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HomeMy WebLinkAboutMINUTES - 10111994 - 1.38 A 1P TO: BOARD OF SUPERVISORS t FROM: Mark Finucane, Health Services Director �'V0 Contra By: Elizabeth A. Spooner, Contracts Administrato Costa DATE: September 29, 1994 County SUBJECT: Approve Agreement #28-558-1 with the California Office of Traffic Safety SPECIFIC REQUEST(S) OR RECOMMENDATION(S) & BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION I. RECOMMENDED ACTION: Approve and authorize the Chair, Board of Supervisors, to execute on behalf of the County, Agreement #28-558-1 with the California Office of Traffic Safety, in the amount of $314, 189, for the period from October 1, 1994 through September 30, 1997, for the California Bicycle Safety Network Project. II. FINANCIAL IMPACT: Approval of this Agreement will result in $314, 189 of State funding during the three-year period from October 1, 1994 through September 30, 1997, for the California Bicycle Safety Network Project. No County funds are required. III. REASONS FOR RECOMMENDATIONS/BACKGROUND: On July 12 , 1994, the Board of Supervisors approved submission of Funding Application #28-558 to the California Office of Traffic Safety for the California Bicycle Safety Network Project. Agreement #28-558- 1 is the result of that funding application. This project will be a collaborative effort among bicycle safety advocates throughout the state, with the Department' s Prevention Program and the California Center for Childhood Injury providing leadership and staffing roles. The project goals include: coordinating consistent community-wide safety concepts; increasing bicycle safety knowledge and skills; stimulating organizations to enhance safety efforts; and monitoring, evaluating and disseminating information about bicycle legislation and policies. . The Board Chair should sign four copies of the Agreement. Three copies of the Agreement and three certified and sealed copies of this Board Order should be returned to the Contracts and Grants Unit. CONTINUED ON ATTACHMENT: YES SIGNATURE: RECOMMENDATION OF COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR RECOMMENDATION OF BOARD COMMITTEE APPROVE OTHER SIGNATURE(S) ACTION OF BOARD ON U0 10 A A IN APPROVED AS RECOMMENDED _ OTHER VOTE OF SUPERVISORS UNANIMOUS (ABSENT ) I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS IS A TRUE AYES: NOES: AND CORRECT COPY OF AN ACTION TAKEN ABSENT: ABSTAIN: AND ENTERED ON THE MINUTES OF THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS ON THE DATE SHOWN. Contact: Wendel Brunner , M. D . (313-6712 ) QCT 111994 CC: Health Services (Contracts) ATTESTED _ California Office of Traffic Safety Phil Batchelor,Clerk of the Board of Supervjjga 1d Gw1y AdMlnWft M382/7-83 BY �1/ �J —, DEPUTY State of California Business, Transportation & Housing Agency OFFICE OF TRAFFIC SAFETY PROJECT MAIBER TRAFFIC SAFETY PROJECT AGREEMENT a7747EOF 7xaF)W54kFrr PAGE 1 (Tobe completed by Applicant Agency) _ 1. PROJECT TITLE California Bicycle Safety Network 8 - 558 — 1 2. NAME OF APPLICANT AGENCY Contra Costa County for its= 4- PROJECT PERIOD Health Services Department Month - Day - Year 3. AGENCY UNIT TO HANDLE PROJECT From: 10-1-94 Prevention Program To : 09-30-97 5. PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Summarize the proposed project plan covering the objectives, method of procedure, evaluation, and end product in approximately 100 words.) State-wide bicycle safety activities are handled most efficiently through a state-wide coalition approach. As lead agency for this project, the Prevention Program will develop the structure for a state network, and facilitate the activities of the network. Objectives will include: Improve current bicycle safety education materials and expand dissemination; develop a "how-to" manual to be distributed state-wide; coordinate media campaigns that inform the public about the bicycle helmet law and other relevant issues; provide training assistance to community agencies and organizations; coordinate state conference presentations; staff the network and committees; expand the network membership in north and south sections; develop, update and disseminate a resource directory; collaborate with organizations to incorporate primary sacety messages in their educational materials; develop a low cost helmet purchasing program for network members; track, evaluate and report to members on relevant bicycle safety legislation; implement a bi-county study to evaluate the bicycle helmet law. Activities associated with these objectives will be accomplished through the network organizational structure and the staff to the project. Each objective will be evaluated yearly. 6. FEDERAL FUNDS ALLOCATED UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL NOT EXCEED S 314,189 7. APPROVAL SIGMATURES A. PROJECT DIRECTOR B. AUTHORIZING OFFICIAL OF APPLICPAT AGENCY Name: Jack Champlin Phone:(510) 646 Name: oma Po rs Phone, 510 374 Address: 75 Santa Barbara Road 6511 Addr -100 37 treet 3231 P easa Hil CA 94523 Rich d, 9 0 Signature Date 2 L l Signatur Date Title Pr ect I1ire4tor Title air, Board of Supervisors C. FISCAL OR ACCOUNTING OFFICIAL D. OFFICE AUTHORIZED TO RECEIVE PAYMENTS Name: Alan Abreu Phone(510) 370 Name: Alan Abreu Address: 20 Allen Street 5025 Martinez, CA 94553 Signature Date Address: Public Health Controller Title Public Health Controller 20 Allen Street SCHEDULE A PROJECT NO. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Page 1 BACKGROUND A. General Characteristics - The State of California has an estimated population of 29 million and 20 million bicycles, with thousands more a day being purchased. B. Streets and Highways - Roads in the roadway system of California that legally accomodate bicycling includes 998 miles of freeways, 1,612 miles of expressways, 9,482 miles of state highways, 66,504 miles of county roadways, 64,898 miles of city roadways, and 3,244 miles of other state owned roads. There are 18,524 miles of federally controlled roads, but that figure includes the state run interstate freeways. The approximate total roadway mileage allowable for bicyclists is 165,000 miles. (CALTRANS) C. Operating Departments - The lead agency for this project is the Contra Costa County Health Services Prevention Program, which resides under the Public Health Division. All public health traffic safety injury prevention efforts are located in the Unintentional Injury Program section of the Prevention Program. The Prevention Program has 30 total personnel. D. Existing Systems - Organizations throughout California working to decrease the incidence of bicycle injuries include: the State Department of Health Services Maternal and Child Health Branch having collaborated with the State PTA to promote a school-based bicycle helmet campaign; the California Coalition for Children's Health and Safety successfully spear- heading the passage of a bicycle helmet use law; groups like the California State Automobile Association, the Automobile Club of Southern California, the California Highway Patrol, and many local police departments which distribute bicycle safety information describing safe bicycling techniques as well as providing direct education and riding skills; in some locations, coalitions consisting of engineers, law enforcement officers, planners, and health and safety professionals convened to address the issue. PROBLEM STATEMENT While bicycling is often seen in the public eye as a form of care-free recreation, the injuries associated with it can be quite severe and costly. California's bicycle injury problem must be understood in two ways: first, through an analysis of the injury threat to the millions of bicyclists in the state and, second, as a systemic problem requiring enhanced coordination among state and local organizations interested in bicycle safety. Both of these aspects of the problem are described below. OTS-38b (Rev 9/91) SCHEDULE A PROJECT NO. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Page 2 California bears a disproportionate share of bicycle-related injuries in the U.S. While injuries occur to bicyclists of all ages, children ages 6 to 19 have the highest rate of bicycle-related head injuries that require hospitalization. Data sources such as the California Highway Patrol's State-wide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS), the U.S. Census Bureau, and the Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development reveal that the State of California: ♦ Is home to an estimated 29 million people and 20 million bicycles. Both the state population and the number of bicyclists is rapidly increasing;' ♦ Has 11 percent of the nation's population but 14 percent of bicyclist fatalities;2 ♦ Had 82,152 people injured and 678 people killed in bicycle related crashes between 1985-1989.3 ♦ Has a significant number of child bicyclists who are at risk for injury. Children under the age of 16 comprise 23 percent of the population. In 1991, 34 percent of California's bicycle collision victims were under 15 years of age.' In the same year, children age 6-12 had the highest rate of bicycle-related head injury requiring hospitalization at 15.3 per 100,000 (children five and younger had a rate of 3.1, children 13-19 had a rate of 9.8, and those over age 20 hada rate of 2.7 per 100,000).5 Bicycle injuries that require hospitalization represent the more serious type of non-fatal crashes. In 1991, the number of bicyclists hospitalized for any injury totaled 5,075. Of the total hospitalizations, one-third were from incidents involving a motor vehicle. While not a majority of incidents, these motor-vehicle related crashes were more severe and costly (a mean of 2.5 medical conditions and $22,632 in hospital costs) and required longer hospital stays (a mean of 6.2 days) than non-motor-vehicle incidents.' Bicycle-related head injuries exact a tremendous personal, social, and financial cost. Head trauma (usually intracranial hemorrhage) is the most frequent cause of death in fatal bicycle accidents, occurring in approximately 75 percent of cases.' Survivors of head injuries only have a 33 percent chance of returning to a lifestyle without any permanent disabilities'. In California, bicycle-related head injuries occurring in 1991 generated $19.7 million in hospital costs. Government sources paid 43 percent of these costs.' While bicycle-related head injuries are costly and serious, the efficacy of bicycle helmets to prevent them is well established. When used properly, bicycle helmets reduce the risk of head injury by 85% and brain injury by 88%.10 The cost of an approved bicycle helmet can be as low as $15 to OTS-38b (Rev 9/91) 2 SCHEDULE A PROJECT NO. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Page 3 $20, compared to $4.5 million required to provide medical, rehabilitative, and long-term care for a seriously head-injured bicyclist over the course of her/his lifetime." ATTEMPTS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM Many organizations throughout California have worked diligently to decrease the incidence of bicycle injuries. For example, over the past two years, the State Department of Health Services Maternal and Child Health Branch has collaborated with the State PTA to promote a school-based bicycle helmet campaign. The California Coalition for Children's Health and Safety successfully spear-headed the passage of a bicycle helmet law that now requires children under age 18 to wear helmets. Groups like the California State Automobile Association, the Automobile Club of Southern California, the California Highway Patrol, and many local police departments distribute bicycle safety information describing safe bicycling techniques as well as providing direct education and riding skills. And, in some locations, coalitions consisting of engineers, law enforcement officers, planners, and health and safety professionals have convened to address the issue. Unfortunately, without one unifying force at the state level, these efforts have been fragmented. For example, many city planners, law enforcement officers, engineers, and traffic commissioners are not aware of the extent of the problem and do not recognize their potential role in the solution. Although many health professionals may recognize the problem, they generally do not see themselves as providing the leadership needed to link groups who are outside the traditional health care delivery system. Additionally, bicycle-related committees throughout the state are working independently and lack a mechanism for systematic planning and coordination. PROTECT OBJECTIVES GOAL: To strengthen bicyclists abilities to travel safely in both traffic and non-traffic environments and promote the consistent use of bicycle helmets. Objective la) Improve current bicycle safety educational materials and expand dissemination state-wide. Objective lb) Develop a "how-to" manual for Network members and other groups describing the coordination of training events that enhance bicycle safety skills. OTS-38b (Rev 9/91) 3 SCHEDULE A PROJECT NO. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Page 4 GOAL: To coordinate consistent community-wide education that promotes the importance of bicycle safety, "sharing-the-road" concepts, community-wide endorsement of bicycle helmets, and support for separate bicycle facilities such as bicycle trails, paths, and lanes. Objective 2) Coordinate statewide media campaigns that inform the public about the bicycle helmet law and other relevant issues. GOAL: To increase bicycle safety knowledge and skills among various professionals impacting bicycle safety, such as law enforcement, traffic engineers, public health, bicycle helmet manufacturers, etc. Objective 3a) Provide training assistance on such topics as: e successful strategies for enforcing the bicycle helmet law; e collaboration with public works, community development, and traffic engineering departments to make the traffic environment safer for bicyclists; and e resource development for bicycle helmet giveaways and/or low-cost purchase programs. Objective 3b) Coordinate bicycle safety presentations at the OTS, California Childhood Injury Control, and other relevant conferences. GOAL: To staff an effective California Bicycle Safety Network, which will include a Network Steering Committee, associated Network subcommittees, and two regional Chapters with working subcommittees. Objective 4a) Staff an executive steering committee for the Network, composed of representatives from such agencies as the Office of Traffic Safety, the California Highway Patrol, the State Health Services Department, the California Center for Childhood Injury Prevention, the California Coalition for Children's Safety and Health, CALTrans, the State legislature, the Children's Advocacy Institute, the Contra Costa County Health Services Prevention Program, and other relevant organizations. Objective 4b) Expand and staff the current Network (staff will convene annual meetings of the Network at state injury control and/or other appropriate conferences, agendas will include inter-chapter information sharing, policy updates, media plans, and reports from the various Network subcommittees). OTS-38b (Rev 9/91) 4 SCHEDULE A PROJECT NO. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Page 5 Objective 4c) Develop and staff the Northern and Southern Chapters of the Network to implement resource development, educational, media, and other strategies. Objective 4d) Develop and disseminate a resource directory for Network members and other organizations. The directory will consist of agencies and individuals working to promote bicycle safety including law enforcement, public health, bicycle clubs, bicycle helmet manufacturers, bicycle safety coordinators, the automobile clubs, Office of Traffic Safety bicycle safety projects, etc. GOAL: To stimulate organizations to enhance their bicycle safety efforts. Objective 5a) Collaborate with organizations that produce educational materials to incorporate the "big ten" safety messages developed by the Network. Objective 5b) Work with helmet manufactures to develop the lowest-cost possible helmet purchasing program benefiting Network members. GOAL: To monitor, evaluate, and disseminate information about bicycle legislation that improves or discourages bicycle safety in California. Objective 6a) Track and analyze the following: • changes in the current bicycle helmet law; • changes in the motor-vehicle code pertaining to bicyclists; • changed in local ordinances pertaining to bicyclists; and • changes in funding for bicycle facilities. Objective 6b) Implement a Santa Clara-Contra Costa, bi-county study evaluating the bicycle helmet law, using Contra Costa County's 1991 and 1992 pre-legislation data. METHOD OF PROCEDURE Phase I - Preparation Stage (October - December. 1994) •Selection of Staff •Recruitment of Network Steering Committee •Development of Network's Primary Bicycle Safety Rules *Development of Network helmet purchase program OTS-38b (Rev 9/91) 5 SCHEDULE A PROJECT NO. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Page 6 Phase II - Implementation Stage (January, 1995 - duration of project) *See the "gantt" objective timeline chart and corresponding delineation of agency responsibilities for each remaining activity below. Phase III - Data Gathering and Analysis Stage (October 1994 - duration of the project) *Bicycle Helmet Use Observation Study •Legislative Analysis of Relevant Bicycle Legislation Phase IV - Project Evaluation (End of FY - duration of project - final evaluation) •Staff Review of Objectives •Network Achievement Review with Steering Committee METHOD OF EVALUATION Objective la) Improve current bicycle safety educational materials and expand dissemination state-wide as measured by I) the development of a set of primary bicycle safety messages and 2) at least two producers of bicycle safety materials incorporating these messages into their materials and expanding their dissemination. Objective lb) Develop a "how-to" manual for Network members and other groups describing the coordination of training events that enhance bicycle safety skills as measured by the creation of a "how-to" manual, which will be distributed to at least 100 organizations state-wide. Objective 2) Coordinate statewide media campaigns that inform the public about the bicycle helmet law and other relevant issues as measured by distributing at least 20 press releases state-wide per year and receiving at least 10 print, radio, or television stories per year. Objective 3a) Provide training assistance on such topics as: • successful strategies for enforcing the bicycle helmet law; • collaboration with public works, community development, and traffic engineering departments to make the traffic environment safer for bicyclists; and OTS-38b (Rev 9/91) SCHEDULE A PROJECT NO. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Page 7 • resource development for bicycle helmet giveaways and/or low-cost purchase programs. as measured by implementing at least six trainings at Northern and Southern Network Chapter meetings throughout the life of the project. Objective 3b) Coordinate bicycle safety presentations at the OTS, California Childhood Injury Control, and other relevant conferences as measured by at least one annual Network presentation at a major state-wide conference. Objective 4a) Staff an executive steering committee for the Network, composed of representatives from the Office of Traffic Safety, the California Highway Patrol, the State Health Services Department, the California Center for Childhood Injury Prevention, the California Coalition for Children's Safety and Health, CALTrans, the State legislature, the Children's Advocacy Institute, the Contra Costa County Health Services Prevention Program, and other relevant organizations as measured by the existence of a Steering Committee consisting of at least ten organizations that meets at least quarterly throughout the project. Objective 4b) Expand and staff the current Network as measured by enrolling at least 50 new organizations into the Network and holding at least one annual Network meeting. Objective 4c) Develop and staff the Northern and Southern Chapters of the Network to implement resource development, educational, media, and other strategies as measured by the existence of two Chapters, both of which will consist of at least 25 members and meet at least bi-annually. Objective 4d) Develop and disseminate a resource directory for Network members and other organizations as measured by distributing the Network Resource Directory to at least 200 organizations annually. Objective 5a) Collaborate with organizations that produce educational materials to incorporate the primary set of safety messages developed by the Network as measured by meeting with at least five organizations over the life of the project and securing agreements with at least two of them to incorporate these ten messages. Objective 5b) Work with helmet manufactures to develop the lowest-cost possible helmet purchasing program benefiting Network members as measured by 1) soliciting bids from at least ten helmet manufacturers and enrolling at least two of them in a purchasing program OTS-38b (Rev 9/91) 7 SCHEDULE A PROJECT NO. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Page 8 that provides low-cost helmets to Network members and 2) at least 30 organizations participating in the purchase program over the life of the project. Objective 6a) Track and analyze the following: • changes in the current bicycle helmet law; • changes in the motor-vehicle code pertaining to bicyclists; • changed in local ordinances pertaining to bicyclists; and • changes in funding for bicycle facilities as measured by distributing updates to Network members describing current legislation at least bi-annually. Objective 6b) Implement a Santa Clara-Contra Costa, bi-county study evaluating the bicycle helmet law, using Contra Costa County's 1991 and 1992 pre-legislation data as measured by an evaluation study report developed at the mid point of the project and distributed to all Network members. STATEMENT OF INTENT It is the intent of this agency to see to the continuity of the California Bicycle Safety Network after the OTS funding expires, through the generation of funding and in-kind contributions, from alternate public and private sources that will support staffing and activities. OTS-38b (Rev 9/91) 8 SCHEDULE A-1 ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT STATENVEWCTEI$Qa4f�t type of priority this project has in your jurisdiction. The Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors has endorsed this project by resolution. The Program Director and Staff of the Health Services Department Prevention Program are committed to the successful formation and development of the California Bicycle Safety Network and its associated activity. AGENCY CONTRIBUTION - Explain what services or funds are being contributed by your agency in support of this project. The Prevention Program, San Jose State University, and John Muir Medical Center will provide staff support to complete the proposed bicycle helmet law evaluation. In addition, the Prevention Program's Unintentional Injuries Program Director will provide oversight of the project as a matching contribution. The California Center for Childhood Injury Prevention convened two regional bicycle safety workshops in June of 1994 to lay the foundation for creating Northern and Southern regional Chapters of the Network. The Center developed and distributed the first copy of the Network Resource Directory as a match. Moreover, the creation of the Network, the Network's Steering Committee and associated subcommittees, and the two regional Chapters and their subcommittees will provide an organizational structure that will foster coordination of bicycle safety projects and will maximize current resources throughout the state directed toward bicycle safety. Estimated $ Contribution. *Staff project oversight - Project Director $15,000. *Staff salary, bicycle helmet law evaluation -San Jose State University $ 4,000. -John Muir Medical Center $ 2,000. -Prevention Program $ 4,000. *Two regional bicycle safety workshops - CCCIP $ 3.000. *Develop, print and distribute Network Resource Directory 2,000. TOTAL $30,000. OTS-38c (Rev 9/91) 9 SCHEDULE. B= ' (Page 1) DETAILED BUDGET ESTIMATE PROJECT NO. FISCAL YEAR ESTIMATES COST CATEGORY FY-1 FY-2 FY-3 FY-4 TOTAL COST 10-1-94 10-01-95 10-01-96 TO PROJECT A. PERSONNEL COSTS 09-30-95 09-30-96 09-30-97 Positions and Salaries 1. Pub. Info. Ofcr. $2200 $2332 $2472 $7,004.00 S. Swift 2. Project Coord. 35000 37100 39326 111,426.00 Vacant 3. Clerk 5200 5460 5733 16,393.00 S. Stevens 4. Admin. Coord. 1900 2095 5990 9,985.00 K. Martin S. Student Workers 4000 4000 0 8,000.00 Vacant Employee Benefits @ 11.1- 13,739 14,515 14,892 43,146.00 31$ Category Sub-Total $62,039.00 $65,502.00 $68,413.00 $0.00 $195,954.00 B. TRAVEL EXPENSE 1. In County $500- $550 $600 $1,650.00 2. In State 1500 2000 2500 6,000.00 0.00 0.00 Category Sub-Total $2,000.00 $2,550.00 $3,100.00 $0.00 $7,650.00 C. CONTRACTUAL SERVICES CA Cntr Chldhd Inj. Prev. $25000 $26500 $28000 $ $79,500.00 Category Sub-Total $25,000.00 $26,500.00 $28,000.00 $0.00 $79,500.00 OTS-38d (Rev 9/91) j SCHEDULE B (Page 3) DETAILED BUDGET ESTIMATE PROJECT NO. FISCAL YEAR ESTIMATES COST CATEGORY FY-1 FY-2 FY-3 FY-4 TOTAL COST 10-1-94 10-01-95 10-01-96 TO PROJECT D. NON-It ENDABLE PROPERTY 09-30-95 09-30-96 09-30-97 Computer/Software $2500 $ $ $ $2,500.00 Category Sub-Total $2,500-001 $0.001 $0.001 $0.00 $2,500.00 E. Other Direct Costs 1. Supplies $300 $400 $400 $ $1,100.00 2. Printing 200 1000 1000 2,200.00 3. Teleconference 500 500 500 1,500.00 4. Postage 500 550 600 1,650.00 Category Sub-Total $1,500.00 $2,450.00 $2,500.00 $0.00 $6,450.00 F. INDIRECT COSTS $6400/FTE 8710 8710 8710 $26,130.00 Category Sub-Total 8,710$00 8,710.00 $ 8,710.00 $ 0.00 26,130.00 PROJECT TOTAL $101,749.00 $105,712.00 $110,723.00 $0.00 $318,184.00 OTS-38e (Rev 9/91) 1 PROJECT NO. The following chart outlines each objective and corresponding agency responsibility. Objective # Prevention Program The California Center—MCH la--to improve existing educational materials lead responsibility and increase dissemination lb—to develop a bicycle safety promotional lead responsibility event "how-to" manual 2a—to coordinate a "bicycle helmet law" and lead responsibility other media campaigns 3a—to coordinate training and resource shared responsibility shared responsibility development needs of regional chapters 3b--to coordinate bicycle safety presentations shared responsibility shared responsibility at OTS and Injury Conferences 4a--to convene the Bicycle Safety Network lead responsibility ("Network") Steering Committee 4b—To provide staff support to the Network shared responsibility shared responsibility and its subcommittees 4c—To convene and provide staff support to lead responsibility the Network's N/S Chapters and their subcommittees Q--To develop and disseminate a Network lead responsibility resource directory 5a—To encourage producers of bicycle safety shared responsibility shared responsibility materials to incorporate "big 10" 5b--To work with bicycle helmet lead responsibility manufacturers in the development of a Network helmet purchase program 6a—To track and analyze relevant bicycle lead responsibility legislation 6c—To evaluate the new bicycle helmet law lead responsibility **Note: The lead responsibility agency for each objective will receive assistance from the other agency. 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Q fD Z N +. 3 O +• A n m 3 fD N N —3 ':> ? o ..,, o m N 2 O O C y C 3 O — O �. _ a a oO v r Z m s m m m n CO3 0 o 3 m m 3 ,. o a +. 3 0CD F < m n m ? _ 'SO 3 m co o c ai N .i'.: ':: CD y v 3 n CD y 3 C7 m cp m 3 O a A m o rt N of0 C r" > Z N C pl cn m m b n m > >y ti i..D. oO m x a V > _ Q - O_ to 3 c' • < r • >..> <'! > > * n b • . x x .. :>alf a % e' b " [ • • • X X X • • X X .;; rt> .....:::: .. <` • • X ...... PROJECT NO. REFERENCES 1. Regional Bicycle Advisory Committee(REBAC). Bicycle Empowerment. Making the Bicycle a Real Transportation Choice. Bay Area Pro-Bike Workshop Proceedings. REBAC; Oakland, California, 1993. 2. Census Bureau, 1990. California Highway Patrol Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System(SWITRS). Annual Report of Fatal and Injury Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents, 1989, 1990, and 1991. 3. SWITRS; 1985-1989. 4. U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 SWITRS, 1991. 5. Trent,RB, Ellis, AA. Head Injuries to California Bicyclists. California Morbidity, Department of Health Services;. February 11, 1994. Note: Hospitalized head injury data source: Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development Hospital Discharge Data Program. 6. Ibid. 7. Weiss,BD. Preventing Bicycle-Related Head Injuries. New York State Journal of Medicine;June,1987;87(6):319- 20. 8. Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center. Fact Sheet. Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA; 1990. 9. Trent,RB, Ellis, AA. Head Injuries to California Bicyclists. California Morbidity, Department of Health Services. February 11, 1994. 10. Thompson, RS, Rivas, FP, Thompson,DC. A Case Control Study of the Effectiveness of Bicycle Safety Helmets. New England Journal of Medicine; 1989; 320: 1362-7. 11. National Head Injury Foundation. Fact Sheet. 1990. OTS-38f (Rev 9/91)