is a paved trail for pedestrian and bicycle use.From Pine Valley Road to Montevideo Drive,the trail continues to parallel South San Ramon Creek.From Montevideo,the.Iron.Horse Trail leaves South San Ramon Creek and continues north through San Ramon,parallel to Camino Ramon.The SPRR alignment continues east at Crow Canyon Road.Studies are currently underway to evaluate the potential of implementing a light rail transportation system in the San Ramon Valley.The SPRR:is being considered as one possible alignment for such a facility,but no determinations have yet been made. In addition to aboveground land uses currently existing or being considered for the SPRR, there are several underground utilities in the SPRR.These utilities include a high pressure jet fuel line,storm drains,water transmission lines,and fiber optic cable. A spur alignment to Tank site 8A would also be required,as.described for the Alcosta Boulevard alignment,above. Bollinger Canyon Road as Alternative to Crow Canyon Road.For both the Alcosta and the SPRR alignments,Bollinger Canyon Road is an alternative to using Crow Canyon Road. This alternative runs between Alcosta Boulevard or the SPRR right-of-way and Dougherty Road.In this alternative,the pipeline would leave Alcosta Boulevard or the SPRR right-of- way and follow Bollinger Canyon Road and its future extension east to the point where it intersects with Dougherty Read,then run north on Daugherty Road to Crow Canyon road. From there it would continue as before on Crow Canyon Road to Blackhawk. In this alternative,the transmission line to Tank 8A would run north from Bollinger Canyon Road along Canyon Lakes Drive,cross east to Lakemont Drive,proceed north on Myrtle Beach Lane,Silver Lake Drive,Capitan Drive,and Como Way.The principal land uses along this alternative are residential and country club/golf course. Dougherty Valley Alignment.The Dougherty Valley alignment is a future transmission pipeline route for potential customers in the areas planned for development within Dougherty Valley.The Dougherty Valley alignment would be within the planned extension of Bollinger Canyon Road, the proposed Windemere Parkway and part of Dougherty Road. It runs between the SP right-of-way in Dublin and Crow Canyon Road in Danville.The transmission pipeline would be located within the road right-of-way as it is ultimately constructed. Dougherty Valley currently consist of rolling hills that are predominately used for ranching. The Dougherty Valley planning area is located on approximately 5,979 acres in an unincorporated part of south-central Contra Costa County. Development of the Dougherty Valley planning area under the approved Specific Plan would allow construction of up to 11,000 homes,along with supporting commercial,office,civic,and open space land uses. The valley is expected to include a mixed variety of housing,from low to high density with single family homes as well as attached duplex units,interspersed among large areas of open space.Schools,parks,a;golf course,potential religious facilities,and a Village Center will also be developed.The Village Center would include a library,community center, senior center,fire station,police substation,and a retail center. SSC/J,\WgAM131768.RMEIMIOM148E.DOC 3-49 p 288 3 SWIRONM ENTAL SMM,WACTS,AND M!Tr*nCN Tassajara Valley Alignment.Tassajara Valley alignment is an anticipated future transmission route for potential customers within this area.The Tassajara Valley alignment would connect to the,main pipeline in Dublin along Dublin Boulevard and proceed east to Tassajara Read.From Tassajara Road,the pipeline would proceed,north within either the existing or a future road right-of-way towards Crow Canyon Road in Danville. It would be constructed within Tassajara Road,the extension of Fallon Road,and Camino Tassajara. In Dublin,Tassajara Creek Regional Park,Santa.Rita Rehabilitation Center,and Santa Rita Federal Correctional Institution are west of the alignment.As the alignment proceeds north into Tassajara Valley, the current land uses consist of rolling hills,agricultural uses,a fire station,scattered housing,and open space throughout the valley.In addition,Tassajara Creek crosses the roadway.The future land uses of Tassajara Valley are being planned at this time. Western Dublin Alignment.The Western Dublin alignment would travel west along Dublin Boulevard from where it connects to the transmission line from the treatment plant.It would terminate at Tank Site T10,past the end of Dublin Road,on a hillside west of Dolan Canyon,on the northside of I-580.The land uses along this alignment are primarily residential,open space,and vacant land. Storage Tanks and Pomp Stations Alternative storage tank and pump station locations are shown in Figure 2-18 in Chapter 2. Following is a description of land uses at and near the storage tank and pump station sites. Specific location maps for these facilities are shown in Figures 3-7 through 3-22. Tank T1 would be located east of Alcosta Boulevard and north of Old Ranch Road in San Ramon,near an existing EBMUD tank.This vacant site is currently zoned agricultural/resource conservation,and consists of rolling hills between the two ridges.The site is surrounded by neighboring residential developments. Tank T2 would be located above the EBMUD Regional Service Center on Crow Canyon Road near R:eedland Circle.This area consists of open space among scattered mixed residential housing.The tank would be positioned in the vicinity of current tanks onsite. Tank T2A would be located above,the eastern end of Bollinger Canyon Road towards Crow Canyon Road.This area consists of open space and mixed residential housing just north of San Ramon Regional Medical Center. Tank T3 would be located north of Camino Tassajara near Finley Road among scattered housing,open space,and agricultural land. Tank 3A would be on rolling hills south of Camino Tassajara,beyond the end of Hillview Drive. A residential neighborhood is north of the site.The tank site would be in agricultural land,near PG&E power transmission lines. Tank T4 would be located in the Blackhawk community,above the Blackhawk sport complex and pool area.Blackhawk currently has two water storage tanks to the south of the proposed site.The surrounding area includes Mount Diablo Open Space to the north and existing private single family homes within the Blackhawk community.Overhead PG&E lines run parallel with Eagle Nest Drive above the proposed site. 289 SJCCJ:\WORK131768.RW\EiR11003148E.DOC 3-50 r TANK 1 SITE ALTERNATIVES a ;r' ACCESS .26 ROA[} � } APP 210-550-017 yw _ SITE FLAN ---tXISTINta EgMUD TANK A 1T`E 2DOa � i -� - ir - VICINITY MAP FIGURE 3-7 Souroe: McMontgomery Watson, 1998. TANK 1 SITE3-51 131788.AW.DE WHILL ti n iiia W 't,��''`a k f "•...,`"yX / f"+ �'ti;. ' it ui LU i i a N < LU .w (�) o d Z W vrr . o LO L� Z C a o CL W W 'y {V fiy g a `a C2 W v o 3-52 m 291 CL it U, - 3f OA s 1JJ Z LU uj 1 _ a op I G7 C.4 r, C6 N `m 292 � ¢ Y. F .eE� y.'✓ 3 4T 3e '.'i,m, L"•4 wti"Y 3-53 � k w \ n Cf '� i 00 (moi r �`\ ti •uj m�X31 .Ro*%t 1 1 j r . °« W )M1\"oma t trt0 Sto-oot-OZZ x LL) G1 M a� y Oot-OZ Nd`v`NdY � H 610'-OO L-OZZ NdV £t0-OO t-OZZ `�- NdV ' 4 a r W uja N 293 ` :................................... - � Y � w t x, z I tv[#i�w �'. sb w'/'6a�S �'�!�. '�{>. 7FH1fY,Ftq r'1 w� ,?�► ` NYS't1WfStt PL. fAn`; OR. � OWL AP . —v"GAU two wu ev ar rER trot: a ..:. ei sit neVt. n3 • � � �� 4148. � � Bq. INLErl ET PIPE cute essu�gtE» z'� a e�ceatx3� 3� E Mw 4�.d SITE PLAN A lie NAA _ v v Zv. C VICINITY' 1 FIGURE 3-11 TANK 3A SITE Source: Montgomery Watson. 1996. 3-55 j./t� 431758_RW.DE '•• L� }`•i ti-y1, '`'-��„ i�'�+: ��1'. 4 r���Y �It l'� f��ii„_'id' .+` _�v. 1 .: - 07 UJ uj ''��1�'` F r•+cam- :d 09N ; t�.uJ M: Now No" V�j 51..... 4 ; 3----, Y -3y kG y uj yf W uj Li �s y _ r t { t 't " Vd e. C Z- irn In jPI i gyp. l U VICINIT)( MAP � t _CLQ' � �� '`�-. � '...`.-.,•---•: � 1��` f r' r:� L9ft ITE '°° o + �) VICINITY MAP FIGURE 3.13 296 TANK 5 AND SA SITES Source. Montgomery Watson, 1996. 3-57 13r?8*.ttw.n . HAL 00.U' ,ra i �M t'URAP. TAT1{)N_� � k ��$ JotiN Tt}N'��� � ,6 SITE AR-IwAt YICIN1WMAP W- MSM. `{ . �s , 00 a (AMA�l "SPWO" �4 'VICINITY MAP a > �to✓ ,,,,,,,.--.. t � \ ��,�`` \ l !�".1`. FIGURE 3-14 297 TANK 6 AND 7, AND PUMP STATION 6, 7, AND 9 SITES 3.6s Source: Montgomery Watson, 1996. 13+*?gs.AW.0E r - 77 t xc APN 218-010 NO SCALE CRMO WAY(ACCESS ROAD) w TANK 8A S1 E ALTERNA APN 218040-34 n.; � - x - LC3CAT{0N MAP "e r x ' ►LTEll NATtVES--- r Y �, . �` �' VICINITY/' MAP 298 FIGURE--3.!-15 TANK SA SITE Source: Montgomery Watson, 1996. 3 59 HILL t 3 t 788.RW.DE � r s`•cr\.�.mac+ /'! wy�. 1)) •� --�` \w•tiwESS \1 11 l 1 �F ` INLET/ a �� IN /.� ET`-P"IPEj 1 It j, t �. - 1 �] VICINITY MAP s, Jf)y� *.: tea' • ;,.tip�' :Y;,"�� me a • .+ ,,..art,� PUlV1 �' It fig. ' ' «,+"�',,y ubli ,rad ; . a' VICINITY MAP 299 FIGURE 3-16 TANK 10 AND PUMP STATION 10 SITES source: Montgomery Watson, 1596. CwH 3-60 1317MAW.D1 APN 213-742-t?42 s NO SCALE APN 213-742-445 _ k =- ISCHARGE PIPE F LIMP STATION 2 (ABOVE GROUND) ifCTION PIPE: x^ WE PLAN rfION ;A SITE rr 20403 ; r (J 0 _ SfATIE�I�12 F . ,,SITE ' VICINITY MAP 300 FIGURE 3-17 PUMP STATION 2 SITE Source: Montgomery Watson, 1896. 3-61 CJ�I`Nftl 131788.RW,DE APN 213-701-002 ,'O s� PARKING LOT DISCHARGE PUMP PIPE STATION 2A �y ca. riw f-^ Qr �" S`� '�rA•-/w.3u� p ,ate SITE PLAN -STATI,t N 2A 2000'rj SITE 01 MP N [ STATI 2 r} *S ITE VICINITY MAP Q FIGURE 3-18 PUMP STATION 2A SITE Source: Montgomery Watson, 1996. N� 3-62 131768.RW.DE Try a _ PN 217-371-016 4 APN 217-371-017 a z LICTION PUMP � } PIPE STATION 3.. APN 217-371-023 - r� PN 217-371-0 APN 217-371- 19 DISCHARGE PIPE �� FSITE PLAN 1-2 ' , r P Il IP y 'ATIt�N! 20f?0� STATIN 3 .rSITE - � 4 4 "SITVICINI VL T ��rys 302 FIGURE 3-19 Souse: Montgomery Watson, 1996. PUMP STATION 3 SITE 13Y75E.RYV.d]E H� x-63 CL } 4�� _ L —s W _ �- ,� ..,, - , �f*„-.. .4J. { �3 r< +-�'••- �` -�i 'tea � Ir � sf.. ��1 S i #,•+..—__ate � {��,, _ .. i ArkL c moi:: 'JCA uj RM c- µ 0 � h .- x _. SUCTION PIPE APN 220-590-t}C}1 �.. �w PUMP N 220-590-0 d STATION '4 EXISTING EBMU© PUMP STATION (BURIED VAULT) SITE PLAN ,{ dfjr� �.✓ h}�'�.l X�a�e.�i� �` ��}�L 1� `lr �� ��"f, }'t f ,,,�.-�,� �`°� t� � mow'-"'.,�' �, Vn� ._...•. 1-77-1 ;� i. r. 13 4 _ I-�`r^ r (y Lam' fes- I its r J., - + s. - � .� . d VICINITY MAS' 30 FIGURE s-ZI Source: Montgomery watson, 1998. PUMP STATION 4 SITE 131768.RW.DE' CWHILL 3-85 '^- " N- 0-SCA-LE y q, +s: .,,jam x3ju. +�•-p-•, - .r S.-f r :3i �' '"�`:=cw 3 �R•Y,•',} .a'-` �,�, .�' ti � may.�," e,,, LOCATION MAP d 14x. w. 'NI i VICINITY MAP 3 C,5 ��• i Vizi _r j- - �•. .�. FIGURE 3-22 PUMP STATION 5 SITE 3 s6 Source: Montgomery Watson, 1996. 131768.fiW.DE 3 EM AomtmAL SEtTm,iMPACTS,AND wnc-ATnON Tank T5 would be located on the southern end of Camino Tassajara,nearly on the Contra Costa/Alameda County line.This area is currently undeveloped and consists of rolling hills,scattered housing,and open space. Tank T5A would be located in rolling hills east of Tassajara Road,south of the county line. The vicinity is currently undeveloped. Tank T6 would be located south of Camino Tassajara west of Fire Station 36,within an area of rolling hills.Adjacent land use consists of scattered housing,agricultural use,and opera space. Tank T7 would be located within the planned development of Dougherty Valley.This area is currently open space with rolling hills and agricultural grazing. Tank T3A is east of the end of Coma Way,north of Crow Canyon Country Club Golf Course. Residential areas are located west and south of the site. Tank T10 would be on a hillside west of Dolan Canyon,on the north side of I-5801. Residential development is taking place in Dolan Canyon,below the site. Pump station P1 would be located within the DSRSD treatment plant property.No figure is provided for this facility since it has not yet been determined where the pump station would be located within the DSRSD plant facility. Pump station P2 is along the SPRR right-of-way,south of Bollinger Canyon Road. Pump station PA would be located in San Ramon on Alcosta Boulevard,at Market Street within a commercial development. Pump station P3 would be located between Goldenrod Lane and Crow Canyon Road, northwest of Dougherty Road This area contains scattered low density housing and a park just north of the proposed site. Pump station P3A is beside Crow Canyon Road,northeast of Dougherty Road,near Diablo Vista Park. Pump station P4 would be located within the Blackhawk community,near the intersection of Eagle Nest Drive and Blackhawk Drive.This area in Blackhawk consists of low-density housing and landscaped medians.The pump station would be located under the PG&E transmission lines,adjacent to the existing EBMUD pump station. Pump station P5 would be located near Tassajara Read south of the Contra Costa/Alameda County line.This area is currently planned for development within the Eastern Dublin Specific Plan,and consists of rolling hills,scattered housing,and open space. Adjacent land uses consist of Tassajara Creek Regional Park,Santa Rita Rehabilitation Center,and.Federal Correction Institution. Pump station P6 would be located within the Tassajara Valley hills west of Fire Station 36, near tank T6.This area consists of rolling hills and scattered housing and is currently being planned for development. Pump station.P7 would be located near a proposed commercial area in the Windemere Phase I development. It is near Alamo Creek,west of the current alignment of Dougherty ,Road. 306 SJClJ.iWORK1131768.RMEIRt100314RE.DCC 3.87 3 EwiAoNMENTAL sEnNG,impACTs,AND M3Tw=N Pump station P9 is within the Windemere Ranch portion of Dougherty Valley,near the proposed Windemere Parkway.The area is proposed for commercial and residential uses. Pump station P10 would be on the south side of Dublin boulevard at Silvergate Drive, within a landscaped business park development ASR Wells The general location of proposed ASR wells is shown in Figure 2-11 in Chapter 2.Following is a description of the land uses at the ASR well sites.Figure 3-18 shows the specific location of these sites. Well Site F1 is located at the Dublin Civic Center at 140 Civic Plaza off Dublin boulevard, on public property owned by City of Dublin. Civic Center facilities and park uses are currently located on the site. Well Site F2 is located on DSRSD property at the DSRSD office administration site,located at 7051 Dublin Boulevard in the City of Dublin;.District office and storage uses are currently located on the site. Dublin High School is located at 8151 Village Parkway,near Brighton Drive,and would incorporate Well Site F3(which may include two wells)onto its grounds.The publicly owned high school grounds are adjacent to the SPRR right of way and single fancily residential land uses. Pine Valley Intermediate School,located at 3440 Pine Valley.Road in San Ramon,near the corner of BroadmoorDrive,is proposed to incorporate Well Site F4(which may include two wells)onto its grounds. One of the two wells proposed for site F4 could also be located on the adjacent Saone Acres Park.Single family residential land uses surround the site. California High School,located at 9874 Broadmoor Road in San Ramon,between Christopher Way and.Riviera May,is proposed to incorporate Well Site F5 onto its grounds. The school grounds include the San Ramon Olympic Pool.The two wells on this site would likely to be at the northern and southern ends of the school grounds.Single family residential land uses surround the site.The SPRR right-of-way and Iron Horse Regional Trail are adjacent to the school grounds to the east. Distribution Lines Distribution line locations are shown in Figure'2-19 in Chapter 2.The distribution system will consist of pipes branching off the main transmission litre as needed to connect the transmission system to recycled water customers.The distribution lines will be located in streets that front on a variety of land uses in the study area.Table 3-12 groups the streets within which distribution lines would be located by the predominant land use along that street segment. 307 sJC/J:lWORK1131768.RW1EIR1100314RE.Dbc 3..68 r �14 DR. k atvo f Dublin Spot's Grounds 1 I F1: City of Dublin F3: City of Dublin ELU:Civic Center ELU:Dublin High School GPD:Public/Semi-Public Facility GPD:Public/Semi-Public Facility F2: City of Dublin ELU:DSRSD Administrative Office GPD:General Commercial ♦ ��� \ yob �� a• �' 5 ` SS ¢ \\ c� ©� f w F4: City of San Ramon 1 ELU:Pine Valley Intermediate School and F5: City of San Ramon Boone Acres Park ELU:California High School GPD:Public/Semi-Public Facility and Park GPD:Public/Semi-Public Facility KEY: ,+ ELU-Existing Land Use GPD-General Pian Designation Proposed Well Site NORTH 808 FIGURE 3- 23 LAND USE AT ASR WELL SITES Source: ESA, 1996. 3-68a 131 r6s.aw.OE CWHILL Boavooea€erne asc�cWiuomv.Mr's C:3 (a cn V6 ON z ON 6upped;ewls ou'puOd la!luep!saj AN Paold POOMPI!M 3 suolleaof awos u€ z ON 6upped laSa;s`looyos fieluewalg lei;uap{saj ds paod oewoA ON z ON BuiVed hags ou'sBulpilnq peuopuege'alts uosud BIN Blues pip eoeds uadp ilaj,t-L ON z ON 6ul�jed leajls'luowdofanSp pedeospuel lelolewwoo'lellueplsaj dtN Smeajo ulM1• ON z ON 6uiNjed laajls'afjed e;enljd ajoweodS ao1 4emaA11C) leilueptsaj dW/AS enlJ0 paSM.L ON z ON BulMjed leajls'speoa duel Z 9p1M Iu9A felojawwoo lanoo fiIlu}j f ON z ON 6u€�aad;aaals ON lelojewwoo �!uljl ON ON 6ul�faed leejls ou`,tied`sljnoo sluual 411M jelueo�41unwwoo leilueptsej ds entad gnlo siuual ON z ON Bunljed hews 411m looyos lueluewalg leiluepisej ds amid)faejewej seA fr seA 6ulXjed leajls ou'ueipew pedaospuel lel;uepisel AS peoU dalleA OJOweMAS Paw e6%U011 seA ON 6ullejedas uelpew pedeospuel`Xied'leejls;o suolpod uo!leMpunos eoads uadp'lelluap!sel dint/ds peou yaeoo e6els laaals ;o uo!l od Z Olu! 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aw adaos uej lellua isaa N/ds pjenelnoe dap9A IOpewt/ saA z ON N P P P P, d saA ON 6utXjed hails ON 1e10jawwoo peO8 ezeld JOPewy ON z ON 6uialjed leaf;s ON lelojewwoo paOH Mid JOpewy tilled ax18 SOUB-1 lanes I llsuejl sajnlead leloadS asn puel lueulwapajd hails sauil uogngij;sit3 6uole suoil!puoo laallS Pue assn puel to kewwnS z l-E�i8v1 3 ENVRONMENTALSE11 NG,IMPACTS,AND WnGAnoN 3.5.2 Impacts Significance Criteria Land use impacts would be considered significant if implementation of the project would result in the substantial reallocation of land uses or changes to current land uses within the project area;or the substantial alteration of existing land uses surrounding the project area;or if the project conflicts with adopted environmental plans and goals of the community where the action is located;or if the project would permanently disrupt or divide the physical arrangement of an established community. Land use impacts would also be considered significant if the project would convert prime agricultural land to non-agricultural use,or impair the agricultural productivity of prime agricultural land. Impact 3.5.1-Temporary Disruption of Land Uses by Facilities Construction Construction of Program facilities could result in short-term,construction-related disruption to land uses and businesses adjacent to the construction zone.These impacts could include increases in airborne dust,noise levels,and traffic congestion,and are described in the corresponding sections of this fid.In addition,temporary staging areas for the storage of equipment,pipe,and other construction materials would be required along the length of the pipeline corridor,which could result in the temporary disruption of some land uses.These construction-related impacts would be short term,and would not affect the current planned land uses of the project and adjacent areas. (Potentially Significant) Impact 3.5.2-4ncompatibiiity with Surrounding land Uses Once the project is completed and in operation,none of the Program facilities would be incompatible with current or planned land uses of areas in the vicinity of those facilities.In addition,recycled water would replace other potable and nonpotable water sources used for landscape irrigation at various water use sites,but would not require a change in land use or restriction to current use at any of the sites.For this reason,the project would not result in long-term land use impacts. (Less than Significant) Impact 3.5.3—Adverse Effects on Future Land Uses The future pipeline corridors selected would follow existing or newly-aligned streets to minimize disruption to the environments adjacent to these routes.Short-term,construction- related disruption to land uses within the vicinity of future facilities would occur as the components of those projects are constructed.Specific environmental impacts,such as air quality,noise,and traffic impacts,would be rnitigatable and would not alter or substantially disrupt existing land uses. Once the project is completed,Program facilities would not disrupt or alter current or planned land uses in the study area. (Less than Significant) 3.5.3 Mitigation The following mitigation measures will be included in the project to reduce land use impacts to a less than significant level. 310 SJGIJ.'\WORK 1317B8.RWSFAI00314AE.DOC 3-70 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION Mitigation 3.5.1 Temporary Disruption of Land Uses by Facilities Construction DERWA and/or its member districts will provide advance notification to all land uses adjacent to construction zones,and will provide opportunity for property owner/public input to the construction disruption management process. Mitigation 3.5.2-4ncompatibility with Surrounding Land Uses Program facilities would not result in any significant long-term incompatibilities with current land uses or inconsistencies with planned land uses;therefore,no mitigation is required. Mitigation 3.5.3--Adverse Effects on Future Land Uses Future Program facilities would not result in any significant long-term incompatibilities with current land uses or inconsistencies with planned land uses;therefore,no mitigation is required. 3.5.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Land Use Table 3-13 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for land use.The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison.A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 311 SJC/J.\WORK1231788.RW\EIR\l00314RE.DOC 3-71 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SEMNG,IMPACTS,AND Mt11GAT10N 3.6 Public Services, Utilities, and Energy 3.6.1 Existing Environmental Setting FireServices Fire protection services are provided to the study area by different fire departments. Danville and most of San Ramon receive fire protection from the San Ramon Valley Fire Protection District(SRFPD).South of Montevideo Drive in San Ramon and all of Dublin receive fire protection from Dougherty Regional Fire Authority(DRFA).Pleasanton receives fire protection from the City of Pleasanton Fire Department. There are several fire stations along the pipeline alignments.In Contra Costa County,Fire Station 36(SRFPD)is on Camino Tassajara south of Blackhawk,and serves all of Tassajara - Valley south to the Contra Costa/Alameda County line.In Danville near Blackhawk,Fire Station 35 serves the surrounding vicinity.In San Ramon on Alcosta Boulevard at Bollinger Canyon Road,Fire Station 34 provides service to eastern San Ramon and parts of Danville. At the southern end of Alcosta Boulevard,Fire Station 2(DRF.A.)provides service to southern San Ramon and Dublin.In Pleasanton on Stoneridge Mall Road,Fire Station 2 serves an area that includes the DSRSD treatment plant.All unincorporated areas within the study area are provided fire protection from the nearest fire station to that area.All fire stations listed above are along or near proposed transmission pipeline alignments. Police Services Police protection services are provided to the study area by local police departments.The City of San Ramon facilities are located on Camino Ramon near Norris Canyon.The Town of Danville facilities are located on LaGonda Way off El Cerro.The City of Dublin facilities are located on Civic Plaza Drive and Dublin Boulevard,and the City of Pleasanton facilities are located on Bernal Avenue.Unincorporated areas within the study area are provided police protection by Alameda and Contra Costa County Sheriff Departments. Energy Petroleum and natural gas supply most of the power consumed in California.Petroleum provides about 50 percent of the State's energy need,and natural gas provides about 29 percent.The remaining 21 percent of the State's energy need is provided by a variety of energy resources,including coal,nuclear,geothermal,and hydropower.The two major uses of energy are as fuel for transportation and electricity(ESA, 1996.) The study area is within the electricity and natural gas service of PG&E.Pleasanton,Dublin, San Ramon,Danville,and unincorporated areas are all adequately served by existing electrical and gas distribution facilities.Electricity is provided to the study area via 60 kilovolt(kv)transmission lines which run from.the Radum Park substation near Stanley Boulevard in Pleasanton,along the SPRR tracks and 1-580 to the Camp Parks Substation and on to San Ramon.The transmission line is strung above the ground from towers along 1-580, the SPRR tracks and Stanley Boulevard(ESA, 1996).Energy-related facilities in the study area are located both above-and belowground.A high pressure jet fuel line and fiber optic cables are located belowground in the SPRR. 313 SJR/J:\WORM131788.RW1ElR11 DQ314FlE.DOC 3.73 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SPT W IMPACTS,AND MTGATION Wastewater and Sewage Treatment The wastewater and sewage treatment service areas in the study area vary.Pleasanton, Dublin and a portion of San Ramon wastewater flows to the DSRSD treatment plant. DSRSD effluent from the plant is currently discharged through the Livermore Amador Valley Water Management Agency(LAVWMA)outfall to the East Bay Discharge Authority (EBDA)pipeline and into San Francisco Bay. Danville and parts of San Ramon wastewater flow via pipeline to Central Contra Costa Sanitary District(CCCSD)in Walnut Creek. Effluent from CCCSD is discharged through an outfall line to Suisun Bay. WaterSupply Potable water is supplied to the study area by EBMUD and DSRSD.Danville,San Ramon, and Blackhawk obtain their potable water supply from EBMUD. Dublin obtains its potable water supply from DSRSD.Pleasanton obtains its potable water from the City of Pleasanton.Zone 7 is a wholesaler of potable water to DSRSD and Pleasanton.Potable water lines are generally located belowground in public rights of way and for easements. Solid Waste Solid waste service is provided in the study area by two different agencies. In San Ramon, solid waste service is provided by contract through Valley Waste Management in Walnut Creek. Dublin solid waste service is provided by Livermore-Dublin Disposal of Livermore. Pleasanton solid waste service is provided by Waste Management Authority of San Leandro.In Danville and Blackhawk,solid waste service is provided by Browning Ferris Industries. 3.6.2 Impacts Significance Criteria The project would have a significant impact to public services,utilities,and energy if one or more of the following results are likely to occur: • Substantial degradation of the level of services of a public service or utility • Substantial improvements to infrastructure or level of staffing of a public service or utility necessary to maintain existing levels of service • Relocation of infrastructure • Substantial increase in the use of energy,or use of energy in a manner inconsistent with common energy conservation practices Impact 3.6.1--Interruption of Services and Utilities Municipal and utility services could be delayed or interrupted by construction activities related to the project.This could include re-routing of emergency services,difficulty in reaching service locations,and interruption of gas,electric,water,and other utility services provided to properties along the alignments. (Less than Significant) SJC1JAWORK1131768AMEIR1100314REDOC 3-74 ................................................._.._........... 3 EWIRONMENTAL SETTING,WACTS,AND MMGATi0N Impact 3.6.2--Potential Relocation of Infrastructure Construction within easements and rights-of-way that are used by other agencies or utilities may create situations where pipes,cables,and related appurtenances may need to be temporarily or permanently relocated. (Less than Significant) Impact 3.6.3—increases in Energy Use Construction of Program facilities would require the use of energy resources,mostly derived from non--renewable sources.In addition,direct energy(in the form of electricity and natural gas)would be consumed during operations of Program facilities.The anticipated increase in electricity use of the treatment plant,pumps,ASR wells,and storage tanks for the Recycled Water program would be equal to or less than the energy currently used to treat and pump the secondary effluent through the LAVWMA pipeline over to its San Francisco Bay disposal point. (Less than Significant) 3.6.3 Mitigation Implementation of the following mitigation measures would reduce public services, utilities,and energy impacts to less than significant levels. Mitigation 3.6.1-4nterruption of Services and Utilities Program construction will be in accordance with commonly accepted practices for pipeline and facility development in urban communities.Municipal authorities will provide terms and conditions for construction practices.Agreements will be reached with utilities and service providers on how to avoid service delays and utility interruptions. Mitigation 3.6.2---Potential Relocation of Infrastructure Pre-construction planning and coordination with other agencies and organizations having infrastructure within the pipeline alignments will be conducted as a normal construction practice.All utilities will be identified prior to construction.Approvals for relocation will be obtained,as required. Mitigation 3.6.3--4ncreases in Energy Use The energy required for construction and operation of the Program facilities are not extraordinary. Therefore,no mitigation is required. 3.6.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Public Services, Utilities, and Energy Table 3-14 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for public services,utilities,and energy.The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies. The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison.A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 315 SSC/J:1V ORM131768AMEIR1100314RE.DOC 3-75 s 1 � M � � w E'r tr 9 C,7 H a � .� cn H a 1'tS tt7 a �i a v -- .L1 Ca o C L ,Sp O KY..G w G � u n S9 " Cf 0 d i;r o ou " lgti �t C G `° rn •C � � eet v °� „? O 'MI cn t3 tl.'� .w+ 1604 -lu C9T �� •� � �, ttl 4 G � y G tEt G • y ,,,wG `u ° u aGa — yywr� y G to 'S s G d!' � v Cc: G p � � p O. It -0 z A ? C3 Z � b � J LU 1 i G G G fx u y O v G 4 y a c `" ca c Gcovc LU o u ° o tv tz zi 2- uj 'C C C4 E ui C v 3 EWROW09AL SETTAG,IMPACTS,AND MMGA-nON ail Noise 3.7.1 Existing Environmental Setting The generation of noise from Program construction activities and facility operations will be regulated by the local jurisdictions within the study area according to their own ordinances. These ordinances establish acceptable noise levels and place restrictions,such as the allowable time for construction,on noise-generating activities.Following is a brief discussion of some basic concepts regarding the measurement of noise(acoustics),and a description of the existing noise environment in the study area.Relevant provisions of local noise ordinances are also described. Fundamentals of Acoustics The unit dBA is an adjusted,or"A"weighted,description of noise levels as measured on the decibel(dB)scale,which indicates the amplitude of sound.The A-weighting of decibels reflects the fact that human hearing is less sensitive at low frequencies and extreme high frequencies than in mid-range frequencies.Table 3-15 presents typical dBA levels measured in the environment and in industry for reference. Although the dBA noise level may adequately indicate the level of environmental noise at any instant in time,community noise levels continuously vary.Most environmental noise includes a conglomeration of noise from distant sources,which creates a relatively steady background noise in which no particular source is identifiable.To describe the time-varying character of environmental noise,the statistical noise descriptor L,is commonly used.The L,,, is the energy-averaged dBA noise level during a stated period of time(e.g.,hourly). With regard to increases in A-weighted noise levels,knowledge of the following relationships will be helpful in understanding this section of the BIR. • Except in carefully controlled laboratory experiments,a change of 1 dB cannot be perceived. • Outside of the laboratory,a 3 dB change is considered a just-perceivable difference. • A change in level of at least 5 dB is noticeable. • A 10 dB change is subjectively heard as approximately a doubling in loudness. 317 SJCIJ.tWO,gKt131768.RMEIM100314RE.DOC 3-77 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION TABLE 3-15 Typical Environmental Noise Levels A-Weighted Sound At a Given Distance From Subjective Level in Decibels Noise Source Noise Environments Impression 130 Civil Defense Siren(100') 120 Jet Takeoff(200') Pain Threshold 110 Rock Music Concert 100 Pile Driver(50') Very Loud -95 Ambulance Siren(100') 90 Boiler Room 85 Freight Cars(50') Printing Press Plant 80 Pneumatic Drill(50') In Kitchen with Garbage Disposal Running -75 Freeway(100') 70 Moderately Loud 60 Vacuum Cleaner(10') Data Processing Center -55 Department Store 50 Light Traffic(10(Y) Private Business Office -45 Large Transformer(200') 40 Quiet 30 Soft Whisper(5') Quiet Bedroom 20 Recording Studio 10 Threshold of Hearing Source: CH2M HILL, 1994 Existing Nome Environment The study area is exposed to a wide range of ambient noise sources.Vehicular traffic on freeways and major thoroughfares is the primary source of noise in the study area.Noise levels along and adjacent to 1-680 are about 70 to 80 dB(day/night average),and about 60 to 65 dB along major thoroughfares such as Blackhawk Road,Crow Canyon Road,Alcosta Boulevard,and Camino Tassajara. Background noise in neighborhoods without heavy traffic can be as high as 50 or 60 dB.Other noise sources include Camp Parks Reserve Forces Training Area military operations and training,and overflights from Livermore Airfield. A variety of sensitive noise receptors,including residential areas, schools,churches,and hospitals,are present in parts of the study area,especially along the proposed pipeline routes. Regulatory Background Noise generated by construction activities and facilities operations are regulated within the study area by local noise ordinances. Noise restrictions are generally more stringent in residential areas,where background noise levels are lower and where sensitive noise receptors are more common.Noise restrictions are generally less stringent in commercial areas,where higher background noise levels are present and where people are engaged in work-related activities for which these higher background noise levels are not disruptive.A 318 SJCIJ:\WORK1131768.RMEIR1100314RE.00C 3-78 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION summary of the relevant noise ordinances from jurisdictions in the study area is provided below. Danville,The Danville Municipal Code prohibits the operation or performance of construction work within or adjacent to a residential district except during Monday through Friday,7:30 a.m.to 7:00 p.m.,and Saturday,Sunday and holidays,9:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m.An exception permit may be granted if particular criteria are met,including mitigation measures and absence of any objection from nearby residents or businesses. - SanRamon.The Noise Element of the San Ramon General Plan has a policy to minimize noise emanating from temporary activities and restricts the hours of operation for a variety of noise sources.Some form of noise mitigation is required for all projects that have noise exposure greater than"normally acceptable"levels,which include up to 60 dB in residential areas and around sensitive noise receptors such as churches,schools and hospitals,and up to 70 dB for playgrounds and neighborhood parks.Construction is allowed between 7:30 a.m. to 7:00 p.m.Monday through Friday,and 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.on Saturdays and Sundays.No construction is allowed on holidays. Dublin.The City of Dublin establishes project specific hours during which construction activities are allowed.The hours depend in part on proximity to residential areas,and are part of the conditions of approval for development. Pleasanton.The City of Pleasanton determines permitted hours for construction on a case- by-case basis,but the hours are typically Monday through Saturday,8:00 a.m.to 8:00 p.m., and Sundays and holidays, 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. Alameda County.The Noise,Element of the Alameda County Plan(East County area) identifies noise/land use compatibility guidelines for development in the unincorporated portions of Alameda County and contains policies addressing community noise issues (Alameda County, 1994).For noise-sensitive land uses (residences,schools,churches, hospitals,etc.),the Noise Element compatibility guidelines indicate that noise levels up to 60 dB Ldn are clearly acceptable.The County has no noise ordinance outside of the General Plan. Contra Costa County.The Contra Costa County General Plan contains the following noise policies: • The standard of outdoor noise levels in residential areas is an L,,t of 60 dB. However,an L.,of 60 dB or less may not be achievable in all residential areas due to economic or aesthetic constraints. • Construction activities shall be concentrated during hours that are not noise-sensitive for adjacent land uses,and should be commissioned to occur during normal work hours to provide relative quiet during the more sensitive evening and early morning hours. • Noise impacts on the natural environment,including impacts on wildlife,shall be evaluated and considered in review of development projects. 319 SJC/J.\WORK\131788.RiMEM100314RE.DOC 3-79 3 EWRONMENTALSMNG,IWACTS,AND MT[GnON 3.7.2 Impacts Significance Criteria The construction and/or operation of the proposed project mould result in significant noise impacts if these activities would result in the exceedance of relevant noise regulations.As indicated previously, a 3 dBA increase in ambient noise levels represents a threshold at which most people can detect a slight change to the noise environment.For the purposes of this EtR,a 3 dBA increase from operation noise will be considered a significant impact. Impact 3.7.1—Temporary Noise Levet Increases from Construction Construction of Program facilities would#emporarily increase noise levels adjacent to the construction area. Heavy equipment,such as backhoes and dump trucks,as well as compressors,would be used.ASR well sites would require the use of a drill rig for a period of one week,..and the use of a backhoe/loader for 11h months.Construction equipment would be in operation only during daytime hours. (Significant) The USEPA has estimated that the excavation phase of public works projects,such as pipeline construction,produces an L,of up to 89 dBA at 50 feet from the center of excavation activity.According to EPA,other phases of work such as laying pipe and finishing,produce equal or lower noise levels(70 to 89 dBA)at 50 feet. At 25 feet,noise levels may be as high as 95 dBA.These noise levels diminish with distance,and are about 51 to 69 dBA at 500 feet.The chart below shows typical construction equipment noise levels. x' Construction Equipment Noise Level(dBAY Front Loaders 79 Compressors 81 Cranes 83 Trucks 91 Pavers 89 Backhoes 88 'Average noise level 50 feet from the source Impact 3.7.2---Increase Noise Levels from Program Operations Pump station and ASR well pumps could increase ambient noise levels. Although the pump station pumps are rated as generating up to 90 dB at 3 meters within the station,the pump stations would be located within enclosed structures designed to baffle sound transmitted to the exterior environment to acceptable levels.No additional machinery capable of generating substantial levels of noise would be used routinely. (Potentially Significant) 320 SJCIJ:IWOR#t1131768.RW1E1Rt100314RE.DOC 3-80 3 EWlRONMSWAL SET M,IMPACTS,AND MMGAn Nd 3.7.3 Mitigation The following mitigation measures would be incorporated into the project to reduce noise impacts to a less than significant level. Mitigation 3.7.1—Temporary Nolle Level increases from Construction Adherence to local ordinances regulating hours of construction would minimize the potential for sleep disturbance and annoyance,because heavy construction would be limited to daytime hours.All equipment would be equipped with mufflers equal or superior in noise attenuation to those provided by the manufacturer of the equipment.In addition,idling equipment would be shut off and temporary or portable acoustic barriers would be installed around stationary construction noise sources that,are located in proximity to potentially sensitive.noise receptors. For the ASR well drilling,all residents and sensitive receptors near the drilling locations would be notified in advance of construction.In noise-sensitive locations,such as residential neighborhoods or near parkas,schools,churches,and medical facilities,well drilling would be limited to the daytime hours(8.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m.,Monday through Saturday)and the drill rig would be acoustically shielded to the extent possible. Mitigation 3.7.2-4ncreased Noise Levels from program Operations Pump stations will be either in underground vaults or aboveground structures.They will be enclosed in structures designed to minimize noise to acceptable levels at the nearest sensitive receptor.Once enclosed,pump sound baffling is readily achieved. 3.7.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Noise Table 3-16 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for noise.The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison. A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 321 SJCIJ,\WOPK\131768.RMMR\t04314RE.DW 3.81 C9 C\2 M cv as NM w y G O a O F 6 r w y w .V {.1 VM F� G 79 O .a :d '� Y .a _ c ., Owl c i m p o a •G a pp2L2 O a w a! ri G al d ' .�y X E y 4� v �s tu fm a, 'C ns b . ou .G vu ° CL oo > u O c y 1 ro do —m ate v n m G y Ei :2 N J33 m m �+ O C > b w J �1 G y d� a ai G O y tC Z G W_ u .a. u 'C G O m yt�b,n b �i � y av y p o •5 7 � .a � � � � _ ba.• Lu1. a p Es b O ' •� > .y 41 :w3 U Dr �• al ,> •y,Y M o y .LS _ ro .G � 0 � � � a ry .4 'tAaiso ton O G a y 6 y '1i ` G w CG 3 C v > C Oa�ion. om aa2s >o � tr^ d! tG y w y y N E > sp. "" •y �`• CSS V y Q u O RS , v j., b,,ara i � N G•'tl eC pp w.�. V = 7 'o O w G M CU > 3 — y N W ut G u 'p G �, N D. G as •,.• �i d bD M a N >> rG d _ cu .2 w x .uC u G v �3 d y C3, N 61 .D 2O r CL G Z E 2 a O S w b O i `, m ,O y '4.' v .i u v O a N V1 w N C� w O y y w V G G a E itU wa ,O 9 G tz GO 'CJ i y .0 1 Gti O rU3 �j ui 13 c r j U 'O ai G y •CS r~.y' �`�". .� `� 3 r a, ai fE � ,y O y is O y c*•. q .i7 G G CS. h � d � •� 'Q co L: d O > Cn y ru„' `uD > a, V rGj p jj U y .L5 'w 3: .:J C, E L: 00 f: Am 3: S? 3 ewso b wAL sEmNG,1MPACTs,AND b#I GArm 3.8 Traffic and Circulation 3.8.1 Existing Environmental Setting Major roadways passim through the study area in a north-south direction include 1-680, San Ramon Valley Boulevard,Alcosta Boulevard,Dougherty Road,andCaminoTassajara. Major east-west roadways include I-580,Dublin Boulevard,Bollinger Canyon Road,Craw Canyon Road,and Dorris Carryon Road.Figure 3-20 shows the regional traffic network. Existing daily traffic volumes on roadways in the study area are shown.in Table 3-17. Transit Services Transit service in the study area is currently provided by two local transit agencies and BART Express.buses.The Central Contra Costa Transit Authority(CCCTA)provides service in Central.Contra Costa County;and the Livermore Amador Valley Transit Authority provides service in Alameda County. CCCTA provides local bus service to Danville and San Ramon,with service concentrated along the 1-680 corridor.The primary route in the corridor,Route 121,mainly follows San Ramon Valley Boulevard on the western side of 1-680 and various surface streets along the eastern side of 1-680.This line extends into Alameda County,serving the Stoneridge Mall. Route 122 follows Diablo Road through Danville and Camino Tassajara Road through San Ramon,and serves the Bishop Ranch Business Park. Livermore-Amador'Valley Transit Authority provides local bus service(known as WHEELS)in Dublin,Pleasanton and Livermore.Service is provided on Dougherty.road as far north as Aador Valley Boulevard. Bay Area Rapid Transit(BART)Express Bus service provides connections to BART stations. Express buses along the 1-680 corridor provide service between the San Ramon,Danville, and Dublin areas and the Walnut Creek and Lafayette BART stations.This route follows San Ramon Valley Boulevard south to Dublin,through Bishop lunch Business Park and returns the same route.Another BART Express route follows 1-680 to Crow Canyon Road to Camino Raman and around Bollinger Canyon Road. BART is developing a new rail line and stations to connect the area to the baywide rapid rail system.A new station is being developed along 1-580,east of 1-680.This is the Dublin- Pleasanton station.The new station is scheduled to open in late 1996 or early 1997.The Recycled Water Program will not affect the line or the stations,as the transmission facilities will pass under the rail alignment. Bike Paths and Trails There are numerous existing bicycle facilities,or bikeways,in the study area. Bicycle facilities are designated as either a Class 1,Class H,or Class HI bikeway.Class I bikeways are bike paths with exclusive right-cif-way and minimal cross flow by motorized vehicles. Class H bikeways are bike lanes striped within the paved areas of roadways and established for the preferential use of bicycles.Class 111 bikeways are bike routes on streets or sidewalks that allow shared use of bicycles with vehicle or pedestrian traffic. 323 SJCIJ'.\WORM131768.RVIAElMl 00314,qE.DOC 3,83 r� TSG �t D E�LEFfKj . N aLVOa gG 0 ti M Not 7a Scale { Svc>t►K7 rz � r �`� � w�C fsisaY Y•raiY+e+ D i4YYYMYYYM• •1 M�IIIIiYYOUYYi.Y +` « p41GiL1 ' •SOLL R ct p * 'ANYON AD � y W EZq RAGS 'Q({r1 ` •+++, +� ERE `. ^: _ �G ; Z: � � x pC t \ Y ' ,ta7ON r E S1R u z 1� r r x,10 ty FIGURE 3.24 309.14 REGIONAL TRAFFIC NETWORK Source: Dougherty Valley Specific Flan and EIR. June 1992. 3-84 3 f TS$.RYI OE CWr7/LL . TABLE 3-17 Existing Daily Traffic Volumes on Roadways in Study Area Daily Traffic Roadway Location (vpd)• City of Pleasanton: 1-580 east of 1.680 164,000 west of Et Charro Road 147,000 1-680 south of 1-580 119;000 Hopyard Road north of Stoneridge Drive 24,000 north of Owens Drive 32,000 Johnson Drive north of Owens Drive 9,500 City of Dublin 1-680 north of 1-580 115,000 Dublin Boulevard east of Village Parkway 22,100 west of Dougherty Road 7,900 Amador Dalley Boulevard east of Village Parkway 11,950 west of Southern Pacific right-of-way 10,450 Village Parkway north of Amador Valley Boulevard 17,300 north of Dublin Boulevard 16,000 Dougherty Road north of Southern Pacific right-of-way 17,500 between 1-580 and Dublin Boulevard 43,500 Sierra Court north of Dublin Boulevard 3,750 City of San Ramon: Alcosta Boulevard east of Village Parkway 9,000 west of Village Parkway 25,000 Pine Valley Road west of Alcosta Boulevard 3,400 Village Parkway south of Alcosta Boulevard 10,300 Broadmoore Drive north of Pine Valley Road 6,750 Dougherty Road south of Crow Canyon 5,800 Crow Canyon Road west of Dougherty Road 17,500 El Capitan Drive north of Crow Canyon 9,100 Bollinger Canyon east of 1-680 36,500 Camino Tassajara west of Blackhawk Road 20,040 Town of Danville: Blackhawk Road north of Camino Tassajara 16,934 Camino Tassajara east of Blackhawk-Crow Canyon 17,022 Crow Canyon Road south of Camino Tassajara 20,233 El Capitan Drive north of Crow Canyon 8,629 Alameda County. El Charro Road south of 1-580 5,670 Tassajara Road south of County line °vpd=vehicles per day Sources: Caltrans, 1995;City of Dublin, 1993,City of Pleasanton, 1996;City of San Ramon, 1996;Town of Danville, 1995. 325 SJCI,I tWORK1131768.RMEIH\TABL3-17.DW 3-85 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SEMNG,IMPACTS,ANO Mfi(GOON The East Bay Regional Parks District(EBRPD)is in the process of constructing the Iron Horse Trail from Walnut Creels to the Contra Costa/Alameda County Line and beyond to the Dublin BART Station.This trail will follow the Southern.Pacific Railroad corridor for most of the way,providing a non-motorized transportation facility for pedestrians,bicycles and equestrians.When completed,the entire trail will span 35 miles,connect nine cities and two counties,and provide access to three BART stations(Pleasant Hill,Walnut Creek,and Dublin when opened).Currently the trail has been constructed from Newell Avenue in Walnut Creek to Pine Valley Road in San.Ramon. During 1996,the trail will be extended from Pine Valley Road to the Contra Costa/Alameda County Line along the Southern. Pacific Railroad corridor. Regulatory Background Existing ordinances and standards for the town of Danville,cities of San Ramon,Dublin, and Pleasanton,and Alameda/Contra Costa Counties impose restrictions for permissible hours of work,traffic management requirements,and replacement of disturbed pavement. These standards are slightly different for each jurisdiction,but address the critical issues of public safety,property access,and equipment and material storage.Each construction project is evaluated on an individual basis to develop construction and traffic management plans that meet local standards.Following is a breakdown of individual policies and/or standards for construction: Danville.Hours permitted for construction activity: Monday to Friday 7:30 a.m.-7:00 p.m. Saturday,Sunday and Holidays 9:00 a.m.-7:00 p.m. Each project is evaluated individually for permissible hours for construction.The Town does not allow early morning start-up,construction activity during peak commute hours, or a reduction in travel lanes. A traffic management plan is required as part of the construction permit approval.Specific provisions for private property access,drainage,storage of materials and equipment,mud control,and safe sight distances are required.The Town evaluates individual projects for pavement replacement requirements. San Ramon.Hours permitted for construction activity: Monday to Friday 7:30 a.m. -7:00 p.m. Saturday and Sunday 9:00 a.m. -6:00 p.m. No Holidays Construction projects are evaluated on a case by case basis for traffic management requirements and hours permitted for construction.A traffic management plan is required as part of the project approval process.The City of San Racoon has a Pavement Management System indicating planned roadway surface improvements.This City plan provides for a 2-year moratorium on pavement disruption from the date any surface treatments have been performed. Major surface improvements including a.full surface overlay,landscaping,and lighting will be implemented in 1996 on Alcosta Boulevard at locations between Crow Canyon Road and San Ramon Valley Road in the northbound and southbound directions. 3?6 SJC/JAWORO31768.RWOMI00314RE.DOG 3-86 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SEMNG,IMPACTS,AND MMGATIdN Dublin. Hours permitted for construction activity: Standard hours of construction,7:301 a.m.-5:00 p.m.On the main arterial roadways,lane closures are permitted between 9:00 a.m.to 3:30 p.rn. Projects are individually considered for the hours permitted for construction activity,based on proximity to residential areas and main arterial roadways.The City requires a traffic control plan based on the State standards to be submittedprior to construction. The City requires boring of pavement surfaces less than three years old.Dublin Boulevard is scheduled to be resurfaced in 1996. Pleasanton.Hours permitted for construction activity: Monday through Saturday 8:00 a.m.-8:00 p.m. Sunday and Holidays 10:00 a.m -6:00 p.m. Construction projects are individually considered for allowable hours of construction. Alameda and Contra Costa Counties Alameda and Contra Costa Counties do not have specific ordinances with restrictions on infrastructure or roadway work in county rights of way. Each project is evaluated individually.In general,construction in county roadways is limited to weekdays between the hours of 7:00.a .and 5:00 p.m.,with restrictions on weekends and during sensitive hours. Truck Routes,Truck routes on local arterial roadways vary from city to city.The City of San Raman does not allow trucks on Crow Canyon Boulevard west of the city limits,or on parts of Alcosta Boulevard.The City of Dublin does not have designated routes for truck traffic; however they do not allow trucks on residential streets unless delivery to a residence is involved.The Town of Danville has two defined routes,Camino Tassajara between Sycamore Valley Road and Blac hawk Road,and.Sycamore Valley Road between 1-680 and Camino Tassajara.The City of Pleasanton has three routes: 1)Stanley Boulevard to ist Street to Sunol Boulevard to I-680,2)Stanley Boulevard to Valley Avenue to Sunol Boulevard to 1-680,and 3)I-680 to Stoneridge Drive to West Las Positas Boulevard to Santa Rita Road. A separate route has been defined for gravel trucks through Pleasanton.Trucks must use Stanley Boulevard to Valley Avenue to Busch Road to El Charro Read. 3.8.2 Impacts Significance Criteria According to CEQA.guidelines,a project that would cause an increase in traffic that is substantial in relation to the existing load and capacity of the street system is considered to have a significant impact on the environment. The project is considered to have a potentially significant impact where pipelines would be installed within roadways or across major streets which are important to local circulation. Projects are also considered to have a potentially significant impact if * Construction activity significantly affects local transit service SJCIJ:\WORK\131768.RMEf R\100314RE.DCC 3.87 327 3 EWRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MMIGAMON • Construction activity signs scantly impedes general access to local adjacent land uses, including emergency access • Traffic flaw would be made less safe • Movement of heavier vehicles would cause substantial damage or wear of public roadways The project will require installation of transmission and distribution pipelines in local streets.Current traffic impact standards used in Danville,San Ramon and Dublin address peak hour level of service,property access,and noise.City guidelines address construction traffic issues by prohibiting certain kinds of activity in the peak hours,as noted in Section 3.8.1.Therefore,the potential impacts of this project are expected during off-peak hours. Potential impacts could occur during construction of the DERWA pipelines,which will involve cut and cover trenching in the travel lanes along the pipeline route.The initial construction will involve installation of pipeline in areas that are already developed. As areas are built out,the pipeline will be extended to service new development as the roadways to these developments are constructed.Table 3-18 identifies the.major streets that would be affected by pipeline installation. The pipeline will be installed in an open trench in the street,then covered over,and the streets repaved as the construction progressed.The pipeline design involves up to a 30-inch diameter pipe.Construction right-of-way is expected to be 50 feet or less. Potential traffic impacts could occur in two areas,including(1)traffic flow obstructions from lane closures and/or diversions,and(2)property access restrictions from trenching activities.However,given the activities required by the local jurisdictions in the traffic management and construction plans and the existing traffic and circulation setting,traffic obstruction and access restrictions would not represent a significant impact. The capacities of selected roadways,the limited area required for construction,the short-terse nature of construction and adherence to applicable city and state construction standards would all serve to ensure that the resulting impacts to traffic and circulation would be less than significant. Because adequate vehicle traffic flow and property access would be maintained,and the cities'requirement for traffic management and public safety would be met, the pipeline project would not significantly affect the ability of emergency vehicles,including ambulance,police,and fire vehicles,to pass through or reach destinations within.the Construction Zones. Once the pipeline is installed,the project will not result in increased or additional traffic through the study area.Maintenance crews will access pump stations and tanks;however, these trips are expected to be insignificant and will not affect the existing level of service. 328 SJCIJ.\WORK\131766.RW\EIR\100314RE.DM 3.88 TABLE 3.18 Summary of Alignment/intersections Affected by Pipeline Installation Travel Bike Alignment Major Intersection Lanes/Parking Transit Path Special Features Alcosta Boulevard Alcosta Blvd.at Bollinger 4 lanes,no street Yes Yes landscaped median and Alignment Canyon Road parking sidewalks Alcosta Boulevard Alcosta Blvd.at Crow Canyon 4 lanes,no street Yes Yes No landscaped median Alignment Road panting Alcosta Boulevard Alcosta Blvd.at Norris Canyon 4 lanes,no street Yes Yes Landscaped median Al" mens Road parkin Alcosta Boulevard Alcosta Blvd.at Village Parkway 4 lanes,some street No Yes Landscaped median Alignment to Bollinger parking Alcosta Boulevard Dublin Blvd.at Village Parkway 4 lanes,no street Yes Landscaped median Alignment parkin Alcosta Boulevard Village Parkway at Amador 4 lanes,no street Yes Yes Landscaped median Alignment Valiq Blvd_to Alcosta Blvd. parlung Common Blackhawk Road north of Crow 4 lanes merges into No No Some landscaped median Transmission Canyon Road 2 lanes,no street and sidewalk areas Alignment parking Common Camino Tassajara Road at 4 lanes that merge No Yes/No Bike paths on 4 lane road Transmission Crow Canyon Road towards into 2,no street cease when road merges into Alignment Pleasanton parking 2 narrow lanes Common Dublin Blvd.at Dougherty Road 4 lanes with some 5 Yes No Landscaped median Transmission lanes,minimal street Alignment pang Common Dublin Blvd.at Village Parkway 4 lanes with some Yes No Landed median Transmission street parking Alignment Common Dublin Blvd.from Camino 2 lanes with no No Yes Road passes future BART Transmission Tassajara Road to Dougherty street parking perking lot entrance and Alignment Road Camp Parks Common Dublin Blvd.from Sierra Court to 4 lanes with little Yes Yes Landscaped median Transmission San Ramon Valley Road street parking Alignment Common Dublin Blvd.west of San Ramon 4 lane that merges No No Landscaped median Transmission Valley Road into 2 lanes,no Alignment street parking Common Johnson Drive from Stoneridge 2 lanes that widen No No Landscaped median in some Transmission Mail Road into 3 and 4 lanes areas Alignment with some lanes having landscaped median,some street parking Common told Ranch Road between 4 lanes,no street No No Landscaped median Transmission Alcosta Blvd.and Dougherty parking Alignment Road Common San Ramon Road at Dublin 6 lanes on San Yes Yes Landscaped median,Dublin Transmission Blvd. Ramon Valley Blvd., Blvd.at this intersection is Alignment no street parki, under construction Common Stoneridge Mall Road 5 lanes that loop Yes No All entrances and exits from Transmission around Stoneridge Stoneridge Mall are through Alignment Mall Road,no street this road parking SPRR RNV Alignment Crow Canyon at Alcosta Blvd.to 4 lanes with no No Yes Landscaped median Camino Tassajara Road street parking,no street parking SPRR RNV Alignment Dublin Blvd.from Dougherty 4 lanes with some Yes Yes Road to Sierra Court street parking SPRR R/W Alignment Dublin Blvd.from Sierra Court to 4 lanes with no No Yes Landscaped median Amador Valley Blvd. street parking SPRR R/W Alignment Sierra Court north from Dublin 2 wide lanes with No No Blvd. street parking 3-88 sjdj:Nwonm131sts.A*E1fV4Wx C 329 29 3 EWIRONMEWAL SE MNG,IMPACTS,AND MIiiUMN Impact 3.8.1—Disturbance of Newly Surfaced Reads Cities in the study-area are implementing pavement improvements throughout their jurisdictions.The City of San Ramon has a pavement management policy which limits disturbance of newly-surfaced roads within 2 years of repaving;Dublin has a similar policy, but the time restriction is 3 years.The proposed pipeline alignment and future extensions may disturb portions of pavement that have been recently resurfaced. (Potentially Significant) Impact 3.8.2--Street and Bicycle Lane Closures Bike and street lane closures(including the Iron Horse Trail)as a result of pipeline construction activities could result in temporary diversions of and impacts to traffic and circulation.Impacts could occur as a result of the extended closure of bike or traffic lanes along heavily traveled roadways,roadways that are narrow,and/or roadways for which no alternative routes are available. (Potentially Significant) Impact 3.8.3y—Disruption of Transit Service Pipeline construction may impede pedestrian and/or transit access to transit stops. Although buses would generally be able to continue to use roadways during construction with minimal disruption,access to bus stops may be affected when construction crews are working in front of the stops. (Less than Significant) Impact 3.8.4—Disruption of Access to Adjacent Properties Access to properties along the construction route may be temporarily impeded due to trenching,materials,and equipment.This can be an inconvenience to some and a significant problem for others,particularly commercial business,schools,hospitals,and emergency services. (Potentially Significant) 3.8.3 Mitigation The following mitigation measures will be incorporated into the project to reduce significant impacts related to traffic and circulation to less than significant levels. Mitigation 3.8.1---Disturbance of Newly Surfaced Roads DERWA or its contractor shall restore any disrupted pavement to a condition equal to that prior to construction.Individual cities'pavement resurfacing policies shall be adhered to and an effort to minimize disruption of pavement will be considered where possible. Mitigation 3.8.2—Street and Bicycle lane Closures DERWA or its contractor shall prepare traffic management plans in accordance with local jurisdiction standards. Plans shall address bike and vehicle travel through construction .zones and the use of flaggers and off-peak construction hours.Coordination with EBRPD will be necessary to maintain adequate access along the Iron Horse Trail,and at intersection crossings. Cones and/or other similar temporary traffic flow control devices would be used where necessary to establish bike and/or vehicle lanes through construction zones to protect bicyclists from construction activities and vehicle traffic,and to provide for adequate vehicle movement.Where vehicle lanes within heavily traveled roadways would be closed as a result of roadway crossings,lane closure plans should be employed in SJCiJ.1WORK1131788.AMER100314RE= 3.90 330 3 EWIRONMENTAL SEMNG, AND MMGArON accordance with municipal traffic management requirements.Where the width of the roadway would preclude establishing temporary lanes in two directions,and where acceptable detour routes are not available,flaggers would be used to maintain taro-way traffic flow. Mitigation 3.8.3—Disruption of Transit Service DERWA shall coordinate with CCCTA,WHEELS,and BART Express to temporarily relocate.bus stops along roadways during construction,as required to provide uninterrupted service. Mitigation 3.8.4—Disruption of Access to Adjacent properties DERWA or its contractor will minimize the amount of time that access to a property is disrupted.Adjacent property owners will be notified of construction schedules,and a traffic management plan shall be developed that provides for temporary access to properties.For highly sensitive land uses,such as hospitals,schools,and emergency services,access plans will be coordinated with the facility owner or administrator,and the local police departments. 3.8.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Traffic and Circulation Table 3-19 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for traffic and circulation.The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison.A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 331 $JCIJ:\VVORK1131766.RW1EIMI O0314PE.Dor, 3-31 M C'Y) m H M d a c a O E� g cps ~n �a 04 to G C G C y ed 1% m m O O O O u ^ w W4 [ L L 4 4 H H H H �i O w R :1 N U R W �+ Ol N N N O Obed �p Edi 3 3 ' " rs " y 1: a o 5 L O 9 .. 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GATEON 3.9 Biological Resources 3.9.1Existing Environmental Setting For assessing existing biological features contained within the study area,and for assessing impacts to these resources,the study area limits of the main pipeline are assumed to extend no farther than 10 feet from existing pavement on either side of existing roadways or along the Southern Pacific right-of-way.For the most part,the transmission main pipeline will be placed within existing or planned roadways.The proposed pump stations and above- ground tams are generally placed in areas of disturbed non-native grassland habitat or within urban or paved areas to avoid and/or minimize impacts to biological resources. However,several creeks,.minor swales,and springs occur in the vicinity of the study area. Several sources were consulted to obtain information about biological resources known to occur or that potentially could occur in the DERWA study area.The California Department of Fish and Game(CDFG)California Natural Diversity Data.Base(CNDDB 1995)was searched for records of reported occurrences of special status species for the following USES Quadrangles: Dublin,Diablo,Livermore,and Tassajara.Other useful sources include California Native Plant Society's(CNPS)Inventory of Rare and Endangered Vascular Plants of California,project reports and associated Environmental Impact Reports from the study area,related reports,and personal communication with resources agencies. Special status species known to occur or that potentially could occur in the study area were identified and are shown in Table 3-20.Special status species are those listed as endangered, threatened or rare,or candidates for listing by the US Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS), and./car the CDFG,or as rare,threatened or endangered plants (Lists 1-4)developed by CN'S,or are species of special concern or special interest to the CDFG. Two reconrmssance4evel field visits were conducted on January 26,and February 23, 1996, to assess the potential for special status species occurrence in the study area.During these field visits,information on existing biological resources such as dominant vegetation type, potential wetlands features, and overall site conditions were noted.No special status species surveys were conducted during these reconnaissance-level field visits. Vegetation Three vegetation types were identified within the study area.These habitat types are: 1)non-native grassland,2)landscaped vegetation,and 3)willow riparian woodland. Non-native grassland is the most commonly encountered vegetation type in the eastern portion of the study area,in the vicinity of Dougherty Road and Camino Tassajara. This vegetation type occurs in large expanses across gently rolling to steeper hillsides,as well as in discontinuous minor occurrences throughout the western portion of the study area. Scattered throughout urban areas are vacant lots,undeveloped residential buffers,or steep, unbuildable hillsides that are dominated by non-native grassland vegetation that contains numerous ruderal species. ';JCIJkWORK\131768.RWtEiR\100314RE.DOC 3-94 r� 333 3 EWIRONMEWAL SEMNG,71NG,PAPACTS,AND MITtGAAT;ON Table 3-20 Special Status Species Potentially Occurring in Study Area Habitat Types Page 1 of 7 Scientific and status Habitat Habitat Present In Potential to Occur In the Common Name Federal*lStatefCNPS theStudy.Area Study Area Plants Amsincida grandifIora E/E/IB Open grassy slopes below 370 Disturbed non- Only three populations large-flowered meters with light soils on native grassland of the large-flowered fiddleneck steep north or east-facing habitat occurs fiddlerteck are known.It slopes. scattered throughout is unlikely this species the study area. would occur. Atriplex cordulata C21Nonetl B Alkali sink seasonal wetlands, Disturbed non-native Although marginal heartseale scalds and sparsely vegetated grassland habitat grassland habitat exists in sites in valley sink scrub and occurs scattered the surly area,it is alkali meadows below 200 throughout the study extremely unlikely that this meters. area.No alkaline species would occur. habitats were Additional site-specific identified during surveys are necessary to reconnaissance-level determine whether alkaline survey or literature areas are present. searches. Atriplexioaquiniana C2/None/IB Chenopod scrub,alkali meadow, No alkaline habitats It is unlikely that this San Joaquin saltbush and alkali flat habitats below 300 were identified during species would occur within ` meters, mconnaissance level the study area.Additional survey or literature site-specific surveys are searches, necessary to determine whether alkaline habitats are present. Atriplex patishii C21PiottellB Alkali flats,grasslands and Disturbed non-native Species only collected once Parish's salt bush sparsely vegetated sites below grassland habitat since 1974,presumed 200 ureters, occurs scattered extinct.It is extremely throughout the study unlikely that this species area. would occur. Balsamorhiur macrolepis NoneJNcme(I B Open grassy slopes and valleys, Disturbed non-native Although habitat is var.macrolepis generally below 1,400 meters. grassland habitat disturbed,this species balsamroot occurs scattered potentially could occur. throughout the study area, Cordylcuuhus palmatus FRjlB Chenopod scrub,alkaline valley No allmhne habitats Additional site-specific palmate-bracted bird's- and foothill grassland habitats, were identified during surveys are necessary to beak below 100 meters. the reconnaissance- determine whether alkaline level survey or habitats exist in the study literature searches, area.This species is known from approximately six extant populations.It is extremely unlikely that this species would occur. Cryptanrha hoover. NoneNonel4 Coarse sandy areas in grasslands Disturbed non-native It is unlikely this species Hoover's cryptantha (Proposed for CLAPS below 150 ureters. grassland habitat would occur. List IB) occurs scattered throughout the study area. Delphinium recurvarum C21NonellB Poorly drained,fine,alkaline No alkaline habitats It is unlikely that this recurved larkspur (Proposed for CLAPS soils in grasslands and Aoiplex were identified during species would occur within List 4) scrub habitats between 30 and the reconnaissance- the study area.Additional 600 meters. level survey or site-specific surveys are literature searches. necessary to determine whether alkaline habitats are present. Eriogonom truncarum C3a/Nonel I A Dry,exposed clay or rock Disturbed non-native This species was last seen Mt.Diablo buckwheat surfaces between 300 to 600 grassland habitat in i940,is believed meters within chaparral,coastal occurs scattered extirpated,and it is scrub,valley and foothill throughout the study extremely unlikely this land habitat. area. species would occur. SdC1J:tWORKC 131768.RVNEiR1100314RE.DOC 3'95 334 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION Table 3-20 Special Status Species Potentially Occurring in Study Area Habitat Types P e2of7 Scientific and Status Habitat Habitat Present In Potential to Occur In the Common Name Federal*/State/CNPS the Situdy Area S!ada Area Fschscholzla rhombiperala C2/NonellA Dry,gravely or grassy slopes, Disturbed non-native This species was last seen diamond-petaled bedrock outcrops,thin,rocky soil grassland habitat in 1950,is possibly extinct, California poppy in grassland,woodland,and occurs scattered and is extremely unlikely to chaparral habitats,below throughout the study occur. 500 meters. area. FrWlaria agrestis C3c/None/4 Heavy adobe soils in grassland Disturbed non-native Although this habitat is stinkbells (Proposed for CNPS and oak woodland habitats below grassland habitat disturbed,this species ddisting) 200 meters. occurs scattered potentially could occur. throughout the study area. FnnUana h1taceae C2/None/IB Heavy clay soil,grassland and Disturbed non-native Although this habitat is fragrant fritillary (Proposed for List 4) woodland and occasionally on grassland habitat disturbed,this species serpentine below 200 meters. occurs scattered potentially could occur. thuvughout the study area. Hehanthella caswnea C2/None/IB Grassy slopes,openings in Disturbed non-native Although this habitat is Diablo rock-hose woodland or chaparral between , grassland habitat disturtsed,this species 200 and 1,300 meters. occurs scattered potentially could occur. throughout the study area. HeWwnia parryi ssp. Cl/None/IB Valley and foothill alkaline Disturbed non-native Ibis species is believed to congdon i grassland habitat below 100 grassland habitat be extirpated,and it is Congdon's tarplant meters. occurs scattered unlikely to occur. throughout the study area. Lasthenia conjugens PE/None/IB Vernal pools at low elevations in Disturbed non-native This species is known from Contra Costa goldfields grassland habitats below 100 grassland habitat only four occurrences after meters. reccurs scattered comprehensive 1993 throughout the study surveys.It is believed to be area. extirpated from the study area vicinity,and it is extremely unlikely this species would occur. Maida radiata None/None/IB Grassy slopes in valley foothill Disturbed non-native This species occurs only in showy maida grassland and woodland habitat grassland habitat a few scattered places on at elevations below 900 meters. occurs scattered private lands,and it is throughout the study believed to be extirpated area from the vicinity of the study area.It is extremely unlikely this species would occur. Micropus anWhibolus None/None/4 Bare,grassy,or rocky or gravely Disturbed non-native Although this habitat is [Stylocline amWhibolaJ soils between 50 and 800 meters. grassland habitat disturbed,this species M€.Diablo cortonweed occurs scattered potentially could occur. throughout the study area. Plagiobothrys glaber C3a/None/1 A Wet,alkaline soils in valleys and No alkaline habitats This species was last seen hairless popcorn flower coastal marshes,below 100 were identified during in 1954 and is presumed meters, the reconnaissance- extinct.It is extremely level survey or unlikely this species would literature searches. occur.Additional site- specific surveys are necessary to determine whether alkaline habitats are present. Ranunculus lobbii None/None/4 Grassland and woodland habitats, Disturbed non-native It is unlikely this species LobVs aquatic buttercup below 300 ureters,generally in grassland habitat would occur. wet or ponded areas. occurs scattered throughout the study arra. SJO/J.\WORK1131768.PMEIM100314RE.Dx 3-96 335 3 ENVIRONMENTAL sETTING,IMPACTS,AND WTIGATION Table 3-20 Special Status Species Potentially Occurring in Study Area Habitat Types _Page 3 of 7 Scientific and status Habitat Habitat Present In Potential.to Occur In the Common Name Federal*/State/CNPS the StuL Area Study Area Tnffbhum amoenum Proposed Moist,heavy soils in disturbed Disturbed non-native This species is presumed showy Indian clover Endangered/None/List areas in valley and foothill grassland habitat extirpated from the vicinity IB grassland less than 100 meters. occurs scattered of the study arca.It is 1 throughout the study extremely unlikely that this area. species would occur. Tropidocarpum C2/None/IA Alkaline valley and foothill No alkaline habitats This species was last seen capparldeum grassland habitat below 200 were identified during in 1957 and is presumed caper-fruited meters. the reconnaissance- extinct.It is extremely tropidocarpum level survey or unlikely that this species literature searchm would occur. Animals Invertebrates Hetminthogtypta C2/None Prefers rock piles,but sometimes Disturbed non-native This species has been nicMniana bridgesi colonies under tall grasses and _ grassland habitat collected only I5 times Bridge's Coast Range weeds and in oak woodlands. occurs scattered during the last century.This shoulderband snail throughout the study species is unlikely to occur. area. Insects Hydrochara ricksecken' C2/None Permanent or semi-permanent Portions of Alamo and Few permanent water Ricksecke es water water sources. Tassajam Creeks, sources occur in the study scavenger beetle stock ponds and area;however,this species drainage ditches could potentially could occur, be suitable habitat. 13ygrotas curvipes C2/None Alkali sinks,small ponds, No alkaline habitats Additional site-specific curved-foot hygrotus roadside ditches,intermittent were identified during surveys are necessary to diving beetle streams,and other seasonal the reconnaissance- determine whether alkaline wetlands. level survey or habitats are present literature searches. lshnura gemina C3/None Slow-moving drainages with Portions of Alamo and Marginal emergent San Francisco forktailed some emergent vegetation. Tassajara Creeks, vegetation is present in the damselfly stock ponds and study arra,and this species drainage ditches could is unlikely to occur. be suitable habitat. Lytta molester C2/None Moist,soils in seasonal wetlands, No alkaline habitats Additional site-specific = Molestan blister beetle grasslands and vernal pools,in were identified during surveys are necessary to alkaline at=. the reconnaissance- determine whether alkaline level survey or habitats are present. literature searches. Lyna moesta C2/None Moist,soils in seasonal wetlands, No alkaline habitats Additional site-specific Moestan blister beetle grasslands and veinal pools,in were identified during surveys are necessary to alkaline areas. the reconnaissance- determine whether alkaline level survey or habitats are,present. literature sx�rehes. Speyeria callippe callippe PE/None Grasslands. Disturbed non-native Although grassland habitat callippe silverspot grassland habitat in the study area is occurs scattered disturbed,this species throughout the study potentially could occur if area, the silverspot's primary food plant(Viola eduncufara)is prqsept- Amphibians and Reptiles Ambystoma californiense CI/CSC Annual grasslands and grassy Disturbed non-native Suitable habitat has been California tiger salamander woodland understory in areas grassland habitat with identified along portions of with ground squirrel burrows and seasonal water sources Alamo and Tassajam seasonal water sources. occurs scattered Creeks.This species throughout the study potentially could occur. area. SJC/J.iWORK\131788.RMElR1100314RE.DOC 3-97 336 3 ENVIAOW WAL SET't W IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION Table 3•-20 Special Status Species Potentially Occurring in Study Area Habitat Types Page 4 of 7 Scientific and status Habitat Habitat Present In Potential to Occur In the Common Name F+ederal*/State]CNPS the Study Area StuAV Area Phrynosoma coronarism C21CSC Grasslands,bmshlands and Disturbed non-native This species is unlikely to frontals woodlands with loose soils. grassland habitat with occur. California homed lizard seasonal water sources occurs scattered throughout the study area. Clemmys marmorata C21CSC Streams and ponds with Portions of Alamo and Suitable habitat has been marmarara emergent vegetation. Tassajara Creeks, identified along portions of Northwestern pond turtle stock ponds and Alamo and Tassajara drainage ditches could Creeks.This species be suitable habitat. potmtially could occur. Ciemmys marmorata C2JCSC Streams and ponds with Portions of Alamo and Suitable habitat has been pallida emergent vegetation. Tassajam Creeks, identified along portions of Southwestern pond turtle stock ponds and Alamo and Tassajara drainage ditches could Creeks.This species be suitable habitat. potentially could occur. Rana aurora draytonii T/CSC In or near freshwater ponds or Portions of Alamo and Suitable habitat has been California red-legged frog other sources of fresh water Tassajara Creeks, identified along portions of surrounded by annual grasses. stock ponds and Alamo and Tassajara drainage ditches could Creeks.This species be suitable habitat. MiallI could occur. Sce phiopus hamnomii C21CSC Washes and alkali sink habitat. Portions of Alamo and This species potentially hammondi Suitable habitat includes ponded Tassajara Creeks, could occur. Western spadefoot toad arras along creeks with emergent stock ponds and vegetation. drainage ditches could be suitable habitat. Thmmnophis gigas TCT Riparian and other habitats with Portions of Alamo and This species is unlikely to Giant garter snake slow moving water. Tassajara Creeks, occur. stock ponds and drainage ditches could be suitable habitat. Buds Accipter cooperii None1CSC Dense stands of live oak,riparian Riparian arras Foraging habitat is Cooper's hawk deciduous habitats and other adjacent to Alamo and potentially present;nesting forest habitats near water provide Tassajara Creeks may habitat is unlikely to occur. both foraging and nesting habitat provide suitable Larahabitat. Accipter striatus Nom/CSC New in dense,single layered Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is sharp-shinnied hawk deciduous forest canopies near grassland habitat with potentially present;nesting water and forages within seasonal water sources habitat is unlikely to occur, adjacent grasslands. occurs scattered throughout the study area. Agelaiur tricolor C2/CSC Nests colonially in the vicinity of Permanent sources of Foraging and nesting tricolored blackbird freshwater,marshy areas.Prefers freshwater marshy habitat is potentially heavy growths of cattails and areas suitable for present. rules.Feeds in grassland.,near nesting and foraging ponds and croolands. are EMent. Aquila chrysaetos Notte/CSC Nests in cliffs and occasionally in Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is golden eagle tall trees in open areas near grassland habitat potentially present;nesting water.Forages in open habitat occurs scattered habitat is unlikely to occur. such as grasslands and woodland throughout the study savannahs. area. Ardea herordias Nonel**(rookery) Shallow estuaries and fresh and Alamo Creek, Foraging habitat is great blue heron saline emergent wetlands.Nests Tassajara Creek,stock potentially present;nesting in colonies in secluded trees. ponds and drainage habitat is unlikely to occur. ditches would be suitable foraging habitat SdC/J.\WORM131768.fRW\EIR\100314RE.mc 3-98 337 3 EWIRONMENTALSEMNG,IMPACTS,AND MIMAT" Table 3-20 Special Status Species Potentially Occurring in Study Area Habitat Types Page 5 of 7 Scientific and status Habitat Habitat Present In Potential to Occur In the Common Name Federal*/StatelCNPS tate Study Area Studv Area Asio,lJanr eus NoneICSC Forages in open areas with few Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is short-eared owl trees such as salute and grassland habitat with potentially present;nesting freshwater emergent wetlands adjacent seasonal habitat is unlikely to occur. and grasslands.Nests on dry water sources occurs ' ground. scattered throughout the study area Athene cuniculw1a ssp" C21none Found in open,dry,annual or Disturbed non-native Foraging and nesting hypugea perennial grasslands and other grassland habitat habitat potentially could Western burrowing owl habitats characterized by low occurs scattered occur. growing vegetation.Requires the throughout the study Presence of burrowing mammals area.Some areas show such as ground squirrels that evidence of ground provide holes used as nest sites. squirrel burrows, Bureo regalis C2/CSC Forages in woodland habitats and Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is ferruginous hawk adlac ent open grasslands.Only grassland habitat potentially present;nesting nests east of the Sierras in occurs scattered habitat is unlikely to occur. California. throughout the study area. C,asrnerodius albus Nortel**(rookery) Forages in fresh and saline Alamo Creek, Foraging habitat is great egret emergent wetlands.Nests and Tassajara Creek,stock potentially present;nesting roosts in large trees near water. ponds and drainage habitat is unlikely to occur. ditches would be suitable foraging habitat..Adjacent trees could be used for nesting. Cicus eyaneus None/CSC Forages in fresh and saltwater Alamo Creek, Foraging and nesting Northern harrier emergent wetland and grasslands. Tassajam Creek,stock habitat potentially could Nests on the ground in shrubby ponds and drainage occur. vegetation or grassland near ditches,and disturbed water. non-native grasslands would be suitable foraging and nesting habitat. Egrets Thula *,,n J**(rookery) Forages in fresh and saline Alamo Creak, Foraging habitat is snowy egret emergent wetlands.Roosts in Tassajara Creek,stock potentially present;nesting dense emergent vegetation and ponds and drainage habitat is unlikely to occur. nests in trees. ditches would be suitable foraging habitat Adjacent trees could be used for nesting. plexus caeruleus None/None Forages in open grasslands, Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is white-tailed kite (under consideration for woodlands or marshes.Nests in grassland habitat potentially present;nesting CSC) tall trees near foraging habitat. occurs scattered habitat is unlikely to occur. throughout the study aM Eremophila alpesrris acna C3/CSC Forages in grasslands and nests Disturbed non-native Foraging and nesting s California horned lark on the ground. grassland habitat habitat potentially could ; occurs scattered occur. throughout the study area. Falco mexicanus None/CSC Nests in rocky cliffs in the Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is prairie falcon vicinity of open grasslands. grassland habitat potentially present;nesting c Forages over grasslands, occurs scattered habitat is unlikely to occur. savannahs and agricultural fields. throughout the study area. SJClJ:IWORT{t131788.R4IAElR IO0314RE.DOG 3-99 338 3 SWIRONMENTAL SErnw,IMPACTS,AND MMGATION Table 3-20 Special Status Species Potentially occurring in study Area Habitat Types Page 6 of 7 Scientific and Status Habitat Habitat Present In Potential to Occur In the Cdornmon Name Federal•IStaWC NPS the Study Area S!qdy Area Haliaeetus teucocephalus Til:(nesting and Forages over grasslands.New in .Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is bald eagle wintering) large ares near large bodies of grassland habitat potentially present;nesting water. occurs scattered habitat is unlikely to occur, throughout the study area. Lanius ludovirianus NoneICSC Forages over open areas with Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is loggerhead shrike sparse shrubs and trees with low grassland habitat potentially present;Ming herbaceous cover.Nests in dense occurs scattered habitat is unlikely to occur. foliated trees or shrubs. throughout the study area. Martlanals Anrreszous pallidus NonelCSC Crrasslands,woodlands,forests, Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is pallid bat caves,mines,and buildings. grassland habitat potentially present;roosting Prefers rocky outcrops,cliffs,and occurs scattered habitat unlikely to occur, crevices with access to open throughout the study habitats. area,but no suitable arias for cover exist. Hun-Ps peroses C2.1CSC Forages in grasslands and Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is cali}omicus woodlands.Roosts in trees, grassland habitat potentially present;roosting greater western mastiff bat caves,mines,and buildings, occurs scattered habitat is unlikely to occur. throughout the study area,but no suitable areas for cover exist. Myosis clliolahrum C2/None Forages in grasslands and Disturbed non-native Ftmiging habitat is small-footed myotis bat woodlands.Roosts in trees, grassland habitat potentially present;roosting caves,mines,and buildings. occurs in the study habitat is unlikely to occur. area,but no suitable areas for cover exist. Myotis evorir C2/None Forages in grasslands and Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is long-eared myotis bat woodlands.Roosts in trees, grassland habitat potentially present roosting caves,mines,and buildings, occurs scattered habitat is unlikely to occur. throughout the study area,but no suitable areas for cover exist. Myosis thysanvdes C2/None Forages in grasslands and Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is fringed myotis bat woodlands.Roosts in trees, grassland habitat potentially present;roosting caves,mines,and buildings, occurs scattered habitat is unlikely to occur, throughout the study area,but no suitable areas for cover exist. Myosis Volans C2/None Forages in grasslands and Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is long legged myotis bat woodlands.Roosts in trees, grassland habitat potentially present;roosting caves,mines,and buildings, occurs scattered habitat is unlikely to occur. throughout the study arae,but no suitable arras for cover exist. Myosis yumanensis C'21/None Forages in grasslands and Disturbed non-native Foraging habitat is Yuma myotis bat woodlands.Roosts in ares, grassland habitat potentially present,roosting caves,mines,and buildings. occur:scattered habitat is unlikely to occur, throughout the study arra,but no suitable areas for cover exist. Neotoma fusctpes riparia Cl/CSC Occurs in dense willow stands. Some willows occur This species is unlikely to riparian woodrat along Tassajam and occur. Alamo Creeks,but these stands are not dense. SJCIJ:IWO7RM131768.RMEIR\100314RE.Dt7C 3-100 !r�('� JJ 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SEMNS,IMPACTS;AND MMATION 'fable 3-20 Special Status Species Potentially Occurring in Study Area Habitat Types Page 7 of 7 Scientific and Status Habitat Habitat Present In Potential to Occur In the Common Name Federal*lStateIGNPS the SqLdy Area Study Area Perognathus inornarus C2/** Digs burrows in loose soils in Disturbed non-native This species potentially inomarus grasslands or scrub areas. grassland habitat could occur. San Joaquin pocket mouse Forages in grasslands and scrub occurs scattered areas. throughout the study area.. Pteconus townsendii C21CSC Uses rock outcrops,caves,trees, Potential foraging Foraging habitat is townrendd mines,tunnels,or buildings for habitat may exist,but potentially present;roosting Townsend's big-eared bat roosting.Associated with a suitable areas for cover habitat is unlikely to occur. variety of habitats including are not likely. forests,Arasslands and deserts. Taxidea taxus Nonel** Dig burrows and forage in dry, Potential foraging and This species potentially American badger open,herbaceous or shrub areas Benning habitat art could occur. in a vatietv of habitats. t. Vutpes macrosis mutica Elf Prefers annual grasslands or Potential dcn sites This species potentially Sart Joaquin kit fox grassy open areas with scattered could occur in could occur. shrubby vegetation with little disturbed non-native human disturbance.Requires grasslands,in hoose-textured,sandy soils for association with bumswing,and suitable prey ground squirrel base. colonies. Federal Status E: Endangered T: Threatened PE:Proposed endangered C is Federal Candidate with enough biological data on file to support proposal for listing *C2:These species were formerly known as"Category 2 candidates."The USFWS does not have enough scientific information to support a listing proposal for these species.As of February 28,1996,the USFWS no longer maintains a list of Category 2 Candidates.The USFWS is still concerned about these species and continues to gather information about them. C3c:Not a Candidate at present due to widespread distribution of species or absence of threat State Status E: Endangered T: Threatened. R: Rare(plants only) CSC:CDFG Species of Special Concern **Species is within one of the following categories: -Tana that are biologically rare,very restricted in distribution,declining throughout their range,or at a critical stage in their life cycle when residing in California: -Population(s)in California that may be peripheral to the major portion of a taxon's range but which are threatened with the extirpation within California; -Taxa closely associated with a habitat that is declining in California(e.g.,wetlands,riparian,old growth forest). California Native Plant Society(CN1PS) I A:Plants Presumed extinct in CA I B:Plants rare,threatened or endangered in CA and elsewhere 2: Plants rare,threatened or endangered in CA but snore common elsewhere 3: Review list: plants for which more information is needed 4: Watch list: plants of limited distribution In the western portion of the study area,and within urban areas such as Dublin,San Ramon,Danville,and Blackhawk,very little native vegetation occurs.Landscaped vegetation is most prevalent in the western part of the area,within the cities of Dublin and San Ramon,but is also present in the less densely populated areas as a planted buffer _ adjacent to existing roadways and other landscape features scattered throughout the area. Willow riparian woodland vegetation is the most restricted of these three vegetation types, and is found only in a few scattered locations adjacent to watercourses within the study area. However,this vegetation type is the most biologically important due to the high 41 SJClJ:1WCRM131768.RWSFI\l00314RE.Doc 3-101 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETt M NPACTS,AND WMGA11ON number of native plant species that occur in this plant community,its higher wildlife habitat value,and its proximity to wetlands,such as perennial and intermittent creek systems. Landscaped Vegetation.Typical landscaping species encountered during the field survey include: blaze gum(Eucalyptus spp.),several pines(Pinus spp.),London plane tree(Platanus acerifolia),coast redwood(Sequoia sempervirens),,various shrub species such as oleander (Nerium oleander),photina(Photina fraseri),hawthorne(Raphiolepis spp.),pittosporum (Pittosporum spp.),yew pine (Podocarpus spp.),blue blossom(Ceanothus spp.),manzanita (Arctostaphylos spp.),various ornamental grasses(family Poaceae)used in lawns and elsewhere,as well as a large variety of flowering annual and perennial.plants.With the exception of potential raptor nest sites or roost trees,landscaped areas have little,if any, potential to support special status species. Non-Native Grassland.All grasslands encountered during the reconnaissance-level field survey appeared heavily disturbed,either by grazing,disking,clearing,or other land management activities.Grassland species observed in this habitat type include.wild oat (Avena barbata),ripgut grass(Bromus diandrus),soft chess(Bromus hordeaceus),farmer's foxtail(,Hcrdeum murinum ssp.leporinum),and annual fescue(Vulpia myuros).In general, these areas contained low numbers of native plant species,and often supported ruderal species(e.g.,prickly lettuce(Lactuca serriola),mustards(Brassica spp.),and pampas grass (Cortaderia sp.),in addition to the low-growing annual grass cover,and have little potential to support special status species. Willow Riparian Woodland.This vegetation type is encountered in dense corridors or in isolated patches along well established creeks.Willow riparian woodland occurs along portions of Alamo,South San Ramon,and Tassajara Creek.Plant species that occur in the willow riparian woodland vegetation type include. arroyo willow(Salix lasiolepis),red willow(Salix laevigata),valley and coast live oak(Quercus lobata, Q.agr folia),California bay (Ilmbellularia californica),cottonwood(Populus fremontii ssp.fremcntii),California sycamore (Platanus racemosa),buckeye(Aesculus californica),elderberry(Sambucus mexicana),and blackberry(Rubus discolor)(Wallace Roberts&Todd,august 1992). Existing Vegetation Along the Proposed Alignments Vegetation Along Alcosta Boulevard Alignment.Landscaped vegetation predominates along the Alcosta Boulevard alignment.Occasionally,scattered openings of disturbed non-native annual grassland occur adjacent to Alcosta Boulevard along steep hillsides or between residences or businesses. Development in this area has occurred fairly recently,and few mature trees were observed along this route.For the most part,mature trees are located more than:10 feet from the existing roadway,outside the study area limits. The Alcosta boulevard alignment crosses several culverted creeks that support limited wetlands vegetation. However,South San Ramon Creek supports mature,high quality, riparian vegetation.because vegetation adjacent to the existing roadways in which the pipeline will be installed is composed of landscaping species or is severely degraded,the Alcosta Boulevard alignment has limited potential for supporting special status plants and wildlife species. Vegetation Along Southern Pacific RR Alignment.The northern portion of the Southern Pacific RR alignment generally consists of an approximately 12-foot wide paved or SJOIJ.AWORK113176&RW\F[R\100314RE.DOC 3-10+r a32ff�`S 1 3 EN1IRONl4iENTAL SEMNG,IMPACTS,ANIS MITIGATION compacted gravel path that is used for pedestrian or other recreational use.This pathway is flanked on both sides by a ruderal vegetation(weedyvegetation commonly found in disturbed areas)buffer of varying width(between 10 to Oil feet). Landscaped and/or ruderal vegetation usually occurs on the outside edges of this buffer strip. Generally,the ROW width narrows as it reaches the southern study area limits.South San Ramon Creek flows to the east of the ROW for much of the northern part of this alignment,with the creek occurring along the west side of the ROW farther south.Compacted gravel levees (between 10-20 feet in width)occur on both sides of SouthSan Ramon Creek. Most of the existing vegetation along the ROW is composed of landscaped vegetation,with the levee slopes along the creek composed mainly of non-native grassland with ruderal. species.Small patches of herbaceous or perennial wetland species occasionally are found at the toe of the creek in portions of this alignment;however,due to the paucity of this vegetation type,these areas appear actively managed to retain flood capacity. With the exception of marrow bands of riparian vegetation along South San Ramon Creek'in the northern part of the alignment,vegetation along this route appears to have been actively managed,supports few native plant species,and has very low potential to support special status species. Vegetation Along Tassajara and Dougherty Roads.barrow bands or isolated patches of riparian vegetation occur along parts of Alamo and Tassajara Creeks that flow parallel to Dougherty and Tassajara Roads for much of their length.This riparian vegetation comprises important wildlife habitat as it provides food,resting and nesting cover,access to water, and thermal relief for numerous wildlife species that occur in the area.Scattered individual willows also occur in areas adjacent to Alamo and Tassajara Creeks,and large expanses of non-native grassland occur along both these roadways on areas with level or slight slopes, and on steeper hillsides. Scattered residences and businesses occur along both Dougherty and Tassajara Roads, along Crow Canyon,Camino Tassajara,and Blackhawk Roads at the northern limit of the study area,and along Dublin Boulevard(Camp Parks)at the southern limit.Vegetation near existing businesses and residences in these areas is dominated by plant species typical of landscaped areas,and has little potential for supporting special status species.Creekside areas with riparian vegetation have a higher likelihood of supporting special status species, due to potential migration of species into the study area. Vegetation Within the Boundary of Proposed Tank and Pump Station Sites.Existing vegetation in the vicinity of the proposed aboveground tank and pump station sites is generally composed of landscaped vegetation or non-native grassland disturbed by grazing.Some of these sites are situated within city limits,and are surrounded by residences,other urban facilities,and businesses.Others are situated within rural-residential areas,and the surrounding vegetation is predominately disturbed,non-native grassland. One site(P4) supports scattered areas of native vegetation including a few oak trees. Several wetlands systems occur in the general vicinity of the study area,and some proposed pump station facilities may be located adjacent to or near creeks or wetlands.Table 3-21 summarizes the existing biological resources in the vicinity of these proposed tank and pump station sites. 342 sJC/J:1WORK1131768.RW1EIR1100314RE.DOC 3-103 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION "Table 3-21 Existing Biological Features of Proposed Tank and pump Station Sites System Location Existing Resources Site Limitations Action to Avoid e 1 u e S B or Reduce Element Imes Proposed Located about Situated in a rural- An intermittent drainage system may be Survey final site footprint. tank:1 0.25 mile east of residential and residential present within sloping hillsides. Tank site should be located Alcosta Boulevard, area.Site is surrounded by away from any potential north of Old Ranch sloping hillsides of wetlands to avoid or Road. disturbed,non-native minimize potential impacts grassland vegetation. to wetlands and potentially occurring special status species, Proposed Located about Situated in a valley in Several intermittent creeks occur in the Survey final site footprint. tank 2 0.75 mile south of disturbed,non-native general vicinity of this proposed tank site.No Tank site should be located Crow Canyon Road, grassland,surrounded by wetlands are shown within the footprint of the away from any potential and about 0.5 mile steep hillsides. tank site according to the USGS Quadrangle wetlands to avoid or west of Dougherty map; however,intermittent creeks or other minimize potential impacts Road. wetlands resources potentially could occur at to wetlands and potentially this proposed tank site. occurring special status Proposed located about 1.0 mile Situated in an urban area Watson Creek is located about 1,800 feet to Survey feral site footprint. tank 2A east of Old Southern surrounded by residences, the northwest.An inu nrittent fork of Coyote Tank site should be located Pacific Railroad and with business complexes creek is located about 500 feet east and away from any potential about 1.0 mile south of located to the west, southeast of this proposed Lark site. wetlands to avoid or Grow Canyon Road. minimize potential impacts to wetlands and potentially occurring special status s 'es. Proposed Located in Blackhawk Situated in a rural- The nearest mapped wetland,Tassajam creek, Survey final site footprint. tank 3 Country Club,about residential area.Site is is located about 0.5 mile to the east.No other Tank site should be situated 0.5 mile north of flanked by residences and wetlands resources are mapped on the USES away from potentially Tassajara Road,and areas of non-native Quadrangle,but potentially could occur. occurring wetlands about 0.5 utile west of grasslands used for grazing• resources to avoid and the,junction of minimize impacts to Tassajara and Finley wetlands and to potential Roa& special status species habitat. Proposed Located about Situated in a rural- No access to the site was obtained.Inspection Survey final site footprint. tank 3A 4,000 feet south of residential area.Site is of the vicinity did not uveal any resources of Tank site should be situated Cammo Tassajara, flanked by residences and concern. away from potentially beyond end of areas of non-native occurring wetlands Hillview Drive grasslands used for grazing. resources to avoid and minimize impacts to wetlands and to potential special status species habitat. Proposed Located in Blackhawk Situated in a residential A fork of the west branch of the Alamo Creek Survey final site footprint. tank 4 Country Club,about 2 area.Site is surrounded by is located just to the south of this proposed Tank site should be located miles north of Crow disturbed,non-native tank site,No wetlands resources are shown on away from creeks or Canyon Road,near the grassland habitat. the USGS Quadrangle map within the site potential wetlands areas to Blackhawk Police limits;however,several intermittent creeks avoid or minimize potential Station. occur nearby this site,and potentially could impacts to wetlands and occur, potentially occurring special status species. Proposed Located about 1.0 mile Situated in a rural- The California red-legged frog is known to Survey final site footprint. tank 5 north of Tassajam residential area.Site is occur in the fork of Tassajara Creek located Tank site should be situated Creek Park,and 0.25 surrounded by disturbed, to the east and also in areas to the south and away from wetlands mile east of Tassajara non-native grassland.A west of the site.Potential kit fox dens have resources to avoid and Road. fork of Tassajara Creek is been idenufted about one mile to southwest of minimize impacts to located about 0.25 mile east this site.No other wetlands resources are wetlands and potentially of the proposed tank site, shown on the USGS Quadrangle,but occurring special status potentially could occur. species. 343 S.iCl.1:\WORKC 131768.RMEIR\100314RE.DOC 3,104 3 ENWROWENTALSEmw,tMPACTS,AND Mrfit3Anm Table 3-21 Existing Biological Features of Proposed Tank and Pump Station Sites Page 2 of 4 System Location Existing Resources Site Limitations Action to Avoid or Reduce Element b acts Proposed Located about 1.0 mile Situated in an area of A spring occurs approximately 1,000 feet east Survey final site footprint. tank SA east of Tassajara Road disturbed,non-native of the site. Tank site should be situated and.75 mile south of grassland within gently away from wetlands county line, rolling hillsides. resources to avoid and minimize impacts to wetlands and potentially occurring special status species- Proposed Located about 1.0 mile Situated in an area of No access to this site was obtained during the Survey final site footprint, tank 6 west of Tassajara disturbed,non-native reconnaissance-level survey.An intermittent Tank site should be situated Road,about 1.25 miles grassland within gently drainage may be present at the base of these away from wetlands south of Crow Canyon rolling hillsides. hillsides,although no wetland feature is resources to avoid and Roa& shown in this area on the USGS Quadrangle minimize impacts to map. wetlands and potentially occurring special status s es. Proposed Located about Ll Situated in a rural- Several intermittent creeks occur throughout Survey final site footprint. tank 7 miles east of Lawrence residential area consisting the general vicinity"of this proposed tank site. Tank site should be situated Road and 2.5 miles of few residences and No other wetlands resources are mapped on away from wetlands south of Camino rolling hillsides dominated the USGS Quadrangle,but potentially could resources to avoid and Tassajara Road. by grazed,non-native occur. minimize impacts to grasslands. wetlands and potentially occurring special status species. Proposed Located approximately Situated in rural residential Intermittent creek occurs about 1,000 feet Survey final site footprint. tank SA 1,400 feet east of the area consisting of east of site. 'Tank site should be situated end of Como Way, residential areas to west away from wetlands near Crow Canyon and south.Dominated by resources to avoid and Country Club Golf non-native grassland. minimize impacts to Course. wetlands and potentially occurring special status species. Proposed Located on hillside Situated in area exposed to Intermirtent creek in Dolan Canyon Survey final site footprint. tank 10 north of I-580,west of highway noise.Rolling approximately 1,000 feet east of site.Site Tank site should be situated Dolan Canyon. hillsides dominated by access not obtained away from wetlands grazed,non-native resources to avoid and grasslands. minimize impacts to wetlands and potentially occurring special status snecies. Proposed Located at the DSRSD Situated in an urban area. Alamo Canal is located along perimeter of the Survey final site footprint. Pump WWTP about This proposed site is site.No other wetlands resources are mapped Pump site should be situated station 1 1,000 feet east of surrounded by residences, on the USGS Quadrangle,but potentially away from wetlands Highway 680. open fields with ruderal could occur. resources to avoid and vegetation,and businesses. minimize'impacts to wetlands and potentially occurring special status species. Proposed Located about 1,000 Situated in an urban area No wetlands resources are mapped on the Survey final site footprint. Pump feet south of Bollinger with numerous business USGS Quadrangle,but potentially could Pump site should be situated station 2 Road,and about 500 complexes(e.g.,Bishop occur.No other biologically limiting factors away from wetlands feet to the west of Ranch).Open fields of appear evident,but potentially could occur, resources to avoid and South San Ramon ruderal vegetation and non- minimize impacts to Creek,adjacent to Old native grasslands occur wetlands and potentially Southern Pacific scattered throughout this occurring special status Railroad, area. species. 344 SJG/J:tVYORM131768.RMEfR1100314PE.Doc 3-105 3 eMROWENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION Table 3.21 Faatsting Biological Features of Proposed Tank and Pump Station Sites Page 5 of 4 System Location Existing Resources Site Limitations Action to Avoid or Reduce Element 1 acts Proposed Located about 1,000 Situated in an urban area No wetlands resources are mapped on the Survey final site footprint. Pump feet south of Bollinger with numerous business USES Quadrangle,but potentially could Pump site should be situated station 2A Road,and about 1,000 complexes(e,g.,Bishop occur.No other biologically limiting factors away from wetlands feet to the east of Ranch).Open fields of appear evident,but potentially could occur. resources to avoid and South San Ramon ruderal vegetation and non- minimize impacts to Creek, native grasslands occur wetlands and potentially scattered throughout this occurring special status arm species. Proposed Located along the east Situated in an urban area. This proposed pump station site is situated Survey final site footprint. Pump side of Dougherty Site is surrounded by between Dougherty(toad and the confluence Pump site should be situated station 3 Road,about 1.0 mile residences and disturbed of two intermittent forks of the west branch of away from wetlands south of its junction grasslands. Alamo Creek.No other wetlands resources resources to avoid and with Camino Tas*ara are Wrapped on the USES Quadrangle,but minimize impacts to Road, potentially could occur. wetlands and potentially occurring special status species. Proposed Located on south side Situated in an urban area.. West Branch of Alamo Creek is about 1,000 Survey final site footprint. PUMP of Crow Canyon Road Site is surrounded by feet east of site in developed park setting. Pump site should be situated station 3A near Diablo Vista Park residences and disturbed away from wetlands grasslands. resources to avoid and minimize impacts to wetlands and potentially occurring special status species, Proposed Located within the Situated in a residential This grassland habitat on hillsides contains Survey final site Footprint. PUMP gated community of area.This proposed site is about mature and smaller oaks.A red-tailed Pump site should be situated station 4 Blackhawk near surrounded by residences hawk was observed foraging in this area,and away from wetlands Magnolia and and steep hillsides potentially could hest in these oaks. resources to avoid and Chestnut Place and dominated by disturbed d Transmission lines occur near this proposed minimize impacts to Blackhawk Drive. grassland habitat. site.This site is located near an intermittent wetlands and potentially creek that drains from two large ponds on occurring special status Blackhawk Golf Course. species.Avoid or minimize impacts to oaks and native vegetation. Proposed Located about 0.3 mile Situated in a predominantly Several special status species including the Survey final site footprint. pump east of'1 assajam Road, rural-residential area.Site California red-legged frog and golden eagle Situate pump station away station 5 and about 1.25 miles is surrounded by large are known to occur in the vicinity of this from creek and other north of Highway 580. expanses of disturbed,non- proposed pump station site.Potential kit fax wetlands to avoid or native grassland vegetation. dens have also been identified nearby. minimize impacts to wetlands and to potentially occurring special status species. Proposed Located about 0.5 mile Situated in a rural- No access to this site was obtained during the Survey final site footprint. Pump west of Tassajara Road residential area.Site is reconnaissance-level survey.An intermittent Situate pump station away station 5 and about 1:0 mile surrounded by residences drainage may occur at the base of these from creek and other south of Camino and hillsides and flat,open hillsides,although no wetland feature is wetlands to avoid or Tassajara Road. arras of disturbed,non- shown in this area on the USES Topographic minimize impacts to native Mand vegetation. map. wetlands and to potentially occurring special status species. Proposed Locator west of Situated in a rural- The confluence of the west branch of Alamo Survey final site footprint. Pump Dougherty Road near residential area with few Creek and Alamo Creek is located nearby. Situate pump station away station 7 Alamo Creek residences and rolling Also,several intermittent creeks occur in the from creek and other approximately 1.0 mile hillsides dominated by vicinity of this site.No other wetlands wetlands to avoid or north of Camp Parks. grazed,non-native resources are mapped on the USGS minimize impacts to, grasslands. Quadrangle,but potentially could occur. wetlands and to potentially occurring special status SEEtes. 345 SJCIJ;1WORKi131768.RW\EIRl100314RE.oGC 3-106 3 ENVIRONMENTAL S CflNG,IMPACT4,AND MMGAi10N Table 3-21 Existing Biological Features of Proposed Tank and Pump Station Sites Page 4 of 4 system Location Existing Resources site Limitations Action to Avoid or Reduce Element Irte acts Proposed Located approximately Situated in a rural- Alamo Creek is approximately 1,000 feet Survey final site footprint. pump 2 miles north of Camp residential ata with few west of site.No site access obtained. Situate pump station away station 9 Parks and i mile east residences and rolling from creek and other of Dougherty Roa& hillsides dominated by wetlands to avoid or grazed,non-native minimize impacts to grasslands. wetlands and to potentially occurring special status species. Proposed Located on Dublin Situated in a landscaped Dublin Creek is about 1,000 feet east of the Survey final site footprint. PUMP Boulevard 2,500 west business park at the edge of site,but is an urbanized setting near 1-580. Situate pump station away station 10 of San Ramon Road. the road, from creek and other wetlands to avoid or minimize impacts to wetlands and to potentially occurring special status s es Source:C:H2M HILL,reconnaissance-level field visits dated Januaty 26,and FetLtM 23,1996.EDSP 1994:CDFC 1996. ASR Well Sites Well site F1 is dominated by non-native grassland,and contains a small mound of fill and some trash. An occupied killdeer nest(Chardrius vociferus)was observed onsite. Well site F2 is located on DSRSD office property,with no natural areas in the vicinity. It does not provide significant wildlife habitat.Well site F3 is located on the fully landscaped grounds of Dublin High School.Well site F4 is also located on landscaped school of grounds(Pine Valley School).Well site F5 is located at California High School,on landscaped grounds. These sites do not providesignificant wildlife habitat. Wildlife Numerous wildlife species use the non-native grassland habitat in the vicinity of the study area for foraging and breeding,with areas located nearest water sources receiving the highest amount of use. Bird species that typically occur in grassland areas include passerines,song birds,and several raptors.These include species such as the mourning dove(Zenaida macroura),western meadowlark(Sturnella neglecta),turkey vulture (Cathartes aura),and red-tailed hawk(Buten jarnaicensis).Also found in grasslands are small mammals such as steer mouse(Peromyscus m niculatus),and California vole(Microtus californicus)that comprise an important prey source for raptors and other mammals such as coyote(Canis latrans)and red fox(Vulpes vulpes).Willow riparian woodland areas are highly used by numerous wildlife species,including aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates,insectivorous birds,and also provide resting and hiding cover,and nesting areas for small mammals and raptors(Wallace Roberts&Todd,August 1992).Areas of landscaped vegetation support wildlife species that are typical of disturbed habitat such as: raccoon.(Procyon lotor), opossum(Didelphis marsupialis),white crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys),Brewer's blackbird(Euphagus cyanocephalus),dark-eyed junco(Junco hye?nalis), and house sparrow (Passer domesticus) (Vessel and Wong, 1987). Wildlife species that typically occur in urban,ruderal,willow riparian woodland,and wetlands areas were observed during the reconnaissance-level field survey.Typical wildlife species observed during this survey or that would be expected to occur in the vicinity of the study area are discussed below.Special status wildlife species that are known to occur in 346 SJCIJ:k1NORKt131768.RW\EIR1100314RE.D4c 3-107 3 EWRONMENTA.SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MIT[GAMN the vicinity of the study area and that potentially could occur in the study area are discussed below in a separate section.Special status wildlife potentially occurring within proposed aboveground tank and pump station sites are identified in Table 3-2.1. Alcosta Boulevard Alignment.South San Ramon Creek supports a narrow band of riparian vegetation that likely provides high quality habitat for numerous wildlife species such as foraging and nesting raptors,small mammals,amphibians and reptiles.Scattered areas of non-native grasslands and landscaping vegetation provide suitable foraging and law quality nesting habitat for a variety of bird species.However,areas along this alignment are predominantly urban,and are expected to support wildlife species typical of urban,ruderal, or disturbed areas. With the exception of wetland areas,or areas that support riparian vegetation,this area has low potential to support special status species. Southern Pacific RR Alignment.This alignment parallels South San Ramon Creek for much of its length.For parts of this alignment,the ROW is located adjacent to the creek.Some portions of this creek are channelized,with non-native grassland present on straightened creek slopes. However,in a few areas in the study area,willow riparian woodland occurs adjacent to South San Ramon Creek.Overall,little native vegetation occurs along this alignment,and the non-native grassland and landscaped areas that compose the dominant vegetative cover generally support wildlife species that are typical of ruderal or disturbed areas.The small patches of willow riparian habitat and the wetlands and waters of the geek potentially could support special status species.However,the remaining portions of this alignment have little potential for supporting special status wildlife species. Camino Tassajara and Dougherty Road.Areas surrounding Camino Tassajara and Dougherty Road,as well as Dublin Boulevard and Blackhawk Drive are dominated by non-native grassland.The second most prevalent vegetation type is landscaped vegetation.These areas are partially urbanized,and are less densely populated than areas within the Dublin and San Ramon city limits.With the exception of the residences along Blackhawk Drive,these roadways are generally surrounded by large expanses of open areas dominated by non- native grassland. Alamo and Tassajara Creeks,as well as smaller wetlands in the vicinity of the study area, support dense corridors or isolated patches of riparian vegetation,as well as vegetation similar to a freshwater marsh. Raptors and other birds,as well as small mammals(e.g., coyote and red fox)would be expected to use the riparian corridor and wetlands areas,as well as the extensive non-native grassland habitat nearby.Areas in which the proposed pipeline crosses these riparian corridors or wetlands potentially could support special status species such as the California red-legged frog(Rana aurora draytoni)and southwestern pond turtle(Clemmys marmorata marmorata). Also,areas of non-native grassland potentially could comprise foraging habitat for two special status mammals:San Joaquin kit fox (Vulpes macrons mutica)and American badger(Taxidea taxus). Wetlands A variety of wetland types occur in the general vicinity of the study area,and both the Alcosta Boulevard and the Southern Pacific ROW alignments would cross wetlands features.Wetlands also occur along Crow Canyon,Blackhawk,Dougherty,and Tassajara Roads. Also,some of the proposed pump station site boundaries include wetlands resources.Wetlands features encountered along the study area include: unchannelized sJC/J:t4VORK1131768,RWSRi1 OM14RE.DX 3.108 347 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION intermittent creeks(South San Ramon,Coyote,Alamo and unnamed creeks);channelized segments of these creeks;one perennial creek(Tassajara Creek);unnamed drainage ditches adjacent to roadways constructed to capture surface water flow;swales that are connected to larger creek systems;ponds;and seasonal wetlands. These wetlands features are within what is an otherwise generally and environment of the Coast Range,and provide significant habitat value for numerous plant and wildlife species. In addition,many of the wetlands features in the vicinity of the study area are known to support special status wildlife species such as the California red-legged frog,the tricolored blackbird (Agelaius tricolor),and the southwestern pond turtle. A jurisdictional delineation of these intermittent creeks and wetlands features has not been conducted for this EIR.Wetlands in the study area may be subject to regulations under the jurisdiction of the US Army Corps of Engineers(USACOE),and would be regulated ander Section 404 of the Clean Water Act.Also,these areas may be subject to regulation under Sections 1601-2603 of the CDFG Code.Permits from USACOE and CDFG may be required for impacts to wetlands resources due to construction of the pipeline and associated facilities.Wetlands resources known to occur or that potentially could occur within proposed aboveground tank and pump station sites are discussed in Table 3-22.Wetlands resources crossed by the alignments and remaining roadway segments are also shown.in Table 3-22. SJC/J�1WORKN131768.RVAEIR1100314RE.DOC 3-109 348 3 ENVIRONN1ENTALSErmG,IMPACTS,AND MI71unm Table 3-22 Wetlands Resources Crossed by Proposed Ali tents or Roadways Page I of 2 Crow Canyon Road east to Camino Southern Tassajara Alcosts Pacific Road{incl. Boulevard ROW Dublin Dougherty Blackhawk Tassajara Wetlands Feature tr) Alignment Aliganent Boulevard Road Road)(2) Road(21 Alamo Canal(channelized) X near Johnson Drive Alamo Canal(near Dublin x City Nati Alamo Creek(unchar elized, x 1,500 feet northwest of Dou&t=R Alamo Creek(intermittent- X 1,200 feet south of the junction of Lawrence and Doalheny Roads Alamo Creek(intermittent- X 300 feet north of the junction of Lawrence and Dougherty Roads Alamo Creek(intermittent- X 8,400 feet north of the junction of Lawrence and —Dougherty Roads Alamo Creek(intermittent x 9,500 feet north of the junction of Lawrence and Dougherty Roads Alamo Creek.{intermittent- X 11,400 feet ninth of the junction of Lawrence and Dou her. Roads Fork of Alamo Creek x (intermittent-3,500 feet east of the junction of Camino Tassajam and Dougherty Roads Fork of Alamo Creek x (intermittent-5,800 feet east of the junction of Camino Tassajara and Dougherty Roads Fork of ALarno Creek x (intermittent-10,500 feet east of the junction of Camino Tassajara and Dougherty Roads Fork of Alamo Creek X (intermittent-10,900 feet east of the junction of Camino Tassajara and Dougherty Roads Force of Alamo Creek X (intertnittent- 12,100 feet east of the junction of Camino Tassajara and Clougherty Roads Coyote Creek(channelized) Chabot Canal{spring fed) x SJClJ:1W(7RM131768.FIMEIR100314Re.Doc 3-116 3 ENVMNM£NTALSEMNG,NPACTS,AND MMGATEON Table 3-22 Wetlands Resources Crossed by Proposed Alignments or Roadways Page 2 of 2 Crow Canyon Road east to Camino Southern Tamajara Alcosta Pacific Road(incl Boulevard ROW Dublin Dougherty Blackhawk 'Tassajara Wetlands Feature it} Aligarnent Alignment Boulevard Road Road)(2) Road(2) South San Ramon Creek � (south of Montevideo Road) South San Ramon Creek(at X Alcosta Boulevard South San Ramon Creek(one X half mile south of Norris 3 Canyon Boulevard,crossed by Alcosta Boulevard) South San Ramon Creek X (southern crossover area located at the Alameda- Contra Costa Coun line Sycamore Creek(intermittent- X 2,640 feet north of the junction of Crow Canyon and Blackhawk Roads Sycamore Creek(intermittent- X 6,000 feet north of the junction of Crow Canyon and Blackhawk Roads Sycamore Creek(intermittent- X 8,300 feet north of the junction of Crow Canyon and Blackhawk Roads Tassajara Creek(intermittent- X near Santa Rita Rehabilitation Center Tassajara Creek(perennial- 4,500 feet south of intersection with Highland Road Tassajara Creek(intermittent- X 2,000 feet south of Alameda- Contra Costa Coun Iine Tassajara Creek(intermittent- X 8,900 feet north of Highway 590) Unnamed intermittent X Drainage(at Alcosta Road, 2 miles south of Bollinger Canyon Rd). Flow regime and wetland occurrence is as shown on USGS 124,000 Topographic Quadrangles(Diablo,Dublin,Livermore,Tassajara) (2)Reflects current alignment of roadway.Ali nment may chane in the future. Special Status Species A review of existing literature and databases was conducted for potential and known occurrences of special status species in the vicinity of the DERWA study area. A reconnaissance-level survey was conducted to identify vegetation types in the study area that potentially could support special status species.A comprehensive list of special status species known to occur or identified as potentially occurring in the vicinity and potentially occurring within DERWA sites based on a characterization of habitat is shown in SJCIJ:\WORK\131768.RW\E[R\100314RE.COC 3-111 JCQ _... _..._........................................ ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 FWIRONMe4TALSEI WG,IMPAC'T'S,AND WMA7tON Table 3-20.Only those special status species for which potential habitat occurs within the limits of DERWA study area and for which there is a high likelihood of occurrence are described in more detail.below. The DERWA study area is situated south of and nearby Mt.Diablo State Park,an area renowned for its botanical resources.Despite intensive grazing in this area for about a century,sensitive botanical resources in the general vicinity of the study area still remain.A diverse assemblage of plant communities occur in the vicinity of the study area,however, few vegetation types occur in the study area.The dominant vegetation type in the eastern part',of the study area is disturbed non-native grassland,with the dominant vegetation type in urban areas to the west comprised of landscaped vegetation.A botanically sensitive habitat type,willow riparian woodland,,occurs over a very small proportion of the study area,and is restricted to watercourses crossed by proposed alignments or near proposed aboveground tank and pump station sites. Special Status Plants.Numerous special status plants occur in the general vicinity of the study area.However,few special status plant species would be expected to occur in urban areas dominated by landscaped vegetation and in rural-residential areas dominated by disturbed,grassland.Many of the species known from the vicinity of the study area occur in habitat types that are not present within the study area(such as chaparral,serpentine, vernal pools,and talus rock slopes),are not expected to occur.These species are not included in Table 3-20. One botanically sensitive habitat type,alkali meadow,is known to occur infrequently in the general vicinity of the study area,and is associated with wetlands such as intermittent or perennial creeks,seeps,or ponds.Because focused habitat characterization surveys of above-ground tante and pump station facilities was not conducted,it is not possible to dismiss the potential presence of this habitat.Special status species potentially occurring within alkali meadow habitat are included in Table 3-20,and those of highest potential for occurrence in the study area are discussed below. Four plant species have the highest probability of occurrence in the study area.These include:two perennial herbaceous members of the.A. teraceae family,big-scale balsamroot (Balsamorhiza macrolepis var.macrolepis)and Diablo helianthella(Helianthella stanea);and two early spring flowering perennial lily species,stinkbells(Fritillaria agrestis)and fragrant fritillary(Fritillaria Iiliacea). Big-scale Belssmroot.The big-scale balsarnroot(Balsamorhiza macrolepis var. macrolepis),is a member of the Asteraceae(sunflower) family and is a CLIPS List IB species.It is known from Alameda,Butte,Napa,Mariposa,Placer,Santa Clara and Tehama Counties. Balsamroot occurs on open,grassy slopes and valleys at elevations below 1,400 meters and flowers between March and June. S#lnkbells:Drainages and bottotntands in grassland and oak woodland provide habitat for stinkbells (Fritillaria agrestis),a Cti1PS List 4 species.This member of the Lihaceae(lily) fancily occurs in mesic loamy or clay soils in grassland.It is known in California from Alameda,Contra Costa Fresno,Kern,Mendocino,Monterey,Mariposa,Placer,Sacramento, Santa Barbara,'Solano,San Mateo,Stanislaus,and Tehama Counties at elevations below 200'meters. Flowering occurs in the spring,typically in March or April.Individuals grew from perennial underground bulbs and can reproduce vegetatively or by seed. SJCIJ: ORM131768.RMEIM 104314RE.Dw 3-112 351 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SI MWO,IMPACTS,AND MTIGATM Fragrant Fritillary.Fragrant fritillary(Fritillariaa liliaceae),a member of the Liliaceae (lily) family,is a CNPS List 1B species.The fragrant fritillary is primarily associated with areas of deep clayey soil that occur in some portions of serpentine grassland habitats,but is also known to occur in non-serpentine soils.The fragrant fritillary in California ranges from ?Monterey County north to Solano and Sonoma Counties in elevations below 200 meters. It typically flowers from February through April. Individuals grow from perennial underground bulbs buried 10-15 centimeters below the soil surface.Reproduction is by seed lir vegetatively from bulbs.Threats to the species include development,grazing,and damage by feral pigs which root up and eat or otherwise destroy bulbs. Mt.Diablo Rock-Rose.Mt. Diablo rock-rose(Heliunthella castanea)is a CLAPS List 1B species. This species of rock-rose is a annual member of the Asteraceae(sunflower)family.It has solitary large yellow flowers that bloom between April and May.This species occurs in open areas in chaparral and broadleaved upland forest habitats in California in Alameda, Contra Costa and San Mateo Counties,often on thin rocky soils in transition areas between these communities and grasslands.It generally occurs in these areas between 200 and 1,300 meters. Special Status Wildlife.Numerous special status wildlife species occur in the general vicinity of the study area.Many of these would not be expected to occur in urban areas dominated by landscaped vegetation and in the rural-residential areas dominated by disturbed grassland.Also,numerous species included in Table 3-20 known from the vicinity of the study area are restricted to habitat types that are not present within the study area(such as saltmarshes,shallow estuaries,vernal pools,alkali sinks,dense stands of woodlands,or chaparral habitat),and are not expected to occur in the study area.Only those wildlife species determined to have the highest probability of occurrence are described in detail below. The following special status wildlife species are known to occur within the vicinity of the study area in habitat types that are present in the study area,and therefore have the highest probability of occurrence. Several of these special status species(e.g. the California.red- legged frog,tricolored blackbird,and pond turtle) are known to occur within wetlands (including riparian)habitat in several areas in the vicinity of the study area and potentially could occur in the study area.In addition,the California tiger salamander potentially could occur near wetlands.These species potentially could be present in some creeks or wetlands crossed by the pipeline,or within areas proposed for above ground tank and pump station construction. In addition,bird species such as the northern harrier(Cicus cyaneus), the burrowing owl(Athene cunicularia),and the horned lark(Eremophila alpestris actia),are known to forage or nest in the vicinity of the study area and potentially could occur. Eastern portions of the study area are considered occupied San Joaquin kit fox habitat (USFWS, 1996),and this species potentially could forage in grasslands along the proposed alignments and in areas proposed for system facilities construction.A second special status mammal,the American badger,is known to occur near Camp Parks,at the southern limit of the study area. Construction of project elements potentially could affect foraging, burrowing,or nesting habitat for these mammals species.Also,several special status bat species(in the genera Plecotus,Myotis,and Eumops)are known from the vicinity of the study area and potentially could occur. SJUAWORK1131768-FIMEfR110O314RE.DX 3-113 r r� JJ2 3 EWIRONMENTAL SETTING,UPACTS,AND MiT1aom Wtomia Red-t,egged Frog.The California red-legged frog(Rana aurora draytonii)is a USFWS threatened species and a CDFG Species of Special Concern."Phis highly aquatic frog:inhabits ponds with emergent vegetation from near sea level to approximately 3,400 meters in elevation throughout the.Coast Manges and the Sierra Nevada from near the Oregon border to northern Baja,California.The California red-legged frog occurs in ponds,stock tanks,quiet pools in streams,or other water bodies where cattails or other emergent vegetation provide cover and protection.California red-legged frogs breed for only 1-2 weeks during the period. from January through April,peaking in February.Courtship and egg-laying take plaice in the water where the larvae remain for up to 10 months to 1 year.Newly metamorphosed frogs then disperse during the rainy season to other suitable habitats. The decline of red-legged frog populations is thought to be the result of the introduction of non-native bullfrogs(Reyna custesbuemna),which prey on larvae and juveniles and may mate with adult female red-legged frogs resulting in eggs that do not develop.In addition,urban development,agriculture,and alteration of drainages have reduced the abundance and distribution of the red-legged frog. Califomle 119w Wamander.The California tiger salamander(Ambystoma tigrinum li)brniense),is considered a Species of Special Concern by the CDFG.The California tiger salamander occurs in the San Francisco Bay Area,the San Joaquin Valley;the food-tills of the Sierra Nevada and the Coast Ranges,the Monterey Bay area,and the mountains and foothills of Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo Counties.This salamander species is found in grassland and oak woodland habitat. Adults are terrestrial doing the dry season,spending most of their time underground in rodent burrows or crate and fissures in rocks.During the first heavy rains of the season, usually from October to February,adult California tiger salamanders leave their burrows to breed in temporary or permanent ponds,including stock ponds and slow-moving streams. Eggs are laid on aquatic vegetation.Following hatching,larvae spend 3-4 months in the water and develop and metamorphose between May and,July.The decline of the California tiger salamander is attributed in part to the introduction of the bullfrrrog,which eats salamander larvae.Development and agricultural practices in grassland and oak woodland habitat,as well as disruption of watercourses have reduced and fragmented salamander populations. Westem Pond Turtle.The western pend turtle is an uncommon to common species found throughout California,west of the Sierra Cascades.This species of turtle is aquatic,and requires the presence of habitat such as ponds,marshes,rivers,or streams with emergent aquatic vegetation.Pond turtles are omnivorous,eating aquatic plant materials,invertebrates, and fishes.The range of this species of pond turtle extends from San Francisco Bay into northwest Baja California.Itis threatened by loss of wetland habitat.Pond turtles have been observed in the Alamo Creek drainages within the vicinity of the study area. Butmwincg Owl.Burrowing owl.(Athero cunicularia),is included on the CDFG list of Species of Special Concern.The burrowing owl was historically common throughout lowland California. However,they have been declining in numbers since the 1940s.They currently occupy the Coast Ranges,Central Valley and areas in the southern deserts of California.The South Bay area is one of their remaining strongholds in northern California,but they are threatened in this area by ground squirrel control and loss of habitat to agricultural and urban development. SJCIJ'\WORM131768.RME3A11 00314RE-OM 3-114 353 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SEMNG,WPACTS,AND MMIGATEON Burrowing owls require existing burrows(usually ground squirrel burrows),nearby elevated perches or low vegetation free of visual obstructions,and a high percentage of bare ground or ground with very low vegetation.Their diet can consist of large insects,small mammals,and small birds.Potential nesting burrows and several owls were observed within the vicinity of the study area. Northern Harrier.The northern harrier(Cicus cyaneus),is a fully protected species in California under the Migratory Bird Act,and is included on the CDFG list of Species of Special Concern. Northern harriers are widespread during winter and less common during summer in coastal valleys.Suitable nesting habitat occurs in wetlands along perennial and seasonal drainages.It forages for birds and small mammals in open areas such as meadows,grasslands,rangelands, and wetlands.This species typically nests in or around wetlands but can nest in grasslands or grainfields. California Homed Lark The California horned lark(Eremophila alpestris actia),is a federal C3 Candidate for listing and a CDFG Species of Special Concern.The California horned lark is a ground-dwelling bird species,and is found on fields and other,open habitats with relatively little tall plant cover,and typically feed on invertebrates and seeds.This sperms of lark is a year-long resident in California and nests on the ground. Tricolored Blackbird.The tricolored blackbird(Agelaius tricolor),is a CDFG Species of Special Concern.Tricolored blackbirds nest colonially,preferring to nest in freshwater marsh habitats with,dense vegetative growth,such as dense stands of cattail,but they also nest in thickets of blackberry,willow,and wild rose.However,the specific type of vegetation is probably less important than the requirement for wetland habitat.Populations have decreased dramatically since the 1930s,probably due to the loss of wetland habitat, pesticide spraying,and poisoning for control of starlings and other blackbirds.Tricolored blackbirds generally nest in large colonies in marshlands of the Central Valley,but nesting can occur in smaller marshes where suitable habitat exists and the colony is left undisturbed during nesting. American Badger.American badger(Taxidea taxus),is found in a wide variety of habitats with relatively open,uncultivated ground. It is a permanent resident throughout California, except in the North Coast area.Dry friable soils for digging burrows and sufficient food are necessary to support this species.Primary prey items include ground squirrels,kangaroo rats and gophers,but they are known to eat mice,woodrats,reptiles,insects,and birds and their eggs. Some portions of the grassland habitat scattered throughout the vicinity of the study area is suitable habitat for the American badger,and it has been sighted during previous surveys near the study area. San Joaquin Kit Fox.In the northern portions of their range,the San Joaquin kit fox is closely associated with the semi-arid grasslands of the San Joaquin Valley and of the foothills and valleys of the Coast Range.They are highly dependent on California ground squirrels as a source of both food and shelter,because the San Joaquin kit fox uses ground squirrel colonies for dens.The San Joaquin kit fox is federally-and state-listed as endangered. The historic range of the San Joaquin kit fox included most of the San Joaquin Valley from the vicinity of Tracy southward to southern Kern County.The species.now occurs primarily in the remaining tracts of native vegetation on the floor of the Central Valley and in the remaining foothills from southern Kern County,north to Los Banos in Merced County. SJCJJ:IWORK1131768.RVERI00314RE.Dx 3-115 3' 4 3 ENVIRONME!'fAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION Decline of the San Joaquin kit fox is attributed to habitat loss and fragmentation as a consequence of urban,agricultural and industrial development.Existing populations of the San Joaquin kit fox are centered in the Central and Sonoran grassland associations with relatively deep,heavy loams which,with increasing precipitation,support mixtures of both native perennial and introduced grasses.In the northern portions of their range,the preferred habitat appears to be non-native grassland,where the ground squirrel constitutes its privy base.Kit foxes are known to occur about 2 miles north of Blackhawk,and there have been unsubstantiated reports of sightings near Dougherty Road within the vicinity of the study area. Severalkit fox surveys have been recently conducted in the vicinity of the study*area,and it is uncertain to what degree kit fox are present.however,the absence of sightings of.kit fox in the vicinity of the study area does not eliminate the potential of occurrence. Special Status Bats.Several special status bat species potentially could occur throughout the study area.These include:Townsend's big-eared bat(Flecotus townsendii-townsendii),a CDFG Species of Special Concern;the pallid bat(Antroszous pallidus),a CDFG Species of Special Concern,and the greater western mastiff bat(Eumops perotis califvrnicus),a CDFG Species of Special Concern.Also included are several species of Myotis bats(Myotis spp.): the small-footed myotis bat(M.clliclabrum);the long-eared myotis bat(M.evotis),the fringed myosis bait(M. thysanodes),the lung-legged myotis bat(M. volans),and the Yuma myotic bat(M yumunensis). Bats typically roost in structures,caves,rock outcrops,tunnels and trees.Bat species typically have preferred roost sites,such as the pallid bat which prefers trees,and the Townsend`s big-eared bat,which prefers rock outcrops.Bats forage in a variety of habitats including forests,grasslands and deserts.Bats are attracted to areas of water,including creeks and intermittent'seasonal drainages for foraging.Breeding occurs in May and June. Several of the above special status bat species,including the pallid and mastiff'bat,are known to occur within the vicinity'of the study area. 3.9.2'Impacts Significance Criteria This project is considered to have potentially significant biological impacts if it would: • Substantially affect a rare or endangered species of animal or plant or the habitat of the species • Substantially diminish habitat for fish,wildlife,or plants • Threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community;this would include losses to plant communities considered rare by CDFG • interfere substantially with the movement of any resident or migratory.fash or wildlife species • Reduce the numbers or range of a rare or endangered species • Create a net loss in area,functions,or values of wetlands habitats Significant impacts are not limited to projects that could have impacts to state and federally listed endangered species.A plant or animal species (or subspecies or variety) that is not listed will also be considered rare or endangered if it can be shown to meet similar criteria:survival and reproduction SJC/J.kWOf3 M131768.RVIAE1RkIOD314RE.DOC 3.116 3 EWRONMEN7At SE7nNG,IMPACTS,AND M37SGA1,10N in the wild in immediate jeopardy from one or more causes,or existing in such small numbers throughout all or a significant portion of its range that it may become endangered it its environment worsens,or if it is likely to became so within the foreseeable future through all or a portion of its range(CEQA Guidelines,.15380,Appendix G). The following discussion of impacts is based on the Draft Facility Plan that has been developed to date.As described previously, the DERWA Program would be phased,and final construction plans of the Program facilities are not yet available.Construction of the preferred alignment would either be installed in existing roadways,or would occur concurrent with the planned relocation of existing roads or with road construction planned for new housing developments in the study area. The final number,location,and elevation of tank and pump station sites is not known since this will be in part dependent upon future customer demand and pumping needs.Several tank and pump station sites are discussed in this biological resources section,but it is anticipated that not all of these system elements will ultimately be required.Construction of pump station facilities is planned to occur adjacent to existing_ or planned roadways in order to avoid and minimize impacts to biological resources.When roadways are constructed or relocated,impacts to biological resources caused by construction of system elements would be evaluated on a site-specific basis by the project proponent. Because the exact location of tank facilities is not known,a site-specific evaluation of impacts is not possible.Impacts to biological resources are discussed below at a programmatic level,based on current knowledge of study area plans and conditions.Prior to project implementation,site-specific surveys for special status species and delineation of waters of the U.S. (including wetlands)will be needed to further refine project design, comply with current state and federal regulations,obtain permits necessary for construction,and further avoid and minimize impacts to sensitive biological resources. These requirements are identified as mitigation measures for the Program. Documentation of site-specific impacts and development of appropriate mitigation measures will be included in future environmental documentation and coordination with resource agencies. Site-specific special status species surveys and other surveys may occur several years in the future.Surveys would likely include: general vegetation and wildlife surveys,rare plant surveys,wildlife surveys for species of concern including kit fox surveys,den searches for American badger,burrowing owl surveys,raptor nest surveys,and surveys for the California red-legged frog and California tiger salamander.In addition,a delineation of waters of the U.S. (including wetlands)will also be needed.Many of these surveys must occur at specific times of the year,since some species can only be observed and or identified during seasonal periods. Other Regulatory Considerations The proposed facilities may be constructed in areas that include or are adjacent to waters of the U.S. (including wetlands). Because final site plans are not available,detailed surveys of wetlands resources have not yet been conducted;however,several creeks and other wetlands potentially could be directly or indirectly affected by construction of the pipeline and other facilities.Also,several special status species are known to inhabit the wetlands in this general vicinity of the study area,increasing the sensitivity of any loss of or impact to wetlands in the study area. SJCIJ.kWORK1131768.RW\EiR\i60314RE.DoC 3t3 3 ENVLRONMENTAt SMNG,IMPACTS,ASID MMU110N Section 404 of the Clean Water Act.The USACGE has jurisdiction under Section 404(x)of the Clean Water Act over the discharge of dredged or fill material into waters'of the U.S.,which includes most intermittent streams and wetlands. Certain discharges are permitted under USACOE Nationwide Permits.These discharges consist of projects requiring tenor amounts of fill that meet a series of general conditions, (such as the project must not have any significant impacts on threatened or endangered species or historic sites),and must include erosion control measures.If a discharge is not exempt or permitted under a Nationwide Permit,an Individual Secti 3 My RONMENTAL SEMNG,impAc7s,AND td1 r*ATtaN relocated. When these project elements are built or modified under another project,impacts to rare plants will be evaluated on a project specific basis by the project proponent. (Less than Significant) The proposed tank pump station and ASR well sites occur in urban and rural areas with grazed hillsides dominated by non-native vegetation,areas of ruderal vegetation,and landscaped vegetation near streets and residences.These areas generally have minimal or no potential to support rare plant species;therefore,the temporary disturbance of or permanent loss of these habitats to vegetation resources is considered insignificant. Oak woodlands are a high quality vegetation type and potentially could support rare plant species.It is anticipated that most impacts to oaks and native vegetation will be avoided during to final siting of system facilities,and that very little native vegetation and few oaks would actually be lost.Further,all oak trees lost by construction of system facilities will be replaced,at rates determined by ordinance tree requirements and/or CDFG.The loss of a small amount of native vegetation and a few oak trees,if all oaks are replaced,is not considered significant. Impact 3.9.2--Impacts to Potentially Occurring Wildlife Species of Concern Several special status wildlife species use the non-native grasslands,or,with low probability,could use the ruderal habitat in the study area for foraging or den or nesting habitat. Along the proposed alignments,the proximity of this low quality habitat to existing or planned roadways further detracts from the habitat value of this area. Impacts to wildlife include not only the temporary disturbance or direct loss of this habitat,but also include some disruption of adjacent habitats from the proximity of human activity.The narrow habitat strip adjacent the proposed alignments likely supports few prey species for raptors, and few burrows that could be used by estivating California tiger salamanders,denning San Joaquin kit foxes,and burrowing owls. However,the San Joaquin kit fox potentially could use existing road culverts as den sites,and,if identified daring future surveys,loss of potential den sites would normally be considered a significant impact by the USFWS. Some proposed tank and pump sites may support special status wildlife species that typically forage and nest in non-native grasslands or,with lower probability,in ruderal areas,such as burrowing awl,northern harrier,horned lark,American badger,and the San Joaquin kit fox. Also,several special status bat species are known to forage in grasslands and creeks in the vicinity of the study area.Loss of or disruption of the non-native grassland or ruderal habitat used for foraging or nesting is not considered a significant impact to special status wildlife species.However,loss of or disruption of nesting populations of special status wildlife may be considered a significant impact by the resources agencies.(Potentially Significant) Several kit fox surveys have been recently conducted in the vicinity of the study area,and it is uncertain to what degree kit fox are present.However,the absence of kit fox sightings in the vicinity of the sturdy area does not eliminate the potential of occurrence because animals have seasonal movement patterns and may disperse from ether occupied portions of their ranges.The study area is located within the northwestern portion of the kit fax's range,is contiguous with areas that support recent documented sightings of kit fox,and is ecologically suitable for supporting the kit fox. Loss of habitat for this potentially occurring species may be considered significant by the USFWS. SJC/J:iWORKf 131768.RW1EIR1100314R=-.DOC 3-119 353 3 EwIRONmarrAL SarT'tING,IMPACTS,AND mmGA ACN Several special status species are known to occur in wetlands(such as creeks and pends) scattered throughout the vicinity of the study area(e.g.,California.tiger salamander, California red-legged frog,tri-colored blackbird.,and western pond turtle).Several creeks are crossed by the proposed alignments and several tank and pump sites are situated nearby wetlands resources.The exact creek crossing methodology has not been developed, but wetlands resources potentially could be last or impacted during installation of the pipeline in existing or planned roadways,or during construction of proposed tankand pump sites.Impacts to potentially occurring special status wildlife species may be considered significant by the resources agencies. Impact 3.9.3—Loss and Disruption of Non-native Grassland and Landscaped Vegetation It is anticipated that a narrow strip of vegetation(about 10 feet wide) adjacent to both sides of the proposed alignments would be temporarily disturbed or lost during construction. In total,this loss may be several acres,however,this habitat has low potential to support rare plant species.Therefore,this loss is not considered a significant impact. (Less than Significant) Several special status wildlife species use non-native grasslands in the study area for foraging or den or nesting habitat. Impacts to wildlifeinclude not only the temporary disturbance or direct loss of this habitat,but also include some disruption of adjacent habitats from the proximity of human activity.However,this narrow strip of vegetation has a low habitat value due in part to the prevalence of landscaped,non-native grassland,and ruderal vegetation,and to its proximity to existing or planned roadways. Impact 3.9.4--loss and disruption of Wetlands Resources and Willow Riparian Woodland The proposed tank and pump sites were selected and refined in order to avoid wetland areas wherever possible.However,several creeks are crossed by the proposed alignments, and some pump sites are located in the vicinity of wetlands resources.The permanent loss of or disruption of waters of the U.S. (including wetlands)and willow riparian woodland habitat is considered a significant impact,and would be subject to mitigation and permitting�requirements by the USACOE and CDFG. (potentially Significant) 3.9.3 Mitigation The following mitigation measures will be incorporated into the project to reduce significant biological resources impacts to less than significant levels. Mitigation 3.9.1-4mpacts to Potentially{occurring Rare Plants and Native Vegetation During preparation of final plans,all sites will be evaluated for the potential occurrence of rare plant species.Those sites that potentially could support rare plants will be subjected to focused rare plant surveys.'These surveys will be conducted during the appropriate time of year necessary for species identification in order to determine species'presence.If rare plants are encountered during focused surveys,appropriate mitigation measures that reduce the impacts to an insignificant level will be developed in coordination with the resources agencies.The specific type of.mitigation would depend on the particular rare plant species found. If no rare plants are encountered during focused surveys,then it could be concluded that no significant impacts to rare plants would occur as a result of project implementation. SdC/J;IWCPK131768.RMEI81100314RE.DW 3.120 3559 3 ENWRONMWAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MTIGATION Mitigation 3.9.2--4mpacts to Potentially Occurring Wildlife Species of Concern After final plans are developed,all sites will be evaluated for the potential of special status wildlife species occurrence. Those sites that potentially could support special status wildlife species will be subject to preconstruction surveys.Depending on the target species,the preconstruction surveys would vary in the appropriate survey timing and the level of effort required,and would be developed in coordination with the resources agencies. If preconstruction surveys identify special status species presence,then appropriate mitigation measures that reduce the impacts to an insignificant level must be developed and approved by the resources agencies.If preconstruction surveys determine that no special status wildlife species occur in the study area,then it may be concluded that no significant impacts to special status wildlife species would occur as a result of project implementation. Mitigation 3.9.3W-Loss and Disruption of Non-native Grassland and Landscaped Vegetation All areas along the proposed alignment disturbed by construction would be reseeded as soon as possible after construction(but before fall rains)with a grass and forb mixture to reduce erosion hazards.The goal of this reseeding effort is to provide for erosion control and not to recreate a native grassland community,therefore,hydromulching with a non- native grass and forb mix would be appropriate.If landscaped vegetation is removed along existing roads or residences,it shall be replaced in kind at a 1.1 ratio with appropriate landscaping species. All ground disturbed in the tank,pump,and ASR well sites shall also be reseeded as soon as possible(but before fall rains)with a seed and forb mix as determined appropriate on a site-specific basis by a qualified revegetation and/or erosion control specialist. Removal or disturbance of native vegetation will be avoided and minimized wherever possible. If landscaped species are removed,they shall be replaced at a 1:1 ratio with plant species typical of landscaped areas that are appropriate to the climatic and aesthetic site conditions. Mitigation 3.9.4—Loss and Disruption of Wetlands Resources and Willow Riparian Woodland Wetlands delineations and the appropriate permits will be required of any area potentially affected by project activities.Typically,these permits require mitigation plans for created wetlands and must include detailed information such as the type of wetland to be created, how it will be created,where it will be located,and a monitoring plan by which to gauge and document wetland creation success.In addition,preconstruction special status surveys for potentially occurring special status species will be required (typically no greater than 60 days before construction).The,appropriate survey timing and level of effort will be dependent upon the target species,and the specific survey protocol would be approved by the resource agencies.If special status species are encountered during the preconstruction surveys,appropriate measures to avoid impacts to these species will be developed in coordination with the resources agencies. 360 SJC/J:\WORK\131768.RW\EIR\100314RE.DOC 3-121 3 €WPONMENTAL SUTtNig,EINPACTS,AND W'nGA710N 3.9.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Biological Resources Table 3-23 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for biological resources.The table indicates to which Program facilities and towhich customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison.A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 361 SJCIJ-\WORK\131768.RWXEIRt100314RE.LXX 3.122 M -_ i rs o w d .a A F� 41 � .a•• Otf tj '�'' �1�, S�'✓� vCy�A � � '�,�+lj S% `� ��p 'O•i ''r' N a > � ✓ � .'•n d Sy � .tiy r'C>GA yd'. 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O O O .`,� q N O bfl ✓� � v res� U N G � j �'D 'KSS A ;^, � N ,� N i1' ✓"' C) �• C+ �G ^= i G yA, r iJs N .G O > s � � G �'G� c6 a W u p d; CL � 'N .� �^ C..) r r "S�G « q � � � � � G, y n a � "y d c y >»` sn ,G��y � A •,, M o as a,y "G "� r. A N r yG s �s r3 O y G , u ocO"A O y rs ✓� q N G ty A ra 't"` O N •`"' �• i•X r N O �"' i GG R O- '✓ V� y rs 6 UG '.:ei +•`'. CY '.n,G�. y� "' O -t•�+' r' w .O+ '✓ N ''� 00 . c O G o•"¢N O,A � O y � � v � y •�.y' n p,r cP u � �•n � \ ` , N Sr•p O a �' e0aO'CS •4 G t © P G r P 41 f. a 00 00 1 �t: 3 ENVRONMWAL SEMNG,IMPACTS,AND MMGATICN 3.10 Human Health and Safety 3.10.1 Existing Environmental Setting Parr,school grounds,recreation fields,golf courses,planted road medians,and tither significant landscaped areas exist in the study area.Most of these areas are accessible by the public.These areas are presently irrigated with potable water that is delivered to customers via a closed pipe system that assures segregation of the water from the environment and provides adequate pressure to operate irrigation systems.Potable water systems are designed to preclude water re-entering the system from customer facilities and other sources.The potable water is treated prior to delivery to meet public health standards. The DERWA Program,will provide recycled water to many of these customers for irrigation.The transmission and distribution system for recycled water will be independent of and separate from the potable water system.Proposed pipeline alignments for the project will cross or run in proximity to underground potable water lines. Regulatory Background In the San Francisco Bay area.,the California Department of Health Services(DOHS),the Regional Water Quality Control Board,San Francisco Bay Region(RWQCB),and local county health departments are charged with developing and enforcing a variety of regulations,standards,and criteria that protect the public health in relation to the use of recycled municipal wastewater.All water recycling plants in California,including the DSRSD plant,operate under permitting requirements which regulate the quality of the water discharged from the plant.These regulations protect public health from possible exposure to pathogens as well as organic and inorganic contaminants.The effluent from the DSRSD plant must meet strict Waste Discharge Permit requirements.This permit is issued by the RWQCB.The perrnit requirements include monitoring for a variety of constituents. Chapter 3 of Division 4{Sections 6€1301 through 6€}355)of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations(CCR),entitled Wastewater Reclamation Criteria,specifies criteria for the use of recycled water in applications including landscape irrigation,recreational impoundments, and groundwater recharge.present regulatory requirements for landscape irrigation projects are set forth in Article 4 of Chapter 3.Under these requirements,and requirements set forth in Title 22 for recycled water uses in general,waters used for landscape irrigation, surface water impoundments,and groundwater recharge"...shall at all tunes be of a quality that fully protects public health." In the past,this has meant that approval of recycled water use projects by DOHS and RWQCB were made on a case-by-case basis. Each potential project was evaluated by the local RWQCB based on certain factors including the level of treatment provided,effluent quality,and water use site characteristics.In light of increasing interest to develop recycled water resources for beneficial purposes,the DOHS has issued a revised draft of the Title 22 recycled water regulations dated November 1995.When promulgated,the new regulations will encourage increased use of recycled water for irrigation projects and other beneficial uses,while increasing the already high level of public health protection.. SJCIJ.*\WORM131788.R' \EIR\100314PE.DOC 3-124 3 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SEMNG,JMPACTS,AND MMGA'nON Regulatory Requirements With regard to the control of pathogens,the Wastewater Reclamation Criteria contained in CCR Title 22 establish levels of treatment required for the use of recycled water based on the intended end use.These regulations are designed to address public health issues related to exposure to microbial pathogens.The principal pathways of exposure considered by the regulations are ingestion and inhalation;skin contact is not considered to be a significant pathway for pathogens to enter the body. When the intended use of the recycled water is for the irrigation of parks,school grounds,golf courses with houses along the fairways,and other areas with similar public exposure,Title 22 requires that the water be treated to a quality suitable for unrestricted'nonpotable use.This level of recycled water treatment is the most stringent in the United States,and requires that the water be adequately oxidized,coagulated,clarified,filtered,and disinfected to achieve a median total coliform level not exceeding 2.2 MPN(most probable number)per 100 milliliters. In addition,DOHS typically requires that the turbidity of the wastewater following filtration and prior to disinfection be consistently bellow 2 nephelometric turbidity units(NTU).For comparison with the Title 22 requirements,the National Primary Drinking Water Standards require that there must be nondetection of coliforms in 95 percent of samples analyzed. In effect,the criterion of 2.2 MPN per 100,milliliters of total coliform is treated as an indicator for all pathogens within the wastewater,because treating the wastewater to such a high degree reduces other pathogens to levels safe for the intended use of the water.The adequacy of the Title 22 treatment process requirements was addressed in a 5-year study in Monterey County,in which the safety of using highly treated recycled water for irrigation of vegetables eaten raw was investigated.In this study,two levels of treatment were used,including the full Titre 22 level involving coagulation,clarification,filtration,and disinfection and a second level omitting clarification.Viruses in the influent to the treatment processes averaged 22 plaque forming units(PFU)per liter(ranging from 1 to 734 PFU/i).During the 5-year period,no viruses were recovered from the disinfected effluent of either process.Further,no viruses were recovered from any of the crops or soils that had been irrigated with the two waters. In fact,to achieve one of the planned study goals,which was to determine the survival time of viruses on the crops and soils,a virus had to be added back into the irrigation water. Even though recycled water intended for unrestricted use is treated to a high level(a level that allows it to be used for full body contact sports such as swimming and for the irrigation of food crops),it is still considered to be nonpotable.For this reason,the state regulations require that there must be assurance that cross connections between a recycled water pipeline and a potable water pipeline do not occur and that protective measures,such as backflow prevention devices,be used where appropriate(Section 7604,Title 17,CCR).In addition,one of the recently proposed revisions to the Title 22 regulations would require that no recycled water be applied as irrigation water within 50 feet of any drinking water supply well (proposed Section 60313[b],Title 22,CCR.). Hazardous Materials A material is considered hazardous if it appears on a list of hazardous materials prepared by a federal,state,or local agency,or if it has characteristics defined as hazardous by such an agency.Chemical and physical properties cause a substance to be considered hazardous, including the properties of toxicity,ignitability,corrosivity,and reactivity. A hazardous waste is any hazardous material that is discarded,abandoned, or to be recycled. 364 WC/J:IWORK1131768.RWiEIM100314RE.DOC 3`125 3 ENVffMMW ALSEMNG,IMPACTS,AND MMATION Federal and state laws require detailed planning to ensure that hazardous materials are properly handled,used,stored and disposed of,and in the event that such materials are accidentally released,to prevent or to mitigate injury to health or the environment.The Federal Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 imposes hazardous materials planning requirements to help protect local communities in the event of accidental release. Storage of hazardous materials in underground tanks is regulated by the State Water Resources Control Board,which has overall responsibility for implementing all regulations set forth in Title 23 of the CCR.State standards cover installation and monitoring of new tanks,monitoring of existing tanks,and corrective actions for removed tanks.State underground storage tank regulations,including permitting for all hazardous materials storage,are enforced by local fire department. The U.S.Department of Transportation regulated hazardous materials transportation between states:State agencies with primary responsibility for enforcing federal and state regulations and responding to hazardous materials transportation emergencies are the California Highway Patrol and the California Department of Transportation.Together, these agencies determine container types used and license hazardous waste haulers for hazardous waste transportation on public roads. The California DTSC regulates the generation,transportation,treatment,storage and disposal of hazardous waste under the Federal Resource Conservation.and Recovery Act and the State Hazardous Waste Control Law.Both laws impose"cradle to grave"regulatory systems for handling hazardous waste in a manner that protects human health and the environment. EPA regulates the management of hazardous materials and wastes.The primary federal hazardous materials and waste laws are contained in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act(RCRA),the Comprehensive Environmental Response,Compensation and Liability Act(CERCLA),and the Toxic Substances Control Act(TSCA).These laws apply to hazardous waste management,soil and groundwater contamination,and the controlled use of particular chemicals.In California,EPA has delegated most of its regulatory responsibilities to the state.TSCA allows EPA to ban(or phase out)the use of chemicals that may present unreasonable risks to public health or the environment. The state agencies most involved in enforcing public health and safety laws and regulations include the DTSC,the California Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Cal/OSHA),the RWQCB,the BAAQMD,and the California Integrated Waste Management Board.DTSC enforces hazardous materials and waste regulations in California under the authority of EPA.California's Hazardous Waste Control Law incorporates the federal hazardous materials and waste standards of RCRA,but California's regulations are stricter in many respects.In California,Cal/OSHA assumes primary responsibility for enforcing worker safety regulations such as the federal Hazard Communication Program regulations. Cal/OSHA regulations are found in the CCR Title 8. Although Cal/OSHA regulations have incorporated federal OSHA standards,Cal/OSHA regulations are generally more stringent than those of the federal government. The study area is located in Alameda and Contra Costa Counties.The Alameda County Health Care Services Agency,Department of Environmental Health is the primary agency responsible for the management of hazardous materials and wastes in Alameda County. 365 SJUJAWORV 31768AME1R11003148E.DX 3.126 3 ENVIRONMer,AL SMING,NPACFS,AND MIMA11ON The Department is responsible for hazardous waste generator and hauler inspections, underground storage tank regulation,emergency response,hazardous site cleanup,and waste recycling and recovery.The Contra Costa County Environmental Health Department, Hazardous Material Division is the primary agency responsible for the management of hazardous materials and wastes in Contra Costa County. CEQA requires lead agencies to determine whether or not a project,or any alternative to a project,is located on a site that is included on CEPA's Hazardous Waste and Substances Sites List(Cortese List). A review of the latest version of this list and other resources resulted in the identification of 32 sites within one-quarter mile radius of proposed transmission and distribution line alignments. Existing Chemical Use at DSRSD Treatment Plant The DSRSD treatment plant currently uses approximately 36,000 gallons per month of sodium hypochlorite,4,500 gallons per month of ferric chloride,and 9,000 gallons per month of sodium hydroxide.All three of these chemicals are listed in Appendix X of Section 66261.126 of the California Code of Regulations as potential hazardous wastes and materials.None of these chemicals are considered to be acutely hazardous materials by the EPA(40 CFR Part 355 Sections 302 and 304).All three of these materials are transported in solution by tanker truck and stored in aboveground storage tanks with secondary containment.There would be no increase in the storage,handling and/or use of these materials at the DSRSD plant with implementation of the DERWA Program. Routine operations at the plant produce small amounts of hazardous wastes,primarily waste chemical from laboratory tests and spent cleaning solvents.These wastes are handled and disposed according to state and local regulations.Hazardous wastes generated at the plant are logged with an EPA waste generator number and transported away by a licensed waste hauler. 3.10.2 Impacts Significance Criteria Potential impacts on public health and safety resulting from implementation of the proposed project would be considered signrcant if the project would create a potential public health hazard or involve the use,production,or disposal of materials that pose a hazard to people in the project area. Impact 3.10.1--Haman Health Affected by Use of Recycled Water Recycled water is derived from wastewater.Wastewater can pose health risk to people who are exposed to it when it is not fully treated.These health risks include the potential for pathogens in recycled wastewater,and other constituents commonly found in recycled water such as heavy metals,nitrates,and salts.Table 3-9 in Section 3.3,Salinity,Soils and Vegetation,presents the quality characteristics of the recycled water produced by DSRSD and,for comparative purposes,four cities in the United States that operate urban water reuse programs. Also shown are the national drinking water standards for the constituents found in the recycled water. These standards are based on health criteria and are enforceable. Secondary standards,addressing such water characteristics as color,odor,and taste,are based on consumer preference and are not mandatory requirements. 5JC/J.(WORK1131788.RW1EIR1100314FIE.WC 3-127 Go 3 EWRONMENTALSEMNr.,iwAcTs,AND MlTii noN As noted in Table 3-9,the heavy metals for which primary or secondary standards have been established include arsenic through zinc.The concentrations of these heavy metals in the DSRSD's recycled water are consistently below the applicable water quality standards, by as much as several orders of magnitude in some. Chloride and nitrate are not acutely toxic substances and would pose no threat to people coming into contact with the water or accidentally ingesting small quantities of the water.Similarly,because the relevant standard for TOS is a secondary standard,based primarily on taste,this constituent would also pose no threat to people coming into contact with the water or accidentally ingesting the water. Therefore,none of the heavy metals or other constituents present in DSRSD's recycled writer are at concentrations high enough to pose a acute threat to human health if the water were used as proposed for landscape irrigation or if it carne into contact with people through some other pathway(e.g.,in a recreational impoundment or because of a pipeline rupture),even in the unlikely event that the water was accidentally consumed.(Less than Significant) Impact 3.10.2--Constructions Operation Could Create Safety Risks Construction and operational activities associated with the project could create unsafe conditions for workers or the public.All of the areas within which Program construction activities would take place are currently developed to some extent.The DSRSD treatment plant is closed to the general public and maintains standard worker safety and emergency response plans.These safety and response plans contain a hazardous materials inventory,site maps,emergency response procedures,a training plan,fire prevention plans,post-emergency plan,and documentation of arrangements made with local emergency response agencies. The project would not involve a substantial increase in the use of chemicals or hazardous substances at the DSRSD plant,nor the development of new structures or equipment at the plant that wound be accessible or might be considered an"attractive nuisance"to the general public.The proposed recycled water tanks and ancillary structures would be surrounded by a security fence. (Less than Significant) Impact 3.10.3 Exposure to Contaminated Soil During Construction Construction workers could be exposed to contaminated soil as a result of facilities construction,or disturbance of contaminated areas could inadvertently expose people to hazardous materials or could degrade the environment further. (Potentially Significant) As indicated in Table 3-24,there are several soil and groundwater contamination incidents on properties immediately adjacent to pipeline alignments.if contamination extends into the pipeline alignments,risks to workers and the public would be greater because risk- reducing precautions might not be taken during site development.Actual physical impacts of these activities would depend on many factors,including the types and properties of contaminants and the nature and duration of human exposure. Impact 3.10.4 Potential Contamination of ASR Wells The potential exists for proposed ASR well locations to be contaminated from spills leaks, and other discharges of hazardous materials or wastes from historical underground fuel tanks,or pesticide use and storage. Existing contamination may contaminate injected waters and/or diminish beneficial uses of water to be reused if ASR is implemented as part of the Program. (Less than.Significant) 367 SJCIJ:,WORM131766.RW1EIR IOD314RE.DOC 3-128 TABLE3-24 Known Hazardous Material Leaking Release Incidents Within One-Half Mile of Pipe Ane AIF nments Business/Address Approx.Distance from Alignment Media Affected Lew Dotty Cadillac 1,000 Groundwater(case closed) 5787 Scarlett Court Shen 300 Groundwater 3790 Hopyard Road Chevron >1,320 Groundwater 5280 Hopyard Road Shell >1,320 Groundwater 5251 Hopyard Road Valley Nissan Volvo 1,300 Soil(case closed) 6015 Scarlett Court Scottsrnan Company 1,300 Groundwater(case closest) 6055 Scarlett Court Lemoane Property 1,300 Groundwater 6085 Scarlett Court CCB Bancorp 600 unknown 6301 Scarlett Court Dublin Rock and Ready Mix Soo soil 6393 Scar€ett Court BP ail 5o Groundwater 6400 Dublin Boulevard Unocal 5o Grounder 6401 Dublin Boulevard American Cities Tire Service 600 Groundwater(case closed) 6310 Houston Plane American Building Components 300 soil 6253 Dougherty Road Agorra Binding Supply 300 Soil only(case closed) Company' 5965 Dougherty Road Diffingham Construction Site 5o Groundwater(case closed) 7280 Johnson Drive Nuclepore Corporation 1,200 unknown 7035 Commerce Circle Tri Valley Herald 300 soil 7132€7 Johnson Drive Old Herald News 50 Groundwater 6207 Sierra Court Lucky 300 Unknown 6300 Clarke Avenue Corwood Carwash 5o soil 6973 Village Parkway Texaco Station 5o Groundwater(case closed) 9499 Alcosta Boulevard Chevron 1,200 Groundwater 7240 Dublin Boulevard Shell 50 Groundwater 7194 Amador Valley Boulevard Arca 5o Groundwater 7249 Village Parkway Target 50 groundwater 7200 Amador Valley;Boulevard BP f7il 50 Groundwater 7194 Village Parkway Unocal 200 Groundwater 7375 Amador Valley Boulevard Dodge Property 600 Groundwater 7400 Amador Valley Boulevard Chevron 50 Groundwater 9401 Village Parkway Eastman Kodak Company 50 Groundwater 9100 Aisxosta Boulevard Exxon 400 Groundwater(case closed) 9096 Alcosta Boulevard 368 Mobil >1,300 Groundwater 8998 Alcosta Boulevard ESA,1996;CEPA Hazardous Waste and Substances Sites List,1994 3-'129 S /J:tWORK1131768.RW1EiR17ABLE3-24.DX 3 ENVIRONMWALSETT G,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION 3.10.3 Mitigation The following mitigation measures will be included in the project to reduce public health and safety impacts to less than significant levels. Mitigation 3.10.1--Human Health Affected by Use of Recycled Water Recycled wafer would not be used as a potable water supply,nor would it be used to directly recharge potable groundwater supplies.The potential for impacts to groundwater quality as a result of ASR operations is discussed in Section 3.1.2 of this EIR. The recycled water produced by the DSRSD plant would meet the stringent Title 22 treatment requirements for unrestricted use.This level of treatment has proven to be, through bath independent study and the test of time,fully protective of human health with regard to microbial pathogens.Because of the extensive level of treatment required,the water can be safely used for landscape irrigation,water contact sports,and the irrigation of food crops.Special signage will be posted in areas where recycled water is used.For these reasons,use of the recycled water for landscape irrigation as proposed under the Program would not pose a substantial threat to public health with regard to microbial pathogens. Similarly,any release of recycled water in the event of a distribution pipeline rupture would also not pose a substantial threat to.public health with regard to microbial pathogens. Mitigation 3.10.2—Construction and Operations Could Create Safety Risks Safety concerns regarding workers and the general public during construction would be addressed by compliance with Occupational Health and Safety Administration(OSHA) regulations.The potential for safety hazards to workers,vehicle passengers,and pedestrians during construction as a result of temporary modifications to traffic patterns is addressed in Section 3.8,Traffic and Circulation.Section 3.8 also addresses the need to ensure adequate passage for emergency vehicles during construction.OSHA regulations would also address worker safety issues during the ongoing operation of the DSRSD plant and irrigation systems.Once completed,the distribution pipeline would be buried underground and would be secure,such that no structural hazards(e.g.,unexpected holes or structures in roadways)would remain. Mitigation 3.10.3i--Exposure to Contaminated Soil During Construction Site safety plans shall be prepared for construction crews that addresses the potential for encountering hazardous materials daring trenching and well augering,as well as a protocol for employing personal protective equipment.On-site screening of auger spoils with a photoionization detector will be conducted as necessary.If screening indicates the presence of contaminated soils,additional worker safety measures should be implemented.Auger spoils would need to be separated and disposed of or treated separately,in accordance with hazardous waste laws. Mitigation 3.10,4--Potential Contamination of ASR Wells ASR wells would be drilled to a depth of 500 feet.These depths would be well below the upper aquifer where contamination from underground tank leaks would typically exist. ASR wells would also be encased,which would provide an impermeable separation 369 between the well interior and any potential contaminated groundwater or soil in the upper SJC/J,tWORK1131768.RVV\EIM100314RE.Doo 3-130 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SE nNG,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION aquifer.Consequently,no viable pathway would exist for injected treated wastewater to be contaminated by existing soil or groundwater contamination from know spill or leak incidents in the proposed well locations. 3.10.4 Summary of ImpacWN11 igation for Human Health and Safety Table 3-25 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for human health and safety.The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison.A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 370 SJCIJd kWORK1131788.RVV EIR11OD314RE.DOC 8-181 cv E� cc d � c Ul :G OA D a bpi � w � rd trf x N C�3 .!4 .R�. S'.. 6i 'O " qp R� "KS U r"G+ Q cu U �;,, dl R to Ci O tt Q 0 C C a O p pj a� al �G �s OO u ° to o �L Q 4 pp•• 'o u y b fr y c L� CL co c5 c c a " R .S to a bo .� cl� o y C' bbo;y � � v� � w m o � ' w .� . �yQ u U �R05 y•=� �k.4 'p ria w �; Ss'6 O ✓' b •aXi ' p to >1Cy O bA "C7 R '4 G • O+". b Q C R '� .�, .s4 4 .'' 7. zps y v u E O y o CI t1a Cl i • O " tU. u 3 •� . y 'y H i° + R w G O GQi m 5 R y oRi O d uy « O J+ eQC y O zasra Tl dA++ �✓ Q ,A H { 4 0 '^ °' ti bo vi Ay a W ric y `� e1 is Q 'i C4 vA Q P? b a c "' o CI _ 5 bo ci o3tica „ c3a, � •tea y� Y3 y y y v) car O 21 G1 a Q G ami a �D au �c K 1� R X, ,Q p R 4t C •.Q C `m etl O eA i7,,,"' 6 Oy {'. >•+ rt7 c c x, y a dw ti "a �� 3 mU $ = a 72 A. k s a .ljo may' �, w v � � ani •,� o �, ��� 6 O.'�' 6 .sj y O43 R M '.p C 'L' Q,as R .0 G U ;a .2 cr G o a R Q a > �m � C V R5 . ~ ,G .y. .. CS i yp R c �R V a E E R ': R c u � o c a 0 v � 3ccj�rr36 R� " + 'G� cin °o r 3svwo H Li GQ w C� G C 1 C� Q a� aui 6; v Q A cin Q ad a �Q O R cr 'y c5 R a Ru O 7u y �y n C > ., e� O C a x is y. R O Y n u R 60 Y' � oF � > � � � L � o E x �, R , tea, � •woo s �ca w Ei f�7QeQQ toN c y :- "0 a Q � r4 o u r- ;: ',�" a U w v 'Q' R 0. C O N C c� •X qj e c a` v Q X c is o cc O `C5 R p p..II •ea C? a O.• E E Ci Q to C Q a u p 7 Q tri u sa ro O } O r 7 cs '': uas' z �, .a C i u u a C CCL G R O ,�, 'mus ,� .0 cx N `u :A y •C " .QU. O v L b�0 u"rte! M a w U ti C Z; pp io F: 4; 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACT'S,AND MITIGATION 3,11 Cultural resources 3.11.1 Existing Environmental Setting The study area lies within.the San Ramon and Livermore-Amador Valleys,which are situated within the Chochenyo territory of the Costanoan Indians.The term"Costanoan"is derived from the Spanish word Costanos,meaning "coast people"or"coastal dweller." Costanoan is part of the larger Penutian or Utian language stock spoken by other central California Indian groups known as the Wintun,Maidu,Miwok,and Yokuts. Chochenyo constitutes the northernmost extension of the Costanoan language groups,and was spoken by the tribelets "...occupying the east shore of San Francisco Bay between Richmond and Mission San Jose,and probably also in the Livermore Valley,by about 2,000 people" (Levy, 1978). Linguistic data suggest that the Costanoans moved into the Bay area around Ali 500 and replaced-earlier native groups. In addition to the possible presence of different tribelets of Costanoans,the Amador Valley may have been subject to periodic intrusions by Northern Valley Yokut groups who were present in the eastern area beyond the Diablo Range into the San Joaquin Valley.The study area is situated in the approximate vicinity of a number of known aboriginal trails. The Costanoan subsistence pattern was focused on the collecting and hunting of seasonally available resources.Acorns were a primary staple and were supplemented by other vegetal resources and hunting,fishing,and marine resource collection.The Costanoan occupied one or more semi-permanent villages and several temporary camps used for seasonal resource collection.Primary settlements were located on high ground at the mouth of rivers and along major watercourses.Dwellings were dome-shaped and constructed of thatch. A number of Spanish exploring expeditions passed through the territory occupied by the Costanoan Indians between 1769 and 1776 in Alameda County.These included the expeditions led by Portola,Fages,Fages and Crespi,and Anza,Rivera and Moraga.The initial historic exploration of the San Ramon-Amador-Livermore Valley region occurred from 1769 to 1810. After the era of exploration within the province of Alta California,four institutions were used to settle the land. the missions,the presidios,the pueblos,and the ranchos.Of the four,the missions were the most successful.In 1797,Mission San Jose was established,the fourteenth of 21 missions established in California.As one of seven missions within. Costanoan territory,Mission San Jose would have been the mission with the greatest impact on the local population living in the vicinity of the study area. The Costanoan aboriginal lifeway apparently disappeared by 1810 due to its disruption by EuroAmerican diseases,a declining birth rate,and the impact of the mission system.The Costanoan were transformed from hunters and gatherers into agricultural laborers who lived at the missions and worked with former neighboring groups such as the Esselen, Yokuts,and Miwok(Levy, 1978).Some Costanoans returned to traditional religious and subsistence practices while others labored on Mexican ranchos. After the secularization of the mission by Mexico in 1833,an act which was to also liberate the Native American population,vast tracts of mission lands were granted to individual citizens.Mexican land grants in the Livermore-Amador Valley include San Ramon,Santa 372 SJC/J-\WOR113178$.RWSR\100314RE.DOC 3-133 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION Rita,Valle de San Jose,and Las Positas.The study area was probably used for livestock grazing as well as for raising cattle for tallow and hides:this was the major economic pursuit of California during this time.In 1852,a portion of Amador's former rancho was purchased by James Witt Dougherty,after whom Dougherty Valley(a portion of the study area)was named.The town of Dublin,initially known as Dougherty's,was named after this same settler;he was the first Anglo-American settler of what was to became the town in 1852. In the mid-19th century,most of the rancho and pueblo lands in California were subdivided as the result of population growth and the transfer of real estate to American owners.The initial explosion in population was associated with the Gold Rush(1848),followed later by the construction of the transcontinental railroad(1.869).The development of the refrigerator railroad car in the 1880s,used for the transport of agricultural produce to distant markets, also had a major impact on population growth.The agricultural land use pattern begun in the Hispanic Period,and reinforced in the American Period,has continued to until recently (1970s),though portions of the study area vicinity have only recently been impacted by the now rapid urban growth.The present-day economic diversity of the Amador and Livermore Valleys is underscored by the expansion of the urban areas and the relative decline of agriculture. Alameda County was carved from parts of Santa Clara and Contra Costa counties in 1853, and expanded rapidly after the completion of the Central Pacific Railroad terminus in Oakland in 1859 (Hart, 1978).The study area is located within the historic Murray Township of Alameda County.Throughout the 19th century,residents of.Murray Township engaged in agricultural and pastoral pursuits.The terrain was considered especially well adapted for sheep,but other livestock raised in the township included horses,cattle,and angora goats. The railroad,vehicle roads,and Dublin Canyon pass are the most important cultural and geographical features in the study area.The arrival of the Central Pacific Railroad in Contra Costa County in 1877,and its extension to San Ramon in 1890 and Danville in 1891,had:a major impact on the development of the San Ramon,Amador,Livermore,and Sunol Valleys. Several known archaeological and historical sites are located"within the DERWA study area. These sites are described below. CA-Ala-457 and CCo-509 represent the same archaeological site,located just east of Dougherty Road,about 45 meters north of the Contra Costa/Alameda county line within Camp Parks.The site consists of a scatter of quartzite hammerstones,a pestle fragment,and other worked cobbles. CA-Ala-462 is a scatter of ground and chipped stone tools located just east of Dougherty Road,south of Building 1180 on the western edge of the Camp Parks Military Reservation, west of Chanute Avenue.Artifacts present include hamrnerstones and possible choppers scattered on the slope of a lour knoll or terrace above a seasonal wetland area. CA-CCo-51.6 consists of a surface scatter of chipped and ground stone tools situated on a flat terrace on the east side of Dougherty Road at the base of hills in an area comprised of low wetlands. The site is located within Camp Parks. 373 SJCfJ:1WORK1131788.RW\EIR1100314RE.DOC 3.134 3 EWIRiNdMENTAL seer G,IMPACTS,AND M171GAMON CA-CCo-517 consists of an artifact scatter of cobble tools,basalt core tools,fossilized wood flakes,and metarnorphic rock cobble tools associated with a wetland area.The site is located on the east side of Dougherty Road near the intersection of Old Ranch Road within Camp Parks.The site is located within Camp Parks. CA-CCo-529 is a scatter of chipped and ground stone tools situated in an area upslope from scattered historic wooden planks at the edge of a former marsh or wetland basin.The site is located on the east side of Dougherty Road about 100 meters south of its intersection with Old Ranch Road within Camp Parks.A hammerstone was found in the roadcut and may be associated with this site. CA-CCo-359H is a scatter of historic artifacts situated on an extensive flat adjacent to Eucalyptus and Live Oak trees.It is located on the southwest bank of Sycamore Creek about 1.4 km north of the junction of Blackhawk Road and Tassajara Road. The site record-form for CA-CCo 479H is missing from the Sonoma State archives and no information about the site is available at this time except for its map location. CA-CCo-360H is a sparse scatter of historic artifacts situated on a small flat on the south side,of an intermittent drainage,adjacent to fig and walnut trees.This site is located about 350 meters east of Blackhawk Road. 3.11.2 Impacts Significance Criteria The project would have a significant impact to cultural resources if it disrupts or adversely affects a prehistoric or historic archaeological site,or a property of historic or cultural significance to a community or ethnic or social group. The guidelines for interpreting and implementing CEQA are contained in Appendix K to the Guidelines.According to these guidelines,an important archaeological resource is one that "is associated with an event or person of recognized significant in California or American history or of recognized scientific importance in prehistory;can provide scientifically consequential and reasonable archaeological research questions;has a special or particular quality,such as oldest,best example,largest,or last surviving example of its kind;is at least lo0 years old and possesses substantial stratigraphic integrity;or involves important research questions that historical research has shown can be answered only with archaeological methods."For purposes of this EIR,a significant effect would occur if the integrity of a cultural resource that is eligible for listing on any one of the following lists would be compromised through demolition or alteration:National Register of Historic Places,California Historical Landmarks,California Inventory of Historical Resources,or Points of Historical Interest. DERWA facilities would consist primarily ofpipeline construction within existing,paved roadways or areas that have already been developed;construction of tank sites in relatively steep terrain;construction of pump stations in strategic locations along the pipeline alignment;possible installation of ASR wells.Following is a description of potential impacts to cultural resources relative to these facilities. This discussion is based on archival research. Pipelines With the exception of a section of Dougherty Road north of the Dublin Housing Authority, a section of Blackhawk Road north of Tassajara Road,and one location on Grow Canyon Road,the majority of the pipeline alignments do not coincide with the locations of known 374 SJC/J.kWORK1131768.RMEIR\100314RE-OM 3.135 3 ENY#RONMEW4 SE!"t W[► ACTS,AND NTMTION archaeological and/or historic sites.The align rnent along Dougherty Road directly coincides with prehistoric archaeological sites Ala-457,Ala-462,CCo-509,CCo-516,CCo-517 and CCo-519.The alignment along Blackhawk Road coincides with historic archaeological site CCo-359H.Site CCo-360H lies within 1/8 mile south of the Blackhawk Road alignment. Finally,site CCo-479H coincides with the alignment of Crow Canyon Road at Watson Canyon. Tank Sites None of the proposed tank sites are located on or adjacent to known archaeological or historic sites. Historic archaeological site CCo-419H is located north of Tassajara Road,east of Dougherty Road,along the southeastern bank of Alamo Creek.Site CCo-419H lies less than 1/4 mile northwest of the proposed location of tank T3. Pomp Stations With the excerption of pump station P7,none of the other proposed pump station sites are located on or adjacent to known archaeological or historic sites.Prehistoric archaeological site CCo-516 is located immediately adjacent to the eastern edge of Dougherty.road and may He under the read itself.Pump station P7 is also located near Alamo Creek;although there is not a known site associated with the Creek in this location,sites near water courses are considered sensitive relative to archaeological resources. ASR Wells None of the proposed ASR wells are located in areas near or adjacent to known archaeological resources. Impact 3.11.1--Construction of Tank T3 Could Affect an Historic Archaeological Site CA-CCo-419H is the original site of the McPherson homestead dating hack to the 1850s.It is located on an extensive flat and in a grave of non-native trees(Eucalyptus,fruit).Historic features include stone alignments that outline the foundation of the former homestead dwelling and traces of a,former outbuilding.Although the former structures are missing, the site has high potential to yield historic artifacts and features. (Potentially Significant) Impact 3.11.2--construction of Program Facilities Could Affect Prehistoric Archaeological Sites Known prehistoric archaeological sites are located in the vicinity of proposed facilities and could be affected by pipeline installation. (Potentially Significant) 3.11.3 mitigation The following mitigation measure will be incorporated into the project to reduce potentially significant cultural resources impacts to less than significant levels. Mitigation 3.11.1--Construction of Tank T3 Could Affect an Historic Archaeological Site Site reconnaissance will be performed during design to determine if tank construction will result in any adverse impact to CCo-419H.If adverse impact is indicated.,the tank site will either be relocated or a suitable research and testing program will be performed to evaluate whether CCo-419H is a"significant"resource.If CCo-419H is found to be a significant resource,a program to mitigate the adverse effects of construction on CCo-419H will be developed.CCo-419H is a historic archaeological site.Nevertheless,in the unlikely event that Native American skeletal remains are found during the site visit,site testing,or data 375 SJC/J:IWORKt13t768.RW1EIM104314RE= 3.13E 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SEMNG,1MPACTS,AND MMGATION recovery phases of the investigation,DERWA will fallow all applicable regulations set forth in CEQA and the Public Resources Cedes. Mitigation 3.11.2--Construction of Program Facilities Could Affect prehistoric Archaeological Sites Site reconnaissance will be performed during design to determine if construction will result in any adverse impact to the sites listed in Section 3.11.1.If adverse impact is indicated to any of these sites,the facilities will either be relocated or a suitable research and testing program to evaluate whether the affected archaeological sites are a "significant"resource will be performed.If any of these archaeological sites are is found to be a significant resource,a program to mitigate the adverse effects of project construction on them will be developed.It is possible that Native American skeletal remains will be found during subsurface testing or data recovery phases of the investigation. DERWA will follow all applicable regulations set forth in CEQA and the Public Resources Codes. 3.11.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Cultural Resources Table 3-26 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for cultural resources.The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison. A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 376 SJCIJ:tWOS.K1131768.RWrEIR\100314R€.DOC 3-937 T. _. �•., C as a H a d a d 0 H ro A � O r.. .r+ v W cn a u N O w � Y Cf26 U u G 'n p " Qenm i y e ESnA a �U a y eZ or i s An a vP� v ,� Ly tyCO p ,� p y w j b R at s Cw' bC1 c( C3 b h D T .4 ,.G w bo L) Oto Ea N a� u G c1 mow ; ° ." °° c°� � cr K7mrii � p -cs A t1 e8 tx .« O G d ~ ' O rii y0js O 0r 23 E A 2 mcc i ; o b � In w cs G n •ate �ro y :G Q u, �, d y p. n G in to a y4 CL i C'S. U d A U .� E x.0 ' f----� IW r" �` 3 EWRO WWAL SEMNG,IMPACTS;AVCS MMCWn0N 3.12 Aesthetlk a 3,12.1 Existing Environmental Setting The only components of the proposed project with the potential for permanent visual impacts are aboveground pump stations and tanks.The pipelines will be buried and most pump stations will be in underground structures.ASR well facilities will also be below ground surface.The visual setting for each of the pump stations and tanks varies, depending on its location in the study area.Construction of these aboveground components may be affected by municipal ordinances regarding ridgeline,hillside,or creek development. The Open Space Element of the San Raman General Plan has a policy to retain ridgelines and hillsides steeper than:20 percent slope as open.space. Structures within areas subject to the General Plan's Conservation Element are limited to a maximum height of 32 feet from the lowest to the highest points of the above ground structure.The Conservation Element prohibits structures within 100 feet(measured vertically)of the centerline of a major ridge - and within 50 feet(measured vertically)of the centerline of a minor ridge.This applies to property over 500 feet in elevation,portion of which have natural gradient in excess of 10 percent,and to property within 1,000 feet of a major or minor ridgeline. I-580 and Tassajara Road have been designated scenic corridors by Alameda County;Tank Site T10 would be partially visible from I--580. Aboveground Tanks and Pump Stations Information on pump station and tank characteristics and their locations are listed in Tables 2-3 and 2-4 in Chapter 2,and vicinity maps are shown in Figures 3-7 through 3-17 in Section 3.5.1,Land Use. Following is a description of the visual setting of these sites. Tank site T1 (elev.600')is in rolling Dills above residential development near Alcosta Boulevard and Old Ranch road in San Ramon.The site is characterized by open grassland, and much of it is visible from the residential areas.Portions of the site area may also be visible from.future Dougherty Valley residential developments.The site vicinity may also be used for recreational hiking by local residents. Tank site T2(elev.760') is near the EBlv1D Services Center,which has two existing,visible tanks.The site contains grass covered rolling terrain,and is adjacent to the Sycamore Valley Regional Open Space,a land bank with no access or development permitted. Tank site T2A(elev 760')is located in the open rolling hills east of the Canyon Lakes ' Country Club,beyond the end of Bollinger Canyon Lane and the surrounding residential area.. T3,T3A,T5,T5A,T6,and T7 are located in open areas consisting primarily of grass-covered rolling hills and valleys with small drainage swales and creeks.'These areas are planned for development over the next 20 years as part of the planned Dougherty Valley developments and the proposed Tassajara Valley development.As these areas are developed,there may be issues with ordinances concerning visual quality of open space,hilltop and ridgeline development,and creek development.For example,the specific plans for Dougherty Valley i i SJCIJ:1WORM131768.RWT-]R\100314RE.DM 3-139 378 3 EN;momENTAL sEMNG,impAcTS,Am mr CAroN establish viewshed buffer zones by locating no housing closer that 100 feet to a major ridgeline.Contra Costa County Planning policies emphasize protection of visual qualities of ridges. The T4(elev 1,230')tank site is at the existing EBMUD tank site in Blackhawk,located in grass covered rolling hills adjacent to the Blackhawk Sports Complex and pool and Mt. Diablo Stag Park.T4 may be visible from the Sports Complex and portions of the residential development.Two existing storage tanks with exteriors that blend in with the hillside are located such that they do not rise noticeably higher than the tops of the surrounding hills. Tank site TSA is in rolling hill county east of Como Way and north of Los Robles Court,in the vicinity of Crow-Canyon Country Club.The open Sherburne Hills are to the northeast. Tank site T10 is on a hill west of Dolan Canyon,above 1-580.It may be partially visible from the 1-580. The site for pump station P1 is at the existing water treatment plant and should have no impact on aesthetic or visual resources.Pump stations P2,P2A,P3,P3A,P4,NA,P7,P9, and P10 would be buried and would have no permanent aesthetic or visual impacts.By virtue of their location or the fact that they are below grade in vaults or other subterranean structures,these pump stations are expected to have no impact on aesthetics. Pump stations P5 and P6 are aboveground facilities.All other pump stations are in buried vaults. Pump station site P5 is on agricultural land east of Tassajara Road,near the county line.Pump station P6 is also in agricultural land west of Camino Tassajara. 3.12.2 Impacts Significance Criteria The project would result in a significant visual impact �(it would have a substantial,demonstrable negative aesthetic effect.A negative aesthetic effect is likely to occur if there are significant alterations or contrasts to existing visual resources,and adverse viewer responses to those changes, andjor if the proposed action conflicts with an adopted policy regarding aesthetic and visual resources in the community where it is located.As discussed above,the pipeline would be buried and would have no permanent aesthetic or visual impacts. The only components of the proposed project with the potential for permanent visual impacts are the aboveground pump stations and tanks. Impact 3.12.1--Visual Impacts of Pump Stations P5,P6,and P7 Pump stations P5,P6,and P7 would be aboveground structures that would be visible to nearby land uses. These sites are in currently undeveloped land. (Less than Significant) Impact 3.12.2--Visual Impacts of Storage Tanks All Program storage tanks are proposed at this time to be aboveground and/or partially buried.All tanks will be visible to surrounding land uses,though to a varying degree as described below.Storage tanks save the potential to have negative aesthetic effects to surrounding properties.(Potentially Significant) Tank Tl has potential for significant aesthetic and visual impacts.The tank site is at an elevation of 600 feet in an area with a natural gradient greater than 10 percent.The T1 site is SJCIJ:iWORM131768.RMEIR\10031 E,DOC 3-146 t 3 # 9 3 € iRoNMEwAL s&'F7m,IMPACTS,AIS M1'mA'noN also within 1,000 feet of a minor ridgeline.As a result,the site falls under the development provisions of the City of San Ramon Conservation Element,Resource,Conservation Overlay provision,which are intended in part to protect open space resources.The'11 location does not appear to be within 100 vertical feet of a Major Ridgeline,as indicated on the Ridgeline and Creek Protection Zone Map of the Conservation Element.The site has an existing natural slope greater than 20 percent,and therefore does not meet the provisions of the Conservation Element. The Conservation Element prohibits structures in land with an existing natural slope in excess of 20 percent with a minimum elevation differential of 40 feet and a minimum contiguous area of 3 acres.T1 is 40 feet high and 1.97 feet in diameter,and would be the most significant manmade structure in the surrounding undeveloped rolling hills,which are valued as a scenic resource.The tank may also be highly visible to adjacent residential homes in San Ramon,and to future residential development in Dougherty Valley. Tank T2 als&has potential for significant aesthetic and visual impacts.As discussed.for T1, the T2 tank site falls under the development restrictions of the City of San Ramon Conservation Element,Resource Conservation Overlay Provisions,which are intended in part to protect visual resources.Depending on final site selection,T2 site is close to being; within 100 vertical feet of a Major Ridgeline,as indicated on the Ridgeline and Creek Protection Zane Map of the Conservation Element.The site also has an existing natural slope greater than 20 percent,which fails to meet the Conservation Element requirements. T2 is 30 feet high and 166 feet in diameter and would be a significant contrast to the surrounding undeveloped rolling hills. Tank.2AA is 30 feet high and 166 feet in diameter and would be a significant contrast to the rolling open hills in which the site is located It would be visible from the adjacent residential homes and portions of Canyon Lakes Country Club. Tank T4 is 30 feet high and 104 feet in diameter and would be a significant contrast to the rolling open hills in which the site is located.A tank would be visible from the adjacent residential homes. However,several existing tanks are visible in this vicinity and the site already houses a tank of similar proportions. The sites:for tanks T3,T3A,T5,TSA,T6,and T7 are located in currently undeveloped land. However,as this land is developed over the next 20 years,the tanks might be visible from residential areas.At 30 feet in height and 64 to 106 feet in diameter,these tanks would be a significant contrast to the open rolling hills or creekbeds in which their sites are located.The tanks may be a negative impact on visual resources for adjacent residential or recreational areas. Tank T8A is near a residential area and may be visible from portions of Crow Canyon Country Club. The site for tank T10 is a hillside above Iw580,and may be visible from portions of the road. 3.12.3 Mitigation The following mitigation measures will be included in the project to reduce visual impacts to a less than significant level. 3c�� SJCIJ:1Wt3RKit317S8.#WtE#fit\10031�iRE.U{)C 3-141 i 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SE MW,IMPACTS,AND MMATION Mitigation 3,12.1--Visual Impacts of Pump Stations P5, P6,and P7 Pump stations P5,P6,and P7 would be rectangular structures within an urbanizing environment.They would not result in a significant aesthetic or visual impacts,including significant modifications to existing visual settings.However,it is recommended that exterior finish and landscaping be harmonious with nearby buildings and vegetation following construction. Mitigation 3.12.2—Visuai Impacts of Storage Tanks Storage tank sites have net yet been finalized,and are evaluated at a programmatic level in this EIR.Additional envrorfznental review will be conducted when tank sites are determined,and applicable mitigation measures will be identified and implemented at that time. As a general rule,appropriate exterior finish and landscaping of the tanks and pump stations to reduce the contrast with the surrounding hill and creek areas can help to minimize the visual impacts of all tanks. 3.12.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Aesthetics Table 3-27 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for aesthetics.The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison.A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. SJC/E:iWORK1131768.RMEIR1100314RE.00C 3-542 381 Op F CIL u 0 G w .a, ,t A w d mss,• 'ga �i A tJ1 ty ay.t '.w' A ✓'� G A r � A A ry �ry r'�• ✓ A A r 'C� �4h+j ytkVA w O > A 7 yG 0. fA G rG A aD ar G r A a Gel Ca tlA k 1 7 d r A u tk r A G rj ate--, O G i,. 1 K$ O 'n bD�•+ O *f3 A fil O 4 • 0 .r. N ye' d N A tib G 7, .G N d d 11� W 4+ ✓ G •7 r r L'+ .d✓ G � tG6 rdil w � is G � N °' � •h O G �� +�'' U {y p•, � t11 !� t �S �► y � r S: '' P i 3 EWIRONMWAL SEMNG,IMPACTS,AND MfTIGAMN 1 3.13 Air Quality 3.13.1 Existing Environmental Setting The study area is located in the Town of Danville,the cities of San Ramon,and Dublin,and unincorporated areas near these municipalities.The area is mainly comprised of residential housing,recreational and institutional facilities,and commercial and light industry. 1-680 borders the project area on the west,and 1-580 borders the project area on the south.Typical air contaminants found in urban areas are produced from common facilities such as gasoline stations,hospitals,dry cleaners,and automobile exhaust.The existing emissions are made up of ambient emissions from vehicular traffic and some commercial and light industry sources. Air Quality Standards National air quality policies are regulated through the Federal Clean Air Act.Pursuant to this act,the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)established national ambient air quality standards(NAAQS)for the following air pollutants(termed"criteria"pollutants): carbon monoxide(CO),ozone,nitrogen dioxide(NO),sulfur dioxide(SO),particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter(PM,,),and lead(Pb).The act was amended in 1977 to require each state to maintain a State Implementation Plan(STP)for achieving compliance with the NAAQS.Most recently,in 1990,the act was amended again to strengthen regulation of both stationary and mobile emission sources. California air quality policies are overseen by the California Air Resources Board (CARB). California ambient air quality standards (CAAQS)were established starting in 1969 pursuant to the Mulford-Carrell Act.These standards are generally more stringent and include more pollutants than the NAAQS.The California Clean Air Act was approved in 1988. This act requires each local air district in the state to prepare an air quality plan to achieve compliance with the CAAQS.The national and California ambient air quality standards are presented in Table 3.28. The San Francisco Bay Area Air Basin,which includes Alameda,Santa Clara,San Mateo, San Francisco,Marin,Napa,Contra Costa,and a portion of Sonoma and Solano Counties,is regulated by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District(BAAQMD).The BAAQMD has permit authority over all stationary sources of air pollutants in the Bay Area and acts as the primary reviewer of environmental documents as they pertain to air quality issues.In 1982,the BAAQMD,the Association of Bay Area Governments(ABAG),and the Metropolitan Transportation Commission(MTC)jointly prepared the Bay Area Air Quality Plan to satisfy both state and federal requirements.This plan was incorporated into California's SIP.In 1991,the BAAQMD,ABAG,and MTC jointly prepared the Clean Air Plan to satisfy the requirements of the California Clean Air Act.The Clean Air Plan calls for a number of transportation control measures(TCMs)to be implemented throughout the Bay Area. =IJ:tW{RMI 3176$.RWSRti{YC3i4ftE= 3-144 383 i 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SET rWG,IMPACTS,AND MITIGATION TABLE 3-28 Ambient Air Quality Standards National 5tandarW Pollutant Averaging Period California Primary Secondary Standards" Ozone 1-hour 0.09 ppm 0.12 ppm 0.12 ppm CO 8-hour 9.0 ppm 9 ppm -- 1-hour 20 ppm 35 ppm ._ NO2 Annual average -- 0.053 ppm 0.053 ppm 1-hour 0.25 ppm -- SO2 Annual average -- 0.03 ppm -- 24-hour 0.04 ppm 0.14 ppm -- 3-hour -- -- 0.5 ppm 1-hour 0.25 ppm -- -- PM,fl Annual geometric 30 pgle -- -- mean Annual arithmetic -- 5o p9/m3 50 mg/m3 mean 24-hour 50{tgtm3 150 Pg/M3 150 mglm3 Lead Calendar quarter -- 1.5 pgtm3 1.5 mg/m3 30-day 1.5µglm3 -- -- Sulfates 24-hour 25 pg/m3 l Hydrogen Sulfide 1-hour 0.03 ppm ._ Vinyl Chloride 24-hour 0.010 ppm -- Visibility Deducing 8-hour See footnotee -- -- Particles (10 am to 6 pm, PST) `California standards for ozone,CO,SO2(1-hour),NO,PM,,,and visibility reducing particles are not to be exceeded.The SO2(24-hour),sulfates,lead,hydrogen sulfide,and vinyl chloride standards are not to be equaled or exceeded. 'National standards,other than ozone and those based on annual averages or annual arithmetic means,are not to be exceeded more than once a year.The axone standard is attained when the expected number of days per calendar year with maximum hourly average concentrations above the standard is equal to or less than one. `National Primary Standards: The levels of air quality necessary,with an adequate margin of safety,to protect the public health. dNational Secondary Standards: The levels of air quality necessary to protect the public welfare from any known or anticipated adverse effects of a pollutant. '€n sufficient amount to produce an extinction coefficient of 0.23 per kilometer due to particles when the relative humidity is less than 70 percent. Notes: 1.ppm=parts per million by volume. 2. mg/m3=micrograms per cubic meter. Source: California Air Resources Board, 1996, SJC/J:1wORM131768.Rw1FIR1100314RE.DM 33-1 b5 384 3 ENVIRONMENTAL$VYING,EMPAM,AND MITIGATION The District's efforts to identify and control ambient levels of toxic air contaminants has resulted in the implementation of the District's air toxic program.The major elements of the District`s air toxics program are. • New and Modified Sources Preconstruction Review(NSR) • Air Toxics"Hot Spots"Program • Toxic Air Contaminant Reduction Plan • Control Measures(from categories of sources of Toxic Air Contaminants) • Toxic Air Contaminant Emissions Inventory Database • Ambient Monitoring In the BAAQMD Toxic Air Contaminant(TAC)Reduction.Plan adopted in 1991,BAAQMD established a District-wide goal of a 50 percent reduction of TACs from permitted source emissions.The plan specified that this goal be accomplished by 1995 with the reductions based upon 1989 permitted source emission levels.As of 1994,this goal was achieved, primarily through the implementation of control measures adopted by the District. To continue and maintain TAC emission reductions,new and modified sources are evaluated for pollutant specific TAC emissions through procedures found in BAAQMD Regulation 2,.Mule 1,Section 316.Under this section,new and modified source TAC emissions rates are compared to conservative TAC emission thresholds which,based upon BAAQMD experience,may warrant further evaluation.The policy for further evaluation is found in BAAQMD's Risk Management Policy(May 9,1991).This policy establishes consistent and conservative dispersion modeling approaches for TAC evaluation and may, in some cases,require that a new or modified source install toxic best available control technology(TRACT).In extreme cases,where the installation of TBACT and subsequent dispersion modeling still result in unacceptable TAC risks,the permit may be denied. Climate The basic controlling factor in the climate of northern California is the semi-permanent atmospheric high pressure cell(Pacific High)over the eastern Pacific Ocean.This high pressure exerts a stress on the ocean surface along the coast inducing an upwelling of cold water from below.Thus,the air approaching the northern California coast is farther cooled and a high incidence of fog occurs.The predominant wind direction is northwesterly,due to the winds west of the Pacific coastline drawn into the interior through the Golden Gate and over the lower portion of the San Francisco peninsula. During the summer,the Pacific High is well established and usually deflects Pacific storms to the north of California.Hence,the Bay Area experiences little precipitation in the summer months.The average summer minimum and maximum temperatures near the project area are 55°F and 86'F,respectively. During the winter,the Pacific High weakens and shifts farther to the south. As a result, winters are usually cool with moderate rainfall.The average annual precipitation near the project area is approximately 20 inches,90 percent of which occurs from November through April.The average winter minimum and maximum temperatures are 34°F and 55°F, respectively. 385 SJC/J:1WORK\131768.RMEIR1100314RE.DOC 3-146 3 1 NVIAONMENTAL SETMG,IMPACTS,AND MITIGA110N Ambient Air Quality The existing air quality in the Danville/Dublin/San Ramon area is generally good. The BAAQMD operates a network of ambient air quality monitoring stations throughout the Bay Area. The closest monitoring station to the project area is in Livermore. Data for the criteria pollutants over the last three available years(1991-1993) are presented in Table 3-29. The most stringent ambient air quality standards(AAQS)are also listed in this table. TABLE 3.29 Summary of Ambient Air Criteria Pollutants Livermore Monitoring Station Pollutant Averaging 1991 1992 1993 Most Source of Period Stringent AAQS AAGS CO(ppm) 1-Hour 8.0 7.0 6.0 20- CAAQS 8-Hour 4.8 4.3 4.0 9 CAAQS Ozone(ppm) 1-Hour 0.14 0.11 0.13 0.09 CAAQS NO,(ppm) 1-Hour 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.25 CAAQS Annual 0.023 0.019 0.019 0.053 NAAQS s0,(ppm),9' 1-Hour 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.25 CAAQS 3-Hour NA NA NA 0.5° NAAQS 24-Hour 0.011 0.008 0.013 0.050 CAAQS Annual 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.03 NAAQS PM,o(mg/m') 24-Hour 155 99 84 50 CAAQS Annual" 29.9 25.8 20.9 30 CAAQS Annual' 36.5 29.0 24.3 50 NAAQS Lead(mg/m)'' 30-Day 0.10 0.02 0.01 1.5 CAAQS Calendar 0.08 0.01 0.01 1.5 NAAQS Quarter 'Not to be exceeded,except where noted. °Not to be exceeded more than once per year. `Not to be equaled or exceeded. 'Geometric mean. *Arithmetic mean. 'Highest monthly and quarterly mean. 'Data obtained from the closest monitoring station(Concord:2975 Treat Blvd.)near the project area that monitors SO,. NA: Pollutant not analyzed in Alameda County. Source: California Air Resources Board, 1996. SJCIJ:1WORM131768.RMEIR1100314RE.DOC 3-147 386 3 emRoNmer,AL sET w,iMPAGTs,AND lN1 wrm Air quality monitoring data from the Livermore station show exceedances of the most stringent ozone and 24-hour PM,o standards.Ozone(0.09 gg/ )and Pelf,,(29-hour- 50 gg/m')were exceeded in 1991, 1992,and 1993.No exceedances of the annual PM," standard were recorded.The remaining criteria pollutant standards were not exceeded at the Livermore monitoring station over the three years.Levels of SO,however,are not measured at any of the Alameda County monitoring stations.In Danville/Dublin/San Ramon,Std,levels are expected to be well below AAQS because high levels of SO,are generally only observed near heavily industrialized areas.The closest monitoring station to the project area that measures levels of SO,is located in Concord.SOS results from this monitoring station were well below the most stringent ambient air quality standard. CO and ozone are usually the pollutants of concern when evaluating the air quality impacts from projects that generate substantial automobile traffic.Maximum CO concentrations usually occur during worst case traffic conditions in the winter when temperatures and wind speeds are low.Because automobiles account for nearly all of the CO emissions in urban and suburban areas,maximum CO concentrations tend to be localized near areas of heavy traffic congestion. Ozone is formed from a series of complex chemical reactions between oxides of nitrogen(NO)and reactive organic gases(ROG)in the presence of sunlight.Maximum ozone concentrations typically occur on summer afternoons when the sky is clear,winds are light,and a temperature inversion is present(temperature inversions restrict the vertical dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere).Unlike CO,ozone concentrations tend to be more uniform over relatively large areas. As with CO and ozone precursors,motor vehicles constitute the single largest source of PM,,,in the Bay Area,based on the best available data.Motor vehicles produce particulates through direct tailpipe emissions of particulate matter;direct emissions of nitrogen oxides, which become particulate ammonium nitrate in the atmosphere;and the kicking up of road dust by tires.Vehicles also produce PM,,,from brake pad and tire wear. Additionally,some BAAQ..MD air monitoring stations conduct gaseous sampling for various organics over 24•-hour periods on a 12-day sampling frequency.Along with criteria pollutant measurements,the Livermore monitoring station also samples for gaseous organics.The results over the last three available years are presented in Table 3-29. Benzene(typical automobile exhaust pollutant)levels in the Bay Area have been gradually declining in recent years.The reduction in benzene levels are expected because emissions are generally reduced in proportion to on-road vehicle fleet turnover and currently adopted CARR control measures such has the reformulated gasoline and Clean Fuels programs.The results in Table 3-30 also show these yearly benzene reductions at the Livermore monitoring station, specifically. BAAQMD evaluates ambient toxic air contaminants for cancer risks and acute and chronic exposures.For the Bay Area,the cancer risks and exposure levels are calculated using the data from all TAC monitoring stations.In 1994,the BAAQMD calculated cancer risks due to lifetime exposure to average ambient concentrations of TACs as 315-in-one-million. In 1993, the overall monitoring data showed cancer risks of 339-in-one-million.Cancer risks of 342- in-one-million were based on 1992 data. $JGfJ.\WORM131768.RW\F-IR\1003148E.DOC 387 V7 3-148 3 ENVIR0WWALSMNG,iMPA07S,AND WTIGAMN Sensitive Receptors Land uses such as schools,hospitals,and convalescent homes are considered to be relatively sensitive to poor air quality because infants and children,the elderly,and people with health afflictions,especially respiratory ailments,are more susceptible to respiratory infections and other air-quality-related health problems than the general public. Residential areas are also considered to be sensitive to air pollution because residents(including children and the elderly)tend to be at hone for extended periods of time,resulting in sustained exposure to any pollutants present.For this project,schools,medical centers,and residential land users near the Program facilities would be considered sensitive receptors. TOLE 3-30 Summary of Ambient Air Toxics Livermore Monitoring Station Pollutant{ppb} 1892 1993 1994 Benzene 5.20 3.15 2.80 Chloroform 0.04 0.03 <0.02 Carbon Tetrachloride 0.13 0.12 0.12 Ethylene Dibromide <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 Ethylene Dichloride <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 Methylene Chloride 1.20 2.05 1.15 Perchloroethylene 0.48 0.44 0.27 Toluene 16.40 8.30 4.95 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 2.05 1.74 0.94 Trichloroethylene <0.08 <0.08 0.09 Vinyl Chloride <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 Note: Pollutant values are the maximum concentrations for the given year and were obtained from BAAQMD Annual Toxics Reports. 3.13.2 impacts Significance Criteria The regional air quality agency for the entire air basin is the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD). The BAAQMD has permit authority over stationary sources, acts as the primary reviewing agency for environmental documents, and develops regulations that roust be consistent with,or more stringent than,national and state air quality policies. sJGlJ.\WORK1131768.R'MEIM100314RE.DOC 3-148 388 3 ENUSPONMNrAL SETT W,IMPACTS,AN13 M#MAT!ON With respect to project operations, potential significant air quality impacts would occur if project emissions exceed any of the following thresholds as outlined in the "BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines: Assessing the Air Quality Impacts of Projects and Plans". Reactive Organic Gases(POG) 80 lbs1day Nitrogen Oxides(NO) 80lbs1day Carbon Monoxide(CO) 550 lbsjday Particulate Matter(PM d 80 lbsjday The determination of significance with respect to construction emissions should be based on the consideration of the control measures to be implemented. From BAAQMD's perspective, quantification of construction emissions is not necessary. If all control measures,as described in the following section, are implemented, then emissions from construction activities are considered less than significant. Impact 3.13.1--Project Construction Could Affect Air Quality Construction of Program facilities would generate criteria air pollutant emissions over the construction period.These activities have the potential for affecting sensitive receptors near construction zones. However, construction-related emissions are not expected to impede attainment and maintenance of 03 and CO standards in the Bay Area. BAAQMD'emphasizes implementation of effective and comprehensive control measures rather than detailed quantification of emissions. Because of this, the air quality impacts associated with the proposed project are not expected to be significant as long as the mitigation measures described in Section 3.13.3 are implemented. (Less than Significant) 3.13.3 Mitigation The following mitigation measures will be incorporated into the project to reduce air quality impacts to a less than significant level. Mitigation 3.13.1--Project Construction Could Affect Air Quality An effective dust control program can significantly reduce construction-related PM,, emissions. The following specific measures recommended by BAAQMD would be implemented: • Water all active construction areas at least twice daily. • Cover all trucks hauling soil,sand,and other loose materials or require all trucks to maintain at least 2 feet of freeboard. • Pave,apply water three times daily,or apply(non-toxic)soil stabilizers on all unpaved access roads,parking areas,and staging areas at construction sites. • Sweep daily(preferably with water sweepers)all paved access roads,parking areas,and staging areas at construction sites. • Sweep streets daily(preferably with water sweepers)if visible soil material is carried onto adjacent public streets. • Hydroseed or apply(nontoxic)soil binders to inactive construction areas. 389 SJCIJ-\WORM13178$.8W1E3R\100314RE.000 3-150 3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,wACTs,ANo mmG -noN • Enclose,cover,water twice daily or apply(non-toxic)soil binders to exposed stockpiles (dirt,sand,etc.). • Limit traffic on unpaved roads to 15 mph. • Install sandbags or other erosion control measures to prevent silt runoff to public roadways. • Replant vegetation in disturbed areas as quickly as possible. • Use alternative fueled construction equipment,if possible. • Vi nimize idling time (e.g.,10-minute maximum). • Maintain properly tuned equipment. • Limit the hours of operation of heavy-duty equipment and/or the amount of equipment in use. 3;13.4 Summary of Impacts/Mitigation for Air Quality Table 3-31 provides a summary of impacts and mitigation for air quality.The table indicates to which Program facilities and to which customer service options the specific impact and mitigation applies.The information is presented in this format for ease of reference and comparison.A complete summary of all impacts and mitigation for all impact categories is provided in Chapter 1. 390 SJC/JAWORO31788AMEIMI03314RE.DOC 3-151 �4 :t i 1 1 1 i a 1 u 3 a 'w W 0 r �N rd N p. y O O N O _ } •dG ea A s N a� A .a r men b u•d'. ��3 `a K5 "�} os O ✓ to .0 ... •�,.�,t ax .0 �i G 3,,� �, y4 e�" by N O '.:+ � 6 G p.A �'ry v i eGa O-� T A� � N `� A y ••.d V� 'G G,y 'td .UA M i �." y O� O Dom".'+ A 6t G OF„ ca ra U r y O Y' � A" •e, t "'A s. O tJf d w � • A d N •t1 .'9 `�i .ti G� in 0O�n A a IS G f u• �" A O p•A N CS'� p d U � b51•.".. G y � ai `.� pA •y yN.+ A' CY O N U rl y C1 U 10 u G � X61 � 7 VN G a v u • ,rr to PO yr� r+r t. 4. f► OOL r r r r t CHAP'S R 4 CEQA-Required Impact Conclusions 4.1 Growth-Inducing Impacts CEQA Definition of Growth Inducement CEQA Guidelines(Section 15126(g))require that an Elft evaluate the growth-inducing impact of a proposed action.The Guidelines define growth-inducing impacts as those that directly or indirectly foster economic or population growth,or that foster the construction of new housing units,in the surrounding environment. Included in the definition of induced growth are projects that would remove obstacles to population growth,such as a major expansion of a wastewater treatment plant or the construction of a new roadway to serve previously undeveloped areas,and projects which may tax existing community service facilities.A project is also considered growth inducing when it encourages or facilitates other activities that could significantly affect the environment.Growth is not assumed to be necessarily detrimental,beneficial,or of little significance for the environment. Growth-Inducement Potential of DERWA Program Construction activities associated with the first phase of the Program,which would occur over a 1 to 3-year period,would not create local growth in population or housing in local communities.Construction of subsequent phases of the Program would take place over a similar period of time in the future;it is not anticipated that additional housing or community services would be needed by construction workers,given the regional construction industry's access to the project site.Therefore,no local growth in population or housing is expected as a direct result of the construction of the proposed project. The potential..growth-inducing effects that could be associated with the proposed Program fall into three categories: 1)a reduction in the amount of potable water used for municipal and private irrigation purposes,with a resulting"freeing up" of that potable water supply for other purposes,2)the potential availability of a water resource,i.e.,recycled water for nonpotable uses,for geographic areas that have not yet been approved for growth;and 3)the perceived availability of increased wastewater disposal created by diverting wastewater flows from discharge points to the recycled water system.Each of these potential growth inducement effects is discussed below. Freeing Up of Potable Water Supply If the DERWA Program were implemented for Caption 1,which is the largest customer service area considered,it would make available 9,330 acre-feet of recycled water per year for beneficial nonpotable uses at full buildout of the Program.This recycled water would be used primarily for landscape irrigation of property that is currently irrigated or could potentially be irrigated with potable water. The use of recycled in lieu of potable water for landscape irrigation,therefore,would make available that use of 9,334 AFY of potable water s,iC/JAWORV31768AMEIRtHAA DOG $-1 393 CHAPTER 4 CEQA-REaumEC IMPACT CONCLUSIONS elsewhere in the DSRSD and EBMUD service areas.Of this 9,330 AFY,approximately 4,480 AFY would be available in EBMUD's service area,2,180 AFY in DSRSD's service area, and 2,670 AFY in areas currently outside of but adjacent to DSRSD and.EBMUD service areas.If any of the smaller options(Options 2,3,4,5A,SB)were selected for implementation,the amount of potable water freed up by use of recycled water would be correspondingly less. Both DSRSD and EBMUD have already accounted for and planned for the use of recycled water in their water supply management planning. EBMUD adopted an Updated Water Supply Management Program(WSMP)in 1994.The WSMP identified that EBMUD customer potable water demand is projected to increase from:a 1990 level of 200 mgd to 250 mgd in 2020,which represents an average annual growth rate of 0.4 percent. This projected demand includes reductions for existing and adopted conservation and reclamation programs(EDAW, 1993).The estimates and projections of EBMUD's future water demand are based primarily on the planning and growth policies of jurisdictions within the District,as reflected in the Association of Bay Area Government's(ABAG) growth projections. The WSMP includes a reclamation component, which identifies recycled water as an integral component of EBMUD's overall water supply. The reclamation component is intended to achieve 8 mgd of yield,primarily by providing recycled water to major irrigators and industrial users.The largest wastewater recycling projects have been identified for the San Ramon Valley(the DERWA Program.),and the Hercules/Pinole area. An EIR for the WSMP was certified by EBMUD in 1993(EDAW, 1993). The Executive Summary of that EIR(Chapter 1)discusses the relationship of reclamation to the alternative composite programs evaluated in the WSMP and EIR,;and summarizes the environmental effects of these composite programs,including reclamation.Chapter 13 of the WSMP EIR (Growth-Inducing Impacts),discusses the growth-inducing effects of the alternative composite programs,including reclamation.Chapter 1 and Chapter 13 of the WSMP EIR are incorporated herein by reference.These documents are available for public review at the EBMUD and DSRSI)administrative offices. DSRSD has planned for recycled water use in its 1996 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) (DSRSD, 1996).This water supply planning document was prepared in response to the Urban Water Management Planning Act,which requires water supply agencies to prepare such plans and update them on a 5-year schedule. Similar to EBMUD's WSMP, the DSRSD UWMP includes recycled water as an integral component of the overall water supply. DSRSD was not required to prepare an environmental document for its UWMP because the Urban Water Management Planning Act is exempt under CEQA. Nonetheless, it is important to note that DSRSD's UWMP is primarily based on the land use plans and their environmental documents that have been prepared and adopted by the local jurisdictions in DSRSD's service area.In its UWM-P,DSRSD acknowledges that growth will occur in areas within and surrounding DSRSD's service area.To plan for the amount of water that will be needed in DSRSD's service area in the future,two separate water projections were included in the UWMP.The first is based on the current service area and approved development areas(Eastern Dublin),and the second is based on the current DSRSD service area,approved development areas,areas where development is being planned(Western Dublin,Dougherty Valley,Tassajara Valley),and other areas that may be served in the future(Camp Parks).DSRSD uses future land use designations,and not sjUd-.iWORK1131786.RMEIRNCHAP4.DaC 4-2 394 CHAPTER 4 CECA-REOUIRED IMPACTOONCWSIONS population projections,to estimate future water demand.Water demand for approved development in DSRSD's service area is expected to more than double over the next 10 years. Recycled water is identified as one of the sources to meet this demand. In addition to EBMUD and DSRSD's water supply plans which include recycled water as a component of the overall water supply,Zone 7 has also adopted a Water Supply Planning Report(Camp Dresser&McKee, 1993)which includes recycled water as a potential water supply option to serve future water demands.Recycled water is identified as an important element in their comprehensive resource management program.. The"freeing up"of potable water supply by implementing a water recycling project does not mean that the total water supply will be increased,nor that the available water will necessarily be used for urban growth and development.The available water may be "returned"back to the environment due to increasing environmental demands,or it may provide for improved reliability in the water supply systems of each of the Districts. In essence, the recycled water will be used to serve some current and future demands which would otherwise have to be met from the present potable supply.The substitution of recycled water means that some potable water will be"freed up"for use for existing and future customers.In EBMUD's case,this water would be available to and under EBMUD's control,as they manage a water system from the source of supply to the customers.In DSRSD's case,this water would not be explicitly available to nor under the control of DSRSD,as they purchase their water from Zone 7 and would have no rights nor claims to potable water that is displaced by recycled water projects. In any case,no new potable water is being added,a portion of the current supply will be reused,thereby stretching the Districts'current supplies somewhat further.If recycled water is made available for new developments,it is because these developments have already been evaluated for their planning and environmental implications,and have been approved by the local jurisdictions whom the Districts serve.Therefore,even though water recycling may free up some existing potable water supplies for other uses,the effects of this"exchange"have been planned for in both DSRSD's and EBMUD's water supply planning documents. It is also important to note that the availability of potable water,although important,is only ne of the public services considered by localities in planning for and managing future growth. For example,wastewater disposal capacity,storm drainage,transportation systems, and housing supply must all be considered.The maximum amount of potable water conceivably made available for potable uses as a result of the proposed project would not support population growth beyond levels currently anticipated by local plans and independent projections.To that extent,and given that growth is managed by the local jurisdictions considering water as only one of several important factors, the potential freeing up of potable water supply would not have significant growth-inducing effects. Provision of Recycled Water to Areas Not stet Planned A given project would generally be regarded as having a significant growth-producing potential if it either induced substantial growth or created the capacity to accommodate substantial growth above and beyond growth rates that have been addressed in community planning documents or independent growth projections.For projects that potentially remove barriers to growth,however,the creation of growth-inducing potential doe-,not automatically lead to growth. People move into or stay in an area because of housing costs, job opportunities,public services(especially schools),taxes:perceptions of crime or public SJCIJ'.\W 3RK1131768.RVAE1RiCHAP4.DOC 4-3 395 CHAPTER 4 CEQA-Afaulm)IMPACT CoNuus{oNs safety,transportation systems and costs,cultural and recreational amenities,lifestyle needs, and the proximity of friends and families.The location-related factors affecting development decisions by comn7ercial and industrial firms include many of the concerns of residential decisionrmakers. Growth at the local level is fuifdameatally controlled by the land use policies of local municipalities or counties. Like other utilities and services,water and wastewater districts must respond to the growth plans of the localities they serve, and do not necessarily cause growth-inducing impacts in the process of meeting the localities' needs. DERWA customer service options 4 and 5A would provide recycled water to existing customers within the DSRSD and EBMUD existing service areas only.Option 3 would provide recycled water to existing customers within the Districts'existing service areas, plus approved development within the existing service areas.This would generally include the Gale Ranch Phase I development within Daugherty Valley(already annexed to EBMUD),and that portion of Eastern Dublin already annexed to DSRSD. Options 2 and 5B would provide recycled water service to existing customers within existing service areas, plus approved future developments both within and adjacent to existing service areas(i.e., remaining area of Eastern Dublin and Dougherty Valley). Options 2 through 5,therefore, wruld provide recycled water service to developments that either already exist,or that have been approved through local planning actions. Option 1 is the only option that would provide recycled water service to two areas outside the existing EBMUD and DSRSD service areas that could potentially develop but,at the present time,are not approved for development.The areas are the Tassajara Valley and Western Dublin(Western Extended Planning Area).A specific plan.and EIR for future development of the Tassajara Valley area are currently being prepared;it is not known how that area will ultimately develop. Dublin's Western Extended Planning Area is somewhat further along in the planning and environmental review process. Detailed planing in the Western ExtendedPlanning Area, which is approximately 15 square miles in area,began in 1989 with the preparation of a Specific Plan and General Plan Amendment for the entire area.An EIR'was prepared and certified in 1992. The Western Dublin Specific Plan and General Plan Amendment subsequently were rejected in a city referendum.An IIR'for the Schaefer Ranch area,which makes up approximately 5-6 percent of the Western Extended Planning,was certified by the Dublin City Council on July 6, 1996(City of Dublin, 1996).The Schaefer Ranch project involves development of residential,retail/office,parks, and other open space.The project requires annexation to the City of Dublin and DSRSD's service area,and other land use entitlements.The project identifies recycled water as an integral component of its water supply,and that this water will be available from the DSRSD treatment planta DSRSD has prepared a Plan of Services Investigation for the Schaefer Ranch project(John Carollo Engineers, 1995),which identifies the recycled water demands and facilities to serve the project. It is not known how the remainder of the Western Extended Planning Area will ultimately develop. As indicated previously,a variety of factors influence business and residential or population growth in the study area.These factors include,but are not lixnited to, the General Plans and policies of cities and counties, the availability of potable water and wastewater capacity,and the availability of other services such as schools and transportation services.The provision of recycled water typically is not one of the primary &rClj.1WORKl131768.RWI,EfR1CHAP4.Dx 4-4 396 CHAPTER 4 CEOA•REauipEo IMPACT CLINCLUMNS utilities needed to support urban development;therefore,the provision,or lack thereof,of this resource would not usually encourage or constrain future development. In addition, recycled water is usually not provided to an area in advance of potable water supply. Potable water is typically provided before recycled water or,in the case of new developments,the two are provided concurrently.Therefore,it is highly unlikely that the availability of recycled water to the Tassajara Valley and Western Dublin areas would serve as the single factor providing an impetus to development in those areas. Other constraints would need to be resolved first. If Option 1 were implemented for the DERWA Program,recycled water would not physically be provided to Tassajara Valley and unplanned areas of Western Dublin until those areas have been planned for development and those planning actions have undergone environmental review and approval by the appropriate jurisdiction. Therefore, even though the DERWA Program would plan to provide a resource to those areas that could be considered one of the factors leading to growth, that growth would occur consistent with the land use and growth management policies that are ultimately adopted for those areas.The provision of recycled water will not create growth that is inconsistent with those adapted policies.If Option 2,3,4,5A,or 5B were selected,the transmission pipeline,pumping,and storage facilities will not be sued for service to unplanned areas; they will be sued to meet the demands of the selected option. Perceived Increase in Wastewater Disposal Capacity As indicated in Section 2.3 of this EIR,Project Objectives,and in the DERWA JPA agreement,the San Ramon Valley Water Recycling Program is a recycled water supply t project whose purpose is to maximize the amount of recycled water delivered to customers in the study area to offset potable water demand. Although water recycling would reduce the amount of wastewater being discharged to wastewater discharge.points during some periods of the year,reducing wastewater discharges is not an objective of the Program.. During the summer,some wastewater effluent would be diverted to recycling rather than discharged to Sart Francisco Bay.During the winter,some wastewater effluent could be placed into temporary storage,then recovered from storage and used for irrigation during the dry summer months.This operation has no effect on the total capacity needed by the discharge pipe and treatment plant.The Program is not intended to increase disposal capacity,either through DSRSD's or other potential suppliers'contribution of wastewater to the Program. Nonetheless,water recycling programs,by their very nature, can be perceived as being growth inducing because wastewater would be rerouted from discharge points to reuse, apparently creating more capacity for wastewater disposal.However, to truly create increased wastewater capacity,a water recycling program must operate year-round and must be designed and operated in accordance with certain criteria. As indicated below, the DERWA Program is not being designed,nor will it be operated to meet these criteria. 1. Mechanical Reliability/Redundazt y7-To provide for wastewater disposal capacity,a water recycling system must also be designed to operate reliably on a 24-hour basis.It must have standby power and redundant processes to enable the treatment process to occur non-stop.The DERWA Program is not being designed with these redundancy features. The system will be designed to meet the water quality requirements of Title 22, so that public health will not be affected,but will not include reliability or redundancy Swc/J.,\WORKi131768.RWEIRtHAP4.Doo 4-5 397 CHAPTER 4 MA-REouiRm IMPACT CONCLUSIONS features designed to the degree required for wastewater disposal.If there is a short or long term interruption in operation of the recycling facilities,secondary effluent must be disposed of via existing or future disposal facilities(e.g.,LAVWiV1A). 2. Seasonal Operation--The DERWA Program provides for seasonal recycled water use,not for year-round water storage/use.The provision of recycled water from the treatment plant can be interrupted at any time,and not affect meeting the overall annual recycled water demands.Conversely,for a recycled water program to create increased firm wastewater capacity,it must operate 365 days per year,and cannot be interrupted. 3. Permitting--The DERWA Program_will be seeking a discharge permit from the RW+QCB to operate the irrigation and perhaps the seasonal ASR component of the Program.The Program will not be seeking a permit from the R.WQCB for wastewater disposal for the ASR component or any other Program feature. 4. Title 22 Requirements-Title 22 establishes recycled water quality standards for landscape irrigation and other uses.If,for some reason,these standards are not met, disposal capacity for this water must be maintained to allow it to be disposed of through the existing or future disposal process(e.g.,LAVWMA). 5. Storage Capacity—To provide for wastewater disposal capacity,a water recycling system must provide the storage capacity for peak wet weather flows and plant shut downs. The DERWA Program is not providing for this storage capacity. Summary of Growth-inducing Effects Three potential growth-inducing,effects of the Program have been described in the preceding section.Although the DERWA Program could"free up"some of the portable water supply,this availability has already been accounted for in the water supply planning documents of both EBMUD and DSRSD.Under Option 1 of the DERWA Program.,recycled water would be provided to two areas(Tassajara Valley and Western Dublin)that have'not yet been approved for development.If Option 1 is selected for implementation,recycled water will not be provided until those areas have been approved for development through the planning and environmental review process.Therefore,this aspect of growth inducement will not be significant.Finally,although water recycling programs can be perceived as being growth inducing because wastewater is diverted from disposal points to reuse,the DERWA Program will not be designed,permitted,or operated to allow for increased wastewater disposal capacity.The DERWA Program is strictly related to water supply.For these reasons,the DERWA Program will not have significant growth-inducing effects. 4.2 Cumulative Impacts The cumulative impact from several projects is the change in the environment which results from the incremental impact of the project when added to other closely related past, present,and reasonably foreseeable future projects.According to CEQA Guidelines Sections 15130(a)and (b),the purpose of this section is to provide discussion of significant cumulative impacts which reflects the severity of the impacts and the likelihood of 398 SJG1J:UN0RW31768.RME1R1cHAP4.DOC 4.6 CHAPTER 4 CERA-REouis U IMPACT CONCLUSIONS occurrence.The discussion of cumulative impacts should include: 1)a list of past,present, and reasonably anticipated fixture projects producing related or cumulative impacts, _ including those projects outside the control of the agency;2)a summary of expected eviroi~►mental effects to be produced by those projects,with specific reference to additional information on these ether projects and where that information is available;and 3)a reasonable analysis of the cumulative impacts and reasonable options for mitigating or avoiding any significant cumulative effects of a proposed project. Potential projects in the San Ramon and Livermore-Amador Valleys that could produce related or cumulative effects fall into the following general categories: • Future utility installations along pipeline routes • Other roadway,park,or related infrastructure improvements • Other water recycling projects These types of projects are evaluated in this section with regard to their potential to contribute to the cumulative effects associated with the Water,Recycling Program. Future Utility Installations Along Pipeline Routes The timing of projects involving construction within roadways and roadway resurfacing projects will be coordinated by planning and pavement management documents prepared by city public works departments.Such coordination efforts also serve to minimize multiple disruptions to the same street segments. The proposed transmission and distribution pipeline routes would be located within. 1 existing or planned city streets where other utilities are or will be located. It is possible that existing utilities may need maintenance or that new utilities would be installed in the same streets in the future.The cumulative effects associated with other utilities projects relate to temporary construction impacts,and the potential for short-term traffic and community disruptions. After the recycled water pipeline route,or other utility route,is selected by DERW A,detailed design and construction plans would be prepared and submitted to individual jurisdictions and other agencies for review and approval.DERWA would thus have the opportunity to coordinate its pipeline and other facility construction activities with local jurisdictions and utilities to minimize multiple disruptions to the same street segments. As discussed in Section 3.6,which addresses the potential for impact to public services and utilities,pipeline and other utility installation and maintenance projects are routine activities undertaken by public works and utilities departments within the study area.The amount and character of in-street utilities work that would be required as a result of the Program would not be substantially greater than or different from the routine,ongoing work activities already performed. Given the routine nature of these projects and the established process for minimizing the potential for individual impacts,implementation of the proposed project would not generate individual impacts that would have the potential to contribute to substantial cumulative impacts from ongoing and/or future utilities work. Other Roadway, Park, or Related Infrastructure Improvements The proposed Water Recycling Program would entail modifications to existing roadways, utilities, and parks.These modifications would result primarily in short-term.,construction 399 s jclJ.AWOP.Kkl3176e.RW\E[R\CHAP4.Dbc 4.7 CHAPTER 4 CEQA•REQUIREO IMPACT CONCLUSIONS related impacts,although some permanent modifications to the irrigation systems at recycled water use sites would be necessary.The types of projects that could result in related individual or cumulative impacts would be other utilities'maintenance and improvement projects,other roadway improvement projects,and other site improvement projects at recycled water use sites (parks,roadway medians,other open space)within the study area. All of the past,present,and reasonably foreseeable future projects of this nature,which are undertaken routinely by local utilities and public works departments,and by Caltrans,are too numerous to identify here. Even so,the kinds of individual impacts generated by such projects that could add cumulatively to impacts generated by the Program would include, for example,short-term construction-related traffic disruptions and construction-related air emissions.The project would not result in long-term impacts to existing vegetation at parks, biological resources,or infrastructure that would combine with the individual impacts to other related projects to produce substantial cumulative impacts.The periodic modification or improvement of infrastructure at recycled water use sites,including parks,would not generate significant cumulative impacts in conjunction with.other site improvement efforts. Other Water Recycling Projects There are three other water recycling projects currently being considered in the Livermore- Amador Valley area,which have the potential to contribute to cumulative effects.These are the Livermore Groundwater Recharge Demonstration Project,the Bernal Development Project Specific Plan,and the DSRSD Clean Water Revival Project(described in Section 2.7 of this EIR).These projects are described below. Livermore Groundwater Recharge Demonstration Project.-The City of Livermore previously approved and is now constructing'a demonstration reverse osmosistreatment facility to produce 0.75 mgd of demineralized recycled water.The City originally proposed to use the demineralized water for irrigation at the City golf course and airport.Now the'City'is proposing to inject this derruneralized water into the'Amador subbasin of the Main Basin as part of an indirect potable groundwater recharge program.The project would provide for injection of up to 0.75 mgd or approximately 840 AFY.The City of Livermore has prepared CEQA environmental documentation for this proposed groundwater recharge project. Information about this project is available from the City of Livermore. The RO treatment facility will be constructed at the City's wastewater treatment plant site. The recycled water would be piped from the plant to the injection wells to be located at the northwest corner of the airport.For most of its length(approximately 4,000 feet) the new 10-inch transmission pipeline would'be installed within a large existing City pipeline no longer in use;thus minimal open surface construction would be required(about 500 feet). The City would rehabilitate and/or construct up to two new wells to conduct the injection program. Because the DERWA ASR component would occur in the Fringe basin,and no ASR water would enter the Main Basin,there would,be no cumulative groundwater quality effects associated with the two projects. Cumulative construction-related effects would be negligible because the Livermore project would involve minimal surface construction activities. 400 SJClJAW0RM131768AMERCHAP4.DOC 4-8 CHAPTER 4 CEQA R€QUIRED IMPACT CONCLUSIONS Bernal Property Project. The City and County of San Francisco has proposed a Specific Plan for 508-acre Bernal Property located in Alameda County,southwest and adjacent to the City of Pleasanton.The Plan,as presented in a Draft EIR prepared by the County of Alameda (March 1995),outlines a mixed-use development proposal for up to 3,380 residential units and 750,000 square feet of commercial and retail space,along with open space/recreational facilities Golf course and park.),and necessary onsite public infrastructure including roads, water supply and treatment facilities,wastewater treatment and disposal facilities and water recycling infrastructure. Information about this project is available from Alameda County. The Plan is conceptual and the EIR evaluated it at a program level.Thus,specific water and wastewater service systems are not described and evaluated,but instead a range of possible service options is outlined and reviewed.For water supply,the project could either request service from Zone 7,Pleasanton,or DSRSD,or provide onsite production wells and/or supplement supply with San Francisco Water Department(SFWD)water.These options would all essentially involve tapping the same valley water resources but differ on who would provide the service.For wastewater treatment and disposal,the Plan identifies options to send sewage to the DSRSD/Pleasanton WWTPfor treatment,noting that plant expansion would be required,or to provide an onsite treatment facility. For wastewater disposal,the Plan identifies the potential for the project to be part of DSRSD's proposed in- valley recharge program,or to develop an independent reverse osmosis treatment and groundwater recharge program for the project,supplemented with water conservation and nonpotable reuse.The Plan also notes the potential for,but difficulty to date of, implementing additional wastewater export capacity. Similar to the Livermore project,the Bernal project may include groundwater recharge with recycled water in the Main Basin. As noted,the Main and Fringe basins are geologically distinct,so no cumulative groundwater impacts would occur with implementation of both the Bernal and'DERWA ASR projects. DSRSD Clean Water Revival Project.DSRSD is currently in the process of evaluating a proposed wastewater disposal project known as the Clean Water Revival:Recycling for Groundwater Replenishment Project(CWR). The project involves advanced treatment of the secondary effluent from DSRSD's treatment plant to produce recycled water in accordance with state and federal regulations,followed by disposal of the recycled water into one or more local groundwater basins for later use.The project involves treatment and injection of up to 2.5 million gallons per day(mgd),for a total of about 2,800 AFY.The groundwater basin that underlies the Livermore Aador and San Ramon Valleys is divided into several smaller subbasins as a result of geologic faults that extend through the area. DSRSD's project has two injection location alternatives,which coincide with the two primary basins (Main and Fringe),that are being evaluated at an equal level of detail in the EIR for that project.These are the Main Basin and Fringe Basin Injection alternatives. The Fringe Basin Injection alternative would involve treatment of recycled water to Title 22 tertiary standards,and disposal of up to 1,400 AFY of recycled water through continuous wintertime injection into the Fringe Basin. Recycled water injected to the Dublin subbasin (which is a subbasin within the DSRSD Fringe Basin)would be extracted on a yearly cycle for non-potable reuse.The water quality in this subbasin is relatively poor and limits its suitability as a drinking water supply.The transmission pipelines and well sites proposed 401 sx/J:\WORM131768.RyMEIR\CHAP4.DOC 4-9 cHA TER 4 CF-OA•Peou#RED WpAcT CtN cuie lits for the Fringe Basin Injection alternative are identical to these proposed for the ASR component of the DERWA project. In the CWR project,extraction of recycled water from the Fringe Basin by DERWA is identified as one possible extraction scenario,which would allow CWR to meet its disposal objective.If both projects are implemented,the DSRSD Clean Water Revival Project and the DERWA Recycled Water Program may share some transmission lines,to reduce costs to both projects.In the event that both projects proceed at the same time,the projects could share a single pipeline which is sized to accommodate both projects,thus decreasing construction and maintenance costs. Although DERWA is identified as one possible recycled water extraction scenario for CWR's Fringe Basin Injection alternative,the two projects are not dependent on each other. The DERWA Program might and could proceed without the CWR project being implemented. CWR is evaluating the possibility of injecting recycled water in either the Main Basin or:Fringe Basin,or perhaps a composite of both.If CWR injects in the Fringe Basin,DERWA may extract and use this recycled water,or some other entity may use it. Similarly,CWR could contract with DERWA to extract its injected water in the Fringe Basin, or it could develop its own irrigation reuse program,or it could contract with another agency or entity to perform this activity.If however,both the CWR Fringe Basin Injection alternative and a DERWA option which includes ASR are approved and implemented,it is likely that only one ASR operation would be developed,not two.In this case,these project options would share the same set of direct impacts associated with ASR,but not the same cumulative impacts,because DERWA is a water supply project,and CWR is for wastewater disposal. There is the possibility that both projects could operate concurrently,with DSRSD being the supplier of recycled water to CWR for disposal in the Main Basin,and to DERWA for irrigation uses and possibly ASR in the Fringe Basin.In this case,there could be cumulative,but short-term construction-related impacts that may result if both projects were constructed at the same time in the Livermore Amador Valley.There wouldnot be cumulative groundwater impacts to the Main Basin because,as discussed in Section 3.1 of this EIR,there is virtually no groundwater connection between the Fringe and Main Basins in the vicinity of the proposed ASR operations,therefore,ASR operations for DERWA would only have localized effects on groundwater,but not on the Main Basin. It is important to note that the primary distinction between the ASR component of the projects is that the DERWA Program is a recycled water supply project which may use ASR to augment seasonal recycled water supplies,while the CWR project is first and foremost a wastewater disposal project that uses ASR year-round to achieve disposal purposes.The operational characteristics of ASR for each project is different,because the projects use ASR for different purposes. As indicated earlier in this EIR,an ETR is currently being prepared by DSRSD for the CWR project.It is anticipated that this EIR will be available for public review in September of this year(1996).Further information about this project can be obtained from DSRSD. The impacts associated with using ASR for wastewater disposal,including growth-inducing effects,are evaluated in the CWR EIR.Because the ASR component of the DERWA Program will not be designed,permitted,or operated for wastewater disposal,the DERWA Program _ will:not contribute to cumulative or growth-inducing effects associated with CWR's 402 sJclJ:1WORK1131768.RW\E1R1C.AP4.Dbc 4-10 CHAPTER 4 MA-RECTi53R£D IMPACT CONCLUSIONS increase in wastewater disposal.The CWR project is outside the control of DERWA;CWR's environmental impacts are related but different from.,and therefore not cumulative with, DERWA's environmental effects.Therefore,there are no significant cumulative impacts requiring mitigation measures to be implemented by DEKWA. 4.3 Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes and Commitment of Resources In accordance with Section 21053 of the California Environmental Quality Act(CEQA),and with Sections 15064 and 15065 of the State CEQA Guidelines,the purpose of this section is to identify impacts that could not be eliminated or reduced to an insignificant level by mitigation measures included as part of the proposed project,or by other mitigation measures that could be implemented,as described in Chapter 3,Environmental Setting, Impacts and Mitigation. No unmitigated significant unavoidable environmental effects are known to result from this project. Use of recycled water may become more widespread in the region over time as a result of the proposed Recycled Water Program.This long-term.change.may result in secondary benefits,such as greater reliability of water supply, to areas from which potable water supplies are currently being drawn and to other potential water users.No long-term effects on local health are expected,because of the quality of the recycled water produced by the DSKSD plant and ether potential sources evaluated,and because the proposed water treatment and use processes have been used elsewhere in the State of California for over 30 years without adverse effects.Similarly,because any potentially significant impacts to groundwater and surface water quality could be mitigated fully and because long-term cumulative impacts to regional groundwater and surface water resources are not expected to be significant,the project would not result in significant,irreversible changes to water quality. Irreversible effects from construction of proposed Program facilities would be negligible. The pump stations,tanks,and ASK wells would be located in sites protected from public access and would not significantly degrade the quality of the existing environmental setting. Installation of the recycled water pipeline would preclude some portions of the area under each roadway or in easements from being used by other utilities,if they are needed, in the future.Although the project could result in the loss of individual plants;no irreversible or irretrievable comzrritment of biological habitat is anticipated to occur. Nonrecoverable materials and energy would be used during the construction of the proposed Program facilities,but the amounts needed would be easily accommodated by existing supplies.The pump stations and ASR pumps would use nonrecoverable energy during operation. Although this increase in the amount of materials and energy would be insignificant,it would,nevertheless,be unavailable for other uses. Implementation of the Program would result in short-term construction-related impacts. However,the project would result in long-term benefits to the study area by providing a reliable source of water suitable for a variety of nonpotable uses.The availability of such -water would allow for the conservation of potable coater supplies in particular,and the better management of potable and nonpotable water supplies more generally. As discussed 403 S,lGl1:iWORK113178S.RW\EIR\CHAP4.DOC 4.11 CHAPTER 4 CKA•REOUtRED IMPACT CONCLMON8 in Section 3.10,:Human Health and Safety,the proposed project would not pose a short-or long-term risk to public health. The study area has periodically endured several years of drought,and will likely endure more drought conditions in the future,making high-quality recycled water a valuable component of water conservation efforts.Recycled water will be available for irrigation when potable supplies would have been reduced for all uses,including irrigation: 1 8,VJ:\WORKl131768.RW\EIRtCHAP4.DX 4-12 404 ICI) c0.g S� c� i CHAYM 5 Alternatives Evaluated Section 15126(d)of the State CEQA Guidelines requires that an EIR describe a range of reasonable alternatives to a project,or to the location of a project,which could feasibly attain the basic objectives of the project,and provide an evaluation of the comparative merits of the alternatives.For any EIR,CEQA requires that the alternative of"No Project"be evaluated.The identification and evaluation of other alternatives developedspecifically for a given EIR should be performed according to the following criteria: • The discussion of alternatives should focus on alternatives capable of eliminating any significant adverse environmental effects or reducing them to a level of insignificance, even if these alternatives would impede to some degree the attainment of the project objectives,or would be more costly. + The potentially significant effects of the alternatives must be discussed,but in less detail than the significant effects of the project as proposed. • The range of alternatives required in an EIR is governed by the"rule of reason"that requires the ETR to set forth only those alternatives necessary to permit a reasoned choice. The discussion of alternatives should foster informed decision-,making and informed public participation. • An EIR need not consider an alternative whose effect cannot be reasonably ascertained and whose implementation is remote and speculative. 5.1 Approach to Alternatives Evaluation As indicated in Section 2.4 of this EIR,several customer service options exist for implementation of the Recycled Water Program.These options,and their related facilities, were developed through an extensive facilities planning process; they represent the culmination of the consideration of multitude of service area configurations,water supply scenarios,and facilities alternatives. To provide the greatest level in decision-making flexibility,DERWA determined early in the environmental review process to evaluate all of the customer service options at an equal level of detail in this EIR.In addition,the four alternative transmission alignments,and alternative sites for some pump stations and storage tanks are also evaluated at an equal level of detail in this document.Consequently,project alternatives that would normally be included in this"section of an ETR(i.e.,alternative locations for facilities,alternative component configurations,etc.)are not included here because they are evaluated as part of the Program in the main body of the EIR text(Chapter 3). This alternatives chapter focuses, therefore,on the fallowing alternatives: &rC J:\WORKi131768.RMlfilIOM14ED.MC 5-1 406 CHAPTER 5 ALTERNATIVES EVALUATED • No Project Alternative • Environmentally Superior Alternative 5.2 No Project Alternative Under this alternative,the proposed DERWA Water Recycling Program would not be implemented. The DSRSD plant would continue to discharge treated wastewater to the San Francisco Bay according to the conditions of its wastewater discharge permit.None of the existing or future customers for recycled water use would be provided an alternative to potable water,and none of the project components (pipelines,pump stations,tanks,ASR wells,etc.)would be constructed. Potential Significant Effects of No Project Alternative Under the No Project Alternative,none of the potentially significant impacts identified as resulting from the proposed project would occur. Specifically,there would be no impacts related to soils and vegetation(from total dissolved solids [TDSj in the recycled water), hydrology/surface water quality,groundwater quality,biological resources, traffic/circulation,cultural resources,or aesthetics.Even so,all of these potentially significant impacts could be mitigated to less-than-significant levels as detailed in this EIR, and implementation of the No Project Alternative would not yield substantial environmental benefits relative to the proposed Water Recycling Program because none of the beneficial impacts from the project would occur. Advantages/Disadvantages of the Alternative Because the Water Recycling Program would not be implemented under this alternative,the beneficial effects of the project,including the reduced use of potable water for non-drinking water uses and the provision of a more reliable water resource during drought-imposed irrigation reduction,would not be attained. For these reasons,the No Project Alternative would not meet the objectives of the project. 5.3 Environmentally Superior Alternative Section 15126(d)(2)of the State CEQA Guidelines states that if the environmentally superior alternative is the"No Project"alternative,the EIR must also identify an environmentally superior alternative among the other alternatives. For the proposed DERWA Water Recycling Program,the No Project Alternative would be considered the environmentally superior alternative only from a short-term impact perspective,because none of the construction-related impacts of the Program would occur. From a long-term,regional,and environmentally beneficial perspective, the Water Recycling Program as proposed represents the environmentally superior alternative. The project would reduce the withdrawal of potable water from fresh water sources for landscape irrigation and other uses that would be better served by recycled water. In addition,the Water Recycling Program would not result in significant,unmitigable environmental impacts. Because the proposed project would maximize the potential for long-term 407 Si MAWORK11317&S.RW1E(R l00314ED.DOC 5-2 CHAPTER 5 ALTERNATIVES EVALUATED environmental benefits,and would not result in significant adverse environmental impacts, therefore,it represents the environmentally superior alternative. 408 SJob1.1WORK113176$AMEW00314ED.DOC 5-3 c r. as 409 CHAPTER 6 CE A Mitigation Monitoring Requirements In January 1989,California enacted AB 3180(Cortese Bill),which requires lead agencies to "adopt a reporting and mitigation monitoring program for the changes to the project which it has adopted or made a condition of project approval in order to mitigate or avoid significant effects on the environment."The specific "reporting or monitoring"program required by AB 3180 is not required by CEQA Guidelines to be included in the EIR. Throughout this EIR,however,mitigation measures have been clearly identified and presented in language that will facilitate establishment of a monitoring program.Any measures adopted.by DERWA as conditions for approval of the project will be included in a Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program to verify compliance. 410 SJC4Z.\WORM131768.RMEIR1100314Ed.DOC 6-1 i m� } CHAPTER 7 Reference nce Materials Alameda County Blood Control and Water Conservation District, Zone 7.May 14, 1996. Personal communication with Jeff Tang. Alameda County Blood Control and Water Conservation District,Zone 7.June 20,1995. Technical Memorandum: Main,Basin Groundwater Salt Balance,-1974-94 WY Alameda County Planning Department. March 1, 1996. Personal communication with Steven Buckley. Alameda County Planning Department. May 5, 1994.East CountyPlan,a portion of the Alameda County General Plan.Volume 1;:Goals Policies and Programs. Alameda County Waste Management Authority.December 1993.Integrated Waste Management Facility,Conceptual Flan.Draft EIR. Association of Bay Area Governments(ABAG),BAAQMD,and Metropolitan Transportation Commission(MTC).June 1$,1991. Draft Bay Area `91 Clean Air Plan(CAP): Implementing all "Feasible" Controls. Bay Area Air Quality Management District CEQA Guidelines.December 1995. Assessing the Air Oualijy Impacts of Projects and Plans. Bay Area Air Quality Management District.November 1985.Air Quality and Urban Development: Guidelines for Assessing Facts of Projects and Plans. Brown and Caldwell Consultants.December 1990.Master Plan Updates&.Recycled Water Supply Analyses: Dougherty, Valley,East Dublin West Dublin and West San Ramon. California Air Resources Board (CARB).1992, 1993,and 1994 Annual Summaries.California Air Quality Data. California Air Resources Board(GARB).April 1984.California Surface Wind Climatol Aerometric Data Division. California Department of Fish and Game. 1996.Natural Diversity Data Base(Rarefind California Department of Transportation(Caltrans).June 1988.Air Ouality Technical Analysis Notes. California Department of Water:resources (CW DR). 1974. Evaluation of Groundwater Resources: Livermore and Serol Valley—s.CWDR Bulletin No. 118-2,June 1974. California EPA. 1994.Facilijy Inventory Data Base Hazardous Waste and Substances Sites List. California.regional Water Quality Control Board. 1995.Water Qualily Control Plan for the Sin Francisco Bay Basin(1995 Basin Plan) 41? SJC/W:\VIORM131768.RME1R1100314E4.Doo 7-1 CIRAPTER 7 REFERENCE MATERIALS California Regional Water Quality Control Board.San Francisco Bay Region. 1993.Order 93-159.Water Reuse Requirements for Alameda Coun , Flood Control and Water Conservation District Zone 7 California State Water Resources Control Board. May 1988.Resolution No. 88-63: Adoption of Policy Entitled "Sources of Drinking Water." Camp Dresser&McKee,Inc. November 1993.Water Suiply Planning Report.Adopted January 1994 by Zone 7,Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District. Camp Dresser&McKee.March 1982.Wastewater Magi a ent Study for the Unsewered, Unincorporated Area of Alameda Creek Watershed Above Niles(Supplement).Prepared for Zone 7. Carollo,John,Engineers. December 1994.Plan of Services Investigation for the Tassajara, Valley Progty Owners Association. Century West Engineering Corporation.April 1995.Results of Geotechnical Investigation for Alamo Canal and Alternative Recycled Pipeline Alignments.Prepared for DSRSD. CH2M HILL.August 1994.haft Environmental_Impact Report for the Palo Alto Regional _Water Quality Control Plant Wastewater Reclamation PEggam.Prepared for the City of Palo Alto. City of Dublin.April 1996.Final Environmental impact Report for Schaefer Ranch Pro�ct/ General Plan Amendment. City of Dublin.August 1993.Cii!y of Dublin Zoning Ordinance. City of Dublin.Adopted February 11,1985.Revised.September 14, 1992.City of Dublin General Plan. City of Pleasanton.Adopted September 16, 1986.Revised November 2,1993.The Pleasanton Plan. City of San Ramon. September 1995.City of San Ramon General Plan Draft Update. City of San Ramon. 1994.Citywide Traffic Monitoring;Study:Map, City of San Ramon. December 7, 1994.Amendments to the San Ramon Zoning Ordinance. City of San Ramon.October 1992.1992 Ugdate Report Draft Pavement Manaeg_men5 sy tem (mg) City of San Ramon,Community Development Department,Planning Services Division, April 14, 1992.City of San Ramon Housing Element(1990 Update). City of San Ramon.October 10,1989.City of San Ramon Zoning Ordutance. City of San Ramon.Ordinance No. 188.Ordinance of the City of Sart Ramon Governing Tree Preservation. Contra Costa Cities-County-District. Stormwater Pollution Control Expam,NPDES Stormwater Permit Application. 413 sJC1J:W0RK1131768.RME1R\100314E4.DOC 7.2 CHAKER 7 REFERENCE MATERIALS Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors.June 23, 1981. Amended July 3, 1985.5ycamore Valle`Sggcific Plan. Contra Costa County. 1996.Guide to LAFCO Procedures. Contra Costa County.January 1993.DougheM Valley 5yecific Plan. Contra Costa County,April 1992.Dougherty Valley General Plan Amendment. Dames&s Moore.May 1.3, 1996.Final-Report LaM:orinda Reqcled Water Pr : Evaluation of Potential Tm acts on Reservoir Qualft Due to Re sled Water t3se for Irrigation. Prepared for EBl1?Cit7D. DK Associates. December 15, 1992.DK Associates Review of the Trafficand Circulation section of the Draft EIR for the Eastern Dublin General.Plan AMendment and Scific Plan. Driscoll,F.G. 1986.Groundwater and Wells.2nd Edition. Dublin San Ramon Services District.January 1996,Urban Water Management Pian. Dublin San Ramon Services District.September 1995.Initial Study for Clean Water Revival PrWggt-Prepared by Environmental Science Associates. Dublin San Ramon Services District.October 1994.CEOA Documentation for Wastewater Treatment Plant Filtersbiiitation. East Bay Municipal Utility District,et.al.September 1995.ASXMment to Settle Litigation Rely'RgIgiing to the DoggbgM Yalley General Plan.Amendment 5R@gfic Plan annd EnvirgoMental Impact R Girt and Relgft Rely ' to the Water Sulv Mana merit PLcVam and Enviroxnental Irn act Re ort of the East Pay Mtrnici al I Ftili District. East Bay Municipal Utility District/Dublin San Ramon Services District.June 1995.St_ eerie Committee Retort DSRSD/EBMUD joint Water Recycling Progz:am. East Bay Municipal Utility District. a-bed-Water 1a 'IeYnertt Program. East Bay Municipal Utility District. December 1987.Eav ronrnental Review Policy. EDAW,Inc.September 1993.Final EIR for the Updated Nater Suply Mann emeat Program.Prepared for EBMUD.SCH#890311122. EIP Associates.January 3,1992.Lang-Ranee Wastewater Management Plan for the Livermore-Arnador Valley Subse„ ent DEIR. EiP Associates.January 3,1992.Long-Rare Was Mann eg ment Plan for the Livermorre-Axnador Valley Subsequent DEIR Appo&es Environmental Science Associates.July 1996.Preliminary Information Pregared for Clean Water Revival EW-Prepared for DSRSD. Environmental Science Associates.October 1993.State Route 4 Bypass Prosect EIT,. Federal Emergency Management Agency.July 16, 1987.Flood Insurance Rate Maw for Contra Costa County. Mart,James D. 1978.A Com ganion to California. Oxford University Press,New York. 41. 4 &3C1J.WMK1131768AME#R4100314E4.DCG 7.3 CHAP ER 7 REFERENCE MATERIALS Hickman,James C.,Editor. 1993.The jegson Manual. Higher Plants of California. HYA Consulting Engineers.February 1995.Dublin San Ramon Services District Recycled Water Distribution System Master Plan. - HYA Consulting Engineers. December 1994.San Ramon Valley Recycled Water Protect Prelimin4U Engineering Study. Jones&Stokes Associates,Inc.June 1992.Draft Dougher jy Valley General Plan,Specific Plan,and.Related Protects Technical Appendices. Levy,Richard. 1978.Costanoan:.In California,edited by R.F.Heizer,Volume 8.Handbook of North American Indians,W.G. Sturtevant,general editor,pp.485-497. Smithsonian Institution,Washington,D.C. Montgomery-Watson.July 1996.Facilities Plan.for San Ramon.Valley Water --yding Program.Prepared for DERWA. Skinner,Mark W.,and.Bruce M.Pavlik Eds. 1994.The California Native Plant 5ocieVs Inventory of Rare and Enda= red Vascular Plants of California: Spe cal Publication No. 1 Fifth Edition). Town of Danville.May 1995.Danville Traffic Monitoring Study. Town.of Danville.1994.Ordinance No. 94-08.Municipal Code Regarding the Regglation of Land Use and Develo meat of Pro ernes within,the Downtown Area. Town of Danville.1994.Ordinance No.94-19 Relatin to tormwater Mana ement and Disrhare Control. Town of Danville. 1993.Danville Municipal Code onNoise Historic Preservation and Zoning Guidelines. Town of Danville.July 6,1993.1990-1995 Housing Element Update,Town.of Danville. Town of Danville. 1989.Ordinance No.89-8.Adding to Title 8,Historic Preservation establish rogram for the Preservation of Heritage Resources. Town of Danville.August 1988.Old Biackhawk road 5ggcific Plan. Town of Danville.January 1987.Draft EIR for the Town of Danville General Plan. Town of Danville.1987.The Town of Danville 2005 General flan. Town of Danville.November 1, 1994.Lawrence f Leema Road Specific Plan. Tri-Valley Subregional Planning Committee.September 11,1995.Tri-Valley Sobrconal Pimping Stmt u. US Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service,in cooperation with University of California Agricultural Experiment Station.September 1977.Soil S AnLey of Contra Costa County,California. US Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service,in cooperation with California Agricultural Experiment Station March 1966.Soil Survey of Alameda Area,California. SX/J.1W4RK1131768.RW\EIR1100314E4,Doo 7-4 41 i cKwmR 7 REFERENCE MATERAE.s US Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS).January 30, 1996.Personal Communication with Sheila Larson(Endangered Species Office,Sacramento,California). US Geological Survey. 1980.Geologic Map of Dublin Quadrangle. (P8-64,O.F.R.80-537) Vessel,Matthew F.,and Herbert H.Wong. 1987.Natural History of Vacant Lots. Wallace Roberts&Todd.January 7, 1994.Final Eastern Dublin General Plan Amendment. Wallace Roberts &Todd.January 7,1994.Final Eastern Dublin Specific Plan. Wallace Roberts&Todd.May 4,2993.Addendum to the Draft EIR to Eastern Dublin General Plank.Amendment and Specific Plan. Wallace Roberts&Todd. December 21,1992.Final ETR to Eastern Dublin General Plan Amendment and Specific Plan Res onse to Comments on the DEIRR Part TI. Wallace Roberts&Todd. December 7,1992.Final EIR to Eastern DubjbiGeneral Plan Amendment and Spgdfic Plan Response to Comments on the DEIR Part 2. Wallace Roberts&Todd.August 28,1992.Draft EIR to Eastern Dublin General Plan Amendment and Syecific Plan,Part I. Wallace Roberts&Todd.August 28,1992.Draft ETR to Eastern Dublin General Plank Amendment and Specific Plan Appendix Part I1 416 SJt*ORK 13176$.AW1EIR1100314E4.DOc 7,5 l �a': �; �� �, �, ��"� CHAPTER 8 Report Preparation Lead Agency DERWA 7051 Dublin Boulevard Dublin,CA 94568 Contact: Mr.Bert Michalczyk EIR Consultant CH2M HULL Valerie Young,Project Manager .Fritts Golden,Senior Review and Project Planner Jill Bergman,Project and Planning Assistant Dan Wendell,Groundwater Leslie Dumas,Surface Water Andrea Gardner,Geology and Aesthetics Leslie R.egos,Traffic Amy Hiss,Biological Resources John Gaston,Public Health Jim Bard,Cultural Resources Latonya Coleman,Air Quality Other Consultants Montgomery-Watson-San Ramon Valley Recycled Water Program Facilities Plan, Soils/Salinity/Vegetation Analysis 418 sJcYJ:1WOFIM131768.HW1€IM104314ES.00c 8-1 r i7 Z! ip 419 x � 3 DER WA DSRSL7'EBMUD Rwyckd WATER Avrlt/oRhy �wrNERs JN WAra? Rwyc&q January 12, 1996 To Responsible Agencies and interested Parties: The Dublin San Ramon Services District/East Bay Municipal Utility district Recycled Water Authority (DERWA), as lead agency, will prepare an Environmental Impact Report (E)R) for the Joint Water Recycling Program, a project to develop and deliver recycled water to communities in the San Ramon Valley. The project description, including potential environmental impacts, are attached. 'lease provide your views as to the scope and content of the environmental issues related to the proposed project, in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). You are also invited to attend a Public Scoping Meeting on February 7, 1996 at 7:30 p.m. The meeting will be at the San Flamers Valley Fire Department Boardroom at 1500 Bollinger Canyon Road, San Ramon. The purpose of the Scoping Meeting is to provide a forum for your views on the scope of the environmental issues for the project. Information regarding the project will be presented and a question and answer period provided. Due to the time limits mandated by State law, your response must be sent at the earliest possible date but not later than 30 days after receipt of this notice. Please send your response, including the name of a contact person for your organization where appropriate, to DERWA at the address shown below. We encourage your written response to the Notice of Preparation and we hope to see you at the Scoping Meeting. Date: January 1 2. 1996 Bert Michalczyk, Authority Man ger DERWA 7051 Dublin Boulevard Dublin, CA 945658 (510) 828-0515 (510) 829-1180 (Fax) 421. 7051 DubliN Bou[EVARd, Dublirv, CA 94568 (510) 828-0515 Fax: (510) 829»1180 >1 DERWA NOP 1!11196 Notice of Preparation DERWA' Recycled Water project Description _7 DERWA, in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act(CEQA), is sending this Notice of Preparation (NOP)to responsible agencies, other agencies, organizations,and individuals. DERWA will act as lead agency and will prepare an Environmental impact Report(EIR) for this project. The three key components of the DERWA project to be evaluated in the BIR are water supply and use, distribution area, and facility components and configuration. Summary A system for the treatment, transmission, storage, and distribution of recycled water is proposed to be developed to serve customers with non-potable water needs, such as landscape irrigation. This service is proposed for the Town of Danville and City of San Ramon in Contra Costa County, and the City of Dublin in Alameda County and for unincorporated areas near these municipalities. The anticipated distribution area for recycled water is comprised of Dublin (including Eastern Dublin),San Ramon,portions of Danville,Blackhawk,Dougherty Valley,Tassajara Valley,and Western Dublin (west of the Dublin City limit). The attached map shows the project area. The project consists of the delivery of recycled water,first to selected customers with non-potable water needs in portions of the East Bay Municipal Utility District(EBMUD) and the Dublin San Ramon Services District(DSRSD)service areas,and then to future users in areas expected to be annexed to District service areas. Initially, service would be provided to existing customers,principally in the incorporated area of the three municipalities and in nearby developed areas. Future developments that are currently planned or are anticipated in unincorporated areas outside this existing urban core would be served with recycled water as they develop. Recycled water is highly treated and disinfected wastewater that is suitable and safe for many non-potable uses. The water must meet the water reclamation criteria of the California Code of Regulations,Title 22. The recycled water will be supplied from the DSRSD Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant in Pleasanton. Other potential recycled water sources also will be evaluated. Recycled water is currently being produced by DSRSD for use by Caltrans on highway landscaping in the vicinity of the DSRSD plant. Studies by the Districts, a Steering Committee, and DERWA indicate that nearly 200 existing customers within the boundaries of the proposed service area have a potential need for recycled water. Development plans for the region indicate an increased ' DERWA is the acronym for the Dublin San Ramon Services District-East Bay Municipal Utility District Recycled Water Authority S 1 A t U r ��dd�w "'"`� a .�€3i��' .�' �`�i ^�$'' i` `w # �:� rbet►�t4tbP'�'t n, X44 a44P4Pt4'v�♦#t,.r. +,�. � �` � 4,�l4 4P♦4 4♦4 P 1 P`s b�Pa44l,4a«a�l PPP 4 4t4PPlP44a4l1 � � 414 P i1at444 , � s �'"a. � ,3� �'`i, '` #"'"'� # r"�'`'` `` #t/4�1t*P#! ltt�lAklblARttl4+►D��#�+�I�P4f t444b4 44P4b444 . 4444 atlt!!t4OR tt4t4'�l�tt"ARM4a4 Pl4P4PMttttP9' 44PM4 1 fa 4 # +�P4l9 ♦4ls�P�t`!`+D4aPPt4lPlt44� 5 r PPttbP'r 4�#PtP s - ,�UMtP P ! 4t4�P44lP&r tatl,�tt�i „ r44ttb# aA.U.M ♦-la444t+��P ` '` !►elft+P� ,�#!*l�a�l� :�, ♦4♦44a}♦4Pt � �. ♦4a4tP4Pa• w J4t44sltt w,F� � ♦♦a4.44aati b♦44•'4♦ata t444aaa4P# CA0- #t1!!t �tt44+44t(Plbt!l1444t# • � �"►4i#4#ate�a'S*♦l�p444t s t444 441♦"�♦PP4P � =` E utJ w � f♦4♦�444��4�`#!`t+lt +D t„� � ait444444Pa4• 44 t+F4♦a444 c �,y °`t♦ �' �� tie w..vc h.t,� «« P'►"��w4taalA''�O �4 .w" *r; ass 04t#P4P�tatAPAtAP�t4s� tPlP44tla44a♦ " ttPPtPa4atP♦a♦ � 4 � E a4t4at4 Pb 4141!b 441 ' a r�44ttaPtrPdPltPt4ttttPPPPPPPaP4�+ la4P444tab44lMt444 +�,,,4t 4,,t lt44444tPP44a4a44P4 - tP♦4PP44a4at4t4a4at4 4at4la44a 144#44PaaP m,� 'o esz r � a4bt4P 144Pl4tl4laa4P^� r s � � 'r9°� �':c ,,.`s �44a44taa444tttPt4♦4a4 '� �a ,�, � , y 4„t*llbbw,R��,lltP4tta,blt� .�`..—...'�' 4�►*44a4lt4444"i-bP!4�- � -"�""°ry'�.� -: «: at444t4w��..« �t..P.�a aceta► . .,, ,,�. ..�.�,`� .,. Y �� un iii LEGEND Existing Development • r r : Service Areas Approved Development within DSRSDIEBMUD Service Areas Approved Developmentoutside DSRSD/EBMUO Service Areas Proposed Development,not yet approved,outside Service Areas 14444 PotentialLocations Initial Phase FacilitiesI ;M 1 i DERWA NDP 1/11196 customer base over time. Parks, athletic fields, landscaped public spaces, road medians, golf courses, plant nurseries, and similar areas of maintained vegetation are examples of locations with water needs that can be met with recycled water. Initially,the project i could provide approximately 4,4502 acre-feet per year(AF/yr)of recycled water for existing demands, approved development in the service area would add 1,500 AF/yr of demand. The project will also evaluate and provide for future system expansion as demand for recycled water increases in developing areas., A fully developed system, that serves all of the project area,would provide approximately 10,000 AF/yr of recycled water. No decision has been made on the project's ultimate demand or service scope. A Facilities Plan is being prepared concurrently with the EIR and will be issued at about r the same time as the EIR. Preparation of the Facilities Plan and the ETR will be integrated through the use of information and analyses developed for bath documents. History EBMUD provides water treatment and delivery services to customers in the northern portion of the San Ramon Valley. DSRSD has'water and wastewater customers at the southern end of the San Damon Valley as well as in the Livermore Amador Valley. DSRSD has a wastewater treatment plant just south of Dublin,in Pleasanton. 4n July 1, 1994,EBMUD and DSRSD entered into a planning agreement to facilitate the development of a joint water recycling program to meet the needs of the Districts' customers in this area. The agreement was the result of a Memorandum of Understanding signed by both districts in June 1990 to facilitate the joint development of water recycling projects. DSRSD has adopted a Recycled Water Master Plan and EBMUD has adopted a Water Reclamation Implementation Plan as part of its Water Supply Management Program. A Steering Committee created as part of the 1994 planning agreement recommended creation of a joint powers agency(JPA)to develop and implement a water recycling program for the San Ramon Valley and portions of the Livermore Amador Valley. The DSRSD-EBMUD Recycled Water Authority (DERWA) was formed as a JPA to undertake projects to deliver recycled water to this area. DERWA held its first meeting on August 21, 1995. Objectives The objective of the project is to maximize the amount of recycled water delivered while recovering costs. It is DERWA's intent to construct or develop as soon as is practical facilities capable of delivering, at a minimum, approximately 6,000 AF/yr of recycled 2 Estimated demand volumes are currently being re-evaluated and are subject to revision during the EIR and Facilities Plan process. 424 _ 3 DERWA NOP 1111156 water. Although recycling will reduce the amount of wastewater being discharged to the Bay, reducing wastewater flows is not an objective of the project. The DERWA project furthers the objectives of the two participating Districts with regard to recycling water. DSRSD adopted Water Recycling Policies (Resolution No. 42-92) that are intended to: • Promote, produce, sell, and deliver recycled water to retail and wholesale customers. • Manage the recycled water program on an equitable and self-supporting basis. • Work with others to develop ordinances and guidelines to encourage the use of recycled water. • Develop local regulations and standards to ensure the safe and beneficial use of recycled water. • Conduct public information and customer service programs to ensure that the public has an appropriate understanding of recycled water including the benefits of using recycled water. EBMUD established reclamation as an important component of its Water Supply Management Program. The program's reclamation goal is to achieve an additional eight million gallons per day of yield by year 2020 by providing reclaimed water to major irrigators and industrial users. The largest projects are to be located in the San.Ramon Valley and the Hercules/Pinole area Both Districts have signed the statewide Memorandum of Understanding for Urban Water Conservation in California, which calls for districts to support water recycling wherever technically and economically reasonable. Project Area The area being considered for recycled water service is shown in the attached map. It consists of the existing urban areas of San Ramon, Dublin, and part of Danville as well as unincorporated areas to the cast and west that are in the process of being developed, have approved specific development plans, or are in the process of preparingplans. Water Supply The estimated recycled water demand is about 4,450 AF/yr. Typical customers include parks, athletic fields, landscaped public spaces,road medians,golf courses,plant nurseries,,and similar areas with maintained vegetation.There is a potential future demand for approximately 5,500 AF/yr of additional recycled water in areas currently being developed or planned for development over the next several decades. Thus, projected ultimate recycled water demand could be about 10,000 AF/yr. 425 4 DERWA NOP 1/11!96 The demand for recycled water will be highest during the dry summer season. Demand will be low during the wet season. The supply of recycled wastewater, by contrast,can be produced at a fairly steady rate throughout the year. The result is that summer recycled- water demands may outstrip supplies, while the winter supplies may exceed demand. High-demand period supplies would therefore need to be augmented in some way. Possible sources of augmentation water include seasonal withdrawals from storage, withdrawals from groundwater, additions of potable water, or acquisition of recycled water supplies from others. Recycled water is proposed to be provided by the DSRSD Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant. Under its 1992 Agreement for Wastewater Disposal Services with the City of Pleasanton, DSRSD holds certain rights to a share of the flow from the DSRSD plant. In 1994, this share was 3,360 AF/yr, or about 38% of the flow. The balance of the wastewater flow from the plant might potentially be available for recycling if an interagency agreement with Pleasanton can be established. Water for the recycled water system could also be supplied from a number of other j sources. Treated wastewater from the Livermore plant could be diverted to DERWA transmission facilities. Untreated wastewater from the Central Contra Costa Sanitary District(CCCSD)system might potentially be available to be pumped into the DSRSD ' wastewater collection system for treatment at its plant and reuse in the recycled water system. I Supply short-falls could also be made up by pumping non-potable water from the fringe groundwater basin underlying the region for blending with recycled water. Alternatively, during high demand periods, recycled water could be supplemented by potable water from each agency's distribution system for use within each agency's service area. These and other potential additional water sources will be evaluated as part of the EIR process. Project Components The project will consist of the provision of recycled wastewater from the DSRSD treatment plant, a transmission pipeline system,pump stations and operational storage facilities, distribution pipelines, and customer-site facilities. Peak-demand storage facilities may also be required. Each of these is described below. DSRSD Treatment Plant Facilities for filtration and disinfection of the wastewater prior to its introduction into the recycled water system will be located at the DSRSD plant site as part of a separate project. Existing filter systems will be refurbished or replaced to meet Title 22 regulatory requirements. Environmental review for these actions has already been completed. 426 5 DERWA NOP 1111146 Transmission Pipeline Transmission of the recycled water will be via an underground pipe system independent of existing potable water systems. Service to the existing water customers will require a transmission pipe approximately 13-miles long. Service to developing areas will require proportionately more pipe. Depending on final engineering calculations, the backbone of the system may be 24- to 60-inch diameter pipes. The larger diameter pipe would be required nearer the DSRSD plant, the smaller diameter pipe would be required in more distant parts of the system. Several corridors are being considered for transmission pipelines. They include some combination of the Southern Pacific Railroad right-of-way, Dublin Boulevard,Village Parkway,Alcosta Boulevard, Crow Canyon Road,Bollinger Canyon Road,Camino Tassajara,Tassajara.Road, and Dougherty Road. Pump Stations and Storage Facilities For reliable daily operations, the system may require storage of recycled water in above- ground or in-groundtanks or in groundwater aquifers. Although these storage locations are not yet final,initial engineering evaluations indicate that to serve current water customers,one tank will likely be required in the foothills east of Alcosta Boulevard, between Old Ranch Road and Montevideo Road, and a second tank may be needed in the vicinity of Crow Canyon Road and Dougherty Road. One pump station will be located near the existing DSRSD Wastewater Treatment Plant A booster pump station may be required along the transmission pipeline. The pump station along the pipeline is expected to be in the vicinity of Alcosta Boulevard between Bollinger Canyon Road and Crow Canyon Road. To serve future customers, additional pumping facilities and storage facilities may be required along the final transmission pipeline route. The potential locations of these facilities will be determined and evaluated through the EIR and facilities planning processes. Storage tanks may not be required if use of wells in aquifers proves practical for meeting daily peak operational demand. Facilities to Meet Peak Seasonal Demand As indicated previously.,the supply of recycled water is generated at a fairly constant rate throughout the year,but demand is at a peak during the summer irrigation season and very minor during the winter. The anticipated summer daily demand is projected to exceed the daily capacity of the DSRSD plant to provide recycled water. Several alternatives are under consideration to bridge this gap. One strategy would be to store excess recycled water during low-demand periods and use the stored water later to meet peak demand. This storage can be achieved by use of new surface reservoirs,new storage tanks,or underground storage in groundwater aquifers. 427 6 f DERWA NOP 1111196 In aquifer storage, water would be put into the aquifer via injection wells during low- demand periods and taken out via extraction wells during high-demand periods. An alternative would be to pump some of the native groundwater to make up some or all of supply shortfalls during periods of peak demand. The nature, location, and operation of storage facilities is being determined during the EIR process. Pipes connecting wells to the transmission system will be required. Peak demand could also be met by seasonal acquisition of additional recycled water from other agencies,as described in the Water Supply section of this NOP. Distribution Lines The distribution system will consist of pipes branching off the transmission pipeline as needed to connect the transmission system to customer locations. The final size and location of these pipes will be determined when the transmission pipeline location and the customer hook-up locations are known. The distribution lines may consist of pipes ranging from 6-to 18-inches in diameter,depending on pressure and volume considerations. The distribution lines would be placed within public streets and easements. Customer fan-site Facilities On-site facilities will be required to connect users to the distribution system. These facilities will typically consist of a small-diameter pipeline branching off the distribution pipe, and a gate valve/metering device. On-site improvements may be required in existing irrigation systems to accommodate use of this water and ensure separation from the potable water system. Future developments would be designed to accommodate recycled water use. It is assumed that these on-site facilities will be located within the customer's property in areas that have already been developed with parking, driveways, or ornamental landscaping. These customer-site facilities will be discussed in the EIR but, because of their location,they are not likely to have the potential for creating significant adverse environmental impacts. Environmental Evaluation - The final recycled water project will be defined and selected by DERWA through the CEQA and facility planning processes. The Steering Committee conducted a preliminary environmental assessment of the project in February-1995 which;,is contained in the Steering Cortunittee report of June, 1995.The environmental assessment recommended that an EIR.b prepared. In December 1995,DERWA concluded that an EIR should be prepared, and that evaluations should be undertaken of water supply options, the potential 428 7 DERWA NOP 111 DY6 service area, and the facilities needed to serve that area. No preferred configuration of supply options, facilities, or extent of the service area has been determined. These variables will be evaluated during the EIR process. The categories of potential impact and their possible environmental effects that will be evaluated in the EIR are listed below. The list of possible effects provides the basis for analysis in the EIR, and may be revised during the scoping process. Impact Categog Passible Environmental Effects Geology and Seismicity Facilities could be affected by seismic - -activity in the region. Salinity, Soils, and'Vegetation Use of recycled water could affect salinity of soils and health of vegetation Air Operation of construction vehicles could temporarily affect air unlit . Water and Groundwater Facility installation could affect surface drainage. Groundwater quality and movement could be affected by application and/or storage-of recycled water. Biological Resources Facilities in undeveloped land could affect wildlife and plants. Noise Construction vehicles could generate noise. Pump facilities could generate noise. Land Use The project could affect land uses in the vicinity of rq t facilities. Human Health Human health could be affected by contact with recycled water. Failure of above- ground storage facilities could affect down -slope prop2rdes. Transportation and Circulation Traffic could be disrupted during installation of pipelines. Public Services and Utilities Public services and utilities could be disturbed during construction. Energy Construction vehicles and pump stations could increase energy consumption. Aesthetics Above-ground facilities could alter visual character in their vicinity. Cultural Resources Construction could disturb buried archaeological resources. 429 8 DERWA NOP 1111196 ` i In addition to these topics,CEQA requires mandatory conclusions regarding impacts in three specific areas. These are listed below. Required Impact Conclusion Possible Environmental Effects Growth-Inducing Impacts Provision of recycled water could induce growth. Cumulative Impacts Project impacts could be coincident with " >. impacts of other projects in the vicinity. Significant Unavoidable Environmental Project could cause significant unavoidable Effects environmental effects. t Meetings and Public Comment l A public scoping meeting has been scheduled to receive comments on the scope of evaluations that should be considered in the EIR. At least one public hearing on the Draft EIR also will be held by the DERWA Board. The time and location of the public hearing(s) is to be determined. The time and location of the scoping meeting is shown -r below: Location: San Ramon Valley Fire District Boardroom 1500 Bollinger Canyon Road San Ramon Date: February 7, 1996 Time: 7:30 p.m. Written responses to this Notice of Preparation are encouraged. In addition, comments and information can be provided directly to DERWA at any time during the EIR preparation process. The point of contact for providing comments and information is listed below: DERWA Telephone: 510 828-0515 Attn.: Bruce Webb Facsimile: 510 829-1180 Steering Committee Member 7051 Dublin Boulevard Dublin, CA 94568 For additional information regarding the Recycled Water Project, you may also contact: Robert Anderson, Asst. General Manager Public Information Coordinator DSRSD (Address and telephone as above.) 430 9 i � iX $ � � llllll�I'll I 11 � � � I'll I 11 : 11 O qty tatr of vCaltfamia GOVERNOR'S OFFICE OF PLANNING AND RESEARCH �*_ 4�rr�� ' 1400 TENTH STREET PETE WILSON SACRAMENTO 95814 LEE GRissOM GOVERNOR DIRECTOR DATE: January 16, 1996 TO: Reviewing Agencies RE: DERWA RECYCLED MATER PROJECT SCH# 96013028 Attached for your comment is the Notice of Preparation for the DERWA RECYCLED WATER PROJECT draft Environmental Impact Report_. (EIR) . Responsible agencies must transmit their concerns and comments on the scope and content of the NOT:', focusing on specific information related, to their own statutory responsibility, within 30 days of receipt of this notice . We encourage commenting agencies to respond to this notice and express their concerns early in the environmental review process. Please direct your comments to: BERT MICHALCZYK DERWA 7051 DUBLIN BOULEVARD DUBLIN, CA 94568 with a copy to the Office of Planning and Research. Please refer to the SCH number noted above in all correspondence concerning this project. if you have any questions about the review process, call at (916) 445-0513 . Sincerely, y ANTERO A RIVASPLATA. Chief, State Clearinghouse Attachments DSRSD 01919513=33 cc: Lead Agency 432 E< z a za= zn< 0-0 1 3n i� 2 Ur Cc, as Z<um u 1!0, mu 10" < i § I � c 0:7 0 r 9ZI < a 04 C� Z co� c v -10,Ell P� z 4 �..2 0 Ow, - 5E 1� 1 9 < in 00- O�s s:i 9 w 8 s 0 Z z R� tAo 3t Z�V,�, 7 F� D L___j ct� t �00 c 01 C_- Vo 4! 0 C�11 01 01 q C2, < ig X < x< .9 -t, 0ou- C� =it 0 =6 4�4 A -22 m a �-,J!, 1: - lid .�! 13 - 1! 6 t; "' 12 1� ZA 9 01 V V 2 1 1 1 F� F-1 7 F� El rZil 7 Ell R -0 E v2 c Al C.V R a :9 So..;of ISUG Rd,,; do�:E G,\07 Q 9L-- jiLl F� F"� F� F� F� F-1 EJ El F� F �22 o� co�- A dt s! ail. 1�po -PIE 9, u < <8 P4 4.41 11 - v"H jdz! t CK 0 1 j s-up UM ;v. M< 94 W. -U, oi-I , 1-.0 -ZA Z 1. 19 18 4 MIA., Z=, C p1l L 44 0 EM tau j V; -.1-51 -cc 'S ".0> *�tj I'u. m I O�1� E Z; 6 V ad i% I a a, 9, mv a I em r. IM13! DR H, A 0 U F� EJ 1:1 E`� El El 0 F� F� F r_ OR Z �-t*� �; z< 11: XA Q ju,�, A 1; vf� 0 v-f wtal r6. z B i tit X -1 n i bad ga I i In.- V'451* I- S - g t�- A J 3. 0 QW we 99 OM 0 EJ F �e V) x 8"a EJ 7 F� 7 F� 433 ............... ...... ............ ............ ....... CONTRA COSTA COUNTY LOCAL AGENCY FORMATION COMMISSION 651 Pine street,Eighth Floor * Martinez,CA 9553.1229 Ia . . fc (S10)6464090 * FAX(519)6466.2M MEMBERS ALTERNA'T'E MEMBERS Gayle Bishop Dwight Meadows Joseph;canchunilla EXECtMVE OFFICER County Supervisor Special Districts Pittsburg City Council ANNAMARTA PERREL,L.A Frances Greene Michael Menesini Martin B.McNair Public Member Martinez City Council Public Member David Jameson Mark DeSsulnier Susan McNulty Rainey Special Districts County Supervisor Special Districts January 19, 1996 Gayle B.Uilkema Jiro Rogers Lafayette City Council County Supervisor DBRWA Attn: Bruce Webb MRS-0 A23'36W2:24 Meering Committee Member 7051 Dublin Boulevard Dublin, CA.94568 Re: Notice of Preparation- DERWA(Dublin San Ramon Services District East Bay Municipal Utility District Recycled 'Water Authority) Deas Mr. Webb: Thank you for requesting LAFCO's comments on the subject document. On behalf of LAFCO, I commend the DER WA:on the proposed system for the treatment, transmission, storage and distribution of recycled water in certain areas of Contra Costa and Alameda Counties. LAFCO's environmental role is often that of a Responsible Agency. "Responsible" Agency status occurs when LAFCO is not the"Lead" Agency but, nevertheless, has discretionary approval authority over a project in tandem with, or separate from, that of the Lead Agency. Those approvals include jurisdictional changes(annexations, reorganizations, etc.) or sphere of influence amendments. In reviewing the Notice of Preparation, it doesn't appear that LAFCO will be required to grant approval over any part of the proposed project. Therefore, I have no comments on the environmental document. Fours truly, } 4 Annamaria Perrella Executive Officer cc: LAFC Commissioners 434 Sunset DEVELOPMENT COMPANY 19rSI Post Office Box 640 One Annabel Lane San Ramon,California 94583 Fax510/866-1330 Tel 510/866.010(3 January 22, 1996 " r Mr. Bruce Webb DERWA Steering Committee Member 7051 Dublin Blvd. Dublin, CA 94568 Dear Mr. Webb•. DSRSD A11MSPN12»21 We have received the Notice of Preparation of an Environmental Impact Report for the DERWA Recycled Water Project and have no comments as of this time. Please place us on the mailing list to receive future drafts, reports, etc., of both the w EIR and the actual Project Reports. Thank you for your assistance in this matter. Sincerely, Peter R. Oswald Senior Vice President General Manager PRo:kolb/f Developing A Better Way Of Life Since Nineteen Fifty-One. 435 Rafanefli and N has Real Estate Development January 23, 1996 Mr. Bert Michalczyk Authority Manager DERWA 7051 Dublin Blvd. Dublin, California 94568 Dear Bert: I received your notice of the Public Scoping Meeting on February 7th; . although I will not be able to attend the meeting, l want you to know our firm fully supports an aggressive program to provide and utilize recycled water within the DSRSD and East Bay MUD service areas. I have reviewed the potential environmental effects listed, and the only one which I consider significant is the erect on salinity of sails and health of vegetation. Hopefully, this is a technical problem which will be addressed and resolved. It seems the primary issue is to determine how to provide recycled water at a price that is more affordable than fresh water. If so, we would like to pursue the possibility of utilizing it for landscape water on some of our projects in the City of Dublin. Cordially, Ronald C. Nahas RCN.sb OSO M4'ON12.46 436 1 SATES SOULEVARD,SUfM 200 QRINCO,CA(34563 (510)2U-MW (510)2 sit-8860 RAX -DUBLIN SCHOOLS DUBLIN UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Board of Trustees Cynthia Cobb-Adasas (Slo)M7177 January 24 ? 1996 Patricia Kohnen (510)928-3623 Johnledahl Bert Michalczyk, Authority Manager (510)551-5965 DERWA Patricia Meyer 7051 Dublin Boulevard (510)833.8662 Dublin, CA 94568 Jamas W.Paterson (510)829.2079 Re: Notice of Preparation DERWA Recycled Water Project Superintendent Vince Anaclaio,Ed.D. Dear Mr. Michalczyk. District Office After reviewing the Notice of Preparation for the above 7471 LrkdaleAve. referenced project the Dublin Unified School District has Dublin,CA 94568-1598 the following comments: (510)825.2551 FAx t510>829.6532 1. The Dublin Unified School District (District) High 5choois supports the undertakings of DERWA. However, DUBLINHIGH participation in the project is a function of cost. #151 Village 1ag94568-16 2. Of the potential Dublin corridors suggested Dublin,CA 94568-1699 P for (510)833-3313 this project, the Southern Pacific Railroad right VALLEY HIGH of way would be most cost effective for the 6901 York Drive District to access the fields at Dublin High. Dublin,CA 94568-2199 (510)8294322 3. The District would like more information on the projected costs of connection and customer on site Middle schools facilities as they relate to the District's WEIS MIDDLE SMOOL participation in the project. 6800 Pam Drive Dublin,CA 94568-2199 Sincerely, (510)828-6227 Elementary schools DUBLIN UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT MRSO Jflff2796Pm12-,36 FRE7243 T marack ELEMENTARY 7243 Tamarack Drive Dublin,CA 94568-1700 (510)828.1037 MURRAY ELEMENTARY Jeanne Howland 9435 Davou Drive Assistant Superintendent/Business Dublin,CA 94568-1107 (510)828-2568 NIISEN ELEMENTARY cc: Bruce Webb, Steering Committee Member 75M Ammllo Road DUSD Board of Trustees DublK CA 94568-2298 (510)828.2030 -. EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER WE ARE COMMITTED TO THE SUCCESS OF ALL OUR STUDENTS. 437 "FTELPING TO PRESERVE ONE OF NATURE'S MOST PRECIOUS GIFTS" January 24, 1996 , ;� LIE- Mr. Bert Michalczyk Authority Manager DSRSD•EBMUD Recycled Water Authority 7051 Dublin Boulevard Dublin, CA 94568 Dear Mr. Michalczyk: We are in receipt of your letter dated�@y 12, 1996 and have had a conversation with Bruce Webb of your office with respect to the scoping of the E1R. We would like to see,pursuant to CEQA{guidelines, Article 9, Section 15131, that the economic effects of this project be addressed. We are specifically interested in a description and analysis of all the costs that will be recovered and also the price and the quantity of the water available. In addition, a market analysis for the sale of the water should be addressed. Very truly yours, ,y Peter F. Santina President OSRSD JflNMSP41:94 438 1355 Willow Way, Suite 280 Concord, California 94520 510/827-3200 Fax 510/887-1011 J CITYOFLIVERMORE ; Court" sin" .rs4s` February 5, 1996 AdministrationHutiding Mr. Bert Michalczyk, Authority Manager 1052 S.Livermore Avenue DSRSD/EBMUD Recycled Water Authority Livermore,CA 945504999 7051 Dublin Boulevard (610)3735100 Dublin, CA 94568 Fax(510)3735135 Mayor/Council Re: Notice of Preparation for an Environmental Impact (610)3735149 Report (EIR) for the Joint Water Re- cycling Program City Manager Dear Mr. Michalczyk: (510) 3734140 City Atwrney Thank you for the opportunity to comment on your Scope of (510)3735120 Work for the recycling program EIR. Fax(610)3733125 There are two areas of special interest to the City of I City Clerk Livermore: ) (510)373.5130 FinanoeDepartmeat • First, the effect of Tong-term use of recycled (510)37&5150 water could have upon the salinity of sails and ultimately, the vegetation it is able to Fire Department grow on those soils. Recycled water is 4,550 East(0) 334 oe believed to leave behind a salt deposit with Fax(510)3733414 each application which may ultimately reach the point of impacting the type of vegetation Library that would grow in that area. 1000 S.Livermore Avenue (510)3733500 • The second area of concern is the possible Personnel impact this project could have on land use in (510) 3733110 the vicinity of such water service. Fax(610)373-5035 Availability of such service may result in more development which would have impacts on Planning) 372 other support facilities such as sewage, storm (510) 3733200 drainage pand regional/subregional traffic. Police Department 1110 S.Livermore Avenue Again, thank you for inviting me to present my comments. (510)3714900 Please consider me the contact person for the City of Paz(610)371-4950 Livermore. If you have any questions, please call me at - Public worts 373-5270. (510)3735270 Sincerely, JOHN H I N E S OS8SO FE88V96p1q2,89 Director of Public Works CC: City Manager Director of Planning Water Resources Manager 439 :.................... f rOt'1U71t.. nity Contra a Harvey ofE. Bragdrrn Director tsCommunity Development )evelopment Costa my Administration Building County i Pine Street :h Floor, North Wing artinez, California 94553.0095 lone: s: - . (510) 335-1236 "`; " '' DM SO Falrss�ng2:8 February 6, 1996 Mr. Bert Michalczyk DERWA 7051 Dublin Blvd.. Dublin, CA 94561 Dear Bert: Thank you for the opportunity to review the NOP on DERWA's Joint Water Recycling Program. The NOP is generally adequate. One item of particular concern is the visual impact of new water tanks upon prominent hillsides, buried tanks should be considered in this EIR; possibly, as a project alternative. The impacts of pipeline construction on road traffic and safety, needs to be considered in the DEIR. I look forward to reviewing the DEIR. Sincerely yours, � r James W. Cutler Assistant Director of Comprehensive Planning jwc(2)1996Lawkderwa.kr 440 STATE Of CALIFORNIA-8USINES5, TRANSPORTATION AND HOUSING AGENCY PETE WILSON, Govwnor DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BOX 23560 OAKLAND, CA 44623-0660 r r (510) 28&"" i c TDD (510) 286-4454 February 7, 1996 ALA000147 SCH# 96013028 ALA-GEN-0,0 Mr. Bert Michalczyk DER.WA 7051 Dublin Boulevard Dublin, CA 94568 SUBJECT: Dublin San Ramon Services District/East Bay Municipal Utility District Recycled Water Authority (DERWA) RECYCLED WATER PROJECT, Notice of Preparation Dear Mr. Michalczyk: Thank you for including the California State Department of Transportation (Caltrans) in the environmental review process for the above- referenced document. We forward the following comments. The area of this project traverses across and along State Highway Routes 680 and .580. The transmission of the recycled water will be via an underground pipe system. Please be advised, that any work performed within the State right-of-way will require an encroachment permit from Caltrans. A completed application, environmental documentation, and five sets of plans should be submitted to the fallowing address; G. J. Battaglini, District Office Chief Caltrans District 4 Maintenance Services tar Permits P.O. Box 23660 Oakland,Ca 94623-0660 OSRSO FE08 6Pn12--23 _ 441 Michalczyk/ALA000147 February 7, 1996 Page 2 If you have any questions regarding these comments, please feel free to contact Alice Jackson of my staff at(51.0) 286-5587. Sincerely, JOE BROWNE District Director By- .j PMLLIP$ADAL District Branch Chief IGR/CEQA cc: NIi.ke Chiriattl, SCH 442 OFFICE OF WATER RECYCLING State Water Resources Control Board 2014 T Street, P.O. Box 944212 ?- 0AF1C11r0F1N5�7Sacramento, CA 94244-2120 FCCl {gib)227-4579 (916)227-4595 FAX j Mr. Bruce Webb Steering Committee Member Dublin San Ramon Services District - East Bay Municipal Utility District Recycled Water AuthoritySPSO FEB12'36pn82r2H 7051 Dublin Boulevard Dublin, CA 94568 Dear Mr. Webb: NOTICE OF PREPARATION OF EIR FOR DUBLIN SAN RAMON SERVICES DISTRICTIEAST BAY MUNICIPAL UTILITY DISTRICT RECYCLED WATER AUTHORITY (DERWA) JOINT WATER RECYCLING PROGRAM Thank you for the opportunity to review the Notice of Preparation (NOP) for the above referenced water recycling project. The State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB), Division of Clean Water Programs, is responsible for administering low interest rate loan programs for design and construction of wastewater treatment and water reclamation projects. If DERWA decides to seek funding from the SWRCB for the above project, the SWRCB will be a responsible agency under CEQA and will use the final EIR for loan approval. Please send us with a copy of the draft EIR when available. We have enclosed a copy of the SWRCB's Policy for State Revolving Fund (SRF) loans and a copy of the Water Reclamation Loan Program (WRLP) guidelines for your use. The SWRCB's environmental review process guidelines are contained in Appendix "E" of the SRF Policy document. Preparation of an environmental document satisfying CEQA requirements will be adequate for a WRLP loan. SRF loans, however, require additional "NEPA-like" environmental documentation and review because they are partially funded by EPA. In accordance with our operating agreement with EPA, we are required to: 1. Consult directly with agencies responsible for implementing federal environmental laws. For an SRF loan, please submit eight copies of the draft environmental document to initiate federal consultation. 2. Obtain clearance from the State Historic Preservation Officer for compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. For an SRF loan, we need at minimum a report with findings of a cultural resources record search for the project vicinity. For more information on this issue, contact Joe Pope at (916) 227.4481. 443 «i STATE OF CAUFORNIA PETE WILSON. GOYettlpr Mr. Bruce Webb - 2 - 3. 2 -3. Make sure that at least one public hearing is conducted at any stage of the environmental review process. A notices of any such hearing must be distributed at least 30 days in advance with a copy sent to our office. The contemplated public hearing for the draft EIR properly noticed will satisfy this requirement. CEQA dues not require formal public hearings at any stage of the environmental review process. However, WRLP loans have been, and may in the future be used as state match for federal funds. Therefore, even for WRLP loans we must document to EPA that a public hearing had been conducted by the agency during the CEQA review process. For this reason, we request that a properly noticed public hearing be conducted for all projects requesting a WRLP loan. The EIR must describe the project's service area and include discussion of indirect impacts to natural resources such as water, air, and biological resources. Also, secondary impacts associated with growth inducing impacts due to the reclamation project need be evaluated. Biological and cultural resources surveys need to be conducted during the appropriate time of year for undisturbed or sensitive areas impacted by the project. As of January 31, 1994, SRF loan projects located in non-attai trient areas may be required to meet the Federal General Conformity Rule for the Federal Clean Air Act. A conformity determination must be made if emissions from project facilities are above "de minimis" thresholds established for the area. A conformity determination can be made if facilities are sized to meet only the needs of current population projections that are used in the approved State Aix Quality Implementation Plan. The EIR should contain information which addresses this issue. The impact category on "Human Health" is already included on page 8 of the NOP. The draft EIR trust disclose the potential health effect issues associated with the proposed use of reclaimed water and provide appropriate mitigation measures. If you have any questions, please call me at(9161) 227-4579. Sincerely, 1 Nick Kontos, P.E. Office of Water Recycling Enclosure cc: State Clearing Douse 1400 Tenth Street Sacramento, CA 95814 444 R EGIONAL PARKS EAST SAY REGIONAL PARK_ DISTRICT 6�:.Ro or Susan Smarr February 13, 1996 Pres;c7en: Douglas S+der vice-ptes!dent Jean Sm TreaSurer .'er iv Lane Secretar: Jocelyn cjmt�s 7� �, r TeJ R.40ke M�,. Bert Nfichalcyk Ca"O'$?veru Pa>p'gr;er. DERWA General nnanagw 7051 Dublin Blvd. Dublin, CA 94568 Subject: EIR for the Joint Water Recycling Program; Ironhorse Trail Dear Mr. Michalcyk: The East Bay Regional Park District(EBRPD)has reviewed the Notice of Preparation for the subject project. The undersigned is the contact person for this EIR and maybe reached at 635- 0 13 8, 350138, extension 2622. Very truly yours, T.H. Lindenmeyer Environmental Specialist THL/ti C.1W PFMStT0M1MYCHALCY.LTR J�(�b C MRSD 815' 6 tt81� 445 iS 2950 Peralta Oaks Court P.O. Box 5381 Oakland, CA 94605-0381 Tel:(510)635-0135 TDD:(510)633-0460 Fax:(510)569-4375 Centrals Contra Costa Sanitary District ROGERI.D01A)V General Manager February 20, 1996 Chief Engineer liEATO\'L.At.hf Counsel for the district 1310!938-1430 JOfCEE.?RRPHY Mr. Bert MlchalczyK Authority Manager SeentaryoftheDistrict DERWA 7051 Dublin Blvd. Dublin, CA 94568 Dear M alczyk: RESPONSE TO NOTICE OF PREPARATION (NOP) DSRSDIEB MUD RECYCLED WATER AUTHORITY(DERWA) JOINT WATER RECYCLING PROJECT As a public service provider in the project area and a possible source of untreated wastewater for the project, the Central Contra Costa Sanitary District (CCCSD) offers the fallowing comments on the NOP for this project; 1. CCCSD operates gravity and pressurized public sewer mains pipelines in the northern portion of the project area. The EIR should identify and propose mitigation for possible locational conflicts between, the proposed project and existing and planned CCCSD facilities. 2. The EIR should identify and propose mitigation for all of the DERWA and CCCSD facilities that may be needed for CCCSD to transfer untreated wastewater to DERWA. 3. CCCSD may provide sewer service to portions of the Dougherty Valley through a tunnel extending to Alcosta Blvd. The EIR should consider the possibility of providing recycled water to the Dougherty Valley through this same tunnel. Please send a copy of the Draft EIR when it is available. For further information regarding these comments, I can be reached at(51'0)229-7255. Sincerely, : wry Russell B. Lavitt, AICP Planning Assistant RBL.ns 446 :ea ftWr tEDe W.ater Recycling Project E R Scoping Meson Notes A public scoping meeting was held can Wednesday,February 7, 1996,at the San Kaman Valley Fire District Boardroom. Cynthia Jones, Board Member,welcomed the audience. Bert Michalczyk,Authority Manager,introduced the agenda and provided background on DERWA and the water recycling project. Valerie Young,CH2M HILL Project Manager for the EIR,explained the environmental review process,including the role of the public. She also identified the key impact categories that had been identified previously. These included.salinity issues with regard to sails and vegetation;temporary construction impacts such as traffic/circulation,noise,and community disruption;and groundwater quality as affected by underground storage of recycled water. The meeting was then _. opened for questions. DERWA consultants and staff provided answers to questions,or noted where a topic had to be further researched. The questions or issues raised are listed below. They are grouped by major topic, although some questions or issues are concerned with several topics. A list of individuals who signed in at the meeting is attached. I DERWA Operations • What is the time frame for development of the system and delivery of water? • Will the project be developed in stages? What are they? • Who will own the infrastructure to be built and what are the costs involved? • What is the maximum time that the recycled water system would be dawn if it has a pipe break or other problem? + What is the percentage of recycled water relative to the potable water use in the area? • Where would underground storage occur? Customer Use and Public Health • Can the recycled water be used in lakes on golf courses or in parks? • Is there any limitation on how close to residences recycled water can be used? • Salinity in high clay soils can create a drainage problem,and some vegetation is susceptible to damage or loss. Will this be addressed? • Are there any data on the water quality of the DSRSD-supplied wastewater? + In locations near homes,there is a concern about liability from over-spray or mist reaching off-site. • Is the sanitation or health issue dealt with by chlorination? • What is the actual rule regarding application of recycled water where it might be near homes or other uses? What restrictions apply to,say,spraying near drinking fountains? Is there a set-back rule? • Will there be staining of any structures as a result of contact with the water? + Will recycled water irrigation require any special plumbing or spray heads? 447 sJcn0W1,V7.= s-1 WATER RECYCLING PROJECT EIR SCOPING 1EETING NOTES • There is a need for guidelines for pluming new or renovation projects so that work done now does not have to be re-plumbed later. (Blackhawk is going to rework its golf course irrigation system and wants to put in what will work when recycling comes on line.) • Should irrigation systems include recycled and potable elements to account for areas that are sensitive due to habitation or plant types? • For existing facilities,what kind of retrofit will be needed? What backflow prevention provisions will be required if someone wants to have the ability to also use potable water to irrigate? • Did a golf course near Milpitas go out of business because of saline recycled water? Facilities • Will the reservoirs be surface impoundments or tanks? • -Will storage tanks be above ground and visible? • Is all new development going to be dual piped? • Will recycled water be available for emergency fire suppression? Cost • What will be the cost to the customer of an acre-foot of recycled water? • If re-landscaping''is needed as a result of using recycled water,who pays the cost? Construction • Traffic disruption is of concern during construction. Details will be needed on this. • City of San Ramon prefers that the Southern Pacific ROW and Bollinger Canyon Road be used for alignment. Alcosta and Crow Canyon would create trafficproblems. Encroachment permits will be needed for work in road ROW,and hours of construction would be restricted. • San Ramon has a pavement maintenance program and does not like to cut into re- surfaced roads within 3 to 5 years after a repaving project is completed. • A detailed traffic management plan will be required. Other • Who are the target customers for recycled water use? • Does CCCSD have a recycled water project? • Will development pressures result from recycled water being available? What is the relation of the amount of water recycled to the amount of wastewater discharged,and will this reduce need for additional discharge pipes to the Bay? + Is this a program or a project EIR? 448 SJC1100314E7zx S-2 )ERWA SIGNUP SHEET PUBLIC:WOPINMEE,I GNG F ebruary 74"61 .Request Copy of Name Agency or Phone Scoping Nates Address(optional) Yes John Harper City of San Ramon 275-2229 2228 Camino Ramon San Ramon, CA 94583 Peggy Purnell 2472 Via de Los Milagros 846-8630 Pleasanton, CA 94566 Yes Zev Kahn Zone 7 GMAC 828-1981 11708 Harlan Road Dublin, CA 94568 Russell Leavitt Centra Contra Costa.Sanitary 229-7255 i District 5019 Imhoff Place Martinez,CA 94553 Richard Maurer Parsons Engineering Science 769-0100 1301 Marina Village Pkwy # Suite 200 Alameda,CA 94501 Jacquelyn Carter Ray Jorgensen Assoc. (Toyota) 5880'x'. Las Positas, Ste. 51 Pleasanton, CA 94588 Doug Brenton Blackhawk Country Club 599 Blackhawk Dri DERW:A SIGN ISP<SHEE PING 11'IEETING PLLICSCt F ebruax 7;1996 Iles Torn Ford 7262 Tina Place 829-9647 Dublin,CA 94568 John Donahoe Ruggeri-Jensen 934-1388 7701 Owens Drive, Suite 155 Pleasanton, CA 94588 Steve Cusenz. City of Pleasanton 484-8064 Jim Templeton MacKay&Somps 225-0690 5142 Franklin#B Pleasanton, CA 94588 fAuser\conley\wp5 2\webb\signup.tst 4 5)0 _. 1 fir+11 x r of ni MEMORANDUM C +tH11L DER A. Project, Preliminary ASS. Feasibility Study and Impact Analysis, Dublin and Bishop Subbasins TO: Mike Matson/Montgomery-Watson COM: Valerie Young/CH2M HILL/SJC Joe Scalmanini/L&S FROM: Daniel Wendell/CH21\4 HILL/SAC DATE: June 14, 1996 1. Introduction The purpose of this technical memorandum is to document results of CH2M HILL's preliminary feasibility assessment of seasonal Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) of recycled water in the Bishop and Dublin"fringe"groundwater subbasins. ASR refers to the use of dual purpose wells for the injection and extraction of water. As part of the DSRD- EBMUD Recycled Water Authority (DERWA) project, the authority plans to inject about 1,500 acre-feet (AF) of filtered reclaimed water into the basin through an estimated six to eight ASR wells over a six month period, and then extract a similar amount of water from the wells during the subsequent six month period. As part of this study, geologic well log data for representative deep (>200 feet) wells and major ion water quality data on file with Zone 7 were compiled. Water quality data for DSRSD's wastewater effluent was obtained from DSRSD. Hydrogeoingic cross sections developed as part of ongoing DSRSD studies on the hydrogeology of these fringe basins were reviewed. A three-dimensional "conceptual numeric" groundwater flow and transport model of the basin was developed using MODFLOW and MT3D. Eight potential ASR wells sites that have been identified as part of separate DSRSD studies were used duringmodeling.Fallowing is a summary of study results. . Hydrogeol'ogy 2.1 Regional Setting The Livermore Valley groundwater basin is divided into several subbasins based largely upon faults,which locally form impediments to groundwater flow (Figure 1-1). The valley has been divided into numerous subbasins that are typically lumped into two groups: the main basin, and the fringe subbasins. The main basin underlies the majority of the valley, and is divided into three basins: the Amador, Bernal, and Mocho subbasins. Groundwater in the main basin is generally of gond quality,and supports large capacity production wells. The 'fringe basins include the Dublin, Bishop, Camp, Castle, May, Altamont, Spring and Vasco subbasins. The fringe subbasins,tend to provide lower well yields and poorer quality groundwater than the main basin. 452 SAUASAI ELDOC 1 131768.RW.GW DERWA PROJECT,PRELIMINARY RSR F€ASIEIUTY STUDY AND NPACT ANALYSIS,DUBLIN AND BISHOP SU88ASWS r 2.2 Local Hydrogeology The DERWA study area is located within the Bishop and Dublin fringe subbasins, in the northwest portion of the Livermore Valley (Figure 2-1). The subbasins are separated from j each other, and from surrounding subbasins, by faults. Quaternary alluvium within the subbasins is the principal source of groundwater, and may be as much as 800 feet thick. This material is underlain by the Tassajara Formation, which consists of 5,000 feet or more of relatively low permeability.Pliocene sediments. The northernmost portion of the study area overlies the Bishop subbasin, while the southern portion overlies the Dublin subbasin. Although previous work suggested that there is no subsurface flow from the Bishop subbasin into the Dublin subbasin, current Zone 7 water level maps suggest hydraulic continuity between the basins. For the purpose of this analysis, the two basins are assumed to be in good hydraulic connection, and are discussed together below. The two subbasins are bounded to the southwest and northeast by relatively low permeability sediments. A fault defines a portion of the eastern boundary of the Dublin subbasin, where it is in contact with the Camp subbasim The southern boundary of the Dublin subbasin is a fault. The degree to which this fault impedes groundwater flow into the adjacent Bernal Subbasin is uncertain. Hydrogeologic cross sections indicate the presence of numerous sand and gravel zones in the subbasins that are typically 10 to 50 feet thick, although they are not clearly correlable between wells (Figure 2-2). The permeable zones are separated by clayey units that are commonly 20 to 100 feet thick. Wells in the area are commonly 400 to 800 feet deep. Groundwater in the shallow aquifers may be under unconfined conditions, but deeper zones are probably confined. 2.3 Groundwater Flow Zone 7's Spring 1995 water level reap indicates water levels of 420 feet mean sea level (msl) near the northern end of the Bishop Subbasin, to 300 feet msl in the southern portion of the Dublin Subbasin near the boundary with the Bernal Subbasin. Based upon the Spring 1995 map, groundwater in the study area flows in a southerly direction under a hydraulic gradient of about 0.004 (20 feet/mile.) Comparison of Zone 7 water level maps and topographic reaps suggests that water levels in the upper aquifer zones in the study area are at or within about 20 feet of ground surface. Recent test drilling data from ongoing DSRSD studies indicate that depth to water may be as much as 70 feet in wells more than 500 feet deep,decreasing at shallower depths. 2.4 Local Wells Locations of wells in the area that are in Zone 7's Mapinfo database are presented in Figure 2-3. The database includes a field for designation as a supply, cathodic protection, or monitoring well. Supply well locations are presented in Figure 2-4. It is important to note, however, that some wells have no information entered for this field, and therefore it is potentially not inclusive of all supply wells in the area. DWR well logs indicate irrigation as the primary use in the area of the wellfield,with few,if any, current local domestic users of groundwater in the subbasins. Two DWR well logs SACIASR18.= 2 453 DERWA PAWEGT,NELMiNARY ASR fMiButy STUDY AND IMPACT ANALY3lS,DusuN AND smHoP susmiNS from the welifield area were located that listed domestic use as the intended purpose of the well (Figure 2-3). Well 2S/1W-22K was drilled in 1955 and is 170 feet deep. Well 2S/lW- 36E was drilled in 1964 and is 570 feet deep. California Department of Water Resources (DWR) well log data for the area contain sparse information regarding well production characteristics. Reported production rates vary from about 10 to 800 gpm. These are test production rates and may not reflect long-term operational rates. Available log data indicate specific capacities of production of about 5 to 10 gpm/ft.Available data from the literature provide specific capacity of production values for the Dublin subbasin of between 3 to 14 gpm/ft(DWR, 1974). Two recent pumping tests conducted in the Bishop Subbasin by DSRSD provide transmissivity estimates of 3,200 gpd/ft(specific capacity of 3.6 gpm/ft)and 6,600 gpd/ft(specific capacity of 3.4 gpm/ft). 2.5 'dater Quality 2.5.1 Recycled'Water The total dissolved solids(IDS)of the wastewater treatment plant effluent is 678 milligrams per liter (mg/L) with a moderately alkaline pH of 7.7 (Table 2-1). The water is a sodium- bicarbonate water chemistry type with a relatively elevated ammonium concentration (35 mg/L)and may also have additional organic forms of nitrogen(amines)in the total organic carbon fraction. The sodium to calcium ratio is a relatively elevated. Silica is a moderate 20 mg/L.Tran at only 0.19 mg/L is probably organically complexed. 2.5.2 Groundwater Total dissolved solids of groundwater in the two subbasins varies between about 400 mg/L to 11800 mg/L (DWR, 1974). Recent TICS data are summarized in Figure 2-5, and indicate average TDS concentration of about 500 to 650 ppm near the potential well sites. Historic data indicate TDS concentrations in the area of potential ASR wellfield has averaged about 400 to 600 ppm(Figure 2-6). Available data from Zone 7 indicate the presence of about 30 contaminant sites in the subbasin area(Figure 2-7). Most of the sites are related to leaky fuel tanks.Discussions with Zone 7 staff indicate no large-scale groundwater contamination problems in this area. Zone 7 compiles data for the Alameda County area only;therefore, the data set does not extend into the.northern portion of the basin,which is in Contra Costa County. General mineral and physical water quality data for two wells were obtained from Zone-7 and reviewed.2S/1W-15001 and 2S/1W-26CO2(Table 2-1). Groundwater from well 15001 has a moderately high TDS of 926 mg/L and a near neutral pH of 6.9. Groundwater from. well 26CO2 has a much lower TDS of 340 rng/L and a neutral pH of 7. Both groundwaters are calcium bicarbonate types. There are several differences in the other constituents. Chloride is much higher in groundwater from well 15001 than from well 26002.Nitrate is not detected in groundwater from well 15001 but is present in well 26CO2 (26 mg/L as nitrate). Potassium is also higher in groundwater from well 26002 (5 mg/L), compared to well 15001 (1 mg/L). In both cases,the groundwater with the higher TDS would have been assumed to have the higher nitrate and potassium,but this is not the case for these samples. Both groundcvaters appear to be under oxidizing conditions based on the relatively high nitrate in groundwater from well 26002,low iron concentrations in both wells (0.02 mg/L) 454 sACJAs�sla.uts 3 DERWA PmFcT,PREumINARY ASR FEASIBIUJIY STUDY MD OAPACT ANALYSIS,DUBLIN AND BISHOP SUBBASINS { and higher manganese than iron concentrations in both wells (2.64 and 0.07 mg/L, respectively). The higher manganese, particularly in groundwater from well 150701, suggests that there may be some oxidation of iron sulfides or iron carbonates occurring in the aquifer. Manganese precipitates much more slowly than iron and, therefore, remains dissolved in the groundwater for a longer time (farther transport) than iron. However, the total amount of these minerals is probably small because the sulfate and alkalinity are present in relatively law concentration. This means also that the oxidation potential is probably small when the oxidized recharge water is introduced to the aquifer. 2.5.3 Geochemical Compatibility Evaluation A preliminary geochemical evaluation was performed to assess the potential for adverse geochemical reactions to occur between native groundwater and recharge water. Such reactions can lead to plugging of the aquifer unless properly addressed. Key concerns include the potential for calcium carbonate precipitation, iron .precipitation, and clay destabilization. For purposes of this evaluation the in situ groundwater from wells 15001 and 26002 were assumed to be representative of the subbasins. The most probable potential problem is in the dissolved sodium dominance of the recharge water and dissolved calcium dominance of both groundwaters samples. The clays in the aquifer probably have calcium in the exchange position (calcium smectites are most probable). The sodium in the recharge water will probably replace the calcium on the clays which will create two potential problems: destabilize the clays and increase the dissolved calcium The destabilization of the clays results from the different morphology of the sodium clay (ribbon-like strands) compared to the calcium clay (plate-like structure). The sodium clay has a tendency to tear off of the surface of aquifer particles,migrate to the pore throat of the pore and become attached to particles in the pore throat. This can irreversibly decrease the overall permeability of the aquifer depending on the amount and position of clay in the aquifer. The calcium clay has much more of a tendency to coat the particle surface within the pore and, if the groundwater remains calcium-rich, is much more stable than sodium clay. The exchange releases calcium to the groundwater thereby causing a tendency to precipitate calcium carbonate in the pores,which may then migrate to the pore throats but can also fill the pores as a calcareous cement. Bath the recharge water and the insitu groundwater are at equilibrium with respect to calcium bicarbonate so that when the dissolved calcium concentration increases the water becomes supersaturated with respect to calcium and bicarbonate. Calcium carbonate precipitates to reestablish equilibrium conditions. Both groundwaters contain calcium and bicarbonate as the dominant major ions but groundwater from well 15001 has a much higher concentration than 26002. Furthermore, the recharge water has a relatively high bicarbonate concentration. Therefore, the potential for calcium carbonate precipitation is almost certain in both wells but well 26002 will have much less of a potential precipitation problem than 1:50701 (assuming that the amount of clay in the aquifer is the same in both wells). The significance of both the ion exchange and,calcium-carbonate precipitation depends on both the amount of clay and the relative particle size of the aquifer. The lower the amount of clay on the aquifer particles and the larger the particles forming the aquifer,the lower the significance of these potential problems. SACiASRIS.00C 4 45'r, DERWA PRQSECT,PREumNARY ASR FEASl ury sTUDY AND wADT ANALYsfs,DuauN AND BisNDP SUssAsiNs The ammonium concentration in the recharge water will be a considerable nutrient for microbial activity in and near the wellbore unless sufficient disinfectant is added to the recharge water to control microbial populations (about one mg/L or more chlorine equivalent). Ammonium becomes less of a problem with distance from the well because of both increased total pore volume and exchange on clays (ammonium competes with sodium and,to a lesser extent,with calcium). 3. Groundwater Modeling Approach 3.1Modeling Approach 3.1.1 Estimated injection Rues Huisrnan and 01sthoorn (1983) state that the water level rise within-a confined aquifer during injection should not exceed about 22 percent of the depth to the top of the aquifer plus the depth to water. This is designed to maintain the mechanical integrity of the aquifer and prevent "hydrofracturing" of overlying units. Using this relationship, and assuming a depth to top of well screen of 500 feet, and a depth to water of 70 feet for the deep aquifers, results in a maximum allowable water level rise within the aquifer of about 125 feet. This implies that water levels may rise no more than about 55 feet above ground surface during injection. This operational approach would require confined to semiconfined aquifer conditions at depth,and pressurization of the wellhead. The specific capacity of a well describes the amount of water produced per foot of drawdown in the well,and is typically expressed in units of gpsn/ft of drawdown. Specific capacity is used to measure well efficiency, although it is also controlled by aquifer transmissivity. The specific capacity of a well during injection is typically less than that observed during production due to clogging. As a first approximation of long-terra injection rates, the specific capacity of injection can be assumed to be one-half that of production. As discussed above, recent pumping tests provided specific capacity of production estimates of about 3A to 3.6 gpxn/ft. Assuming a specific capacity of production of 3.6 gpm/ft implies a long-term specific capacity of injection of about 1.8 gpm/ft. The above data indicate that for an injection rate of 300 gpm, the water level rise within the well will be about 167 feet(167 ft=300 gpm/1.8 gp /ft).' It is important to note that due to well clogging the water level rise in the well will tend to be much higher than that present in the adjacent portion of the aquifer. As previously stated, the water level in the aquifer should not rise more than about 125 feet. If it is assumed that clogging is restricted to the well screen and gravel pack,then the water level in the adjacent portion of the aquifer may be approximated by the specific capacity of production. Using this assumption, the water level rise in the aquifer during injection at a rate of 300 gprn would be about 83 feet(83 ft 300 gp /36 gprn/ft). This is less that the maximum recommended water level rise during injection of 125 feet. However,it also implies that the wellhead must be sealed,and that the grout seal above the gravel pack is adequate to prevent upward flow of water. For modeling purposes, an injection rate of 235 gpm through 8 wells.was used, resulting in storage of 1,500 AF of water after six months. 456 sAclASRta.pac 5 DERWA PRo3ECT,PFtEELIMINARY As FUS181UTY STUDY AND IMPACT ANALYSIS,DUS IN AND BISHOP SU88ASINS 3.1,2 Flow and Transport Modeling A "conceptual numeric"groundwater flow and transport model of the Dublin, Bishop, and Camp Subbasins was developed using MQDFLOW and MT3D, which are three- i dimensional finite-difference groundwater flow and transport modeling codes. The conceptual nature of the numeric model implies that boundary conditions of the model are relatively reasonable, but that the hydrogeology of the system is simplified into several layers of uniform properties that are distributed in a "layer cake" fashion throughout the area. Model results must therefore be viewed as a first approximation, resulting in '•reconnaissance" level evaluation of potential water level impacts and solute transport of the proposed ASR project. To evaluate potential impacts associated with a range of aquitard conductivities (an important control on the system behavior) a sensitivity analysis was performed using this parameter. Results are discussed below. The model should be refined as the project proceeds. As previously mentioned,the ASR scenario modeled consisted of eight ASR wells with 235 gpm/well. Well locations are shown on Figure 3-1. The injection scenario represents about 2.7 m d, with a total of about 1,500 AF of water placed into storage over the sixx month period. It is assumed that this same volume of water is produced over the immediately subsequent six-month period. The model grid was developed following the outline of the subbasins as presented in DWR Bulletin 118-2(1974). Nodal spacing is 500 feet over much of the area,with 250 feet spacing in the area of the proposed wellfield (Figure 3-2). The model contains four layers (Table 3- 1). Based on available cross section data,the target injection zone was assumed to be about 50 feet thick and located at a depth of 500 feet bgs. The aquifer is assumed to be overlain and underlain by aquitards with average hydraulic properties of the intercalated sand/silt/clay sediments. A shallow unconfined aquifer is assumed to be present to allow assessment of potential impacts to the shallow unsaturated zone. The transissivity of the target aquifer was estimated based upon the recent pumping test data from the Bishop Subbasin. For modeling purposes, an aquifer transn-dssivity of about 4,500 gpd/ft (600 ft2/d) was assumed (Table 3-1). This corresponds to a horizontal hydraulic conductivity (Kh) of 12 ft/day (all vertical conductivity values (Kv) are assumed to be equal to 0.1*Kh). The shallow aquifer is assumed to have identical properties. The model scenario assumes an aquitard Kh of 2.0 ft/d. The specific storage of each layer is assumed to be 2E-6 per foot of thickness. The specific yield of the uppermost aquifer is assumed to be 12 percent. For transport modeling, a dispersivity value of 100 feet and effective porosity of 15 percent were assumed. To assess recovery efficiencies at the ASR well,a dispersivity of 25 feet was assumed. The southernmost boundary of the model is assumed to be a constant head boundary that is separated from the rest of the model by a relatively low conductivity zone (2 ft/day). This low conductivity zone represents a flow barrier between the fringe and main groundwater basins. All other lateral boundaries are assumed to be no-flow. The only recharge to the model is areally distributed rainfall. The model was "calibrated" by running the model in steady state mode, and changing rainfall recharge until modeled water level gradients reasonably reflected Zone 7's Fall 1995 water level contour map (see Figure 3-3 for calibration results). This resulted in estimated rainfall recharge of 2.25 inches/year, which represents about 13 percent of the total average annual rainfall in the area of 18 inches/year. SAWAS;;IB.DOC $ 457 AERWA Ppo=Tt,PREUMMAY ASR FEASIOUN STUDY AND IMPACT ANALYSIS,DusLw ANDBESHOP SU88ASSNS 3.2 Modeling Results 3.2.1 Water Level Response to ASR{operations Results for the eight well option indicate a maximum water level rise of about 105 feet in the aquifer (Layer-3) near the well during injection, with broad areas of 5 to 10 feet rise (see Figures 34 and 3-5)In the shallow water table zone(Layer-1) the model predicts maximum water level rises of about 5 feet(see Figure 3-6). 3.2.2 Sensitivity Analysis As part of a separate ASR.investigation (Clean Water Revival Project,ASR Impact Evaluation, Dublin and Bishop Subbasins,May 28, 1996),a sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the significance of uncertainty regarding aquitard hydraulic conductivity. As part of this analysis, Kh of the aquitard was varied between 0.2 ft/day and 12 ft/day. When aquitard Kh is set to 0.2 ft/day the water level rise in the injection zone increased significantly. The water level rise in Layer-1 was relatively muted. The sensitivity runs highlight the importance of aquitard hydraulic properties to the water level response of the system. If the hydraulic conductivity of the aquitard is appreciably lower than the assumed base case value of Kh = 2 ft/d, then the water level rise in the aquiferdaring injection may exceed the maximum recommend value of 125 feet. 3,2.3 Location and Concentration of Remnant Recharge Water Due, to hydrodynamic dispersion, as injected water moves through an aquifer it tends to mix',with native groundwater, particularly along the leading edge of the injection front. Therefore, even when equal quantities of water are injected and extracted during ASR operations some recharge water will be left in the aquifer. Transport modeling provides an estimate of the distribution and concentration of remnant injected water left behind during ASR' operations. Potential water quality impacts are restricted to the zone where this remnant reclaimed water is present. Given the put-an-take nature of the ASR.program the distribution of injected water is relatively limited. For purposes of this report, "zero" concentration of reclaimed water is assumed to be the 2- percent concentration contour line. Based upon this criteria, transport modeling of the six well alternative indicates that after 10 years of ASR operations, remnant reclaimed water will extend about 1,300-feet away from each well in a direction transverse to the groundwater gradient,and 1500-feet in a dawn gradient direction(see Figure 3-7). As indicated above, not all the recycled water is recaptured during the recovery cycle. Model results indicate about 60 to 90 percent recovery efficiency, averaging about 80 percent (Figure 3-8). This implies that about 20 percent of injected water remains in the aquifer system,basically in exchange for native groundwater. 458 SAVASR18.DDC 7 DERWA PROJECT,PRELIMINARY ASA FEM BILETY STUDY AND IMPACT ANALYSES,DUBLIN AND BISHOP SUBBASINS 4. Discussion of Potential Project impacts and Mitigation 4.1 Water Levels 4.1.1 Potential impacts Model results indicate a maximum water level rise in the aquifer of about 105 feet. This does not exceed the maximum recommended drawup of 125 feet. As previously discussed, recent borings indicate that the depth to water in deep (500 feet) portions of the aquifer are about 70 feet below ground surface, so water levels would be above ground surface at these rates. If aquitard conductivities are significantly lower than those modeled,then it is possible that the maximum recommended limit on drawup will be exceeded. When this value is exceeded, overlying units are vulnerable to "hydrofracturing" due-to over pressurization. This could result in formation of springs,or unintended recharge of overlying aquifers. In the shallow aquifer zones the model predicts maximum water level rises of about 5 feet or less. Available water level maps indicate large areas of the subbasins have depths to water that are less than 20 feet below ground surface. This would suggest little impact to the surficial environment. However, water level control data are sparse. In addition, the shallow water level rise will be affected by aquitard conductivities - - lower conductivities { will result in a smaller water level rise in this zone. Shallow water levels will need to remain at some distance below ground surface to prevent damage to local structures. In addition, discussions with Zone 7 indicate that San Damon creek currently receives about 2.0 cfs of groundwater discharge from the Dublin subbasin, and 2.0 cfs from the Bishop subbasin. This amounts to a total of about 3,000 AFY of groundwater discharge to the local stream. This discharge reflects the current shallow water table conditions.Raising shallow water levels would tend to increase this discharge. 4.1.2 Potential Mitigation All non-project wells in the area surrounding the ASR wellfield should be properly abandoned to prevent artesian flowing conditions. Deep and shallow monitoring wells should be installed around the ASR wells to assess water level buildup in the aquifer. Aquifer testing should be conducted to assess the hydraulic properties of units overlying the injection zone and project facility designs developed accordingly. Mitigation of unacceptable water level rises include decreasing injection rates, and increasing the number of wells. 4.2 Water Quality 4.2.1 Potential Impacts To assess potential adverse impacts to local water quality, the potential for quality degradation (e.g., increased TDS, injection of constituents above MCL's), and movement of injected reclaimed water into domestic water supply wells was assessed. As discussed below, data collected as part of this study suggest few domestic wells are present in potentially impacted areas. SACIASR18.DOC 8 459 DERWA PROJECT,PRELIMtwy Ass FEA auTY STUDY ANo IMPACT ANALYs#s;DuSLN AND&smog SUSBAS#4s The TDS of the reclaimed water to be injected is expected to be about 6801 ppm (Table 4-1). Available data indicate that groundwater in the area of the potential wellfield has typical TDS concentrations between about 5010 to 6501 ppm. This is roughly comparable to reclaimed water TDS. Available water quality data for inorganic compounds for groundwater and reclaimed water are summarized in Table 4-1, and indicate that the source water is below regulatory levels (MCLS) for the specified constituents, but may exceed ambient concentrations of chloride, fluoride, nitrate, sulfate, TDS, and iron. Available data for organic compounds indicates occasional presence of THMs, acetone, and select other organic compounds. Available THM data indicate concentrations generally below 10 ppb (MCL = 1.010 ppb). Acetone is generally non detectable,but laboratory results for one sample (January 1995) of 1101,ppb (no MCL). 07ther reported detectable compounds include toluene (4,6 ppb; MCL 1,00101 ppb), and xylenes (2.4 ppb; MCL = 10,000 ppb). These may be of concern relative to the(State's non-degradation policy. However, given the put-and-take nature of the project the areal extent of impacts will should be minimal. 4.2.2Potential mitigation As the project proceeds,canvassing of local wells will be required to identify domestic wells that may be operating where reclaimed water might be present. The model can be used as guide to the extent of this area,but monitoring wells will be required around the ASR wells to properly assess the actual location of reclaimed water. Domestic well users in an impacted area may need to be supplied with metered water service. It is important to note that potential adverse water quality impacts are restricted to the zone where the reclaimed water is actually present. Given the put-an-take nature of the ASR program this area should be relatively limited. 5. Summary and Recommendations .1 Summary Available data indicate deep zone aquifer transmissivities on the order of 3,000 to 7,0001 gpd/ft in the Bishop Subbasin. These are relatively low values, and represent aquifers that are more prone to particulate clogging than more transmissive aquifers. Therefore, although the reclaimed water will be filtered using conventional methods,it may need to be "polished" using microfiltration or similar methods prior to injection. Recent test hales drilled by DSRSD indicate that more favorable sediments may be present in the Dublin Subbasin. Pumping tests are planned to assess aquifer transmissivity in this area. Water quality data suggest significant potential for adverse geocheical reactions that could lead to well plugging unless properly addressed. Of special concern are particulate clogging, clay destabilization, bicsfouling, and calcium carbonate deposition. These issues need to be addressed as part of facility design. The potential significance of geochemical compatibility is currently being assessed using a geochemical model. As currently formulated, the reclaimed water ASR project could cause unacceptable over- pressurization of the deep injection zone, resulting in susceptibility to "hydrofraeturing" of overlying units. This issue needs to be evaluated further using specially designed pumping sAClASR19.II0C 9 A 6 0 DERWA PADJECT,PRELIMINARY ASR PEASIBILtTY STUDY AND IMPACT ANALYSIS,DUBLIN AND BISHOP SUBBASINS tests. Mitigation would largely consist of constructing additional injection wells with a lower injection rate in each well Water quality impacts appear to be relatively limited. Existing data indicate some organic compounds are present in wastewater treatment plant effluent. The types, concentration, and frequency of occurrence of these compounds should be further assessed. However, it appears that there are few domestic wells that might be potentially impacted by this project. Detailed canvassing of the location and uses of wells near the ASR wellfield will be necessary. 5.2 Recommendations. Current data indicate that the proposed ASR project is being sited in a relatively low transmissivity aquifer. The transxnissivity of the aquifer in the Bishop Subbasins is at the lower end of known ASR projects (see summary data in Table 5-1). Successful and cost- effective implementation of an ASR program in this setting will take special efforts, especially given the potential for well clogging discussed above. Recent data suggest that more favorable sediments may be present in the Dublin Subbasin. A detailed technical and economic feasibility evaluation appears warranted. At a minimum, it is recommended that the following work be performed: • Conduct detailed aquifer tests to better define local aquifer properties, especially in the Dublin Subbasin. Design the tests to assess the vertical hydraulic conductivity and leakance of overlying units. • Based on results of the aquifer tests,revise model parameters (transmissivity and storativity),rerun the model, and reassess project impacts. • Conduct pilot injection testing, using filtered reclaimed water if possible, to better assess potential clogging issues. • Assess potential water treatment needs and options, including: microfiltration, chlorination, and potential treatment needs to address geochernical concerns (carbonate deposition, clay destabilization, etc.). These will need to be factored onto the economic feasibility assessment of the project. • Assess type, concentration, and frequency of organic contaminants in the wastewater effluent. 6. References Driscoll,F.C. 1986.Groundwater and Wells,second edition. DWR, June 1974, Evaluation of Groundwater Resources Livermore and Sunol Valleys, Bulletin No. 118-2. Huisman,L. and Olsthoorn,T.N. 1983.Artificial Groundwater Recharge. SAUASRI B.DOC 10 f _I Table 2-1: Fringe Basin Groundwater Ouality Data Constituent E Units 2SI1W-1501 I 2SIIW-26002 WWTP (middl W}Lt Lij I i iU11 C', 3 ! ( I f t"I � Nt Ntco f cy j 'moi i 4 0 Cj Cj If SIN 12!""11 I i -0:1 CD rlca!to ails CD0 ! I fi cg co m I rirlrlr. lo16 ci i j l i l l j co}}toICcj I I ' uw##' -iaj aj ajl ! EIS i rsl , E E. >,; c�lvl IUfir e�IOI�CJai i �E Ujcd � �i c0>' I C*4 C\I I Cv i 1 fG i �! , U I C y I 0 !CO104 col I I�rl�rf0 col ill i co cn;� tv V Kai 1 CJ II ��Cts 0 v •++ � : I KJ .� �i� � KJ I I KKf 1!1?3 U 1.0 O M is N Z}Y t1)IK 4 ,,,Jif7lrld IFn1ri� 0yI E .. m cf)l IKY7 K,IChfiC3�tP"I Lil KU O, cn ic t eq C4*{et a>i C x cc a. 463 Table 4-1: Water Quality Data Constituent Abry Units I MGL or i Additional I 2SA W-15001 2Sl1 W-26 :02 WwT'P Scndry AWQCB i Aluminum At m /l 1; 0.430 Antimony Sb Arsenic As m /If 0.0501 0.001 Barium Ba 1 mg/I1 0.050 Be "ilium Be m 0.004 0.000 Boron i 0.5001 0.700 0.200 Cadmium ! Cd M2/1 0.0051 0.0601 /1 Chloride 1 CI m 254 142 145.0` 26;0 11 Chromium Cr m /i 0.050 0.005 Cobalt Co m /I 0.05 popper Cu man 1 0.200 0.030 Fluoride F m !I, 0.8- 1.7 1 0.500 0.3103 0.500 Iron Fe m 0.300 0.020 0.020 0.190 Lead Pb mg/I. 0.0500.000 Man nese Mn m /I 0.050 i 2.640 0.070 0.030 Menu H m I; 0.0021 0.000 Nickel Ni m I 0.200; 0.005 Nitrate t NO3 I m /I 451 0.01 26.0 3.0 Selenium Se mg/j. 0.0501 0.000 Silver LN2 m I 0.100; 0:002 Sulfate SO4 m I 2501 58.0! 15.0 195.0 Thallium TI 1 m 4.4a2 Vanadium V m I 0.10 Zinc tin m t 51 2 ; 0.027 i l � Color 15 151 Odor TON 3 3 Spqcific Conductance umhb 1 6001 900 1,640, 560, TICS I TDS m /1, 1,000 ambienUSt�r 9261 340 679 Turbidity._.__.... NTUI 5 ! H 6.51 6.5; A91 7.01 7.7 I � i Total Trihatomethanes TTi m I 1 i Notes: I "Additional R'WQCB"standards.include more stt2entAg standards MCLI.=Ww" 464 o LoL m o Lo a rco T. � coN0 tE N w,p Lt7 ``.N p l I 'V 4N co ,r-k Nit,, co NI doo � 'RcO pi CL j c\f:0 N cV � olo: Mitt? 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I ,� :, :�: , �, ,�,:,�: ,� ,. : " , , - , � - � I :!:�:::, 1 : ,,� I I I , I I 11 � I �I I I 11 I I - I I � 1-1- I : -:" � :::: ��� :,:-I'll 11, I - I - � :�:. : - I "I I 1 , 11 I - , I 11 11 I'll I - ''' ' , - � � � � � I � I I 11 � � � � (9 MONTGOMERY WATSON To: Bert Michalczyk Date: July 18, 1996 From: LyndeI Melton Rev. 8/20/96 Subject: DERWA Salt Loadings Reference: 4580.0010 The two main concerns regarding salt loadings from the San Ramon Valley Recycled Water Program are the total salt added to the main Livermore-Amador 'galley groundwater basin, which is used by Zane 7 as a potable water source, and the increased total dissolved solids(TDS) in the surface streams that drain from the Study Area. This memorandum describes the approach and analysis used to determine these salt load impacts. The complete analysis is presented for the largest Project Option 1, with a summary table that presents the results for the other smaller Project options 2, 3,and 4. INTRODUCTION Salt management within the main groundwater basin, which is a major supply source for Zone 7, is an important issue than could have impacts on facilities and/or required mitigation measures for the proposed DERWA Project. Salt loadings from application of the recycled water could impact the main groundwater basin through shallow aquifer discharge into the streams that drain south from the areas of proposed recycled water irrigation and subsequent infiltration of this higher TDS water into the main groundwater basin. The streams that drain south from the Study Area include Tassajara Creep, Alamo Creek, and South San Ramon Greek, and their tributaries. These streams are all tributaries of Alameda Creek, which eventually drains to San Francisco Bay and is a source of recharge water for Alameda County Water District(ACWD). Another potential source for increased salt loadings is the proposed aquifer storage and recovery (ASR.) component in the Bishop and Dublin fringe groundwater subbasins. Impacts from the ASR system have been analyzed and documented in a separate memorandum. That analysis indicates there will be no impact to the main basin from long-terra ASR operations in the Bishop and Dublin fringe subbasins. SALT LOADING TO THE MAIN GROUNDWATER BASIN The following describes the salt loading associated with shallow groundwater discharge into the surface streams, and subsequent infiltration of the higher TDS water into the Livermore-Atnador Valley main groundwater basin. The higher TDS levels in seepage to creeks are a result of using recycled water in lieu of potable water for irrigation during the summer irrigation season. The South San Ramon Creek and Alamo Creek drainages are addressed separately from the Tassajara Creek drainage because the Tassajara Creek hydrologic conditions differ significantly from the other two. The combined impacts on the main groundwater basin are then described for the three drainages. Rev 5 _. 483 I i Bert Mchalczyk, Authority Manager August 20, 1996 DERWA Salt Loadings South San Ramon and Alamo Creeks South San Ramon Creek, which drains the southern San Ramon and Dublin areas, discharges into the Alamo Canal, then to Arroyo de la Laguna, which then flows into Alameda Creek through Niles Canyon. Alamo Creek, which drains the area generally known as the Dougherty Valley, flows into South San Ramon Creek above the confluence of South San Ramon Creek and the Alamo Canal. The estimate of increased salt loading to South San Ramon Creek and Alamo Creek is based on the incremental mass balance salt loading caused by applying recycled water, at an average total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration of 603 mg/l, in lieu of potable water on landscaping of - proposed recycled water customers within the drainage areas of these two creeks. The principal assumptions for salt loading are that 80 percent of the applied water is taken up through evapotranspiration, with the remaining 20 percent of the applied water flowing into the upper groundwater aquifer and that all of the applied salts remains with the 20 percent of flow into the groundwater aquifer, causing a 5 times concentrating affect on TDS through the plant root zone. Infiltrated water containing the salts then blends with the ambient groundwater, resulting in a dilution of the TDS levels. The 20 percent leaching rate is considered conservative for the irrigation practices used in the area and will result in higher TDS concentration estimates than will likely develop. Also, winter precipitation will leach salts through the root zone and into the groundwater, further diluting the TDS concentration of the leached irrigation water over the long-term. It is assumed a 20 inch/yr average rainfall occurs over the Study Area, with a 75 percent infiltration rate into the groundwater. The baseline condition used to determine impacts from DERWA operations is assumed to be at buildout within the Study Area using only potable water for irrigation. Salt load impacts result from the displacement of a portion of the potable irrigation supplies with recycled water. The South San Ramon Creek and Alamo Creek drainages are closed systems. For the South San Ramon Creek drainage, there will be no net long-term increase in stored groundwater because it is assumed that applied irrigation will remain stable in this largely developed area(irrigation will not increase). For the Alamo Creek drainage, where there is groundwater, there will be an increase in groundwater levels because the area is currently undeveloped in the Dougherty Valley, but use of recycled water will not change the long-term groundwater levels that will result from development. Similarly, groundwater flow into the two creeks will not increase due to the use of recycled water at buildout conditions in the Study Area. A portion of each of these drainages is presently served potable water by EBMUD, and a portion is either presently or will be served by DSRSD with a water supply similar to the existing Zone 7 supply. The following are the estimated potable and recycled water irrigation demands at buildout within each drainage by water utility service area. Potable Water Project Option 1 Irrigation Demand Net Recycled Water Demands Drainage EBMUD D R D EBMUD D R D South San Ramon Creek 3,310 AFY 2,130 AFY 1,970 AFY 400 AFY Alamo Creek 1,430 AFY 4,450 AFY 770 AFY 1,270 AFY Average potable water TDS concentrations are approximately 70 mg/l for the EBMUD supply and 350 mg/l for the DSRSD/Zone 7 supply. The increased salt loading associated with Rev. S 2 4 .......... .............................................................................................._ Bert Michalczyk, Authority Manager August 20, 1996 DBRWA Salt Loadings application of recycled water for landscape irrigation within the South San Raman Creek drainage is determined by multiplying the net recycled water demand by the incremental increase in TDS from potable water to recycled water. For South San Damon Creek, the increased salt load is as follows: East Bay MUD Nater Service Area Salt Load = 1,970 AFY x (0.000897 mgd/AFY) x (8.34 lb-1/106 gal-mg) x (603 mg/1 -70 mg/1) x 365 days/yr/2000 lb/ton 1,434 tons/yr DSRSD Water(Zane 7)Service Area Salt Load = 400 AFY x (0.000897 mgd/AFY) x (8.34 lb-1/106 gal-mg) x (680 mgA - 270 mg/1) x 365 days/yr/2000 lb/ton 138 tons/yr. Total Loading in South San Ramon Creek Salt Load = 1,434+ 138 1,572 tons/yr. The increased salt loading associated with application of recycled water for landscape irrigation within the Alamo Creek drainage is: East Bay MUD Water Service Area Salt Load = 770 AFY x (0.000897 mgd/AFY) x (8.34 lb-1/106 gal-mg) x (603 mg/l - 70 mg/1)x 365 days/yr/2000 lb/ton 560 tons/yr. DSRSD'Water(Zone 7)Service Area Salt Load = 1,270 AFY x (0.000897 mgd/AFY) x (8.34 lb-1/106 gal-mg) x (603 mg/l 350 mg/l) x 365 days/yr/2000 lb/ton 439 tons/yr. Total.Loading in Alamo Creek Salt Load = 560+439 999 tons/yr. Once the salt enters the creek, it either percolates into the groundwater, where the creek overlies permeable sediments, or travels downstream in the creek. Data from Zone 7 indicates that South San Ramon Creek and Alamo Creek are gaining streams (groundwater seeps into the streams) to the Alamo Canal. The Alamo Canal conveys water from South San Raman Creek and Alamo Creek south along Interstate 680 to the west of the main groundwater basin. The canal is underlain by impervious clay layers, effectively isolating the main groundwater basin from the creek. Since no percolation can occur, the salt from the South San Dannon Creek andAlamo Creek drainages continues south to Arroyo de la Laguna and on to Alameda Creek. 'Therefore, no salt is added to the main groundwater basin from the South San Raman and Alamo Creek drainages. Rev. 5 3 485 Bert Michalczyk, Authority Manager August 20, 1996 1 DERWA Salt Loadings Tassajara Creek Tassajara Creek drains the area generally known as the Tassajara Valley and the eastern portion of Blackhawk. Tassajara Creek flows into Arroyo Mocho, which then flows to the Alamo Canal and on into Arroyo de la Laguna. Recent monitoring data from Zone 7 indicate that a portion of Tassajara Creek, located immediately north of Interstate 580 (and within the Camp fringe sub- basin), is a"losing" stream, with flows from the creek infiltrating into the groundwater basin at a j maximum rate of approximately 1.35 cfs (977 AFY). In the area downstream (south) of Interstate 580 (over the main groundwater basin), Tassajara Creek and Arroyo Mocho are gaining streams, with flow from the groundwater aquifer discharging into the creek. According to the Zone 7 data, approximately 50 percent of the infiltration flow leaving Tassajara Creek will eventually end up in the main groundwater basin, with the other 50 percent of infiltration flow returning to either Tassajara Creek or Arroyo Mocho. The estimate of increased salt loading to the main groundwater basin is based on the incremental salt loading caused by applying recycled water in lieu of potable water supplies to the proposed development in the Tassajara Creek drainage area. As with the South San Ramon and Alamo Creeks, it is assumed that 80 percent of the applied irrigation water is taken up through evapotranspiration, with the remaining 20 percent of the applied water percolating through the root zone and into the groundwater aquifer. All of the applied salts remain with the 20 percent of flow into the groundwater system, resulting in a 5 times concentrating affect on TDS through the plant root zone. This is a conservative assumption for the irrigation practices in the area. The Tassajara Creek drainage is a closed system, and at buildout conditions, it is assumed that there is no net increase in stored groundwater and a constant groundwater flow into Tassajara Creek. Also, winter precipitation will leach salts through the root zone and into the groundwater. It is assumed a 20 inch/yr average rainfall occurs over the Study Area, with a 75 percent infiltration rate into the groundwater. The net estimated application of irrigation water in the Tassajara Creek drainage associated with the proposed developments is approximately 8,910 AFY. Approximately 3,000 AFY of the total irrigation demand will be met using recycled water. Using the 20 percent leaching factor for flow to the groundwater system described above, and assuming the irrigation application occurs over approximately 7 months of the year, the resulting summer flow in Tassajara Creek would be approximately: Flow to Creek = 0.20 x 8,910 AFY x (0.00138 cfs/AFY) x 12/7 = 4.21 cfs. This estimated flow in Tassajara Creek is greater than the 1.35 cfs estimated infiltration rate from Tassajara Creek into the groundwater system north of Interstate 580, which suggests that Tassajara Creek will have an estimated 2.86 cfs flow immediately north of Interstate 580 after 1.35 cfs has infiltrated below ground into the groundwater system. The flow in Arroyo Macho will increase to 3.54 cfs as half of the infiltration flow returns to the creek. The incremental change in salt loading from application of recycled water can be calculated based on the differential in applied salt concentration in the 3,000 AFY recycled water demand. The difference in TDS between the potable and recycled water supplies is assumed to be approximately 253 mg/l (603 mg/l at the DSRSD WWTP, less 350 mg/l average TDS in the Zone 7 potable water supply). The increased salt loading associated with development within the Tassajara Creek drainage and use of only potable water for landscape irrigation is: Rev. 5 4 486 Inert M chalczyk, Authority Manager August 20, 1996 DERWA Salt Loadings Salt Load = 8,910 AFY x (0.000897mgd/AFY) x (8.34 lb-1/106 gal-mg) x (350 mg/1) x 365 days/yr/2000 lb/ton 4,258 tons/yr. Long-term, all of this salt enters Tassajara Creek through the increased groundwater discharge to the creek. The estimated flow into Tassajara Creek, assuming irrigation occurs 7 months out of a year, is 4.21 cfs (based on 8,914 AFY applied irrigation water with 20 percent into the groundwater aquifer over 7 months). When irrigation of common areas is converted from potable to recycled water, the increased salt load is estimated to be: Increased Salt = 3,000 AFY x (0.000897 mgd/AFY) x (8.34 lb-1/106 gal-mg) x (253 mg/1) x 365 days/yr/2000 lb/ton 1,036 tons/yr. As previously stated, it is estimated that approximately 50 percent of the infiltrating creek flow and accompanying salt load will enter the main groundwater basin during the 7 months that landscape irrigation is occurring. This amounts to approximately 489 AFY (1.35 cfs x€3.5 x 724 AFY/cfs). Therefore,the estimated increased salt loading to the main groundwater basin is: Increased Salt = 489 AFY x (0.000897 mgd/AFY) x (8.34 lb-1/108 gal-mg) x (410 mg/l) x 365 days/yr/2000 lb/ton 274 tons/year. The remaining 762 tons/yr returns to Tassajara Creek and Arroyo Nlocho, and eventually flows to Alameda Creek. Table 1 summarizes the above analysis for Project Options 1 through 4. INCREASED TDS IN STUDY AREA CREEDS Increased TDS levels in the main surface drainages draining from the Study Area are a result of the applied salts from the irrigation water that pass through the plant'rota zone, enter the groundwater table, and seep into the creeks. The approach for estimating TDS levels is based on summing the total annual salt load from potable and recycled water irrigation and dividing by the sum of the existing stream flow and the incremental increase in flow due to irrigation of future development areas. Impacts associated with DERWA operations are based on comparing the baseline condition of irrigating buildout development using potable water against the buildout condition using potable and recycled water for irrigation. The incremental salt load increase is based on the salt load calculations presented previously. The existing salt loads are based on an existing average TDS'level of 500 for the drainages from the Study Area, which is based on Zone 7 data and is conservative for this analysis, and an average TDS of 454 mg/1 for average year rainfall conditions and 443 mg/l for dry year rainfall conditions for Alameda Creek at Niles, which is from data provided by ACWD. The increase in irrigation infiltration is based on a 20 percent leaching factor for those areas receiving irrigation water and the precipitation infiltration, based on a 20 inch/yr annual rainfall, represents a 75 percent infiltration rate for rainfall for those areas receiving irrigation water. These two infiltration amounts are restricted to the areas receiving recycled 'waster because all this infiltration is needed to leach salts from the plant root zone. Current creek flow estimates are based on limited flaw data. South San Ramon Creek and Alamo Creek are assumed to flow at an average of 4 cfs during the summer and 8 cfs during the winter. Tassajara Creek is assumed to flow at an average of 8 cfs during winter months. Table 2 presents the results of the analysis for Project Options 1 through 4. 487 Rev. 5 5 Bert Michalczyk, Authority Manager August 20, 1996 DERWA Salt Loadings INCREASED TDS IN ALAMEDA CREEK The analysis for determining TDS levels in Alameda Creek, which receives the seepage from the Study Area, is similar to that used for the local Study Area creeks. TDS and flow data from Alameda Creek at Niles have been provided by ACWD. Because flows in Alameda Creek vary significantly from year to year, depending on rainfall, the TDS analysis considers dry year and average year rainfall creek. flows. Salt leaching from the Study Area will decrease during dry year rainfall periods because there is inadequate infiltration to fully leach all the accumulated salts. Table 3 summarizes the analysis for Project Options I through 4 for average year and dry year rainfall conditions. INCREASED TDS IN ACWD RECHARGE WATER In order to determine the impact ACWD's recharge operations on Alameda Creek, the salt loading analysis must consider monthly variations in TDS and flow. The recharge flows from Alameda Creek, based on ACWD data, occur year round, with a larger percentage of flow diverted to recharge when TDS impacts from DERWA operations are lower. The result, as indicated in Table 4, is that TDS impacts on ACWD recharge operations are lower than the average TDS impacts to Alameda Creek. SUMMARY DERWA operations will impact salt loadings to the Livermore-Amador Valley main groundwater basin and the creeks draining from the Study Area. These impacts will vary with the amount of recycled water applied to the Study Area.. Main Groundwater Basin Increased salt loading to the main groundwater basin occurs only if the Tassajara Valley and Eastern Dublin areas of the proposed DERWA project receive recycled water. If recycled water is delivered to the entire developable portion of the Tassajara Creek drainage area under Project Option 1, then the increased salt loading to the main groundwater basin is estimated to be approximately 274 tons per year. For the smallest Project Option 4, there would be zero increase in salt load to the main groundwater basin. Alameda Creek DERWA operations will impact salt loadings to Alameda Creek under all Project options. The TDS concentration levels in Alameda Creek will increase from 454 mg/l (average year rainfall condition) and 443 mg/l (dry year rainfall condition) to approximately 514 mg/l and 592 mg/l, respectively under the baseline condition that buildout irrigation uses only potable water. Replacing some of the potable water with recycled water increases the creek TDS to approximately 556 mg/l and 692 mg/l, respectively, under the largest DERWA Project Option 1, an increase of 8.0 percent and 16.6 percent, respectively, over the baseline condition. Under the smallest DERWA Project Option 4, the increase over baseline conditions is 4.9 percent for average year rainfall conditions and 10.0 percent for dry year conditions. The salt impacts to ACWD recharge operations are slightly lower than those to Alameda Creek due to the recharge diversion patters used by ACWD. This increase is further reduced because ACWD uses only about 32 percent groundwater in its potable supply system. The other sources of supply are Hetch Hetchy water and South Bay Aqueduct water. Rev. 5 6 488 Bert V1'ichalczyk, Authority Manager August 20, 1996 DERWA Salt Loadings TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF INCREASED SALT LOADINGS PROJECT OPTIONS 1, Z,3,AND 4 Project Project Project Project Option Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 4 South San Ramon Creek Drainage Net Recycled Water Demand EBMUD Supply Area(AFY) 1,970 1,970 1,970 1,970 DSRSD Supply Area(AFY) 400 400 400 400 Potable irrigation Demand(AFY) 5,440 5,440 5,440 5,440 Increased Salt Load(tons/year) 1„572 1,572 1,572 1,572 Alamo Creek Drainage Net Recycled Water Demand EBMUD Supply Area(AFY) 770 770 770 770 DSRSD Supply Area(AFY) 1,270 1,270 100 100 Potable Irrigation Demand(AFY) 5,880 5,880 7,050 7,050 Increased Salt Load(tons/year) 999 999 593 593 Tassajara Creek Drainage Net Recycled Water Demand EBMUD Supply Area(AFY) 0 0 0 0 DSRSD Supply Area(AFY) 3,000 1,980 1,710 0 Potable Irrigation Demand(AFY) 5,910 6,930 7,200 8,910 Flow Infiltration to Main Basin(AFY) 489 489 489 489 Flow Out Arroyo Mocho(AFY) 1,293 382 382 382 Increased Salt Load to Main Basin 274 274 274 0 (tonslyear) Increased Salt Load to Arroyo de la 762 407 315 0 Laguna(tons/yr) Total Salt Load Increase to Main Basin 274 274 274 0 (tons/yr) Total Salt Load Increase to Alameda 3,310 2,978 2,480 2,165 Creek (tons/jr)-__ Rev. 5 7 Y 0 -« a s w i t ° ° = m � 4 v Oma 01�1r, J#jt j G C CSS } y R✓ C m ?a Ix Ch CT N C.\4T N C7+Ch N Ch Ch N � 40 Ct.1 NCD CQN bt £. �G1 00 F•Gp C4(4 N -It (N qy p N Nr„i NhIM MM lV CV t�'i A C y Net N N e t h N C N N e t* 040 18 OC CO W i>C CD V" DD CO b r � 8 co epi 1 W � � 4 �' Ch b h Ch�W`F Ch V7 F Q+Va F cy O w O O L S bC Cf N w'J',M Ch Ch N N Ca N N CC CD N CD LD N tiD t"^Ou7 fl'!'DC F CCS to yNM f`INM NNM NhlM » rIV 0. f/i Od y C I (¢ to d ?" 10�CND `MC' oNO `NG m CMD ADO CNq k 00 1 v� V] ai s.° r� rri��' `" es G� r r3 •a � r YJ .. !� � NrndF orr,dr �rndE- �rn+t E- j � U U U U 490 oD '- i b8 r- b w ca C L LQ r'Ir,t oa`+ oocc t � � m I � IZ � y � f � Irr '�'. 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Tank Site 16,24 Access Rd. Crow Canyon Rd. Customer 20,24 Access Rd. Parkhaven Dr. Tank Site 8,10,12 Access Rd. Eagle Ridge Ln. Tank Site 10 Amador Placa Rd. Amador Valley Blvd. Dublin Blvd. 6 Amador Valley Blvd_ San Ramon Rd. Cronin Cir. 6 Amador Valley Blvd. Village Pkwy. Brighton Dr. 6 Amador Valley Blvd. SPRR Rigid-of-way Dougherty Fid. 10 .Amar llo Rd. Silvergate Dr. Hansen Dr. 6 Ann Arbor Wy. Amador Valley Blvd. Lancaster Rd. 6 Barrett Cir. Harlan Dr. St.Vincent Ct 6 Bell Terr.Dr. Maison Dr. Mistral Ct 6 Birchbark Wy. Redwood Dr. Customer 6 Bishop Dr. Executive Pkwy. Norris Cyn.Rd. 6,8 Blackhawk Club Dr. Blackhawk Dr. Deer Meadow Dr. 6,8 Blackhawk Dr. Blackhawk Rd. Beer Field Wy. 8,10,12 Blackhawk Piaza Cir. Blackhawk Rd. Customer 10,14 Bollinger Canyon Rd. Crow Canyon Rd. Customer 6 Bollinger Cyn.Ln. Canyon Lake Dr. Customer 6 Bollinger Cyn.Rd. Marsh Dr. San Ramon Valley Blvd. 6 Bollinger Cyn.Wy. Canyon Lake Dr. Customer 6 Brandwood Dr. San Ramon Valley Blvd. Sombrero Cir. 6 Brighton Dr. Village Pkwy. Brighton Pl. 6 Broadmoor Dr. Pine Valley Blvd. Customer 6 Broadmoor Dr. Montevideo Dr. Ascot Dr. 6 Brookside Dr.(north) El Capitan Dr. Customer 6 Brookside Dr.(south El Capitan Dr. Mikado Pl. 6 Buckingham Dr. Camino Tassajara Mansfield Dr. 6110 Burris Of. Ascot Dr. Customer 6 Cabana Ct. Oneida Cir. Customer 6 Calle Verde Rd. Silvergate Dr. Mape Park 8 Cambrian Wy. St George Rd. Customer 6 Camino Raman Fostoria Wy. Bishop Dr. 618 Camino Ramon Fostoria Wy. Sycamore Valley Rd. 8 Camp Parks Dougherty fid. Customer 6 Canyon Crest Dr. Lakeview Cir./Lakemont Dr. Customer ??? Canyon Hills PL Canyon Hills ltd. Customer 6 Canyon Hills Rd. Alcosta Blvd. Carryon Hills Pl. 6 Canyon Lake Dr. Bollinger Cyn.Rd. Canyon Lakes Wy. 24 Canyon Lakes Pl. Canyon Lakes Wy. Customer 6 Canyon Lakes Wy. Canyon Lake Dr. Canyon Lakes Pl. 6 Canyon View Cir. Bollinger Cyn Rd, Customer 6 SJC/13176&EIRtFAM2-5.DOC 1 4,94 Table 2-5 Distribution Line Locations Pipe Sizes Street From To (Option 1) Canyon Village Cir. Twin Creeks Dr. Customer 6 Canyon Woods Pl. Alcosta Blvd. Customer(north) 6 Canyon Woods Wy. Canyon Woods Pl. Customer 6 Cedar Lane Ct. Shady Creek Pl. Customer 6 j Civic Plaza Dublin Blvd. City hall 6 Clark Ave. Dublin Blvd. Village Pkwy. 6 Cloverbrook Dr. Parkhaven Dr. Dunhill Dr. 6.10 Como Wy. El Capitan Dr. Tank Site 10 Compton Cir. Twin Creeks Dr. Customer 6 Connection Dougherty Rd./Crow Cyn.Rd. Goldenrod Ln. 6 Connection Canyon Lakes Pl. Lakemont Dr. 24 Contada Cir. Old Farm Rd. Customer 6 Coral Wy. Topaz Circle(north) Topaz Circle(south) 6 Cornwall Pl. Sutton Cir. Customer 6 Cottenwood Cir. Wildwood Rd. Customer ! 6 Country Club Pl, Blackhawk Dr. Customer 6 Creek Side Ave. Camino Tassajara Customer 6 Cronin Cir. AmadDr Valley Blvd. Customer 6 Cross Creek Cir. Amador Valley Blvd. Customer 6 Crossridge Rd. Willow Creek Dr. Oxford Cir. 6 Crow Canyon Ct. Old Crow Canyon Rd. Customer 6 Crow Canyon Pl. Fostoria Pkwy. Customer 6 Crow Canyon Rd. Ramon Camino Crow Cyn.Rd. 6 Crow Canyon Rd. San Ramon Valley Blvd. Bollinger Canyon Rd. 8 Daisy Field Lir. Sunshine Cir. Bridgeside Cir. 6 Davona Dr. Village Pkwy. Bonniewood Ln. 6 Davona Dr. Montevideo Dr. Customer 6 Deer Crest Dr. Deer Field Wy. Customer 6 Deer Field Wy. Blackhawk Dr. Deer Crest Dr. 6 Deer Meadow Dr. Blackhawk Club Dr. Pepperwood Dr. 6,8 Deer Meadow Ln. Deer Meadow Dr. Customer 8 Deerwood Dr. Crow Canyon Rd. San Ramon Valley Blvd. 6 Diablo Rd. Camino Tassajara 8 Cerro Blvd./Diablo Rd. 12,14 Doral Dr. St.George Rd. Silver Lake Dr. 6 Dougherty Rd. Crow Cyn.Rd. Customer&Willow Cir. 6 Dublin Meadows Amador Valley Blvd. Stagecoach Dr. 6 Dumbarton Cir. Broadmoor Dr. SPRR Right-of-Way 6 Dunhill Dr. Cloverbrook Dr. Customer 6.10 Eagle Nest Ln. Eagle Nest Pl. Customer 6 Eagle Nest Pl. Blackhawk Dr. Customer 10 Eagle Ridge Dr. Eagle Nest Pl. Customer 10 Eagle Valley Wy. S.Eagle Nest Dr. Customer 6 Echo PL Lakemont Dr. Customer 8 SJCM 3176&EIRh'ABLV-5.DW 2 495 ........................... . ................................................... .... ........ .. ...... ............................................ ........ ......_ _ __ Table 2-5 Distribution Line Locations Pipe Sizes Street From To (Option 1) Edinburgh Dr. Stirling Dr. Mac Pherson Pl. 6 English Oak Ct. Massy Oak Dr. Customer 6 Executive Pkwy. Camino Ramon Customer 6,8 Fall Creek Rd. Willow Creek Dr. Dougherty Rd. 6 Fallen Leaf Cir. Snood Lp. SPRR Right-of-Way 8 Fire Crest Ln. Alcosta Blvd. Customer 6 Fontane Dr. Old Blackhawk Rd. Siena PL 6 Forest Hill Pl. Ridgeland Cir. Customer 6 Fostoria Cir. Fostoria Pkwy. Customer 6 Fostoria Wy. Camino Ramon Customer and Fostoria Cir. 6 Fountain Springs Cir. Ridgeland Dr. Customer 6,8 Fountainhead Dr. Bollinger Canyon Rd. Customer 6 Foxboro Cir. Montevideo Dr. Customer 6 Gate Wy. Alcosta Blvd. Customer 6 Glasgow Cir. Glasgow Dr. Stirling Dr./Stuart Pl./Customer 6 Glasgow Dr. Camino Tassajara Glasgow Cir. 6 Glen Eagle Ct. Doral Dr. Customer 6 Glen Valley Cir. Camino Ramon Customer 6 Gold Creek Ct Parkhaven Dr. Customer 6,12 Goldenrod UL Dougherty Rd./Crow Cyn.Rd. Reedland Cir. 6 Greenbrook Dr. San Ramon Valley Blvd. El Capitan Dr. 8,12,14 Greenlawn Dr. Greenbrook Dr. Lawnviecv Cir. 6 Greenwich Dr. Alcosta Blvd. Nantucket Dr. 6 Guaymas Ct. Marsh Dr. Customer 6 Harlan Dr. Greenbrook Dr. Barrett Cir.&Customer 6 Harness Dr. San Ramon Valley Blvd. Customer 6 Heartland St. wood Ranch Cir. Customer 6 Heritage Pk.Dr. Sentri Ln. Customer&Reedland Cir. 6 Hidden Oak Dr. Camino Tassajara Mossy Oak Dr. 6 Hoilbrook Dr. Camino Tassajara Customer 6 Jacaranda Dr. Deer Meadow Dr. Customer 6 Jade Cir. Dougherty Rd. E.Dougherty Park 6 Jewel Ter. San Ramon Valley Blvd. Customer 6 Laconia Majorca Dr. Teracino Dr. 6 Lake Dr., Stagecoach Rd. Stagecoach Rd. 6 Lakefield Ct. Parkhaven Dr. Customer 6,12 Lakemont Dr. Canyon Crest Dr. Customer 20,24 Lakeridge Ln. Lakemont Dr. Customer 8 Lakeside Ct Silver Lake Dr. Customer 6 Lakeview Cir. Lakeviewr Cir. Customer 6 Lawnview Cir. Greenlawn Dr. Customer 6 Lilac Dr. Sunshine Cir. Rainbow Cir. 6 Liquidamber PL Blackhawk Dr. Customer 6 SJV13176&SfRtrA&i2-5.= 3 496 Table 2-5 Distribution line Locations Pipe Sizes Street From To (Option 1) Live Oak Ct Live Oak Dr. Customer 6 Live Oak Dr. Deer Meadow Dr. Live Oak Ln./Live Oak Ct. 6 Live Oak Ln. Live Oak Dr. Customer 6 Liverpool St. Camino Tassajara Sutton Cir, 6 Mac Pherson Pl. Edinburgh Dr. Customer 6 Morison Dr. Old BLwJdtawk Rd. Belle Terr.Dr. 6 Majorca Dr. Canyon View Cir. Customer&Laconia 6 Market Pl. Alcosta Blvd. Springfield Dr. 6 Marsh Dr. Morris Cyn.Rd. Bollinger Cyn,Rd. 6,8 i Mavrick Ct Redland Cir. Customer 6 Mesa Vista Dr. Marsh Dr. Customer 8 Mikado Pl. Brookside Dr. Customer 6 Mistral Ct. Belle Terr.Dr. Customer 6 Montevideo Dr. SPRR Right-o#-Way San Ramon Valley Blvd. 6 Morgan Dr. Bollinger Cyn.Rd. Customers 6 Morninghome Blvd./Old Farm Sycamore Valley Rd. Contada Cir. 6 Rd. Mominghome Rd. Sycamore Valley Rd. Customer 8 Mossy Oak Dr. Hidden Oak Dr. English Oak Ct 6 Mountain Valley Pi, Maison Dr. Wood Valley Pl. 6 Myrtle Beach Silver Lake Dr. Crow Canyon Rd. 16,20 Nantucket Dr. Greenwich Dr. Customer 6 Norris Cyn,Rd. Alcosta Blvd.to SPRR Right-of-Way Bishop Dr. 8110 Norris Cyn.Pl, Norris Cyn.Terr. customer 8,10 Norris Cyn.Rd. San Ramon Valley Blvd. Marsh Dr. 8 Norris Cyn.Terr. Alcosta Blvd. Customer and Norris Cyn.Pl. 81 f0 Nottingham Dr. Buckingham Dr. Customer 6,10 Oakmont Ct St George Rd. Customer 6 Old Blackhawk Rd. Camino Tassajara Maison Dr. 6 Old Crow Carryon Rd. Crow Canyon Rd. Crow canyon Ct. 6 Old Orchard Dr. Sycamore Valley Rd. Camino Tassajara 6 Old Ranch Rd. Alcosta Blvd. Dougherty Rd. 6,12,16,24 Oneida Cir. El Capitan Dr. Oneida Ct 6 Oneida Ct. Oneida Cir. Customer 6 Oxford Car. Crossridge Rd. Customer 6 Paradise Valley Ct Silver Lake Dr. Customer 6 Parkhaven Dr. Camino Tassajam Viewpoint Dr. 6,8,10,12 Parkhill Rd. Mominghome Blvd. Customer 6 Parkwood Cir. Wildwood Rd. Customer 6 Penn Dr. Amador Valley Blvd. Poplar W y. 6 Pine Valley Ct Alcosu Blvd. Customer 6 Pine Valley Rd. SPRR Right-of-Way Alcosta Blvd. 6 Pine Valley Rd. SPRR Right-of-Way Broadmoor Rd. 6 Pioneer Ln. Stagecoach Dr. Calistoga Ln. 6 SJC/1317681EJWrA%E2-s.Dw & 497 Table 2-5 Distribution Line Locations Pipe Sizes Street From To (Option 1) Porter Dr. Deerwood Dr. Park pl. 8 Presidio Ct Silver Lake Dr. Customer 6 Prestige Pl. Deerwood Dr. Customer 6 Rancho Verde Cir. Silver Lake Dr. Customer 6 Red Willow Cir. S.Clover Crest Ln. Customer 6 Redwood Dr. Blackhawk Dr. Customer 6 Reflections Cir. Springfield Dr. Customer and SPRR Right-of-Way 6 Ridgeland Cir. Ridgeland Dr. Customer 6 Ridgeland Dr. San Ramon Valley Blvd. Ridgeiand Cir. 8 Rosario Ct. Marsh Dr. Customer 6 S.Clover Crest Ln. Red Willow Cir. Customer 6 S.Eagle Nest Dr. Blackhawk Dr. Eagle Valley Wy. 6 San Raman Rd. Dublin Blvd. Vomac Rd. 6,8 San.Ramon Valley Blvd. Montevideo Dr. Customers(north)and/or 6 Brandwood Dr. San Ramon Valley Blvd. Bollinger Cyn.Rd. Harness Dr. 6 San Ramon Valley Blvd. Greenbrook Dr. Town&Country Dr. 6 Sentry Ln Crow Cyn.Rd. Heritage Pk.Dr. 6 Shady Creek Dr. Camino Tassajara Shady Creek PL 6 Shady Creek Pl. Shady Creek.Dr. Customer 6 Shannon Ave. Shannon Ct. Vomac Rd. 6 Shoreline Cir. Shoreline Dr. Customer 6 Shoreline Dr. Crow Cyn.Rd. Shoreline Cir.&Customer 6 Shoshone Cir. El Capitan Dr. Customer 6 Siena pl. Fontan Dr. Customer 6 Sierra Ct Dublin Blvd. SPRR Right-of-Way 6 Sierra Ln. Sierra Ct Customer 6 Silver Lake Dr. Oneida Cir. El Capitan Dr. 6,8,12,16, 18 Silver Maple Dr. Blackhawk Rd. Sugar Maple Dr. 6 Silverado Ct. El Capitan Dr. Customer 6 Silvergate Dr. San Ranson Rd. Amarillo Rd. 6 Sombrero Cir. Brandwood Dr. Customer 6 Springfield Dr. Market PL Springfield lir. 6 St Charles Ct SL Patricks Dr. Customer 8 SL Edward Ct. Greenbrook Dr. Customer 8 St George Rd. Silver Lake Dr. Doral Dr. 6 St Patric ks Dr. Camino Ramon SL Charles Ct. 8 St.Vincent CL Barrett Cir. Customer 6 Stagecoach Rd./Dr. Pioneer Ln Alcosta Blvd. 6,8 Stirling Dr. Glasgow Cir. Edinburgh Dr./Edinburgh Cir. 6 Stoney Creek Dr. Old Ranch Rd. Customer 6 Stuart Pl. Glasgow Cir. Customer 6 Sugar Maple Dr. Silver Maple Dr. Customer 6 SJC/13176WEIR/TA&.V-5.D0C 6 498 j Table 2-5 s Distribution bine Locations Pipe Sixes Street From To (Option 1) Surnmerwood Lp. Alcosta Blvd. Fallen leaf Cir.and/or Customer 8 Sutton Cir. Liverpool St. Cornwall PL 6 Sycamore Cir. Camino Ramon Customer 6 7 Talavera Dr. Bollinger Cyn.Rd. Customer 6 Tamarack Dr. Village Pkwy. Brighton Dr. 6 Tassajara Ranch,Tar. Camino Tassajara Customer 6,10 Tennis Club Dr. Blackhawk Dr: Customer 6 Teracino Dr, Laconia Customer 6 Timbercreek Rd. Old Stanch Rd. Customer 16,24 Toltec Cir. Marsh Dr. Customer 6 Topaz Circle, Stagecoach Rd. Coral Wy. 6 Trinity Ct. Sierra Ct+ Customer 6 Tuscany Wy. Wood Ranch Dr. Customer. Tweed Dr. Old Orchard Dr. Customer 6 Twin Creeks Dr. Norris Cyn.Rd. Compton Cir. 618 Victory Car. Canyon View Cir. Customer 6 Viewpoint Dr. Parkhaven Dr, Customer 6,10 Village Pkwy. Dublin Blvd.. Alcosta Blvd. 618 Vista Paint Dr. Canyon Lake Dr, Customer 6 W.Lakeshore Dr. Lakeview Cir. Customer 6 W.Vomac Rd. San Ramon Rd. Becket Wy. 6 Waterman Cir. Cireenbrook Dr. Customer 6 Watson Cyn.Ct. Canyon Lake Dr. Customer 6 Westfield Cir. _ San Ramon Valley Blvd. Customer 6 Wildwood Rd. _ Amador Valley Blvd. Cottonwood Cir. 6 Wildwood Rd. Dougherty Rd. Packwood Cir. 6 Willow Creek Dr. Dougherty Rd. Oxford Cir. 6 Willow Creek Ln. Blackhawk Dr. Customer 6 Winding Trail Ln. Roiling Hills Dr. Silvergate Dr. 6 Winterside Cir, SPRR Right-of-Way customer 6 Wood Ranch Cu. Wood Ranch Rd, Heartland St 6 Wood Razes Dr. Camino Tas*ara Tuscany Wy., 6 Wood Ranch.R& Camino Tassajara Wood Ranch Cis. 6 Woodland Dr. Alcosta Blvd. Woodview Terrace Dr. 6 Woodview Terrace Dr. Woodview Terrace Dr. Customer 6 SJ0/13176NIR1TAst€2-5.DX 6 Q 499