Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutMINUTES - 01231996 - D5 a, D 'TO: BOARD OF SUPERVISORS Contra FROM: PHIL BATCHELOR, COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR �- Costa January 19, 1996 County DATE: r�4 cT� r�. SUBJECT: LEGISLATION: AB 1017 (Rainey) PROVIDING FOR CIVIL PENALTIES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF POORLY MADE, UNRELIABLE AND UNSAFE HANDGUNS SPECIFIC REQUEST(S)OR RECOMMENDATION(S)8 BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION RECOMMENDATION: ADOPT a position of SUPPORT for AB 1017 by Assemblyman Richard Rainey, but request that the author consider several amendments which it is believed would strengthen the bill. BACKGROUND: According to Assemblyman Rainey, "the problem posed by poorly made, unreliable and unsafe handguns -some of which are currently manufactured and sold in California - is a serious one. These guns, according to some analysts, are disproportionately used by criminals. These unsafe handguns are currently not governed by or subject to any quality or safety standards. They are especially dangerous because they are poorly made, are subject to accidental discharge, misfire and are often inaccurate." Assemblyman Rainey goes on to indicate that"past legislative attempts to eliminate these weapons have focused on criminalizing their manufacture, sale and possession. Unfortunately, these proposed criminal statutes suffered from vagueness, overbreadth, or both. As such, it is very unlikely that they could have been effectively enforced. By crafting a statute which addresses the problem via the civil code, AB 1017 avoids the pitfalls of past attempts. Civil statutes are not held to the same strict standards as those in criminal law. AB 1017 attacks the problem by zeroing in on the physical standards which are most related to soundness, and provides citizens with the tools necessary to eliminate any possible profit from the manufacture of poorly made handguns." CONTINUED ON ATTACHMENT: YES SIGNATURE: RECOMMENDATION OF COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR RECOMMENDATION OF BOARD COMMITTEE APPROVE OTHER SIGNATURE(S): ACTION OF BOARD ON APPROVED AS RECOMMENDED OTHER See Addendum for Board of Supervisors ' actions. VOTE OF SUPERVISORS I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS IS A TRUE UNANIMOUS(ABSENT ) AND CORRECT COPY OF AN ACTION TAKEN AYES: 1 1, 305 , 2 NOES: 4 AND ENTERED ON THE MINUTES OF THE BOARD ABSENT: nOnP ABSTAIN: none OF SUPERVISORS ON THE DATE SHOWN. ATTESTED January 23 , 1996 Contact: PHIL BATCHELOR,CLERK OF THE BOARD OF CC: See Page 3 SUPERVISORS AND COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR a BY CL 144 1 DEPUTY A Legislative Counsel's digest of AB 1017, as amended January 3, 1996 provides as follows: "Under existing law, the purchaser of a defective or unsafe product may have a cause of action against the manufacturer of that product for recovery pursuant to laws relating to breach of warranty, negligence, and product liability. "This bill would create a cause of action in a purchaser of a pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed upon the person against the manufacturer of that firearm if that firearm was manufactured on or after January 1, 1997, and does not comply with specified safety standards provided by this bill." Andres Soto from the Prevention Program in the Health Services Department notes, in part, as follows: "It is recognized that six companies in Southern California have filled a niche in the United States firearm market by taking advantage of a loophole in the `Saturday Night Special' ban of the Gun Control Act of 1968. The Gun Control Act of 1968 created a matrix of qualifications that imported handguns had to meet in order to be legal. These companies realized that the standards for foreign produced handguns did not apply to domestically produced handguns, and began to produce vast quantities of cheap inferior semi-automatic handguns that have been repeatedly shown to be used disproportionately by criminals and juveniles in Contra Costa, California and the nation." The full text of Mr. Soto's remarks are attached. Mr. Soto suggests that AB 1017 should be amended to include the following changes: 1. Require manufacturers to certify that their guns pass the "drop test" and all or parts of the gun are not made of inferior metals such as a zinc alloy or castable aluminum. 2. Make it a misdemeanor for any manufacturer who produces and sells such a weapon, and attach significant civil penalties. 3. Amend Penal Code Section 12029 to include guns that fail the "drop test" and the "metals test" in the list of dangerous weapons that the Attorney General, District Attorneys or City Attorneys can enjoin in their manufacture, importation or sale. 4. Lift the $5,000 civil penalty limit. 5. Expand standing to anyone, not just the purchaser. 6. Establish punitive damages in cases where the manufacturer has knowledge that the gun would fail the "drop test". 7. Establish a "jar-off test" that provides for the gun to be dropped in multiple positions. The proposed "drop test" and "exposed hammer test" fail to mention dropping the gun in multiple positions. The "drop test" and "exposed hammer test" should both be conducted in a similar fashion as the "jar-off test". It is, therefore, recommended that the Board of Supervisors agree to Support AB 1017 as amended January 3, 1996, but that the Board also ask Assemblyman Rainey to consider the above noted possible amendments and give serious thought to including some or all of them in AB 1017. -2- cc: County Administrator District Attorney Sheriff-Coroner Health Services Director Public Health Director Andres Soto, Prevention Program Les Spahnn Heim, Noack, Kelly and Spahnn 1121 L Street, Suite 100 Sacramento, CA 95814 -3- ADDENDUM TO ITEM D. 5 JANUARY 23 , 1996 Claude Van Marter, County Administrator' s Office, presented the staff report on Assembly Bill 1017 (Rainey) . Andres Soto presented comments and recommendations . Supervisor Rogers spoke in opposition to the legislation. Supervisor Smith advocated the inclusion of Mr. Soto' s suggestions into the legislation along with an 8th suggestion to make it clear that this bill does not preempt local jurisdictions from creating more stringent requirements for manufacture so that there is no preemption issue. If the 8 criteria are added to the bill he is willing to support it . Supervisor Rogers expressed support for getting rid of Saturday night specials, and he advised he does not intend to support the bill with or without amendments . Supervisor Torl.akson recommended sending the Board' s concerns to legislators, including Senators Boatwright and Petrie, Assemblymen Campbell and Rainey. , Supervisor Rogers indicated if this were a motion, he would second it . Supervisor Torlakson recommended stating the Board' s concerns about the hand gun issues and the standards of manufacture and communicate with the legislators advising them to get the concerns into other possible legislation and without expressing support for this legislation. Supervisor Rogers seconded the motion. Supervisor DeSaulnier moved a substitute motion to approve the staff recommendation. The motion died for lack of a second. Supervisor Smith clarified that the motion was to draft a letter saying that the Board cannot support the specific bill as stated and that the Board has concerns as enumerated by the 8 recommendations . IT IS BY THE BOARD ORDERED that the County Administrator is REQUESTED to draft letters to the County' s legislative delegation advising that the Board of Supervisors cannot support Assembly Bill 1017 (Rainey) , as written. The Board EXPRESSED that it would support other legislation against unsafe handguns if the seven recommendations in the report by Andres Soto, Health Services Department Prevention Program, and one additional recommendation (relative to preemption) suggested by the Board of Supervisors were to be included. CA AB 1017 01/18/96 Page 1 -D.S Date of Hearing: January 16 , 1996 Counsel : Jennifer P. Anderson ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY AB 1017 (Rainey) - As Amended: January 3 , 1996 ISSUE: SHOULD THE PURCHASER OF A DEFECTIVE OR UNSAFE CONCEALABLE FIREARM HAVE A SPECIFIC CAUSE OF ACTION AGAINST THE MANUFACTURER OF THAT FIREARM IF THE FIREARM WAS NOT MANUFACTURED IN CONFORMITY WITH CERTAIN SAFETY STANDARDS AS SPECIFIED? DIGEST Under current law: 1) Firearms not meeting certain safety standards are banned from importation under federal law. (18 U. S .C. 925 (d) (3) . ) 2) Purchasers of defective products may have a cause of action against the manufacturer of those products under various civil liability theories such as negligence, strict products liability, and breach of implied or express warranty. (See generally California Civil Code section 1714 et sea. ) 3) It is an alternate felony/misdemeanor to manufacture, import, sell, loan or possess specified disguised firearms and other deadly weapons, including plastic firearms, cane or wallet guns, flechette darts, multiburst trigger activators, nunchakus, short-barreled shotguns and rifles, leaded canes, zip guns, unconventional pistols, cane blackjacks, and metal knuckles . A violation is punishable by 16 months, two or three years in prison, or up to one year in county jail . (Penal Code section 12020 . ) This bill provides for an additional civil liability against those companies that manufacture unsafe concealable firearms . In addition, this bill defines safety standards and tests for determining whether a concealable firearm is "safe" for purposes of imposing the additional civil liability. The provisions of this bill would apply to concealable firearms manufactured after January 1, 1997 . COMMENTS 1) Purpose. According to the author: The problem posed by poorly made, unreliable and unsafe handguns, some of which are currently manufactured and sold in California, is a serious one. These guns, according to some analysts, are disproportionately used by criminals . These unsafe handguns are currently not governed by or subject to any quality or safety standards . They are especially dangerous because they are poorly made, are subject to accidental discharge, misfire and are often inaccurate. This bill attacks the problem by zeroing in on the physical standards which are most related to soundness, and provides citizens with the tools necessary to eliminate any possible profit from the manufacture of poorly made handguns . CA AB 1017 01/18/96 Page 2 2) Federal Regulation of Unsafe Firearms . At the federal level, the importation of certain unsafe concealable firearms such as "Saturday Night Specials" have been banned through the enactment of the Gun Control Act of 1968 . Section 925 (d) (3) of the act provides that a firearm shall be imported if it is of a type " . . .generally recognized as particularly suitable for, or readily adaptable to, sporting purposes . " A factoring criteria is employed by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF) to determine if the weapon is of the prohibited type. The ATF form (4880) has a disclaimer that reads " [t] he Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms reserves the right to preclude importation of any revolver or pistol which achieves an apparent qualifying score, but does not adhere to the provisions of ,section 925 (d) (3) of Amended Chapter 44, Title 18, U. S.C. " It is unclear whether or not the ATF would have the de facto power to ban a particular handgun in California under this bill . The factoring criteria is based on a point system. First, the firearm must meet all of the prerequisites . If it is a pistol, it must have a manually operated safety device. The combined length and height must be not less than ten inches with the height being at least four inches and the length at least six inches . If the firearm is a revolver, it must have an overall frame length of at least four and one-half inches and a barrel length of at least three inches . A point value is assigned to the handgun' s individual characteristics such as length of barrel, overall length, frame construction, weight, caliber, safety features, type of sight, trigger, hammer and grip. 3) "Purchaser" . The additional civil liability imposed by this bill applies only when a defective or unsafe concealable firearms is purchased from a licensed dealer. It would therefore not apply if the firearm is illegally acquired. 4) "Concealable Firearm" . A "concealable firearm" is a firearm that is capable -of being concealed upon the person and which has a barrel less than 16 inches in length. (Penal Code section 12001 . ) 5) Safety Standards Defined. This bill defines various safety tests a firearm must successfully pass or it will be deemed defective or unsafe, thus exposing the manufacturer to additional civil liability. Each firearm must pass the "jar-off test" and either the "drop test" or the "exposed hammer test, " each of which is defined in the text of this bill . 6) Potential Effect. This bill would have an obvious impact on the manufacturers of concealable firearms . If a manufacturer is found to have produced a defective or unsafe concealable firearm, as defined, the purchaser shall have a cause of action (in addition to any other civil cause of action) with potential awards of : a) the purchase price of the firearm; b) a civil penalty not to exceed $5, 000 for each firearm purchased; and c) reasonable attorney' s fees and costs . 7) other Legislation. AB 1848 (Gotch) of 1992 proposed a melting point test CA AB 1017 01/18/96 Page 3 for guns of 800 degrees Fahrenheit, which is the melting point adopted for Saturday Night Special bans in Hawaii, Illinois, and South Carolina. A committee analysis of AB 1848 indicated that the proposed standard was derived f'rom the South Carolina arolina Code of Laws (1976) , Sec. 23- 31-180, where handguns failing the 800-degree test are considered Saturday Night Specials . For purposes of enforcement, the State Police issues a list of prohibited models to retail pistol dealers , local police, and other relevant parties . SB 933 (Polanco) introduced last year proposes a ban on all "non-sporting" handguns, using the federal definition found in 18 U. S.C. section 925 . SB 1118 (Watson) introduced last year proposes a ban on all handguns which are manufactured of materials which have a melting point under 1, 000 degrees Fahrenheit, an ultimate tensile strength of less than 55, 000 pounds , or any powdered metal having a density of less than 7 . 5 grams per cubic centimeter. That is a test used in Minnesota to ban such weapons . Maryland created a Handgun Roster Board which issues twice-yearly a list of permitted handguns that are useful for legitimate sporting, self-protection, or law enforcement purposes . (Code of Maryland, Art. 27, Section 36-J. ) Factors considered by the Board include concealability, ballistic accuracy, weight, quality of materials, quality of manufactured, reliability as to safety, caliber, detectability by standard security equipment, and overall utility for legitimate sporting, self-protection, or law enforcement purposes . SOURCE: Author SUPPORT: None on File OPPOSITION: None on File Jennifer P. Anderson 445-3268 END OF REPORT ,TAH — 1 2 - 9G PR I 1 S = 49 PREY EHT I 0 PR0GR P _ 0 :2 e - T,*. =meude van mar er Assistant County Admini.st:rator .A9Ais Soto. a to AS 1017 ry 19i9 f 13D j-0oponse to the request to support AB 1.017, if a position aga; t ,B 1fl17 :is not faeAs�ible, Hien a support with amex t s y he. the best, political position for the board to take at th�s� timed: 'I will provide an analysis and: some proposed ec* ' At ations, for amendm6hts. sof A8 1017 and the 1aformatian Mame kground Informa.ti.on cover sheet in the first paragr���a: idett files a problem that unfortunately AB 1017 does not address. "Mo. :s End paragraph suggests that :previous efforts to ban domost.i;gally manufactured "Saturday 'Night Specials" have not been sojthe legislature be6ause of vagueness, overbreadth or, pro jems in enforcement. The third paragraph suggests that; AB !,011's ,01vil Codeapproach 'will be more effective in addrOsainq the problem of O'sSaturday Night Specials" than the Penal Code' p o bi i of prem:alis bi i s. Ana�yzing AB 1.41.7 shows that it creates a cause of action fq criers of handguns when; the gun they have purchased fai.lS Pk 4i;gatad, "drop" test .conOucted on that gun. The bill sets: a<;, 2:i. t :0: $5,C)OO =and real anal►l.e legal fees for purchasers thatsl rucb+ fully sure the manufa.oturer of the guar that fails the tept, : 'c 1. . = with AN 1017 it .is recognized that six companies in southern California havis fi.11ad .a niche in the United States firearm market by taking v*nt,%Qe of a loophole in the "Saturday Night Special" ban of, the'Quin-Control -Adt of 1968. The Gun Control Act of lto$ created a matrix of qualifications that imported handguns had to meet in o.rd r to be legal. These co;vpanies realized that the standards; fo;t. foroign produced handguns did not apply to domestically Proaucod handguns, and began to produce vast quantities of cheap of cit semi--"tomatic handguns that have been repeatedly shim to .lam used dispiroportionately used by criminals and Juvenft . ;3.n r.$tra. Costa, California and the nation. f 75. 5sn,ta Barbara Road Pleasant HII California 94523-42Ca0 ; ifi • s3 r�sett_ FAX •• 5to'• o • i2l3 erttai9 tiPJp51 s�harrdt. t -TAN 1 2 - 96 PR I 1 S S 1 PREV1-= NY I 0H PR0GR P 03 Asch riling to the BATF, seven of the most frequently trammed suras in.fdohnoict ons to crimes are Southern California made Htai tt kd*'y richt -Sals"". In 1993 eight out of ten guns confiscated. by �:a:ltf(?rnia police were "Saturday Right Specials". The Xwmary 10, 1996 issue of jgUrnal of the Anerican ftediOal herlogieitim pujql,Jshed. an article that identified the Raven .25 semi-automatic, :havidgr an, a`S4t4rday Light Special from Southern CalifmrniA .i:s s thO' rt; =esluent].y, used gun in firearm fatalities. Tho ;federal mairi.x considers the quality of the natal and tba. _ ccKAbinsd height and length, weight, . caliber, safety featur" And AM" xy features of the weapon. A melting test ensures -thAt .;tb gun :ice: pada of ,superior Metal so that it will the, gun will f'i�e reliably and not melt and distort, leading to misfires, ace-ide-ntal discharges or exploding cartridges. States such as: i"_y la 1, illinvie, Kinnescta, Hawaii. and South Carol,i.na. bane gdqptoA melting- test standArds. Contrary to the. information memo attached to AB 101`7 pre*�io�s ertorte to close the loophole in California have not been ^��g�e avarbroad or unenforceable. Bills such as AS 629 have simpl soot: to apply the federal standards for imports to drrmest pr6duc*d handguns. These bills have been vigorously opposed' bit the M:4A and the California Pistol and Rifle owners Associati,oh an4 -�e either been voted down or stalled in committee. i017 is actually a dilution of self-created gun industry; stajidards that clearly have not had an impacts on reducing gun' v.io nye or enba4ping consumer safety. This bill should be: at 11e4ot, ash strong, as the industry's own standards. This bill Vill do othi.ng: tc stop- the manufacture of these inferior profit ts. sr:rl more troublesome, on the civil cause for action .side oaf Ity At*4017 i017 by limiting who has standing to sue the manufactur-eks° of tholse Weapons, limiting miting potential awards to merely $5,OGD, ansa + pg the bur-don on consumers to prove that the.guys are da6ger0-ts, ' wi.l1 ensure that this bill will have virtually nig i�sct *n the bottom line of the manufacturers of poorly WAst6ted hAndguns. This Pill does not even provide for pu' iti:: d m6g0s against the manufacturer for knowin4ly Or'oduoia19 an�, seAin guijs that fail its complicated drop test scheme:. l this - bill must be supported than Contra Costa Cotxnt �hc�u3al i 1j: ist that it -bye amended with provisions sirii.lar to the 1;. - Require wnufactUrers to {certify that their duns pans ,�kh "drop tes " and all sir parts of the gun. ars: not made,:cif t' iAfer or. petals such as a zinc allay or castable a ,tn u .` 24 Lake it a misdemeanor for any manufacturer who prodax s. and sells" such a weapon, and attach significant civil . : . psnal�ies. ,.TAM — 1 2 -915 FR I 10 : !52 PF2E V ENT I ON PROGR P [orb 3 Abend penal Code Section 12029 to include guns, that fail . the "drop test" and the "metals test" in the list of dangerous weapons that the Attorney General, District Attorneys or city Attorneys can enjoin in. thein manufaptUTO, importation or sale. 4. Lift the $5,00 civil penalty limit. 5 Expand standing to .anyone, not just the purchaser. 6. Establish punitive damages in cases where the manufacturer has knowledge that the gun would fail thed 'op test" 7. Establish a "Jar-off test" that provides for the gun to be dropped in multiple positions. The proposed 11drop teat" and. ."exposed hammer test" fail to mention. dropping the "cin in zul.tipl.e positions.: The "drop test" and "exposed hammer t4s:t" should both be conducted in a similar fashion as the Q.Jar-off test". if-there is a mad to discass any information contained_ in this aieap: please contact mei at your soonest convenience. { j. - AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY JANUARY 3, 1996 CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE-1995-96 REGULAR SESSION ASSEMBLY BILL No. 1017 Introduced by Assembly Member Rainey February 23, 1995 Aft at4 to affiend 8eetietis 80Q ftftd 80W4 the Pen ftftd to afftend Seetieii Ie€Ghftpt- 44- ofthe 8 s ef 44A7 First ,c'�:iftar-y Sessian, iftg to eer-reetie :T An act to add Title 10 (commencing with Section 2523) to Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code, relating to firearms. LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST AB 1017, as amended, Rainey. Ger-r-eetiefts, pttftishfftefft eptiens Unsafe firearms. manufacturer liability. Under existing law, the purchaser of a defective or unsafe product may have a cause of action against the manufacturer of that product for recovery pursuant to laws relating to breach of warranty, negligence, and product liability. This bill would create a cause of action in a purchaser of a pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed upon the person against the manufacturer of that firearm if thatfirearm was m an ufa c ture d on or afterjan uary 1, 1997, and does not comply with specified safety standards provided by this bill. ee� r t-eased eet -egfaffis based ee a mer- betweeft stateftffd leea4 gem � order- to � e� 98 AB 1017 — 2 — expetftd t-]�te use 4 iftte ediftt . saftetiettfef- f peptila lees. I This b44 would acid t-e the h4 of types e€ ri ter- ed f,to sanetiefts per-fi d trttder- these . ie -8; fedi the defittitieft of ftenviele — €e - purpeses e€ these p s lie elety-ifying ehetftges. Vote: majority. Appropriation: no. Fiscal committee: no. State-mandated local program: no. The people of the State of California do enact as follows. 1 SEGT-1N -1-. 8eetiee 8952 of the Pew Gode is 2 SECTION 1. Title 10 (commencing with Section 3 2523) is added to Part 4 ofDivision 3 of the Civil Code, to 4 read.• 5 6 TITLE 10. UNSAFE PISTOLS, REVOLVERS, OR 7 OTHER FIREARMS CAPABLE OF BEING 8 CONCEALED UPON THE PERSON 9 i 10 2523. (a) The purchaser ofa pistol, revolver, or other 'Y 11 firearm capable of being concealed upon the person shall I 12 have a cause of action against the manufacturer of that 13 firearm if the firearm was manufactured on or after 14 January 1, 1997 and the firearm as manufactured fails to 15 meet the safety standards specified in this title. The 16 purchaser shall be entitled to an award as follows. I 17 (1) An amount equal to the full purchase price of the 18 firearm, including sales tax. 19 (2) A civil penalty in an amount not to exceed five 20 thousand dollars 05,0001 per firearm purchased. 21 .(3) If the purchaser prevails in the cause of action, the ! 22 court shall award the purchaser reasonable attorneys j 23 fees and costs. j 24 (b) An action pursuant to this title shall not be 25 construed to preclude any action against a manufacturer, 26 or abrogate any rights a purchaser may have against a 27 manufacturer, based upon theoriesofbreach of warranty, 28 negligence, or product liability. 98 - 3 — AB 1017 Wender- '` ` 1 (c) Any waiver by the purchaser of pistol, revolver, iediate 2 or firearm capable of being concealed upon the person of the 3 the provisions of this title shall be deemed contrary to th e 4 public policy and shall be unenforceable and void. 5 2,523.2. As used in this title, the following definitions ee: no. 6 shall apply. 7 (a) Hammer means a component part of the firing 8 mechanism that strikes the firing pin or primer allows• 9 sometimes through one or more transfer members. A 10 firearm may have a concealed hammer or an exposed 11 hammer. g on 12 (b) "Pistol, " "revolver, "or 'firearm capable of being 'ode, to 13 concealed upon the person"shall have the same meaning 14 as provided in Section 12001 ofthe Penal Code, except the 15 standards and test procedures set forth in this title shall OR 16 not apply to the following.• 17 (1) Muzzle loading and blackpowder firearms of any Ir 18 type. 19 (2) Firearms primarily intended for formal target r other `' ; � 20 shooting, including firearms whose trigger pull is � n shall �' 21 designed to be less than three pounds or 1.36 kilograms. in 22 (c) "Purchaser" means a person who purchases the of rafter 23 firearm from a firearms' dealer licensed pursuant to fails to 24 Section 12070 of the Penal Code. 25 (d) Safe carrying condition means the condition in The 26 which it is contemplated that a particular design of of the 27 firearm is to be carried. 28 (e) Safety means a device on a firearm intended to ?d five 29 provide protection against accidental discharge under 30 normal usage when properly engaged. For purposes of ?n the 31 describing the safetyas "on"or `off,"the following apply: ' 32 (1) On describes the position of component of the ►rney s 33 safety device when set in a manner to provide protection rot be { 34 against accidental discharge under normal usage. �turer, 35 (2) "Off" describes the condition of a firearm which iinst a 36 has a safety device that allows that firearm to be 37 discharged. -ran ty, 38 (f) "Striker"means a rod-like firing pin or a separate 39 component that impinges on the firing pin. t 98 98 AB 1017 — 4 - 1 - 4 - 1 (g) "Trigger".means that part of firearm mechanism 2 that is moved manually to.ca use the firearm to discharge. 3 (h) "Trigger pull"means the average .force that must 4 be applied to the, trigger of a firearm to cause sear or 5 hammer release with the force applied approximately 6 parallel to the bore line. 7 2523.4. Each pistol, revolver, or firearm capable of 8 being concealed upon the person subject to this title shall 9 satisfy the "drop test" as provided in subdivision (a) 10 which simulates the abusive dropping of the firearm or, 11 in the alternative, the `exposed hammer test" as 12 provided in subdivision (b). 13 (a) With the firearm in the safe carrying condition, the 14 firearm shall be capable of passing the test criteria 15 specified in subdivision (c) for drop testing from a height 16 offourfeet (1.22m) onto an 85plus orminus 5Durometer 17 (Shore A) rubber mat, one inch thick (2.54 cm), backed 18 by concrete. The gnat and concrete shall be large enough 19 so that when the gun is dropped it will fall and come to 20 rest without interference within the perimeter of the 21 mat. The drop height shall be measured from the surface 22 of the rubber mat to the center of gravity of the firearm. 23 The center ofgra vity shall be determined to an accuracy 24 ofplus or minus one inch by any recognized method for 25 finding the center ofgra vity ofan irregular shaped object. 26 As an alternative to free dropping, other methods may be 27 substituted if they provide equivalent impact 28 characteristics. 29 (b) As an alternative to' the test procedure described 30 in subdivision (a), the exposed hammer test" may be 31 used. Instead of dropping the firearm, as provided in 32 subdivision (a), a mild steel weight equal to the weight 33 of fully loaded firearm and accessories as catalogued by 34 the manufacturer may be dropped from a height of 36 35 inches or 0.914 meters, striking the exposed hammer or 36 striker with the firearm held with barrel vertical and 37 muzzle down, its muzzle resting on a mild steel block of 38 atleast50pounds (22.7kg) weight, a total ofsix times. The 39 height shall be measured from the impact surface to the 98 -- 5 — AB 101 sm 1 contactpoint on the exposed hammer of the firearm. The ge. 2 same firearm shall be used throughout the test. ust 3 (c) The following criterion shall apply to the "drop or 4 test"and the `exposed hammer test"conductedpursuan t ?ly 5 to this section: 6 (1) The firearm shall not fire a chambered empty Of 7 primed case of its designated cartridge when tested !all 8 according to these procedures. 'a) 9 (2) In the case of a multichambered firearm, the or, 10 primed case or cases shall be in the chamber or chambers as 11 directly in front of the firing pin or firing pins. 12 (3) If at any time during the test there is ani- he 13 observable damage to a part of the firearm without the ria 14 firing of the primed case, that part may be replaced and ,ht 15 the test continued, unless the damaged part bears the :er 16 serial number of the firearm. Damage to the ed 17 serial-numbered part without discharge of the primed g,h 18 case shall not constitute failure of the test, as long as the to 19 firearm can be unloaded safely after the test. he 20 (d) The following test procedure shall apply to the ce 21 "drop test" and the `exposed hammer test" conducted .m. 22 pursuant to this section: cy 23 (1) The test shall be conducted with the trigger pull -or 24 force set at the minimum force specified by the ct. 25 manufacturer. be 26 (2) The test shall be conducted with the magazine, !ct 27 clip, or remaining revolver cylinder chambers fully- 28 loaded with dummy cartridges and locked in place. ed 29 2523.6. Each pistol, re vol ver, or firearm capable of be 30 being concealed upon the person subject to this title shall in 31 satisfy the `far-off test" as follows which simulates the ht 32 abusive impacting or bumping of the firearm against a by 33 hard surface with the firearm in a condition ofmaximum 36 34 readiness: or 35 (a) With the firearm cocked and in the ready-to-fire id 36 condition (safety "off, "if applicable) the firearm shall be Of 37 capable of passing a jar-off shock equivalent to being ie 38 dropped from a height of 12 inches (0.205 m) onto an 85 he 39 plus or minus 5 Durometer (Shore A) rubber mat, one 40 inch (2.54 cm) thick, backed by concrete. The mat and , 98 98 AB 1017 — 6 — I 6 - 1 concrete shall be large enough so that when the firearm 2 is dropped it will fall completely within the perimeter of 3 the mat. The drop height shall be measured from the 4 surface of the rubber mat to the lowest point on the 5 firearm. The firearm shall be caught after its first bounce 6 from the mat so that it strikes the mat only one time. As 7 an alternative to free dropping, other methods may be 8 substituted if they provide equivalent impact 9 characteristics. 10 (b) The following criterion shall apply to the jar-off 11 test"conducted pursuant to this section: 12 (1) The firearm shall not fire a chambered empty 13 primed case of its designated cartridge when tested 14 according to this procedure. 15 (2) In the case of a multichambered firearm, the 16 primed case or cases shall be in the chamber or chambers 17 directly in front of the firing pin or firing pins. 18 (3) The breakage of parts or other damage resulting 19 from drop testingshall not constitute failure of this test as 20 long as the empty primed case does not fire and the 21 firearm can be unloaded safely after the drop. 22 (c) The test procedure for the 'j r. test" shall be 23 conducted as follows: 24 (1) The firearm shall be dropped in such a way as to 25 cause it to strike the rubber mat surface one time only in 26 each of the following altitudes. 27 (A) Barrel vertical, muzzle down. 28 (B) Barrel vertical, muzzle up. 29 (C) Barrel horizontal, bottom up. 30 (D) Barrel horizontal, bottom down. 31 (E) Barrel horizontal, left side up. 32 (F) Barrel horizontal, right side up. 33 (2) The test shall be conducted with the trigger pull 34 force set at the minimum force specified by the 35 manufacturer. 36 (3) The test shall be conducted with the magazine, 37 clip, or remaining revolver cylinder chambers fully 38 loaded with dummy cartridges and locked in place. 98 - 7 -- AB 1017 1 m 2 Of 3 All matter omitted in this version of the 1e 4 bill appears in the bill as introduced in the 7e 5 Assembly, February 23, 1995 (JR 11) ?e 6 4s 7 ie Ot off ty ?d 2e •rs tg as le )e to in rll 2e e, 7y O 98 98