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Home My WebLink AboutBOARD STANDING COMMITTEES - 06242024 - FHS Cte Agenda PktMonday, June 24, 2024 10:30 AM CONTRA COSTA COUNTY 309 Diablo Rd., Danville | 2255 Contra Costa Blvd., Suite 202, Pleasant Hill AGENDA Family and Human Services Committee Supervisor Ken Carlson, Chair Supervisor Candace Andersen, Vice Chair https://cccounty-us.zoom.us/j/6976096783? | USA 888-278-0254 Conference code: 382517 1 Family and Human Services Committee AGENDA June 24, 2024 The public may attend this meeting in person at either above location . The public may also attend this meeting remotely via Zoom or call-in. Agenda Items: Items may be taken out of order based on the business of the day and preference of the Committee. 1.Introductions 2.Public comment on any item under the jurisdiction of the Committee and not on this agenda (speakers may be limited to two (2) minutes). 3.RECEIVE and APPROVE the Record of Action for the May 20, 2024 Family and Human Services Committee (FHS) meeting. (Danielle Fokkema, FHS Staff) 24-1732 Draft ROA 5.20.24Attachments: 4.CONSIDER recommending to the Board of Supervisors the appointment of Mackenzie Whipps to the Public Agency #4 - East County seat and the reappointment Amy Mockoski to the Discretionary Appointee #2 - Central/South County seat on the Local Planning and Advisory Council for Early Care and Education (LPC), as recommended by the Contra Costa County Office of Education. (Chanele Green, LPC Staff) 24-1733 Mockoski, Amy_Redacted Application Whipps, Mackenzie_Redacted Application Attachments: 5.CONSIDER recommending to the Board of Supervisors the reappointment of Patricia Campbell to Private/Non-Profit Seat #1 and Victor Tiglao to Low Income Seat #4 on the Economic Opportunity Council (EOC), all with terms ending on June 30, 2026, as recommended by the Employment and Human Services Director. (Christina Reich, EOC Staff) 24-1734 EOC ROSTER June 2024 P. Campbell - Redacted Application V. Tiglao - Redacted Application Attachments: 6.CONSIDER accepting the Council on Homelessness (COH) Quarter 1 report and directing staff to forward the report to the Board of Supervisors for their information. (Jaime Jenett, Staff to the COH) 24-1735 Q1-2024 Report FINAL Presentation to FHS on Q1-2024 report Attachments: Page 1 of 3 2 Family and Human Services Committee AGENDA June 24, 2024 7.CONSIDER accepting the Employment and Human Services Department's 2024 Annual Report on Anti-Human Trafficking efforts in Contra Costa County, and FORWARD to the Board of Supervisors for their information. (Corinna Espino, CSEC Services Program Coordinator, EHSD; Mélody Saint-Saëns, Alliance to End Abuse Division Manager, EHSD; Alana Mathews, Assistant District Attorney, Contra Costa District Attorney’s Office) 24-1736 2024 Anti-Human Trafficking ReportAttachments: 8.CONSIDER accepting the annual reports on the Policy Options for Protecting Youth from Tobacco Influences in the Retail Environment and the Secondhand Smoke Protections ordinances, and directing staff to forward the reports to the Board of Supervisors for their information, as recommended by the Health Services Department and Public Health Officer. (Sefanit Mekuria, MD, MPH, Deputy Health Officer; and Mayra Lopez, Tobacco Prevention Program Manager) 24-1737 Tobacco Prevention Program Presentation Report on the Tobacco Retail Licensing Ordinance Report on the Secondhand Smoke Protections Ordinance Attachments: The next meeting is currently scheduled for July 22, 2024. Adjourn General Information This meeting provides reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities planning to attend a the meetings. Contact the staff person listed below at least 72 hours before the meeting. Any disclosable public records related to an open session item on a regular meeting agenda and distributed by the County to a majority of members of the Committee less than 96 hours prior to that meeting are available for public inspection at 1025 Escobar St., 4th Floor, Martinez, during normal business hours. Staff reports related to items on the agenda are also accessible on line at www.co.contra-costa.ca.us. HOW TO PROVIDE PUBLIC COMMENT: Persons who wish to address the Committee during public comment on matters within the jurisdiction of the Committee that are not on the agenda, or who wish to comment with respect to an item on the agenda, may comment in person, via Zoom, or via call-in. Those participating in person should offer comments when invited by the Committee Chair. Those participating via Zoom should indicate they wish to speak by using the “raise your hand” feature in the Zoom app. Those calling in should indicate they wish to speak by pushing *9 on their phones. Public comments generally will be limited to two (2) minutes per speaker. In the interest of facilitating the business of the Board Committee, the total amount of time that a member of the public may use in addressing the Board Committee on all agenda items is 10 minutes. Your patience is appreciated. Public comments may also be submitted to Committee staff before the meeting by email or by voicemail. Comments submitted by email or voicemail will be included in the record of the meeting but will not be read or played aloud during the meeting. Page 2 of 3 3 Family and Human Services Committee AGENDA June 24, 2024 For Additional Information Contact: Danielle Fokkema (925) 655-2047 Page 3 of 3 4 CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Staff Report 1025 ESCOBAR STREET MARTINEZ, CA 94553 File #:24-1732 Agenda Date:6/24/2024 Agenda #:3. FAMILY & HUMAN SERVICES COMMITTEE Meeting Date:June 24, 2024 Subject:Record of Action for May 20, 2024 Submitted For:Family and Human Services Committee Department:County Administrator Referral No:N/A Referral Name:N/A Presenter:Danielle Fokkema, Sr. Deputy County Administrator Contact:Danielle Fokkema, (925) 655-2047 Referral History: County Ordinance requires that each County body keep a record of its meetings. Though the record need not be verbatim, it must accurately reflect the agenda and the decisions made in the meeting. Referral Update: Attached is the record of action for the May 20, 2024, Family and Human Services Committee meeting. Recommendation(s)/Next Step(s): RECEIVE and APPROVE the Record of Action for the May 20, 2024, Family and Human Services Committee meeting. Fiscal Impact (if any): There is no fiscal impact. CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Printed on 6/18/2024Page 1 of 1 powered by Legistar™5 Meeting Minutes - Draft CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Family and Human Services Committee Supervisor Ken Carlson, Chair Supervisor Candace Andersen, Vice Chair https://cccounty-us.zoom.us/j/6976096783? | USA 888-278-0254 Conference code: 382517 10:30 AM309 Diablo Rd., Danville | 2255 Contra Costa Blvd., Suite 202, Pleasant Hill | https://cccounty-us.zoom.us/j/6976096783? pwd=M0RwNm1kTWF6SGlPbkE5T3E2RWR DUT09&omn=89701211859 | USA 888-278-0254 Conference code: 382517 Monday, May 20, 2024 The public may attend this meeting in person at either above location . The public may also attend this meeting remotely via Zoom or call-in. Supervisor Carlson called the meeting to order at 10:38 a.m. Agenda Items: Items may be taken out of order based on the business of the day and preference of the Committee. 1.Introductions 2.Public comment on any item under the jurisdiction of the Committee and not on this agenda (speakers may be limited to two (2) minutes). No one requested to speak during general public comment. 3.RECEIVE and APPROVE the Record of Action for the March 25, 2024 Family and Human Services Committee (FHS) meeting. (Danielle Fokkema, FHS Staff) 24-1443 Attachments:Draft ROA 3.25.24 The Committee approved the Record of Action from the March 25, 2024 meeting as presented. 4.CONSIDER recommending to the Board of Supervisors the appointment of Nakenya Allen to the At-Large #8 Seat and Christy Lam‐Julian to the At-Large #9 on the Contra Costa Commission for Women and Girls for a term expiring February 28, 2027, as recommended by the Commission. (Lara DeLaney, Sr. Deputy County Administrator) 24-1444 Attachments:Allen, Nakenya (CCWG) 07-09-23_Redacted Lam-Julian, Christy (CCCWG) 02-05-24_Redacted CCCWG Roster 5.14.24 The Committee approved the appointments for the Board of Supervisors approval as Page 1 of 4 6 Family and Human Services Committee Meeting Minutes - Draft May 20, 2024 recommended. 5.CONSIDER recommending to the Board of Supervisors the appointment of Jarrod Bolliger to the Alternate #2 seat and Nicola Lopez to the Alternate #3 seat on the Advisory Council on Aging (ACOA), as recommended by the Employment and Human Services Director. (Ana Bagtas, ACOA Staff) 24-1445 Attachments:ACOA Roster for FHS - Master Bolliger Jarrod (ACOA) 11-15-23_Redacted Lopez, Nicola (ACOA) 03-01-24_Redacted The Committee approved the appointments for the Board of Supervisors approval as recommended. 6.CONSIDER recommending to the Board of Supervisors the appointment of Janelle Lafrades to the Low Income #2 seat with a term ending on July 1, 2024 and Nicola Lopez to the Private/Non-Profit Sector #3 seat and Monisha Merchant to the Private/Non-Profit Sector Alternate #1 seat with terms ending on June 30, 2025 on the Contra Costa Economic Opportunity Council, as recommended by the Employment and Human Services Director. (Christina Reich, EOC Staff) 24-1446 Attachments:ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY COUNCIL ROSTER AS OF 3-15-24 2. J Lafrades redacted application 3.N Lopez_Redacted application Monisha Merchant Redacted App for Reappointment 2023 The Committee approved the appointments for the Board of Supervisors approval as recommended. 7.CONSIDER approving the funding recommendations for FY 2024/25 Community Development Block Grant - Public Sector category and Emergency Solutions Grant projects, and directing staff to prepare a report inclusive of the FHS recommendations for Board of Supervisors approval . (Gabriel Lemus, Department of Conservation and Development Assistant Deputy Director) 24-1447 Attachments:FY 2024-25 PS and ESG Funding Recommendations The Committee approved the funding recommendations as recommended and approved staff forwarding it to the Board of Supervisors for their information . 8.CONSIDER approving the funding recommendations for Measure X Housing Fund affordable housing and homelessness prevention projects and directing staff to forward the recommendations to the Board of Supervisors for their information. (Gabriel Lemus, Assistant Deputy Director, Department of Conservation and Development, and Jamie Schecter, Homeless Services Chief, Contra Costa Health – Health, Housing, and Homeless Services) 24-1448 Attachments:Measure X Funding Recommendations The Committee approved the funding recommendations as recommended and approved staff forwarding it to the Board of Supervisors for their information . Page 2 of 4 7 Family and Human Services Committee Meeting Minutes - Draft May 20, 2024 9.CONSIDER accepting the report from the Employment and Human Services Department (EHSD) on SNAP/CalFresh and directing staff to forward the report to the Board of Supervisors for their information, as recommended by the EHSD Director. (Angela Bullock-Hayes, Workforce Services Director) 24-1097 Attachments:2024 FHS CalFresh Presentation 4.5.2024 The Committee accepted the report and approved staff forwarding it to the Board of Supervisors for their information. 10.CONSIDER accepting the Annual Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act Report from the Employment and Human Services Department (EHSD) and directing staff to forward the report to the Board of Supervisors for their information, as recommended by the EHSD Director. (Tamia Brown, Executive Director) 24-1449 Attachments:WDB Report 2024 The Committee accepted the report and approved staff forwarding it to the Board of Supervisors for their information. The next meeting is currently scheduled for June 24, 2024. Adjourn The meeting was adjourned at 11:43 a.m. General Information This meeting provides reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities planning to attend a the meetings. Contact the staff person listed below at least 72 hours before the meeting. Any disclosable public records related to an open session item on a regular meeting agenda and distributed by the County to a majority of members of the Committee less than 96 hours prior to that meeting are available for public inspection at 1025 Escobar St., 4th Floor, Martinez, during normal business hours. Staff reports related to items on the agenda are also accessible on line at www.co.contra-costa.ca.us. HOW TO PROVIDE PUBLIC COMMENT: Persons who wish to address the Committee during public comment on matters within the jurisdiction of the Committee that are not on the agenda, or who wish to comment with respect to an item on the agenda, may comment in person, via Zoom, or via call-in. Those participating in person should offer comments when invited by the Committee Chair. Those participating via Zoom should indicate they wish to speak by using the “raise your hand” feature in the Zoom app. Those calling in should indicate they wish to speak by pushing *9 on their phones. Public comments generally will be limited to two (2) minutes per speaker. In the interest of facilitating the business of the Board Committee, the total amount of time that a member of the public may use in addressing the Board Committee on all agenda items is 10 minutes. Your patience is appreciated. Public comments may also be submitted to Committee staff before the meeting by email or by voicemail. Comments submitted by email or voicemail will be included in the record of the meeting but will not be read or played aloud during the meeting. For Additional Information Contact: Danielle Fokkema (925) 655-2047 Page 3 of 4 8 Family and Human Services Committee Meeting Minutes - Draft May 20, 2024 Page 4 of 4 9 CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Staff Report 1025 ESCOBAR STREET MARTINEZ, CA 94553 File #:24-1733 Agenda Date:6/24/2024 Agenda #:4. FAMILY & HUMAN SERVICES COMMITTEE Meeting Date:June 24, 2024 Subject:Appointments to the Local Planning and Advisory Council for Early Care and Education (LPC) Submitted For:Monica Nino, County Administrator Department:County Administrator Referral No:N/A Referral Name:N/A Presenter:Chanele Green, LPC staff Contact:Danielle Fokkema, (925) 655-2047 Referral History: The review of applications for appointments to the Contra Costa Local Planning Council for Child Care and Development was originally referred to the Family and Human Services Committee by the Board of Supervisors on April 22, 1997. The Local Planning and Advisory Council for Early Care and Education (LPC) coordinates programs and services affecting early childcare and education, including recommendations for the allocation of federal funds to local early childcare and education programs. The LPC consists of 20 members: 4 consumer representatives - a parent or person who receives or has received child care services in the past 36 months; 4 child care providers - a person who provides child care services or represents persons who provide child care services; 4 public agency representatives - a person who represents a city, county, city and county, or local education agency; 4 community representatives - a person who represents an agency or business that provides private funding for child care services or who advocates for child care services through participation in civic or community based organizations; and 4 discretionary appointees - a person appointed from any of the above four categories or outside of those categories at the discretion of the appointing agencies. Referral Update: The Local Planning and Advisory Council for Early Care and Education has reviewed the attached applications and determined that the applicants meet the eligibility requirements and request that the Family and Human Services Committee recommend the appointment of Mackenzie Whipps to the Public Agency #4 - East County seat and the reappointment Amy Mockoski to the Discretionary Appointee #2 - Central/South County seat on the LPC with terms ending April 30, 2027. Recommendation(s)/Next Step(s): RECOMMEND to the Board of Supervisors the appointment of Mackenzie Whipps to the Public Agency #4 - East County seat and the reappointment Amy Mockoski to the Discretionary Appointee #2 - Central/South CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Printed on 6/18/2024Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™10 File #:24-1733 Agenda Date:6/24/2024 Agenda #:4. County seat on the Local Planning and Advisory Council for Early Care and Education, with terms ending April 30, 2027. Fiscal Impact (if any): There is no fiscal impact for this action. CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Printed on 6/18/2024Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™11 Submit Date: May 15, 2024 F s Na e M dd e a Las Na e Ho e Add ess Su e o Ap C y S a e os a Code a y o e E a Add ess E p oye Job e Contra Costa County Boards & Commissions Application Form Profile District Locator Tool Resident of Supervisorial District: District 5 Length of Employment 20 years Do you work in Contra Costa County? Yes No If Yes, in which District do you work? District 5 How long have you lived or worked in Contra Costa County? worked- 20 years, lived- 8 years Are you a veteran of the U.S. Armed Forces? Yes No Board and Interest Which Boards would you like to apply for? Local Planning and Advisory Council for Early Care and Education (LPC): Submitted Amy A Mockoski Martinez CA 94553 Contra Costa County Library Librarian III- Youth Services Amy A Mockoski 12 Seat Name Discretionary Appointee 2 - Central/South County Have you ever attended a meeting of the advisory board for which you are applying? Yes No If Yes, how many meetings have you attended? Many- served the previous three year term and attended previously periodically as a guest Education Select the option that applies to your high school education * High School Diploma College/ University A Name of College Attended Cabrillo Community College Degree Type / Course of Study / Major General Education Degree Awarded? Yes No College/ University B Name of College Attended University of California Santa Cruz Degree Type / Course of Study / Major BA- Art History Degree Awarded? Yes No College/ University C Name of College Attended San Jose State University Amy A Mockoski 13 Up oad a Resu e Degree Type / Course of Study / Major Masters of Library and Information Science Degree Awarded? Yes No Other Trainings & Occupational Licenses Other Training A Certificate Awarded for Training? Yes No Other Training B Certificate Awarded for Training? Yes No Occupational Licenses Completed: Qualifications and Volunteer Experience Please explain why you would like to serve on this particular board, commitee, or commission. As the Librarian III for Youth Services for Contra Costa County Library I am very interested in early care and education. Before children ever attend school they need to practice good early literacy skills with trusted adults in order to be ready for school and their futures. Early care with well-trained, adequately paid and caring adults is crucial for the future of the county where I work, live and raise my children. Describe your qualifications for this appointment. (NOTE: you may also include a copy of your resume with this application) I have worked as a Librarian specializing in youth services in Contra Costa County for over twenty years and in my current position I am responsible for coordinating all of the services and programs for children and families at the county level. I have a Masters in Library Science and my expertise lies in early literacy practices for children 0-3rd grade. I am raising my two sons in Martinez and they attend public schools in the Mount Diablo School District. One of my sons is neuro-divergent and receives special education services. I care deeply about education in this county for professional and personal reasons and I believe the work of the LPC helps to promote and support early care and education for the kids in our county of the greatest need. Amy A Mockoski 14 Would you like to be considered for appointment to other advisory bodies for which you may be qualified? Yes No Do you have any obligations that might affect your attendance at scheduled meetings? Yes No If Yes, please explain: Are you currently or have you ever been appointed to a Contra Costa County advisory board? Yes No If Yes, please list the Contra Costa County advisory board(s) on which you are currently serving: Local Planning and Advisory Council for Early Care and Education (LPC) If Yes, please also list the Contra Costa County advisory board(s) on which you have previously served: N/A List any volunteer or community experience, including any advisory boards on which you have served. Currently serve on the Policy Council for Head Start as a community representative. Conflict of Interest and Certification Do you have a familial or financial relationship with a member of the Board of Supervisors? (Please refer to the relationships listed under the "Important Information" section below or Resolution No. 2021/234) Yes No If Yes, please identify the nature of the relationship: Do you have any financial relationships with the County such as grants, contracts, or other economic relationships? Yes No If Yes, please identify the nature of the relationship: Amy A Mockoski 15 Please Agree with the Following Statement I CERTIFY that the statements made by me in this application are true, complete, and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief, and are made in good faith. I acknowledge and undersand that all information in this application is publicly accessible. I understand that misstatements and/or omissions of material fact may cause forfeiture of my rights to serve on a board, committee, or commission in Contra Costa County. I Agree Important Information 1. This application and any attachments you provide to it is a public document and is subject to the California Public Records Act (CA Government Code §6250-6270). 2. All members of appointed bodies are required to take the advisory body training provided by Contra Costa County. 3. Members of certain boards, commissions, and committees may be required to: (1) file a Statement of Economic Interest Form also known as a Form 700, and (2) complete the State Ethics Training Course as required by AB 1234. 4. Meetings may be held in various locations and some locations may not be accessible by public transportation. 5. Meeting dates and times are subject to change and may occur up to two (2) days per month. 6. Some boards, committees, or commissions may assign members to subcommittees or work groups which may require an additional commitment of time. 7. As indicated in Board Resolution 2021/234, a person will not be eligible for appointment if he/she is related to a Board of Supervisors' member in any of the following relationships: (1) Mother, father, son, and daughter; (2) Brother, sister, grandmother, grandfather, grandson, and granddaughter; (3) Husband, wife, father-in-law, mother-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, stepson, and stepdaughter; (4) Registered domestic partner, pursuant to California Family Code section 297; (5) The relatives, as defined in 1 and 2 above, for a registered domestic partner; (6) Any person with whom a Board Member shares a financial interest as defined in the Political Reform Act (Gov't Code §87103, Financial Interest), such as a business partner or business associate. Amy A Mockoski 16 Submit Date: May 13, 2024 F s Na e M dd e a Las Na e Ho e Add ess Su e o Ap C y S a e os a Code a y o e E a Add ess E p oye Job e Contra Costa County Boards & Commissions Application Form Profile District Locator Tool Resident of Supervisorial District: District 4 Length of Employment 2 months Do you work in Contra Costa County? Yes No If Yes, in which District do you work? District 4 How long have you lived or worked in Contra Costa County? 3 years Are you a veteran of the U.S. Armed Forces? Yes No Board and Interest Which Boards would you like to apply for? Local Planning and Advisory Council for Early Care and Education (LPC): Submitted Mackenzie DM Whipps Walnut Creek CA 94596 First 5 Contra Costa Early Childhood Program Officer Mackenzie DM Whipps 17 Seat Name Public Agency Representative - East County Have you ever attended a meeting of the advisory board for which you are applying? Yes No If Yes, how many meetings have you attended? Education Select the option that applies to your high school education * High School Diploma College/ University A Name of College Attended University of Maryland, Baltimore County Degree Type / Course of Study / Major Bachelor of Science, Psychology Degree Awarded? Yes No College/ University B Name of College Attended New York University Degree Type / Course of Study / Major Doctor of Philosophy, Psychology and Social Intervention Degree Awarded? Yes No College/ University C Name of College Attended Degree Type / Course of Study / Major Mackenzie DM Whipps 18 Up oad a Resu e Degree Awarded? Yes No Other Trainings & Occupational Licenses Other Training A Certificate Awarded for Training? Yes No Other Training B Certificate Awarded for Training? Yes No Occupational Licenses Completed: Qualifications and Volunteer Experience Please explain why you would like to serve on this particular board, commitee, or commission. As an incoming Early Childhood Program Officer for First 5 Contra Costa, I wish to apply to represent our organization in the LPC. Describe your qualifications for this appointment. (NOTE: you may also include a copy of your resume with this application) Please see attached resume for additional qualifications. Would you like to be considered for appointment to other advisory bodies for which you may be qualified? Yes No Do you have any obligations that might affect your attendance at scheduled meetings? Yes No If Yes, please explain: Full time employment at First 5 Contra Costa. Mackenzie DM Whipps 19 Are you currently or have you ever been appointed to a Contra Costa County advisory board? Yes No If Yes, please list the Contra Costa County advisory board(s) on which you are currently serving: If Yes, please also list the Contra Costa County advisory board(s) on which you have previously served: List any volunteer or community experience, including any advisory boards on which you have served. Conflict of Interest and Certification Do you have a familial or financial relationship with a member of the Board of Supervisors? (Please refer to the relationships listed under the "Important Information" section below or Resolution No. 2021/234) Yes No If Yes, please identify the nature of the relationship: Do you have any financial relationships with the County such as grants, contracts, or other economic relationships? Yes No If Yes, please identify the nature of the relationship: Please Agree with the Following Statement I CERTIFY that the statements made by me in this application are true, complete, and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief, and are made in good faith. I acknowledge and undersand that all information in this application is publicly accessible. I understand that misstatements and/or omissions of material fact may cause forfeiture of my rights to serve on a board, committee, or commission in Contra Costa County. I Agree Important Information Mackenzie DM Whipps 20 1. This application and any attachments you provide to it is a public document and is subject to the California Public Records Act (CA Government Code §6250-6270). 2. All members of appointed bodies are required to take the advisory body training provided by Contra Costa County. 3. Members of certain boards, commissions, and committees may be required to: (1) file a Statement of Economic Interest Form also known as a Form 700, and (2) complete the State Ethics Training Course as required by AB 1234. 4. Meetings may be held in various locations and some locations may not be accessible by public transportation. 5. Meeting dates and times are subject to change and may occur up to two (2) days per month. 6. Some boards, committees, or commissions may assign members to subcommittees or work groups which may require an additional commitment of time. 7. As indicated in Board Resolution 2021/234, a person will not be eligible for appointment if he/she is related to a Board of Supervisors' member in any of the following relationships: (1) Mother, father, son, and daughter; (2) Brother, sister, grandmother, grandfather, grandson, and granddaughter; (3) Husband, wife, father-in-law, mother-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, stepson, and stepdaughter; (4) Registered domestic partner, pursuant to California Family Code section 297; (5) The relatives, as defined in 1 and 2 above, for a registered domestic partner; (6) Any person with whom a Board Member shares a financial interest as defined in the Political Reform Act (Gov't Code §87103, Financial Interest), such as a business partner or business associate. Mackenzie DM Whipps 21 MACKENZIE D.M. WHIPPS EDUCATION New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development | New York, NY May 2020 Ph.D. in Psychology and Social Intervention, with a concentration in Maternal-Infant Health Intervention; GPA: 3.98 • Awards: Mitchell Leaska Dissertation Award (recognizing exceptional dissertation research); Bernard R. Ackerman Award (recognizing promise in research and advocacy); Philip Zlatchin Award (recognizing service to vulnerable communities) University of Maryland, Baltimore County | Baltimore, MD May 2008 B.Sc. in Psychology, Minors in Biology and Political Science; GPA: 4.00; summa cum laude (top 5% of class) • Awards: Psychology Department Distinguished Scholar Award; Apex Scholarship (recognizing excellence in leadership) RELEVANT EXPERIENCE Prenatal-to-3 Policy Impact Center, Peabody College at Vanderbilt University | Remote July 2022 – Feb 2024 Senior Research Associate • Leading several simultaneous research and evaluation projects, including: theory development and policy tracking for child care system transformation efforts in New Mexico; mapping geographic disparities in child care supply and demand in Davidson County, Tennessee; and evaluating a pilot community connection and referral program to strengthen families in Connecticut • Co-leading the design of digital media products and data visualizations to effectively communicate scientific findings • Supervising multiple teams of graduate students, staff researchers, data analysts , and communications staff • Collaborating with advocates, policymakers, academics, and analysts to inform Center-wide strategy and proposal development Health Equity Across the Lifespan (HEAL) Lab, Dept of Human Ecology at UC Davis | Remote Dec. 2020 – June 2022 Postdoctoral Fellow • Developed and launched the impact and implementation evaluation of Welcome Baby, a universal nurse home visiting and community referral program for low-income birthing families in Yolo County, California • Collaborated closely with First Five Yolo County to co-create a community-engaged, mixed-methods evaluation plan • Assisted in managing a state-wide RCT of an app-based, mHealth platform for 500 birthing people, including medical data collection and analysis, manuscript preparation, and presentation of findings to academic and lay audiences Transitions Mother-Baby Lab, New York University | New York, NY Sep. 2016 – May 2020 Principal Investigator • Analyzed qualitative and quantitative data from longitudinal, national surveys and in-depth interviews to understand the diversity of breastfeeding trajectories and policy contexts in US birth hospitals • Trained and managed a team of 12 research assistants in semi-structured interviewing, transcription, and qualitative coding • Founded the Breastfeeding Students Empowerment Network of NYU, moderated peer-to-peer breastfeeding support, and led the creation and adoption of a new student-facing lactation policy impacting NYU’s 60,000+ students Smart Beginnings Lab, NYU Steinhardt and NYU School of Medicine | New York, NY Sep. 2016 – May 2019 Graduate Research Associate • Evaluated impact of an integrated model promoting positive parenting and early school readiness in pediatric primary care clinics • Led data analyses and writing, especially for subgroup analysis, spillover effects, and program innovation and fidelity using mixed- method approaches Birth Doula, Postpartum Doula, and Certified Lactation Counselor | NY, CA, and MD Feb 2011 – Present Independent Practitioner • Received CLC certification (45 CE hours) in 2016; completed DONA birth doula training (18 CE hours) in 201 1 • Providing patient advocacy, timely information, and bedside support for families during the childbearing year • Providing information and hands-on skills training to families learning how to breastfeed and troubleshoot infant feeding challenges; CLC work is pro-bono and often integrated with postpartum doula work ADDITIONAL INFORMATION • Technical Programming Competencies: STATA, Qualtrics, SPSS, NVivo, Mplus, Excel, ArcGIS, Infogram, Salesforce • Hobbies: birth photography, bird watching, themed party planning, reading biographies and ethnographies 22 CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Staff Report 1025 ESCOBAR STREET MARTINEZ, CA 94553 File #:24-1734 Agenda Date:6/24/2024 Agenda #:5. FAMILY & HUMAN SERVICES COMMITTEE Meeting Date:June 24, 2024 Subject:Appointments to the Economic Opportunity Council Submitted For:Marla Stuart, Director Department:Employment and Human Services Referral No:N/A Referral Name:N/A Presenter:Christina Reich, Division Manager Contact:Danielle Fokkema, (925) 655-2047 Referral History: On January 7, 2020, the Board of Supervisors adopted Resolution No. 2020/1 adopting policy amendments governing appointments to boards, committees, and commissions that are advisory to the Board of Supervisors. Included in this resolution was a requirement that applications for at-large/countywide seats be reviewed by a Board of Supervisors committee. The Economic Opportunity Council (EOC) is a tripartite advisory board to the Board of Supervisors and the Employment and Human Services Department, Community Services Bureau for Contra Costa County administration of the Community Services Block Grant (CSBG). The duties and responsibilities of the EOC include: reviewing fiscal and programmatic reports submitted by Community Services Bureau (CSB) staff; reviewing performance of Community Services Block Grant contractors and the Weatherization program services; selecting EOC officers and appointing members to committees; making recommendations to the County Board of Supervisors on all proposals and budgets related to Community Services Block Grant and Weatherization programs; and requiring and receiving budget and other reports prepared by CSB staff every other month along with an Annual Report. The Economic Opportunity Council includes 15 members and 2 alternates, divided equally among three "sectors”, the Public Sector, the Low-income Sector, and the Private/Non-Profit Sector. There are 5 Public Sector seats; five (5) Low-Income Sector seats and one (1) Low-Income Sector alternate seat; and five (5) Private/Non-Profit Sector seats plus one (1) Private/Non-Profit Sector Alternate seat. Referral Update: The reappointments were approved and recommended by the Economic Opportunity Council (EOC) on April 11, 2024. The Economic Opportunity Council (EOC) recommends the following individuals for reappointment with terms expiring on June 30, 2026: CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Printed on 6/18/2024Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™23 File #:24-1734 Agenda Date:6/24/2024 Agenda #:5. ·Patricia Campbell - Private/Non-Profit Seat 1 ·Victor Tiglao - Low Income Seat 4 Recommendation(s)/Next Step(s): RECOMMEND to the Board of Supervisors the reappointment of the following individuals with terms expiring on June 30, 2026: ·Patricia Campbell - Private/Non-Profit Seat 1 ·Victor Tiglao - Low Income Seat 4 Fiscal Impact (if any): There is no fiscal impact for this action. CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Printed on 6/18/2024Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™24 EOC ROSTER – JUNE 2024 SEAT MEMBER TERM ENDING Public Sector I Melissa Swanson June 30, 2026 Public Sector II Renee Zeimer June 30, 2026 Public Sector III LaTonia Peoples-Stokes June 30, 2025 Public Sector IV Ajit Kaushal June 30, 2027 Public Sector V Kanwar Singh June 30, 2025 Private Non-Profit 1 Patricia Campbell June 30, 2026 (in process) Private Non-Profit 2 Karen Coleman June 30, 2025 Private Non-Profit 3 Nicola Lopez June 30, 2025 Private Non-Profit 4 Karanbir Bal June 30, 2026 (in process) Private Non-Profit 5 Devlyn Sewell June 30, 2025 Private Non-Profit Alt. 1 Monisha Merchant June 30, 2026 Private Non-Profit Alt. 2 VACANT Low Income 1 Janelle Lafrades June 30, 2026 Low Income 2 VACANT Low Income 3 Desire Medlen June 30, 2025 Low Income 4 Victor Tiglao June 30, 2026 (in process) Low Income 5 VACANT Low Income Alt. 1 VACANT Low Income Alt. 2 VACANT 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Staff Report 1025 ESCOBAR STREET MARTINEZ, CA 94553 File #:24-1735 Agenda Date:6/24/2024 Agenda #:6. FAMILY & HUMAN SERVICES COMMITTEE Meeting Date:June 24, 2024 Subject:Council on Homelessness 2024 Quarter 1 Report Submitted For:Anna Roth, Health Services Director Department:Health Services Referral No:5 Referral Name:Homeless Continuum of Care - Quarterly Report Presenter:Jaime Jenett, Health Services Community Engagement Specialist Contact:Danielle Fokkema, (925) 655-2047 Referral History: In November 2014, the Board approved “Forging Ahead Towards Preventing and Ending Homelessness: An Update to Contra Costa’s 2004 Strategic Plan”, that renewed the County's 2004 plan with the latest data, best practices, and community feedback and reaffirmed the County's commitment to the Housing First approach. As such, “Forging Ahead” establishes this guiding principle: “Homelessness is first a housing issue, and necessary supports and services are critical to help people remain housed. Our system must be nimble and flexible enough to respond through shared responsibility, accountability, and transparency of the community.” The Strategic Plan Update identifies two goals: 1) Decrease the length of time people experience homelessness by focusing on providing Permanent Housing and Services; and 2) Decrease the percentage of people who become homeless by providing Prevention activities. To achieve these goals, three strategies emerged: ·Implement a coordinated entry/assessment system to streamline access to housing and services while addressing barriers, getting the right resources to the right people at the right time; and ·Use best, promising , and most effective practices to give the consumer the best possible experience through the strategic use of resources; and ·Develop the most effective platforms to provide access, support advocacy, and connect to the community about homelessness and available resources. The Contra Costa Council on Homelessness (COH), a Board of Supervisors appointed body, provides advice and input on the operations of homeless services, program operations, and program development efforts in the County. The COH establishes the local process for applying, reviewing and prioritizing project applications for funding in the HUD Homeless Assistance Grant Competitions, including the Continuum of Care (CoC) Program and the Emergency Solutions Grant Program. CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Printed on 6/18/2024Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™34 File #:24-1735 Agenda Date:6/24/2024 Agenda #:6. The County Health, Housing and Homeless Services Division (H3) of the Health Services Department partners with the COH to develop and carry out an annual action plan that identifies the objectives and benchmarks related to each of the goals and strategies of Forging Ahead. Further, H3 incorporates the strategic plan goals into its own delivery system of comprehensive services, interim housing and permanent supportive housing as well as contracting with community agencies to provide additional homeless services and housing with the goal of ending homelessness in our community. The Council submitted its last quarterly report (2023-Q4) to the Family and Human Services Committee on February 26, 2024, which was later approved and accepted by the Board of Supervisors at their March 5, 2024 meeting. Referral Update: Please see the attached Council on Homelessness Quarter 1 report for updates. Recommendation(s)/Next Step(s): ACCEPT the Council on Homelessness Quarter 1 report, and DIRECT staff to forward the report to the Board of Supervisors for their information. Fiscal Impact (if any): There is no fiscal impact for this action. CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Printed on 6/18/2024Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™35 STAFF REPORT FROM THE CONTRA COSTA COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS Contra Costa County Homeless System of Care Quarterly Report for Quarter 1, 2024 (January - March) LETTER FROM THE CHAIR AND VICE CHAIR Dear Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors, As we reflect on the first quarter of this year, we can see that there is much to be grateful for. While we had heavy rain the morning of our Point in Time Count on January 24th, our system did not have to respond to the same type of weather-related emergencies we had this time last year. In addition to being notified of an award of close to $20 million in the annual HUD CoC competition, we also learned we received the highest possible score on the CoC application! We also were fortunate enough to hear and learn from community members and stake holders through a number of community input sessions. We look forward to seeing what next quarter brings for our system of care and thank you, as always for your support. Sincerely, Wayne Earl, Chair of the Council on Homelessness Juno Hedrick, Vice Chair of the Council on Homelessness 36 COH QUARTERLY REPORT 2 INTRODUCTION The Contra Costa Council on Homelessness (CoH) is the governing and oversight body for the County homeless Continuum of Care (CoC) and is appointed by the Board of Supervisors. The Council provides advice and input to the Board of Supervisors on the operations of homeless services, program operations, and program development efforts in Contra Costa County. The Contra Costa Council on Homelessness is the governing body for the Contra Costa County Continuum of Care (CoC). The Contra Costa CoC is comprised of multiple partners, including service providers, members of faith communities, local businesses, private and public funders, community members, education systems and law enforcement, and others who are working collaboratively to end homelessness. The COH and COC are supported by Contra Costa Health - Health, Housing & Homeless Services (H3) Division. H3 functions as the CoC administrative entity and collaborative applicant, CoC Lead Agency and Homeless Management Information System (HMIS database) Lead Agency. The purpose of this report is to share information about the CoC and COH activities with the Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors and to provide recommendations from the COH to the County Board of Supervisors on long range planning and policy formulation that would support the county homeless CoC. This report includes information on system data, funding and policy activities, and CoC initiatives. All information will reflect activities and data for the prior quarter. This report was produced on behalf of the CoH by H3 in collaboration with the CoH and CoC partners. SYSTEM FUNDING This quarter the CoC continued to evaluate the system of care and pursued funding opportunities to address the gaps in Contra Costa’s homeless system, including our largest source of funding, the Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Continuum of Care (CoC) Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO). FEDERAL HUD NOFO: The Continuum of Care (CoC) program is a program of the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development, designed to promote a community-wide commitment to ending homelessness; to provide funding for efforts by nonprofit providers, states, and local governments to quickly re-house the homeless and minimize the trauma and dislocation caused by homelessness; to promote access to and utilization of mainstream programs by the homeless; and to optimize self-sufficiency among those experiencing homelessness. In January, 37 COH QUARTERLY REPORT 3 Contra Costa received notification that it was granted $19,300,140 in the annual CoC competition and that we received the highest possible score on the CoC application! STATE Homeless, Housing and Assistance Program (HHAP): HHAP grant through the California Interagency Council on Homelessness (Cal-ICH) that provides local jurisdictions, including federally recognized tribal governments, with flexible funding to continue efforts to end and prevent homelessness in their communities. In this quarter, H3, on behalf of the County and CoC, hosted three public meetings to received feedback on the HHAP-5 regional action plan and submitted the application to Cal-ICH. Over 100 stakeholders provided input to the regional action plan. Encampment Resolution Grant (ERG): H3 applied for one ERG grant through the California Interagency Council on Homelessness (Cal-ICH) targeting encampments across the county. The Council on Homelessness provided a letter of support for this application. SYSTEM INITI ATIVES The CoC regularly engages in multiple activities, partnerships, evaluations, and improvement that are designed to improve services to clients and achieve various system goals. Equity: The Equity Committee goal is “By Dec 31, 2024, Equity Committee will have provided equity focused input to all COH committees and Working Groups, partnered on equity focused projects and strengthened relationships with partners essential to increasing equity.” Progress this quarter includes: • Providing Input to all COH Committees and Working Groups: Provided input on Funding Committee and Governance Committee items. • Partnering on Equity-Focused Projects: Continued to focus on building out materials designed to provide information to people experiencing homelessness, particularly Latinos. Will continue to strongly engage Latino-serving partners for feedback and distribution. • Strengthening Relationships With Equity Partners: Will have presentation by Reentry provider next quarter to increase knowledge of reentry system and where it intersects with the homeless system of care Engagement of People with Lived Experience of Homelessness (PWLE): This quarter the Council on Homelessness elected a Chair (Wayne Earl) and Vice Chair (Juno Hedrick), both of whom have a lived experience of homelessness. Continue to engage PWLE in materials development. Youth and Young Adult Community Needs Assessment: The Council heard a presentation from Matthew Aronson Consulting at their March meeting about the Youth and Young Adult (YYA) 38 COH QUARTERLY REPORT 4 Community Needs Assessment. One of the initial themes was the missing authentic youth partnership at the system level, including opportunities to contribute their expertise and exercise their leadership. Community partners and YYA have been meeting to build out a Youth Action Board (YAB) as a workgroup within the COH’s Oversight Committee. The YAB hybrid meetings started in March with 7-9 YYA and in-person space hosted by the RYSE Center and Rainbow Community Center. Point in Time Count (PIT): On January 24, 2024, with the support of over 150 volunteers, Contra Costa conducted the observational portion of the homeless Point in Time Count. A team of providers, including CORE outreach and People With Lived Experience conducted approximately 400 surveys with people experiencing homelessness to provide additional data. Preliminary data will be released this spring. GOVERNANCE/REPORTING • The Youth Representative selected at the end of 2023 needed to step down from their seat early in 2024, so the Council recruited and nominated a replacement candidate. This candidate is expected to be approved by the Board of Supervisors in April. • The Council selected Wayne Earl as the new Chair and Juno Hedrick as the Vice Chair in January 2024. • Polls conducted at the beginning of each Council on Homelessness regular meetings capture data on # of Council meetings previously attended, lived experience of homelessness and race/ethnicity of attendees. (See Appendix B for Q1 averages.) MEETINGS, TRAININGS AND EVENTS Council on Homelessness (COH) Meetings: The Council on Homelessness held three (3) regular business meetings in addition to an Orientation this quarter. In addition to the regular Council on Homelessness meetings, the following committees met: Committee Purpose Equity Committee Create accessible information, outreach, and educational materials to engage hard to reach or previously unreached communities in Contra Costa County. Funding Committee Direct the community input process for several time-sensitive federal and state funding streams. NOFO prep work that previously happened at the CoC/ESG Committee will now happen at the Funding Committee. 39 COH QUARTERLY REPORT 5 HMIS Policy Committee Develops and shares updates on HMIS policies and practices, compliance, and troubleshooting; Plans technical assistance and training; Informs standards of practice and monitoring Oversight Committee Reviewing and assessing the development, implementation, and improvement of the CoC, Coordinated Entry System, HMIS database, and system outcomes PATH Innovation Committee Work towards the goal of reducing unsheltered homeless in Contra Costa County by 75% . Point in Time Count Committee Plan and implement the annual Point-in-Time Count, an annual HUD-required count of sheltered and unsheltered people experiencing homelessness Trainings • Working with Clients with Criminal Records (1/8/24) • Working with Families with Children or Unaccompanied Minors (2/12/24) • Housing First (3/11/24 Events • CoC Provider Meetings (3) The recordings, minutes and materials for trainings and meetings can be found on the H3 website1 and on the County agenda center2, and a calendar of upcoming meetings and events can be found on the H3 website. RECOMMENDATIONS • In alignment with the California State Association of Counties, support ongoing funding for the Homeless Housing, Assistance and Prevention (HHAP) Program and other critical safety net services that support people experiencing homelessness in Contra Costa County. 1 Trainings | Contra Costa Health (cchealth.org) 2 https://www.contracosta.ca.gov/agendacenter 40 COH QUARTERLY REPORT 6 APPENDIX A Commonly Used Acronyms and Terms Acronym Definition APR Annual Performance Report (for HUD homeless programs) BIPOC Black and Indigenous People of Color CARE Coordinated Assessment and Resource CCYCS Contra Costa Youth Continuum of Services CDBG, CDBG-CV Community Development Block Grant (federal and state programs) and the federal Community Development Block Grant CARES Act coronavirus allocation. CESH California Emergency Solutions and Housing program (state funding) Continuum of Care (CoC) Continuum of Care approach to assistance to the homeless. Federal grant program promoting and funding permanent solutions to homelessness. Con Plan Consolidated Plan, a locally developed plan for housing assistance and urban development under CDBG. CORE Coordinated Outreach Referral, Engagement program COVID-19 Coronavirus DCD (Contra Costa County) Department of Conservation and Development DOC Department Operations Center EHSD (Contra Costa County) Employment and Human Services Division EOC Emergency Operations Center ESG and ESG-CV Emergency Solutions Grant (federal and state program) and the federal Emergency Solutions Grant CARES Act coronavirus allocation. ESG-CV Emergency Solutions Grant CARES FMR Fair Market Rent (maximum rent for Section 8 rental assistance/CoC grants) HCD Housing and Community Development (State office) HEAP Homeless Emergency Aid Program (State funding) HEARTH Homeless Emergency and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act of 2009 HHAP Homeless Housing and Assistance Program HMIS Homeless Management Information System HOME Home Investment Partnerships (CPD program) HUD U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (federal) MHSA Mental Health Services Act NOFA/NOFO Notice of Funding Availability/ Notice of Funding Opportunity PHA Public Housing Authority PUI Persons Under Investigation PWLE People With Lived Experience of Homelessness SAMHSA Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration SRO Single-Room Occupancy housing units SSDI Social Security Disability Income SSI Supplemental Security Income TA Technical Assistance 41 COH QUARTERLY REPORT 7 TAY Transition Age Youth (usually ages 18-24) VA Veterans Affairs (U.S. Department of) VASH Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing VI-SPDAT Vulnerability Index – Service Prioritization Decision Assistance Tool 42 COH QUARTERLY REPORT 8 APPENDIX B Poll Question Answers Q1 How many Council on Homelessness meetings have you attended? Q1 avg This is my first meeting 7% I’ve attended some meetings 25% I’ve attended a lot of meetings 52% I prefer not to answer 0 Do you have lived experience of homelessness? Yes, currently 4% Yes, within the past 7 years 14% Yes, more than 7 years ago 13% No 68% I prefer not to answer 1% What best describes your racial identity?* African American/Black 16% American Indian/Alaskan Native 7% Asian/Pacific Islander/Native Hawaiian 10% Hispanic/Latinx 20% White 37% Multi-racial 7% I prefer not to answer 3% I describe myself in another way 1% *This category allows people to select multiple options 43 COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS PRESENTATION June 24, 2024 44 Q1, 2024 COH REPORT 45 SYSTEM FUNDING •NOFO Federal •HHAP 5 •ERG State 46 SYSTEM INITIATIVES Equity Engagement of PWLE Youth and Young Adult Needs Assessment Point in Time Count 47 RECOMMENDATIONS •In alignment with the California State Association of Counties, support ongoing funding for the Homeless Housing, Assistance and Prevention (HHAP) Program and other critical safety net services that support people experiencing homelessness in Contra Costa County. 48 QUESTIONS? 49 CONTACT Jaime Jenett, Staff to the Council on Homelessness Jaime.jenett@cchealth.org 925 -464-0152 (cell) 50 CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Staff Report 1025 ESCOBAR STREET MARTINEZ, CA 94553 File #:24-1736 Agenda Date:6/24/2024 Agenda #:7. FAMILY & HUMAN SERVICES COMMITTEE Meeting Date:June 24, 2024 Subject:Anti-Human Trafficking Update Submitted For:Marla Stuart, Director Department:Employment and Human Services Referral No:111 Referral Name:Family Justice Centers and Commercially Sexually Exploited Children Presenter:Corinna Espino and Mélody Saint-Saëns, EHSD and Alana Mathews, Contra Costa District Attorney’s Office Contact:Danielle Fokkema, (925) 655-2047 Referral History: On January 6, 2015, the Board of Supervisors approved referring oversight to the Family and Human Services Committee (FHS) on the Family Justice Centers and Commercially Sexually Exploited Children initiatives. This became FHS Referral No. 111. On June 8, 2015, November 14, 2016, February 20, 2018, February 25, 2019, July 27, 2020, and June 28, 2021 FHS received and approved annual reports from the Employment and Human Services Department on the Zero Tolerance for Domestic Violence Initiative, Human Trafficking, Commercially Sexually Exploited Children, and the Family Justice Centers. FHS received an annual update on June 27, 2022 and it was later accepted by the Board at their September 20, 2022 meeting. FHS received the last annual update on June 26, 2023 and it was later discussed and accepted by the Board at their September 12, 2023 meeting. Referral Update: Please see the attached 2024 Report on Anti-Human Trafficking efforts in Contra Costa County. Recommendation(s)/Next Step(s): ACCEPT the 2024 Annual Report on Anti-Human Trafficking efforts in Contra Costa County, and FORWARD to the Board of Supervisors for their information. Fiscal Impact (if any): There is no fiscal impact for this action. CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Printed on 6/18/2024Page 1 of 1 powered by Legistar™51 Anti-Human Trafficking Update June 24, 2024 Corinna Espino, CSEC Services Program Coordinator, Children and Family Services, EHSD Mélody Saint-Saëns, Alliance to End Abuse Division Manager, EHSD Alana Mathews, Assistant District Attorney, Contra Costa District Attorney’s Office; Co-Chair, Contra Costa County Human Trafficking Taskforce 52 Agenda Human Trafficking Overview Roles Data Trends & Gaps Collaboratives & Partnerships Recommendation 2 53 Acronyms Key CA DOJ: California Department of Justice. CalTIPA: California Human Trafficking Investigators and Prosecutors. CFPIC/PACT: Child and Family Policy Institute of California/Preventing and Addressing Child Trafficking Project. DHHS-ACF: Department of Health and Human Services-Administration for Children & Families. ECM TA : Enhanced Collaborative Model Technical Assistance. FBI: Federal Bureau of Investigations. HSI: Homeland Security Investigations. IACP: International Association of Chiefs of Police. JESF: Joint Enforcement Strike Force. LCDAO: Los Angeles County District Attorney’s Office. NCMEC: National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. NHTHL: National Human Trafficking Hotline. USAO: United States Attorneys’ Offices. USDOJ: United States Department of Justice. USDOL: United States Department of Labor. 3 54 Human Trafficking Overview 4 55 From Victim to Survivor to Thriver: Sergio’s* Story “My journey is just beginning. I am compassionate, adaptable,and super smart. Right now, my focus is firmly set on environmental science. Nature has always been my haven, where I find peace and a sense of belonging. I am using the lessons I’ve learned from my challenges to become a leader at my community college, drawing upon past experiences to help others. I also advocate for kids in foster care, deeply personal work, as I’ve experienced similar paths. With acceptance letters from three colleges on the table, deciding where to transfer is my next exciting step. Life is so different than what it used to be. What really made the difference was the genuine care and support I received from adults, who consistently checked in on me to make sure I was okay. I’m looking forward to embracing the opportunities to grow and discover more about myself that lie ahead.” *Name changed and recording voiced by actor for privacy reasons.5 56 What is Human Trafficking? Labor Trafficking (LT) Exploitation of individuals, through force, fraud or coercion so they perform labor or services. Sex Trafficking (ST) Exploitation of individuals, through force, fraud or coercion so they perform commercial sex acts. Child Sex Trafficking a.k.a. Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children/Youth (CSEC/Y). ST of those < 18 years old. Does not require force, fraud or coercion. Child Labor Trafficking LT of those < 18 years old. Requires force, fraud or coercion.Human Trafficking Exploitation of a person for the purpose of compelled sex or labor. 6 57 What Are the Needs of Survivors? Context Proximity Vulnerability Vulnerable people or groups Risk factors Restraining Orders Immigration Family Law Labor/employment law Consumer law, tax law Dependency Vacatur & post-conviction relief Court accompaniment Victim’s rights advocacy Victim Compensation Financial Supports Education, GED, scholarships Job Trainings & Employment Support Work Permits Survivor Basic Health Financial Legal Crisis intervention Safety plan Food Shelter, housing Clothes, toiletries Childcare, family needs Aids, accommodations Transport Language access Medical Treatment Access to Medication Mental Health Dental Substance Use Alcohol Abuse 7 58 Contra Costa HT Response Agencies & Tip Line Community Violence Solutions 24/7 Crisis Line: 1 (800) 670-7273 Children & Family Services Child Abuse Hotline: 1 (877) 881-1116 CSEC Email: CFSCEC@ehsd.cccounty.us Contra Costa Human Trafficking Tip Line Non-Emergency Voicemail: (925) 957-8658 Contra Costa County Family Justice Alliance West County (Richmond): (510) 974-7200 Central County (Concord): (925) 521-6366 East County (Antioch): (925) 281-0970 8 59 Roles 9 60 Implements BOS’ policy to end interpersonal violence (IPV) incl. all forms of HT. Offers backbone support to a county-wide, multi-sector, public- private partnership & multiple collaboratives. Alliance to End Abuse Under Children and Family Services. Identifies children/youth who are, or at risk of becoming, victims of commercial sexual exploitation. Determines appropriate & trauma- informed services. Commercially Sexually Exploited Children (CSEC) Services Program Workforce Services Facilitates access to governmental programs for those in need.  Administers Trafficking & Crime Victim Assistance Program (TCVAP), CalWorks, CalFresh, Medi-Cal, etc. 10 Employment & Human Services Department (EHSD) 1 FTE = $107,280.4 2.45 FTEs = $363,328 (TCVAP) .58 FTE = $90,614 Total Cost to EHSD: $561,222.4 ++ 61 EHSD Contracts FY 2023-24 Funding Team Purpose Organization Amount Alliance to End Abuse Funding specifically for human trafficking prevention and intervention Office of the District Attorney $332,222 Justice at Last $100,000 Alliance to End Abuse Funding for Interpersonal Violence that includes human trafficking Bay Area Legal Aid $87,003 Community Violence Solutions $124,384 Family Justice Center $228,740 Children and Family Services Children’s Interview Center, CSEC program, and human trafficking intervention direct services Community Violence Solutions $312,000* Children and Family Services Search and recovery services Love Never Fails $120,085 Total $1,294,434 11*Note: The CIC contract with CVS includes $122,000 revenue submitted to EHSD from local law enforcement agencies.. 62 12 •Collaborates with LE to identify & investigate cases of HT •Prosecutes HT & HT-related crimes •Seeks restitution to make victims whole •Provides services and support to crime victims through VWAP •Partners on other forms of relief available to HT survivors •Co-Chairs CCHTTF •Provides 24/7/365 crisis line & on-site response •Expertise of trained team of HT case specialists •Offers array of services & programs: crisis intervention, case management, accompaniment, advocacy, counseling, information and referral, financial literacy, etc. •Partners with schools on education & prevention •Co-chairs CCHTTF Mission •Comprehensive services •Exploiter accountability •Education & Prevention •Data-driven approach Key Projects & Initiatives •Survivor Leadership •Vacatur •Interpreters Bureau •Protocols Education, Training & Outreach •Prevention Education •Basic & Advanced Trainings •Strategic Outreach Contra Costa County District Attorney District Attorney’s Office & CCHTTF 63 Data 13 64 EHSD Direct Services Children and Family Services Bureau (CFS) Commercially Sexually Exploited Children (CSEC) Services Program From April 2023 - March 2024, 132 children served. Workforce Services Bureau (WFS) Trafficking and Crime Victim Assistance Program (TCVAP) From January 2023 - December 2023, •55 received TCVAP cash aid •164 received TCVAP CalFresh •$580,374 issued in TCVAP cash aid & CalFresh combined. 14 65 April 2023-March 2024 CSEC/Y* Data *Note: CSEC/Y stands for Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children/Youth. Source: Child Welfare Services/Case Management System (CWS/CMS).15 66 2023 HT MDT* Data *Note: HT MDT stands for Human Trafficking Multidisciplinary Team. Source: HT MDT 2023 Report. 23 Connections Made Justice At Last (1) District Attorney (1) MISSSEY (1) Uplift (1) International Rescue Committee (1) Court Appointed Special Advocates (1) FBI (1) Love Never Fails (1) COFY (1) Public Defender (1) Community Violence Solutions (2) Family Justice Center (2) EHSD Navigator (2) Seneca (2) Children & Family Services (5) + 2 from unknown location or the victim has been reported missing Cases Reviewed by Location By GenderBy Type 16 67 CCHTTF Lead Agencies’ 2023 Data 17 DA & LE Partners Community Violence Solutions 63% 100% 23% 61% 100% 0 50 100 150 200 Safety/Harm Red. Info. & Referral Counseling/Therapy Advocacy/Accompaniment Crisis Intervention Services Provided to HT Survivors N = 185 0 50 100 150 Potential Victims Identified Investigations HT Prosecutions HT-Related Prosecutions 55 40 6 12 11 76 11 24 New Human Trafficking Identifications, Investigations & Prosecutions (CY2023) Sex Labor Sex & Labor Other 143 62 68 Member Data * Data based on CCHTTF data survey of May 2024. Not all members represented.18Calendar Year 2023Partner Agency Total # Served Sex Trafficking Labor Trafficking Sex & Labor Trafficking Community Violence Solutions 185 177 8 N/A DA - Victim Witness Assistance 89 73 16 N/A Family Justice Centers (CC County)49 49 0 0 International Rescue Committee 17 3 12 2 Justice At Last 25 8 11 5 Love Never Fails Us 13 13 0 0 STAND! for Families Free of Violence 21 17 3 1 Total # Service Contacts Sex Trafficking Labor Trafficking Sex & Labor Trafficking Arm of Care 555 550 0 5 Total # Identified Sexual Exploitation Labor Exploitation Sex & Labor Exploitation Contra Costa H3 - HMIS Data 777 137 178 462 69 Trends & Gaps 19 70 Key Trends & Gaps* Trends Gaps Lack of stable funding & long term supports Inadequate shelter/housing resources Need for increased coordination of services with partners Few therapists with expertise in Trauma & HT 20* Based on responses received from CCHTTF Partners to a May 2024 survey. 71 AI & Tech Abuse in Human Trafficking Context Proximity Dangers AI is increasing the risk of deception and vulnerability esp. for youth and immigrants: Fake jobs, gaming campaigns, etc. Misuse of language software. Using AI created content to commit online extortion and phishing. AI-generated malware. Solutions AI Detection Software Get support removing unwanted content online at www.takeitdown.ncmec. org AI may facilitate advocacy, but use with caution. •Privacy •Confidentiality •Hallucinations •Copyright 21 72 April FFSPA narrowed settings for Title IVE funding and included IMD exclusion making it more difficult for STRTPs to get certified and to get funding from Medi-Cal June 251 providers operating 396 Short- Term Residential Therapeutic Programs (STRTPs) with a total licensed capacity of 3,996 January B/w Dec. 2022 and Jan. 2023, 750 facilities closed due to new licensing requirements, affecting over 4,500 children and youth April 13 additional STRTPs in CA are pending closure, impacting Contra Costa’s ability to serve 83 youth total May CA has only 2,613 beds available for short-term residential treatment 2021 2022 2023 2023 2024 Decline in Housing Options for Youth 22Sources: CA Alliance Deputy Director of Child Welfare Policy; Continuum of Care Reform Oversight Report October 2022; CDSS. 73 Collaboratives & Partnerships 23 74 How Do We Stop Human Trafficking? Context VulnerabilityVulnerable people or groups Risk factors HT Proximity Harm Reduction Human Rights Community Safety Public Health (Prevention) Interagency Collaboration 24 75 Collaboratives & Partnerships Contra Costa Regional California National •Contra Costa Human Trafficking Coalition •Contra Costa Human Trafficking Task Force •Human Trafficking Multi-Disciplinary Team •CSEC/Y Interagency Steering Committee •Northern California Regional Human Trafficking Coordinator’s Meeting •Northern California Regional Human Trafficking Roundtable •CFPIC/PACT. •CalTIPA. •Partnerships: JESF; CA DOJ; LCDAO; CA Labor Commissioner’s Office. •Freedom Network; Project Roadmap/ECM TA; IACP; NHTHL/Polaris Project; NCMEC. •Partnerships: FBI, USDOJ, HSI, USAO, USDOL; DHHS-ACF. 25 76 Collaboratives & Partnerships Human Trafficking Task Force (HTTF) A collaborative effort of over 40 agencies that provides direct services to survivors, holds traffickers accountable, educates the community and members, and harnesses data to support these efforts. Co-led by: Human Trafficking Coalition An informal body overseen by the Board of Supervisors since 2009 which shares information, best practices, training, and networking around human trafficking issues. Led by: Human Trafficking Multi-Disciplinary Team (HT-MDT) A collective of 30+ agencies that plans for and meets survivor goals for complex or high-risk human trafficking cases. Co-led by: Commercially Sexually Exploited Children / Youth (CSEC/Y) Interagency Steering Committee A committee that supports and guides the work of Contra Costa County to end CSEC/Y through identification, intervention, and education. Co-led by: 26 77 Recommendation 27 78 APPROVE forwarding the Anti-Human Trafficking Update Report presentation to the Board of Supervisors as a discussion item. Recommendation 28 79 Corinna Espino, CSEC Services Program Coordinator, Children and Family Services, EHSD Mélody Saint-Saëns, Alliance to End Abuse Division Manager, EHSD Alana Mathews, Assistant District Attorney, Contra Costa District Attorney’s Office; Co-Chair, Contra Costa County Human Trafficking Taskforce Anti-Human Trafficking Update June 24, 2024 80 CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Staff Report 1025 ESCOBAR STREET MARTINEZ, CA 94553 File #:24-1737 Agenda Date:6/24/2024 Agenda #:8. FAMILY & HUMAN SERVICES COMMITTEE Meeting Date:June 24, 2024 Subject:Annual Updates on the Tobacco Retail License and Secondhand Smoke Ordinances Submitted For:Anna Roth, Director Department:Health Services Referral No:112 & 82 Referral Name:Policy Options for Protecting Youth from Tobacco Influences in the Retail Environment & Secondhand Smoke Ordinance Presenter:Dr. Sefanit Mekuria, MD, MPH; and Mayra Lopez Contact:Danielle Fokkema, (925) 655-2047 Referral History: FHS Referral No. 112 - Policy Options for Protecting Youth from Tobacco Influences in the Retail Environment The Board of Supervisors approved two tobacco control ordinances in July 2017 to protect youth from tobacco influences in the retail environment: a zoning ordinance and a tobacco retailer licensing ordinance. Of particular concern were the marketing and availability of youth-friendly flavored tobacco products, small pack sizes of cigars and cigarillos, and density and location of tobacco retailers, since these contribute largely to youth exposure to tobacco influences and tobacco use. The tobacco retailer licensing ordinance required extensive preparation for implementation, and tobacco retailers were required to be compliant with the new provisions by January 1, 2018. Health Services Department Public Health staff provided a report to the Board of Supervisors in March 2018 on preliminary implementation efforts. In November 2019, the Board of Supervisors adopted Ordinance 2019-34 (Sale of Electronic Smoking Devices and E-Liquids Prohibited) which increased the protections for youth from tobacco influences in the retail environment. Ordinance 2019-34 was a necessary response to an epidemic rise in youth vaping where young people were vulnerable to tobacco addiction as well as concerns related to E-cigarette/Vaping Associated Lung Injury (EVALI). The ordinance also expanded the restrictions on the sale of flavored tobacco in all areas of the unincorporated areas of the County, rather than just within 1,000 feet of youth-sensitive areas. At the October 29, 2020 Family and Human Services Committee (FHS) meeting, Public Health staff reported on the implementation of the newly adopted Ordinance 2019-34, including information on strategies to continue tobacco retailer licensing and businesses zoning ordinance implementation activities despite the challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic. At the February 28, 2022, FHS Committee meeting, Public Health staff were directed to include in the next report, an update on SB793/Prop 31, which is the statewide flavored tobacco ban and to provide updates on CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Printed on 6/18/2024Page 1 of 3 powered by Legistar™81 File #:24-1737 Agenda Date:6/24/2024 Agenda #:8. enforcement of the tobacco control laws. At the December 13, 2022, the Board of Supervisors meeting, Public Health staff were directed to provide recommendations on cannabis youth education campaigns and/or programs. On January 10, 2023, Ordinance No. 2023-03 was adopted allowing the sale and delivery of non-flavored cannabis vaping products. Contra Costa Health staff were directed to consult with stakeholders to develop a proposed program designed to raise awareness about the dangers of youth cannabis vaping and curtail the illegal market and return to the Board of Supervisors with a recommended program (continued from December 13, 2022). On February 23, 2023, the Family and Human Services (FHS) Committee accepted the annual report on the Policy Options for Protecting Youth from Tobacco Influences in the Retail Environment, including program and funding recommendations for cannabis education; and directing staff to forward the reports to the Board of Supervisors for their information as recommended by the Health Department and Public Health Officer. Contra Costa Health staff presented four cannabis education, outreach, and support programs. FHS approved the reports and department recommendations moving forward to the full Board for further discussion. Additionally, Health Staff were encouraged to identifying funding sources for recommended programs. At the June 27, 2023 Board of Supervisors meeting, the Board accepted the report and adopted the recommendations presented at February’s FHS meeting and directed staff to provide a future report to FHS and the Board on FY 23/24 revenues and expenditures. FHS Referral No. 82 - Secondhand Smoke Ordinance At the November 13, 2017 Family and Human Services Committee meeting, Public Health presented its annual report on the implementation of the County’s Secondhand Smoke Ordinance with a recommendation that the Committee consider a proposed ordinance to strengthen the current smoking protections to prohibit smoking inside dwelling units of multi-unit housing, including condos and townhomes. The Committee accepted the report and recommendations, requested that language be added to extend smoking restrictions to guest rooms of hotels and motels, and directed staff to forward those recommendations to the Board of Supervisors for discussion and approval. The ordinance, titled Smoke-free Multi Unit Residences, was adopted by the Board of Supervisors on March 13, 2018 with implementation to begin for new and renewing leases on July 1, 2018, and for continuing leases and owner-occupied units on July 1, 2019. At the request of the Board of Supervisors, Contra Costa Public Health staff provided reports in March 2018 on preliminary implementation of the ordinances. A follow up report was later presented to the FHS in October of 2018, at which the FHS asked Public Health staff to send a letter to each City Manager inviting them to model their own city ordinances after the County's ordinance. At the October 29, 2020 FHS meeting, Public Health staff reported on the implementation of the Secondhand Smoke Protections Ordinance. The report included updates on the implementation of the Multi-Unit Housing Ordinance, compliance challenges and the technical assistance provided to cities within Contra Costa County. At the February 28, 2022, FHS meeting, Public Health staff reported on the implementation of the Secondhand Smoke Protections Ordinance. The report included updates on the implementation of the Multi-Unit Housing CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Printed on 6/18/2024Page 2 of 3 powered by Legistar™82 File #:24-1737 Agenda Date:6/24/2024 Agenda #:8. Ordinance, compliance challenges and the technical assistance provided to cities within Contra Costa County. On February 23, 2023, the FHS Committee accepted the annual report on the Secondhand Smoke Protections ordinance and directed staff to forward the reports to the Board of Supervisors for their information as recommended by the Health Department and Public Health Officer. At the June 27, 2023 Board of Supervisors meeting, the Board accepted the annual report. Referral Update: Please see the attached reports and presentation materials for updates on the implementation of Tobacco Retail Licensing Ordinance No. 2019-34 and Secondhand Smoke Protections Ordinance No. 2018-07. Recommendation(s)/Next Step(s): ACCEPT the annual reports from the Health Services Department's Public Health Division with updates on the implementation of the Tobacco Retail Licensing and Secondhand Smoke Protections ordinances, and DIRECT staff to forward the reports to the Board of Supervisors for their information. ACCEPT the following recommendations from the Health Services Department's Tobacco Prevention Program (TPP) staff, and DIRECT staff to forward the recommendations for Board of Supervisors consideration: ·TPP requests that the Tobacco Retail Licensing (TRL) ordinance be updated with evidence based best practice recommendations that includes increasing the minimum pack size from 10 to 20 little cigars/cigarillos to deter youth purchase of tobacco products. ·TPP requests that the TRL ordinance be updated with evidence based best practice recommendations that include no discounts or coupon redemptions to deter youth purchase of tobacco products. ·TPP ask that the TRL ordinance be updated with evidence based best practice recommendations that include a purchase, use, and possession (PUP) clause to prevent criminalization of youth purchase, use, and possession of tobacco products. ·TPP staff asks the Board of Supervisors to consider the results of a TRL fee study, that assess the costs of TRL administration and enforcement, for review of a higher yet reasonable fee to offset the growing costs of inspections and enforcement. ·TPP ask that staff be directed to continue to inform the FHS Committee and Board of Supervisors of the FDA’s final decision on menthol cigarettes and flavored cigars, and to provide updates on emerging trends in tobacco retail environment that have an impact on youth use of vaping and use of other popular youth tobacco products. ·TPP asks that the FHS Committee and Board of Supervisors consider extending the contract period time for Alcohol and Other Drug Services (AODS) and the Office of Education Tobacco Use and Prevention Education Program (TUPE) cannabis education program through January 30, 2025, to allow for further stabilization of the program and use of funds. ·TPP asks the FHS Committee to accept the recommendations for TRL and direct staff to present, including the results of the fee study for consideration of a higher fee, to the Board of Supervisors. Fiscal Impact (if any): There is no fiscal impact for this action. CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Printed on 6/18/2024Page 3 of 3 powered by Legistar™83 Tobacco Prevention Program Annual Report 06/24/2024 Family & Human Services Committee 84 Smoke-free Multi-Unit Housing (SFMUH) Policy 85 cchealth.org Contra Costa SFMUH Policy Map 86 cchealth.org Contra Costa SFMUH Policy Matrix Municipality Last Policy Update % of Units Smokefree Minimum Number of Units Policy Includes Condos Policy Includes Cannabis Antioch NO POLICY Brentwood NO POLICY Clayton 5/1/2019 100%2 Yes Yes Concord 1/1/2021 100%2 Yes Yes Danville 5/1/2016 100%3 Yes Yes El Cerrito 1/1/2015 100%2 Yes Yes Hercules 7/1/2020 100%10 Yes Yes Lafayette 2/10/2014 100% new/ 0% existing leases 3 Yes No Martinez 6/1/2010 0%4 Yes Yes Moraga NO POLICY Oakley 7/8/2014 100% new / 0% existing 2 Yes Yes Orinda NO POLICY Pinole 10/18/2019 100%2 Yes No Pittsburg NO POLICY Pleasant Hill 5/5/2010 100% new/ 50% existing 4 No Yes Richmond 1/1/2011 100%2 Yes Yes, with Medical Cannabis Exempt San Pablo 7/1/2021 100%2 No Yes San Ramon 12/26/2019 0%2 Yes Yes Walnut Creek 1/30/2014 100%2 Yes Yes Unincorporated Contra Costa 7/1/2019 100%2 Yes Yes 87 cchealth.org Multi-Unit Housing (MUH) County-Wide Secondhand Smoke Complaints Alamo, 6% Bay Point, 22% Crockett , 6% Danville, 6% El Sobrante, 22% Walnut Creek, 31% Not specified, 8% PERCENTAGE MUH CALLS IN UNINCORPORATED BY AREA DESIGNATION (N=36)46% 6% 10% 5%5% 1%3%3%3% 6%5%6% MUNICIPALITY PERCENTAGE OF MUH CALLS BY MUNICIPALITY (N=78) Time Period: January 1, 2023 -May 31, 2024 88 cchealth.org Both Tobacco and Cannabis, 23% Cannabis, 14% Environmental Hazard, 3% Tobacco, 60% PERCENTAGE OF MUH CALLS BY SMOKE TYPE (N=78) Multi-Unit Housing (MUH) County-Wide Secondhand Smoke Complaints (cont.) Time Period: January 1, 2023 -May 31, 2024 89 Tobacco Retail License (TRL) Policy 90 cchealth.org Why do we need local TRL if the State passed a flavored tobacco prohibition? •To address local communities' public health concerns and reduce youth use and accessibility to tobacco •Despite State and local tobacco laws, recent tobacco retail store observations showed that flavored tobacco products are still being offered for sale in Contra Costa County •Emerging Issues: non-tobacco, non-nicotine, “non-menthol”,smokeless tobacco products, cannabis vaping products,hemp, and mushrooms ** 91 cchealth.org Tobacco Law Education and Technical Assistance Compliance and Enforcement Tobacco License Administration Tobacco Retail License Overview 92 cchealth.org No sale of flavored tobacco (including menthol) No sale of e-cigarette/vaping devices* (NJOY, VUSE, LOGIC allowed) Little cigars must be sold in packs of at least 10 Prohibits coupons Cap on tobacco retailers (90) No new tobacco retailer within 1,000ft of youth sensitive area No new significant tobacco retailers including smoke shops and hookah lounges Ordinance 2019-34 November 2019, the Board of Supervisors adopted Ordinance 2019-34 Tobacco Retail License Ordinance 93 cchealth.org Contra Costa TRL Policy Matrix 94 cchealth.org Tobacco Retail License Fees in Contra Costa County Municipality Fees Last Update Fee amount Fee schedule Antioch*9/1999 $29 Annual Brentwood NO POLICY Clayton 6/2000 $159 Annual Concord*5/2001 $160 Initial & annual Danville 6/1999 $0 Annual El Cerrito 1/2018 $523 Initial & annual Hercules NO POLICY Lafayette 7/2019 $65 Annual Martinez*1/2001 <$500 Annual Moraga NO POLICY Oakley*12/2018 $458 Annual Orinda*4/2010 $358 Annual Pinole 6/2019 $219 Annual Pittsburg*5/1999 <$500 Annual Pleasant Hill*11/2015 $86/hr or $618 max Annual Richmond 9/2019 $1602.44 Annual San Pablo 4/2004 $335 $196 Initial Annual San Ramon 6/1999 Varied Annual Walnut Creek*3/1999 Varied Annual Unincorporated Contra Costa 12/1998 $50 $287 Application & Annual * Municipalities requiring licenses required only for retailers found in violation of laws regulating sale or distribution of tobacco within last 12 months. License no longer required if no violations occur for 3- 5 years (variable by community) •The annual local license fee can be calculated to cover the costs of an effective TRL program •In Unincorporated Contra Costa, the annual fee was established 25 years ago prior to adoption of local tobacco laws 95 cchealth.org Implementation: Unincorporated Tobacco Retail Store Observation Findings May 2024-June 2024 96 cchealth.org Implementation: Unincorporated Tobacco Retail Store Observation Findings 1 4 10 15 5 to 9 Pack 1 (Singles) 2 to 4 Pack Pack of 10 or more # of retailers Smallest Pack of LCCs soldTRL Ordinance restricts Little Cigar and Cigarillo (LCC) pack size to ten or more. 15 retailers (22%) sell LCCs in packs of less than ten. (n=68) May 2024-June 2024 97 cchealth.org Implementation: Unincorporated Tobacco Retail Store Observation Findings 32% 68% 20 stores sell vape products in Unincorporated CCC; most of the vape products sold are not FDA approved (n=20) Logic, NJOY, or Vuse (may be FDA approved product) Any other brand (JUUL, Flum, Elf, Puff Bars, Smok, Yama Puffs, etc.) (not FDA approved) May 2024-June 2024 98 cchealth.org Implementation: Unincorporated Tobacco Retail Store Observation Findings May 2024-June 2024 99 cchealth.org Enforcement of Characterizing Flavored Tobacco "Characterizing flavor" means a distinguishable taste or aroma imparted by a tobacco product or any byproduct produced by the tobacco product that is perceivable by an ordinary consumer by either the sense of taste or smell,other than the taste or aroma of tobacco. Fruit, chocolate, vanilla, honey, candy, cocoa, dessert, alcoholic beverage, menthol, mint, wintergreen, herb, or spice Diamonds and Sunset are ambiguous names given to tobacco products to conceal their flavors 100 cchealth.org Enforcement:Tobacco Store Inspection Findings 101 Recommendations 102 cchealth.org Recommendation:Increase Minimum Pack Size to 20 Little Cigars/Cigarillos per Pack Alameda County Los Angeles County Richmond San Pablo Setting a minimum pack size to 20 little cigars/cigarillos (LCCs) can increase the unit price point, making it less attractive to price-sensitive youth. 20 municipalities in California (including, Alameda County, LA County, Richmond and San Pablo) require a minimum pack of 20 LCCs, with 7 also setting a minimum price. 1 Chapter 3.58—TOBACCO RETAILERS | Code of Ordinances | Alameda County, CA | Municode Library. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://library.municode.com/ca/alameda_county/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=TIT3BULIRE_CH3.58TORE_3.58.180EN 2. County of Los Angeles Department of Public Health. (2022). REFERENCE GUIDE FOR THE TOBACCO RETAIL OFFICIAL INSPECTION REPORT. http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/tob/docs/Tobacco%20Retail%20License/TOIR_Reference_Guide_FINAL_Jan_2022.pdf 3. 7.106.030—Requirements and prohibitions. | Code of Ordinances | Richmond, CA | Municode Library. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://library.municode.com/ca/richmond/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=ARTVIIBU_CH7.106TORELI_7.106.030REPR 4. Chapter 5.06 LICENSURE OF TOBACCO RETAILERS. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://www.codepublishing.com/CA/SanPablo/#!/html/SanPablo05/SanPablo0506.html 103 cchealth.org Recommendation: Prohibit Coupon Redemption and Discounts Lower prices along with coupons or other price discounts, encourage youth to move from experimentation to regular tobacco use. To better protect youth from the dangers of tobacco use, TPP recommends that the ordinance be updated to fully prohibit not only the distribution but also prohibit the acceptance of any coupons, discounts, or other promotional materials for tobacco products. 34 municipalities (including some partially) require full price for tobacco-leaf products Lafayette, Albany, Berkeley are examples of local jurisdictions that require full price for tobacco products Lafayette,(Ord. No. 675, §1, 5-28-2019), Albany (Ord. No. 2019-05 5-24),Berkeley,(Ord. 7673-NS §4, 2019) Prohibition of Tobacco Coupons and Discounts No tobacco retailer shall: (1)Honor or redeem, or offer to honor or redeem, a coupon to allow a consumer to purchase a tobacco product for less than the full retail price; (2)Sell any tobacco product to a consumer through a multiple-package discount or otherwise provide any such product to a consumer for less than the full retail price in consideration for the purchase of any tobacco product or any other item; or (3)Provide any free or discounted item to a consumer in consideration for the purchase of any tobacco product. Unincorporated Contra Costa County,(Ords. 2006- 66 §6, 91-44 §2) It is unlawful for any person, agent, or employee of a person in the business of selling or distributing cigarettes or other tobacco or smoking products to distribute, or direct, authorize, or permit any agent or employee to distribute, any of the following to any person on any public street or sidewalk or in any public park or playground or on any other public ground or in any public building: (a) Any tobacco product; (b) Coupons, certificates, or other written material that may be redeemed for tobacco products without charge. 1 Division 445—SECONDHAND SMOKE AND TOBACCO PRODUCT CONTROL | Ordinance Code | Contra Costa County, CA | Municode Library. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://library.municode.com/ca/contra_costa_county/codes/ordinance_code?nodeId=TIT4HESA_DIV445SE 2. Title 5—HEALTH AND SANITATION | Code of Ordinances | Lafayette, CA | Municode Library. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://library.municode.com/ca/lafayette/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=TIT5HESA_CH5-9TORELIRESATOFLTOPR_5-903SAFLTOPRPR 3. City of Albany, CA: TOBACCO RETAILER LICENSE. (n.d.). City of Albany, CA Code. Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://ecode360.com/37930123 4. Ch. 9.80 Tobacco Retailers. (n.d.). Berkeley Municipal Code. Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://berkeley.municipal.codes/BMC/9.80 104 cchealth.org Alameda County Santa Barbara County Examples of Jurisdictions with a Comprehensive No Discounts or Coupon Redemption Policy (cont.) 1 Chapter 3.58—TOBACCO RETAILERS | Code of Ordinances | Alameda County, CA | Municode Library. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://library.municode.com/ca/alameda_county/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=TIT3BULIRE_CH3.58TORE_3.58.180EN 2. City of Santa Barbara, CA: Suspension of Tobacco Retailer License; Appeals.(n.d.). City of Santa Barbara, CA Code. Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://ecode360.com/44100310 105 cchealth.org Recommendation: Include Anti-PUP Clause Laws that penalize purchase, use, and possession, commonly referred to as “PUP laws,” seek to punish youth for buying, using,or having tobacco products if they are under 21 years old. These laws impose penalties on underage individuals. While the goal of this law is to help curb youth use of tobacco products, research and data indicate that PUP laws are often ineffective at reducing youth tobacco use and can cause more harm by criminalizing youth. Therefore, including a clause that specifically ensures youth are not criminalized is an important preventative step. Some examples of cities with such provisions include: City of Lafayette1 (Ord. No. 675,§1, 5-28-2019) "The city council does not intend and nothing in this chapter shall be interpreted to penalize the purchase, use, possession, or attempted purchase, use, or possession of tobacco products or tobacco paraphernalia by persons under 21 years of age; provided, however, that persons under 21 years of age remain subject to generally applicable laws regulating such conduct without respect to the person's age." San Diego County2 (Ord. No. 10699 (N.S.), effective 1-7-21) "Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to penalize the purchase, use or possession of a tobacco product by any person under the legal age to purchase tobacco." Alameda County3 (Ord. No. 2020-4, §1, 1-14-20) "Whenever evidence of a violation of this chapter is obtained in any part through the participation of a person under the age of twenty-one (21) years old, such person shall not be required to appear or give testimony in any civil or administrative process brought to enforce this chapter and the alleged violation shall be adjudicated based on the sufficiency and persuasiveness of the evidence presented." City of San Mateo4 (Ord. No. 2023-7 §2;) "Nothing in this Chapter shall be construed to penalize the purchase, use, or possession of a Tobacco Product by any Person not engaged in Tobacco Retailing." City of San Carlos5 (Ord. 1600 §3 (Exh. A), 2023;) "Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to penalize the purchase, use, or possession of a tobacco product by any person not engaged in tobacco retailing" 1. Title 5—HEALTH AND SANITATION | Code of Ordinances | Lafayette, CA | Municode Library. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://library.municode.com/ca/lafayette/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=TIT5HESA_CH5-9TORELIRESATOFLTOPR_5-903SAFLTOPRPR 2. CHAPTER 26. TOBACCO RETAILING. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/san_diego/latest/sandiego_regs/0-0-0-101648 3. Chapter 3.58—TOBACCO RETAILERS | Code of Ordinances | Alameda County, CA | Municode Library. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://library.municode.com/ca/alameda_county/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=TIT3BULIRE_CH3.58TORE_3.58.180EN 4. 7.41.010 Requirement for a Permit. | City of San Mateo Law Library. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://law.cityofsanmateo.org/us/ca/cities/san-mateo/code/7.41.010 5. Chapter 8.07 TOBACCO RETAILER PERMIT. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2024, from https://www.codepublishing.com/CA/SanCarlos//html/SanCarlos08/SanCarlos0807.html#8.07.270 106 cchealth.org Recommendation:Consider TRL Fee Study Results that Assess the TRL Administration and Enforcement Costs •A higher yet reasonable fee would be sufficient to offset the regulatory cost and would ensure a reliable and sustainable funding source •The fee for a license can reimburse the total cost of administration and enforcement of ordinance 2019-34 including but not limited to: Issuing a license Administering the license program Retailer education Retailer inspection Compliance checks Documentation of violations Suspension hearings for violations 107 cchealth.org . •TPP requests that the TRL ordinance be updated with evidence based best practice recommendations that includes increasing the minimum pack size from 10 to 20 little cigars/cigarillos to deter youth purchase of tobacco products •TPP requests that the TRL ordinance be updated with evidence based best practice recommendations that prohibit retailers from accepting or redeeming discounts or coupon redemptions to deter youth purchase of tobacco products •TPP requests that the TRL ordinance be updated with evidence based best practice recommendations that includes the explicit non- criminalization of youth who purchase,use,and possess tobacco products •TPP staff asks the Board of Supervisors to consider the results of a TRL fee study that assess the costs of TRL administration and enforcement •TPP ask that staff be directed to continue to inform the FHS Committee and Board of Supervisors of the FDA’s final decision on menthol cigarettes and flavored cigars,and to provide updates on emerging trends in tobacco retail environment that have an impact on youth use of vaping and use of other popular youth tobacco products •TPP asks the FHS Committee to accept the recommendations for SFMUH and TRL and direct staff to present to the Board of Supervisors Recommendations 108 Thank You 109 1 To: Family and Human Services Committee, Contra Costa Board of Supervisors From: Ori Tzvieli, MD Health Officer, Contra Costa County Public Health Director, Contra Costa Health Services Re: Annual Report on the Implementation of Tobacco Retail Licensing Ordinance 2019-34 Date: 06/24/2024 I. Summary This report provides details of tobacco enforcement of the Ordinance 2019-34 1, specifically activities conducted since the last report made to this committee in February 2023. The report also includes the support provided to the surrounding cities within Contra Costa during the past year. Lastly, it presents the program and media campaign options as directed by the Board of Supervisors when they discussed and passed the resolution to repeal the Cannabis Vaping Prohibitions on December 3, 2022 and January 10, 2023. II. Background and Emerging Issues on Tobacco Policy National, State, and Local level In 2009, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act prohibited the sale of all flavored cigarettes except for Menthol. In 2017 and 2019, Contra Costa’s Board of Supervisors strengthened protections for youth against tobacco influences in the retail environment by restricting the sale of all flavored tobacco products and vaping devices not approved by the FDA. In 2022, the FDA began the rulemaking process to prohibit, on a national level, the sale and manufacture of menthol cigarettes and flavored cigars (See Figure 1. Flavored Tobacco Policy Background). 1 Tobacco Retailer License Ordinance Background: On September 12, 2019, the Board of Supervisors directed Public Health staff to prepare policy options that would address mounting concerns related to the rapid increase of use with electronic cigarettes by minors as well as the co-occurring epidemic of serious lung disease that has been linked to the use of vaping devices. On November 18, 2019, Public Health staff provided the policy recommendations listed below: 1. Revise Division 445-6.006 (Secondhand Smoke and Tobacco Product Control) of the County Ordinance Code to prohibit the sale of any electronic smoking device or e-liquid that is required to obtain, but has not yet obtained, a premarket review order from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration pursuant to the federal Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. 2. Revise Section 445-6.006 of the County Ordinance Code to prohibit the sale of flavored tobacco products and menthol cigarettes expanding this prohibition to the entirety of the unincorporated county. Previously, the sale of these products was only prohibited within 1,000 feet of a public or private school, playground, park, or library. 3. Amend Section 413-4.608 (Commercial Cannabis Health Permits) of the County Ordinance Code to prohibit the sale or delivery of any e- liquid that contains tetrahydrocannabinol or any other cannabinoid, and to prohibit the sale or delivery of any electronic smoking device that can be used to deliver tetrahydrocannabinol or any other cannabinoid in aerosolized or vaporized form. 110 2 Figure 1: Flavored Tobacco Policy Background Year Level Prohibited Tobacco Products 2009 Federal Flavored cigarettes, except for menthol 2017 County All flavored tobacco products, including menthol, within 1,000 ft of any school, playground, park or library; small pack cigar sales (no packs less than 10, unless cigar is over $5) 2019 County All flavored tobacco regardless of location; all e-cigs or e- liquids pending FDA approval 2020 Federal Flavored cartridge-based e-cigarettes (menthol flavor exempt) 2021 Federal FDA proposes to prohibit menthol cigarettes and flavored cigars 2022 State Most flavored tobacco products (flavored hookah/shisha, pipe tobacco, and premium cigars are exempt). In November 2022, California voters upheld the State law prohibiting tobacco retailers from selling most flavored tobacco products (See Figure 2. California Prohibited Flavored Tobacco Products). The FDA has reviewed close to 1 million ‘new tobacco product’ applications (application per product rather than per company) to assess risk and benefits to population health. As of November 2022, the FDA issued 44 authorizations and thousands of denial marketing orders. Additionally, the FDA reviewed public comments that were submitted in August 2022 in response to the federal ban on menthol cigarettes and flavored cigars. However, a decision on the national ban has not been reached. Lastly, due to product safety concerns and youth consumption, the FDA issued a moratorium on the sale of all synthetic nicotine products (including Puff Bars, disposable vapes, etc.) until further notice. In response to the Statewide flavor tobacco ban which includes menthol cigarettes in California, since December 2022, there has been an increase in the retailing of “nonmenthol” tobacco cigarettes, tobacco-free and non-nicotine products, and cannabis products. 111 3 Figure 2: California Flavored Tobacco Law III. Implementation of Ordinance 2019-34 Since February 2023 Report 112 4 The Tobacco Prevention Program (TPP) facilitates the implementation of the unincorporated County’s tobacco retail license ordinance and collaborates with the Contra Costa Sheriff’s Department for the enforcement of commercial tobacco sales. Additionally, TPP supports all Contra Costa jurisdictions with education to support decisionmakers with information about the public health framework and understanding of best practices in tobacco control. Technical Assistance is provided to retailers through tailored technical assistance, tobacco educational packets and tobacco law fact sheets disseminated annually and during on-site inspections. TPP partners with the Contra Costa County Business License Office, Tax Collectors Office, and Department of Development and Conservation Planning Office to issue tobacco retailers operating in unincorporated Contra Costa a local retail tobacco license. Retailers in unincorporated Contra Costa are required to have a State and local license to operate their business in this area. TPP provides annual educational mailers regarding local and state law changes during the renewal period in addition to conducting other retailer educational outreach (See Section V. Enforcement for more information). In May 2024, the Business License Office mailed the annual business renewal reminder letters to seventy (70) tobacco retailers in unincorporated Contra Costa. Upon reviewing the list of registered tobacco retailers provided by the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration, TPP found that nine (9) additional retailers did not have a local tobacco retailer’s license. The additional nine (9) tobacco retailers have been contacted to obtain their local tobacco retailer’s license. 113 5 TPP oversees the local tobacco retailer license application process and works closely with the Business License Office and the Department of Development and Conservation. TPP monitors all existing and new tobacco stores and provides education to retailers about the everchanging tobacco policy landscape. The Sheriff's Department distributes retailer education flyers developed by TPP during inspections to store clerks and owners. Annual Tobacco Retail License Fee: The Public Health Law Center has developed a Tobacco Retail Licensing Calculator aimed to help local jurisdictions determine adequate tobacco retailer fees to cover the cost of enforcement of licensure requirements. Per Proposition 26 no profit can be made from these fees. Within Contra Costa County each jurisdiction assigns a fee for tobacco retailers; these fees range from $29 (Antioch) to $1,602.44 (City of Richmond) annually (See Figure 3: Contra Costa Fee Table below). In Unincorporated Contra Costa, the annual fee to retail tobacco is $287. This $287 fee was set 25 years ago prior to 2017, before the implementation and enforcement of the TRL ordinance took effect. Many jurisdictions throughout the Bay Area have established robust fees to cover the costs of not only license program applications and renewals but also compliance checks and inspections, retailer education, and enforcement and penalties. Figure 3: Contra Costa TRL Fee Table 114 6 Unincorporated Tobacco Retail Store Observations Findings May 2024: TPP Staff conducted store observations of tobacco retailers in unincorporated Contra Costa as a point-in-time check of tobacco products sold at these stores. These observations took place in May 2024 and TPP Staff/data collectors were able to visit 77 of the 79 retailers located in unincorporated county. Of these 77, 68 retailers sold tobacco and were surveyed. The following graphs illustrate the data collected: Figure 4: Tobacco Retailer Types in Unincorporated Contra Costa Figure 4 shares the distribution of the types of tobacco retailers found in Unincorporated Contra Costa. Of the 68 tobacco retailers observed, most were convenience stores, with gas stations (47%) or without gas stations (22%). The remaining stores consisted of liquor stores (12%), small market/produce stores (7%), tobacco or vape store (4%), large grocery store (3%), or other type of store (4%). Tobacco or vape retailers, or stores that sell mostly tobacco products, represent 4% of tobacco retailers. 115 7 Figure 5: Tobacco Retailers in Unincorporated Contra Costa Selling Little Cigars and Cigarillos (LCCs) in Packs Less than Ten (10) About half of the surveyed tobacco retailers (30) in unincorporated Contra Costa sell Little Cigars and Cigarillos (Figure 5). The County TRL ordinance restricts the LCC pack size to ten (10) or more. Figure 4 shows the distribution of stores selling different types of small packs. Of retailers selling LCCs, 15 sell them in packs of less than ten, with ten retailers selling in small packs of 2- 4 cigarillos, four retailers selling packs of 1 (singles), and one store selling packs between 5-9 cigarillos. Figure 6: Tobacco Retailers in Unincorporated Contra Costa Selling Vape Products The County TRL ordinance restricts the sale of vape products, yet nearly one third (29%) of surveyed retailers sell vape products (Figure 6). 1 4 10 15 5 to 9 Pack 1 (Singles) 2 to 4 Pack Pack of 10 or more # of retailers Smallest Pack of LCCs AvailableCounty TRL Ordinance restricts Little Cigars and Cigarillos (LCCs) pack size to ten or more. 15 retailers sell LCCs in packs of less than ten, including 2-4 per pack (10), singles (4) and 5-9 per pack (1). 29% 71% Sell Vape Products Do Not Sell Vape Products County TRL Ordinance restricts the sale of vape products; nearly 1/3 of surveyed retailers sell vape products (n=68) 116 8 Figure 7: Types of Vape Products Sold in Tobacco Retailers in Unincorporated Contra Costa Selling Vape Products Of these retailers selling vape products, most (68%) are selling products that are not FDA- approved (Figure 7). Figure 8: Tobacco Retailers in Unincorporated Contra Costa Selling Flavored Tobacco Products Of the 68 surveyed tobacco retailers, 20 sell flavored tobacco products despite flavor restrictions at the local and state level (Figure 8). 117 9 Figure 9: Tobacco Retailers in Unincorporated Contra Costa Selling Cannabis Products Eight (8) tobacco retailers sell cannabis products (Figure 9). Tobacco retailers must obtain a California Cigarette and Tobacco Products Retailer’s License in addition to their local Tobacco Retailer’s License. Cannabis retailers who obtain a cannabis license cannot sell alcohol or tobacco. Therefore, tobacco retail license holders cannot sell tobacco alongside cannabis at land use sites zoned for tobacco retail.2 Additionally, in Contra Costa County, the Department of Development and Conservation has an additional application and permitting process for cannabis storefront retailers. IV. Enforcement of Ordinance 2019-34 Since February 2023 Report Enforcement is vital to ensure effective implementation and compliance of Contra Costa’s tobacco retailer licensing ordinance. The Sheriff's Department is the primary enforcer of Ordinance 2019- 34. Routine inspections and on-site retailer education are said to help decrease health disparities in communities targeted by the tobacco industry, reduce crime rates, and reduce sales to youth.3 Since tobacco enforcement has been implemented, the Sheriff’s Department reported that there had been a significant decrease in crimes by conducting routine compliance inspections, as their presence in the retail environment deters criminal activity. One TPP staff member and the program manager support retailer engagement and enforcement efforts. Since 2022, the Sheriff's Department priorities shifted, and tobacco enforcement was based on complaints from the community. During that time, several businesses were identified as non- compliant and were found selling or intending to sell unlawful tobacco products (including, the 2 California Department of Tax and Fee Administration, "Permits and Licenses," accessed [6/10/2024], https://www.cdtfa.ca.gov/services/permits- licenses.htm. 3 The Public Health Law Center is a nonprofit organization that offers comprehensive legal and policy support to public health professionals, policymakers, and advocates aiming to reduce tobacco use and its harmful effects. Their initiatives include drafting model policies, providing litigation support and offering guidance on regulatory measures to curb tobacco consumption. By promoting smoke-free environments and stricter tobacco regulations, the Public Health Law Center plays a crucial role in safeguarding public health and advancing tobacco-free communities. 118 10 sale of flavored tobacco, vapes, small packs of 5 cigarillos, and single cigarillos). Through Department of Justice funding, compliance checks continued in most of the unincorporated Contra Costa County with TPP providing education. Since February 2023, twenty-eight (28) tobacco retailers were visited, with a total of thirty-five (35) inspections (including and seven (7) follow-up visits) conducted by the Sheriff’s Department. Eleven (11) tobacco retailers were in compliance, twenty (20) stores received warnings, two (2) citations were issued, and one tobacco retailer (1) received an infraction, which resulted in a License Suspension Hearing scheduled for June 2024. TPP staff identified a need to educate enforcers on the characterization of flavored tobacco and the County's tobacco ordinance. A need was also identified to assist the Sheriff’s Department in providing appropriate resources and education to retailers during inspections visits. TPP receives funding from California Department of Justice, in the amount of $443,000 over three years. Programmatic deliverables include conducting bimonthly trainings on tobacco control laws and facilitating monthly workshops with law enforcement agencies and city staff on implementation and enforcement of tobacco control laws, including maintaining active licenses, education on characterizing flavors and distinguishing what constitutes a flavored tobacco product. For example, there has been a rise in variety of characterizing flavors in the retail market some of which are challenging to identify as flavored tobacco which has posed challenges to agencies enforcing flavored tobacco laws. V. Technical Assistance to Contra Costa Cities TPP Staff continue to offer comprehensive technical assistance to Contra Costa cities interested in considering tobacco control policies that prohibit the sale of flavored tobacco products and vaping devices. Over the past year, the following cities have either adopted or are considered expanding their tobacco retail control policies: 119 11 Contra Costa County Cities TRL Progress Table City Policy Description Date adopted/ Date effective Brentwood Moratorium on New Tobacco Smoke Shops, June 2022-August 2022 Effective: through August 2024 Moraga Flavor ban (NO EXEMPTIONS) Adopted: October 12, 2022 Effective: January 1, 2023 Orinda Flavor ban (NO EXEMPTIONS) Adopted: May 3, 2022 Effective: January1, 2023 Antioch Adopt comprehensive tobacco retailer license with a flavors restriction and a minimum pack size requirement Antioch’s City Council directed staff to develop draft ordinance (similar to County’s policy) in May 2021/ 1st reading of TRL ordinance pending On March 8, 2022, Antioch City Council adopted Ordinance NO. 2206- C-S, On June 14, 2022, Antioch City Council adopted Ordinance 2215-C-S, officially granting tobacco retailers until December 2022 before the enforcement began. Effective date: December 2022 April 24, 2023, Antioch City Council rescinds minimum price and minimum pack size provisions Pittsburg Adopt a comprehensive tobacco retailer license ordinance inclusive of flavored tobacco restrictions and a minimum pack size requirement On December 12, 2022, the City Council Ad-Hoc Committee met and directed the Public Health Policy Consultant to create a draft ordinance and complete a community survey to get resident input on this issue. City Council will discuss prioritizing TRL in March. Healthy Communities ordinance includes tobacco, cannabis, and alcohol policy updates. Presentation expected in Fall 2024 120 12 Danville Prohibits the sale of vaping devices and electronic smoking devices Adopted: February 18, 2020 Effective: March 18, 2020 Concord Adopt comprehensive tobacco retailer restrictions that are inclusive of flavored tobacco restrictions and a minimum price Staff directed to draft ordinance. Draft expected to be presented March 2023. On June 6, 2023, Concord adopts TRL with minimum price and pack size provisions, implementation begins October 6, 2023. Adopted: June 6, 2023 Effective: October 6, 2023 San Ramon Comprehensive tobacco retail license with vaping sales restrictions, minimum pack size, minimum price, tobacco free pharmacies, no exemptions TPP staff provided overview of best practices to San Ramon Teen Council in November 2022. Walnut Creek Adopt tobacco retail license with same exemptions as SB 793 (hookah, pipe tobacco, and roll your own tobacco leaves exempt from flavors restrictions) Adopted: November 9, 2021 Effective: April 9, 2022 Pleasant Hill Adopt flavored tobacco sales restriction and vaping device sales ban with same exemptions as SB 793 (hookah, pipe tobacco, and roll your own tobacco leaves exempt from flavors restrictions) Adopted: February 7, 2022 Effective: January 2023 Since the passage of the statewide flavored tobacco ban in November 2022, all jurisdictions, regardless of having a local tobacco policy, are expected to not sell most flavored tobacco products at retail storefronts. The State flavor tobacco policy is the minimum requirement and local jurisdictions can and do have stronger tobacco control regulations that are more comprehensive than State law. Given this monumental change in commercial tobacco policy statewide, education and technical assistance to all 19 jurisdictions in the County will be crucial. VI. Technical Assistance on Vaping Policies On June 26, 2018, the Board of Supervisors adopted cannabis land use Ordinance Nos.2018- 18 and 2018-19 to regulate commercial cannabis activities and personal cannabis cultivation in unincorporated county, including requiring land use permits to engage in commercial cannabis activities. Considering the newness of regulating the commercial cannabis industry and the evolving landscape of cannabis regulation, Contra Costa Health Services recommended a cautionary approach to local regulation that emphasizes protections for consumers, the public, and 121 13 at-risk groups such as youth and individuals challenged with substance use disorders. In November 2019, Ordinance 2019-34 was introduced and subsequently adopted amending three sections of County code to bring alignment between County Tobacco Control Policy and Cannabis regulation. In particular, the provision prohibits the sale of flavored cannabis products and any electronic smoking device that contains tetrahydrocannabinol or any other cannabinoid. At the request of the Board of Supervisors in May 2021 and July 2021, TPP Staff provided reports on the Triangulum between tobacco, cannabis and electronic smoking or vape devices, current trends in use among youth, and the negative health impacts associated with the use of vape devices, particularly among vulnerable populations such as underage youth. In 2022, TPP had the opportunity to hire an intern temporarily to research cannabis ordinances locally and nationally to determine best practices. As a result of this research, the intern developed a document entitled “Protecting Communities from Adverse Health Effects of Cannabis Products” where the following recommendations were made based on the research. The main finding was that legalization should not imply normalization. This can be achieved by implementing policies that prevent aggressive marketing practices, ensuring health warnings are predominantly displayed at checkout, and not allowing consumption of cannabis at public places, including on premises of a cannabis retailer. With the support of the Board of Supervisors, TPP continues to advance tobacco prevention policies and responds to various requests to provide technical assistance and work collaboratively with other public health departments on both tobacco and the other aerosolized substances, throughout the State, including San Francisco, Alameda, Sonoma, Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, and San Diego Counties. Technical assistance includes sharing best practices on the adoption, implementation, and enforcement of local tobacco prevention ordinances. VII. Youth Use of Tobacco and Cannabis Youth, who are most vulnerable to nicotine addiction and the harmful effects of tobacco, use tobacco at alarming rates. Contra Costa Health Tobacco Prevention Program is focused on addressing both ongoing and emerging issues that affect youth access to and use of tobacco products. Some of these emerging issues include the increasing co-use of tobacco with aerosolized substances such as cannabis and hemp products, flavored hookah, and nicotine-/tobacco-free products. Another concern TPP is focused on is countering the tobacco industry’s messaging that inaccurately promotes inhalable harm reduction/modified risk tobacco products such as cessation aids and smokeless tobacco products. These issues are interconnected and have direct consequences on youth tobacco use and prevention, as well as TPP’s work. The Board of Supervisors on June 26, 2023 accepted the recommendation to support outreach and education efforts to increase the knowledge of youth about the harmful health impacts of youth use of cannabis products. The Alcohol and Other Drugs Services Program is the liaison and grantor of the Office of Education Tobacco Use and Prevention Education Program cannabis funding. A 122 14 separate cannabis education presentation will be presented to the Board at a future meeting. However, approval by the Board of Supervisors is needed for continued funding and this request is included in the recommendations below. VIII. Evidence Based Best Practice Recommendations to Update Contra Costa County’s TRL Ordinance a. Recommendation: Prohibit Coupon Redemption and Discounts The current policy could be enhanced with evidence-based recommendations by the Public Health Law Center on the topic of tobacco coupons which increases effectiveness in reducing youth access to tobacco.4 Youth are price sensitive. Tobacco companies are aware that higher prices deter youth from using tobacco. Lower prices along with coupons or other price discounts, encourage youth to move from experimentation to regular tobacco use.5 To better protect youth from the dangers of tobacco use, it is recommended to update the ordinance to fully prohibit not only the distribution but also the acceptance of any coupons, discounts, or other promotional materials for tobacco products. b.) Recommendation: Include Anti-PUP (Purchase, Use, and Possession) Provisions in TRL Ordinance Historically, many retail licensing and other “youth access” laws have included penalties for underage people who purchase, use, or possess (or attempt to purchase, use, or possess) tobacco products. There is no evidence demonstrating that these laws are effective in reducing youth initiation, use of, or addiction to tobacco products. (Wakefield, Giovino, Teen Penalties for Tobacco Possession, Use, and Purchase: Evidence and Issue 12 Tobacco Control, 2003) Laws that penalize purchase, use, and possession, commonly referred to as “PUP laws,” seek to punish youth for buying, using, or having tobacco products if they are under 21 years old. These laws impose penalties on underage individuals. While the goal of this law is to help curb youth use of tobacco products, research and data indicate that PUP laws are often ineffective at reducing youth tobacco use and can cause more harm by criminalizing youth.6 Therefore, including a clause that specifically ensures youth are not criminalized is an important preventative step. 4 The Public Health Law Center is a nonprofit organization that offers comprehensive legal and policy support to public health professionals, policymakers, and advocates aiming to reduce tobacco use and its harmful effects. Their initiatives include drafting model policies, providing litigation support and offering guidance on regulatory measures to curb tobacco consumption. By promoting smoke-free environments and stricter tobacco regulations, the Public Health Law Center plays a crucial role in safeguarding public health and advancing tobacco-free communities. 5 Slater SJ, Chaloupka FJ, Wakefield M, Johnston LD, O’Malley PM. The Impact of Retail Cigarette Marketing Practices on Youth Smoking Uptake. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007;161(5):440–445. doi:10.1001/archpedi.161.5.440 6 PUP in Smoke: Why Youth Tobacco Possession and Use Penalties Are Ineffective and Inequitable. Change Lab Solutions. (n.d.). https://www.changelabsolutions.org/sites/default/files/2019- 05/PUPinSmoke_FINAL_2019-04-17.pdf 123 15 While the County ordinance does not currently have PUP clauses, TPP recommends including this language to ensure that PUP laws maintain the responsibility on retailers for selling to youth under 21 as a preventative measure to not penalize youth tobacco users. For example, the City of Lafayette states in their retail licensing ordinance “The city council does not intend and nothing in this chapter shall be interpreted to penalize the purchase, use, possession, or attempted purchase, use, or possession of tobacco products or tobacco paraphernalia by persons under 21 years of age; provided, however, that persons under 21 years of age remain subject to generally applicable laws regulating such conduct without respect to the person's age.”7 Similar language could be included in County’s ordinance. c.) Recommendation: Increase Minimum Pack Size from 10 Little Cigars/Cigarillos to 20 Little Cigars/Cigarillos: While the 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act requires cigarettes to come in packs of at least 20, there are no regulations on pack sizes for cigars and cigarillos. This allows companies to sell the products at very low prices, making them extremely appealing to price sensitive shoppers like youth).8 Currently the County ordinance has a minimum pack size of 10 and TPP recommends that little cigars/cigarillos pack size minimums be increased to 20. Additionally, evidence from cigarette regulations suggests that larger pack sizes can reduce consumption. Smokers may smoke less frequently if the cost per purchase is higher and if they need to commit to buying a larger quantity at once. It can also help discourage initiation - new smokers, particularly youth, are less likely to start smoking if the financial commitment is higher. A larger pack size may deter initiation of smoking among non-smokers. d.) Recommendation: Consider TRL Fee Study Results that Assess the TRL Administration and Enforcement Costs The annual local license fee can be calculated to cover the costs of an effective TRL program. The license fee can incorporate the cost of enforcing all tobacco laws related to tobacco retailing. As was mentioned in the report, in Unincorporated Contra Costa, the annual fee to retail tobacco is $287. This $287 fee was set 25 years ago prior to 2017, before the implementation and enforcement of the TRL ordinance took effect. The fee for a license can reimburse the total cost of administration and enforcement of ordinance 2019-34 including but not limited to, issuing a license, administering the license program, retailer education, retailer inspection and compliance checks, documentation of violations, and prosecution of violators. This fee would ensure that the full cost of TRL administration and enforcement is always covered. A higher yet reasonable fee would be sufficient to offset the regulatory cost and would ensure a reliable and sustainable funding source that is not dependent on the Department of Justice’s Tobacco Enforcement limited and competitive grant funding. Contra Costa County’s TRL fees are outdated and do not cover the growing inspection and 7 Municipal code | city of lafayette, CA. (n.d.). https://www.lovelafayette.org/city-hall/municipal-code 8 Mays, D., Johnson, A. C., Jeong, M., Ganz, O., Audrain-McGovern, J., Strasser, A. A., & Delnevo, C. D. (2024). Tobacco minimum packaging policy to reduce cigarillo use among young people: Results of an experimental study. Tobacco Control, 33(2), 164–170. https://doi.org/10.1136/tc- 2022-057304 124 16 enforcement costs. TPP plans to conduct a licensing program fee study and will come back to the full Board of Supervisors with a proposal. We anticipate the increase in fee to be between $769 and $1500 once the fee study is done. IX. Recommendations a. TPP requests that the TRL ordinance be updated with evidence based best practice recommendations that includes increasing the minimum pack size from 10 to 20 little cigars/cigarillos to deter youth purchase of tobacco products. b. TPP requests that the TRL ordinance be updated with evidence based best practice recommendations that include no discounts or coupon redemptions to deter youth purchase of tobacco products. c. TPP ask that the TRL ordinance be updated with evidence based best practice recommendations that include a purchase, use, and possession (PUP) clause to prevent criminalization of youth purchase, use, and possession of tobacco products. d. TPP staff asks the Board of Supervisors to consider the results of a TRL fee study, that assess the costs of TRL administration and enforcement, for review of a higher yet reasonable fee to offset the growing costs of inspections and enforcement. e. TPP ask that staff be directed to continue to inform the FHS Committee and Board of Supervisors of the FDA’s final decision on menthol cigarettes and flavored cigars, and to provide updates on emerging trends in tobacco retail environment that have an impact on youth use of vaping and use of other popular youth tobacco products. f. TPP asks that the FHS Committee and Board of Supervisors consider extending the contract period time for Alcohol and Other Drug Services (AODS) and the Office of Education Tobacco Use and Prevention Education Program (TUPE) cannabis education program through January 30, 2025, to allow for further stabilization of the program and use of funds. g. TPP asks the FHS Committee to accept the recommendations for TRL and direct staff to present, including the results of the fee study for consideration of a higher fee, to the Board of Supervisors. 125 17 Citations: Institute of Medicine. Ending the Tobacco Problem: A Blueprint for the Nation. Washington, DC. 2007. Available at: https://www.nap.edu/catalog/11795/ending-the-tobacco-problem-a- blueprint-for-the-nation. Community Preventive Services Task Force. Reducing Tobacco Use and Secondhand Smoke Exposure: Interventions to Increase the Unit Price for Tobacco Products. 2012. Available at: https://www.thecommunityguide.org/findings/tobacco-use-interventions-increase-unit-price- tobacco. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. State Cigarette Minimum Price Laws — United States, 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59(13):389-392. Chaloupka FJ, Cummings KM, Morley C, Horan J. Tax, price and cigarette smoking: evidence from the tobacco documents and implications for tobacco company marketing strategies. Tob Control. 2002;11(Supplement 1):i62-i72. doi: 10.1136/tc.11.suppl_1.i8 Jawad M, Lee JT, Glantz S, Millett C. Price elasticity of demand of non-cigarette tobacco products: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tob Control. 2018. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054056. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. STATE System Excise Tax Fact Sheet. https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/ factsheets/excisetax/ExciseTax.html. Accessed May 27, 2020. 60 Cal. Rev. & Tax. Code § 30111. Schleicher NC, Johnson T, Ahmad I, Henriksen L. Tobacco Marketing in California’s Retail Environment (2011–2014). Palo Alto, CA: Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine. 2015. Federal Trade Commission. Cigarette Report for 2018. 2019. Available at: https://www.ftc.gov/reports/federal-trade-commission-cigarette-report-2018-smokeless- tobacco-report-2018. Wang TW, Falvey K, Gammon DG, et al. Sales Trends in Price-Discounted Cigarettes, Large Cigars, Little Cigars, and Cigarillos-United States, 2011-2016. Nicotine Tob Res. 2018;20(11):1401-1406. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntx249 https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/11/health/cigarettes-flavor-ban-california.html PUP in Smoke: Why Youth Tobacco Possession and Use Penalties Are Ineffective and Inequitable. Change Lab Solutions. (n.d.). https://www.changelabsolutions.org/sites/default/files/2019-05/PUPinSmoke_FINAL_2019-04- 17.pdf 126 18 127 19 128 To: Family and Human Services Committee, Contra Costa Board of Supervisors From: Ori Tzvieli, MD Health Officer, Contra Costa County Public Health Director, Contra Costa Health Services Re: Annual Report on Implementation of Secondhand Smoke Protections Ordinance 2018-07 Date: 06/24/2024 I. Summary The Contra Costa Board of Supervisors adopted Smoke-free Multi-unit Residences (SFMUH) Ordinance 2018-07 on March 13, 2018, which increased secondhand smoke protections for persons and families living within multi-unit housing. Implementation of Ordinance 2018-07 for new and renewing leases began on July 1, 2018, whereas for continuing leases and owner- occupied units, implementation would start on July 1, 2019. This brief report is specific to the continued implementation of the broader Smoke-free Secondhand Protections (Division 445-4), technical assistance provided to the County and recommendations for future activities. II. Secondhand Smoke Ordinance Background Across the State of California, and nationally, Contra Costa County continues to be recognized as a leader in developing and implementing local tobacco control policies. The County’s secondhand smoke protections have been updated and strengthened by the Contra Costa Board of Supervisors for more than a decade, with additional policies being adopted in October 2009, October 2010, April 2013, June 2014, July 2017, and March 2018. Amendments to the County’s Secondhand Smoke policy (Division 445-4) have expanded secondhand smoke protections and include the following: requiring all County-owned properties be 100% smoke-free; the inclusion of electronic smoking devices and cannabis in defining “secondhand smoke”; and the expansion of 100% smoke-free multi-unit housing to include lease or other rental agreements in condos, townhomes, and the guest rooms of hotels and motels. Emerging Issues: Cannabis Cafes and The Impact on Smokefree Indoor Air There is concern from multiple organizations, universities, and researchers about the risk of cannabis secondhand smoke exposure for workers and patrons and the potential to weaken California's longstanding smoke-free restaurant and bar environments if on site cannabis consumption lounges are allowed. Cannabis smoke contains 3x the emissions of a Marlboro cigarette (Ott et al., 2021). The same standards that are in place for secondhand tobacco smoking should be in place for vaping and cannabis smoking, particularly because there are other modes of cannabis use that do not pollute indoor air (Rotering et al., 2021). The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) emphasize that ventilation is 129 not a solution to protecting health from secondhand smoke. Smoke-free indoor air should be prioritized. (American Nonsmokers’ Rights Foundation, n.d.-b, n.d.-a; Wohlwend, 2023) III. Implementation of Ordinance 2018-07 Since February 2023 Report The Smoke-free Multi-unit Residence (SFMUH) Ordinance 2018-07 is implemented through the activities of the Tobacco Prevention Program (TPP) for the Public Health Division of Contra Costa Health Services. TPP oversees a secondhand smoke complaint line and provides resources and education to community members about smoke-free multi-unit housing (SFMUH) tobacco control policies through email and phone calls. TPP Staff last reported to the Family and Human Services Committee in February 2023 on activities that took place from March to December 2022. The following is a summary of activities conducted from January 2023 through May 2024. From January 2023 through May 2024, TPP received 95 secondhand smoke complaints from residents and housing providers within the unincorporated areas and incorporated cities throughout the County. Housing providers are defined as property management companies, homeowners’ associations (HOA), and unit owners. TPP Staff monitors secondhand smoke complaints and inquiries and conducts follow-up by phone or email within 48 business hours. Figure 1. Process for Registering and Responding to Complaints Figure 1 describes the steps taken to register and respond to complaints and distinguishes the differences for complaints received from unincorporated Contra Costa County and incorporated cities. Unincorporated Inform & assess compliance with County Smoke-free Multi-unit Residence (SFMUH) Ordinance Provide Housing Providers (HP) with resources Most complaints resolved after providing resources to HP New complaint made for the same HP within 1 year of initial complaint results in a formal warning with a potential for fines TPP Staff will conduct a site visit to assess compliance with County SFMUH Ordinance TPP Staff will make recommendations to prevent future violationsIncorporatedVerify address & review local SFMUH policy Inform complainant about local policies & refer to appropriate resources, when applicable 130 Figure 2. Percentage of Multi-unit Housing (MUH) Complaints by Contra Costa Municipalities Figure 2 provides a distribution of the MUH complaints received throughout Contra Costa County, where 46% of the calls are for complaints experienced unincorporated Contra Costa. The next highest number of complaints came from the cities of Concord, Antioch, Richmond, and Walnut Creek. Figure 3. Percentage of MUH Calls in Unincorporated Contra Costa Areas Figure 3 shows the distribution of calls among the 36 calls received from unincorporated Contra Costa, with the most received from unincorporated Walnut Creek, and the next highest from Bay Point and El Sobrante. 46% 6%10% 5%5%1%3%3%3%6%5%6% MUNICIPALITY PERCENTAGE OF MULTI-UNIT (MUH) COMPLAINTS BY MUNICIPALITY (N=78) Alamo, 6% Bay Point, 22% Crockett, 6% Danville, 6% El Sobrante, 22% Walnut Creek, 31% Not specified, 8% PERCENTAGE MUH CALLS IN UNINCORPORATED AREAS (N=36) 131 Figure 4. Percentage of MUH Calls by Type of Smoke Complaint Figure 4 shows the distribution of calls by type of smoke complaint. Tobacco smoke makes up 60% of the complaints, including vaping. Cannabis makes up 14% of calls, and both tobacco and cannabis make up 23%. TPP also received calls (3%) regarding suspicious smoke drifting from nearby industrial businesses, as advised by environmental health. In addition to the 78 calls from MUH residents and housing providers this past 17 months, TPP Staff received 17 additional calls from environmental agencies, school administration, businesses, and single-family homeowners requesting educational resources around secondhand smoke and updated tobacco prevention information. IV. Technical Assistance to Contra Costa Cities Along with monitoring the county secondhand smoke complaint line, TPP Staff provided technical assistance to all jurisdictions to incorporate components comprehensive smoke-free multi-unit housing (SFMUH) ordinance, as recommended by the California Department of Public Health and the Public Health Law Center. This activity also included informing and educating those localities that do not yet have a comprehensive tobacco control policy to consider implementing protective secondhand smoke measures. This past year, staff has focused on providing education and technical assistance to stakeholders and policymakers in Pittsburg, Martinez, and Antioch. Resources and downloadable smoke-free signs are available in four languages on the CCH TPP website. Resources and downloadable smoke-free signs are available four languages on the CCH TPP website. The smoke-free signs highlight that cannabis, vaping, and cigarette smoke are prohibited in multi-unit housing. Smoke-free signage and decals are provided upon request to any unincorporated property. The secondhand smoke webpage has been updated to include a table of SFMUH policies across all Contra Costa municipalities. This table illustrates Contra Costa cities with and those without any secondhand smoke protections. This table also directs residents to where they can learn more about local municipal ordinances. New smokefree property guidance for housing providers will be added to the webpage as resources are being updated and will be 132 made available for use as a template for any jurisdiction and housing provider. Smoke-free messages that focus on reaching residents in unincorporated Contra Costa are posted regularly on the Tobacco Prevention Coalition’s Facebook and Instagram social media platforms in collaboration with TPP Staff regularly. V. Next Steps for Implementation of County SFMUH Ordinance 2018-07 TPP Staff will continue to respond to requests for tobacco and smoke-free education resources and technical assistance from residents, housing providers, and community partners by phone and by email. TPP Staff plans to resume auditing and inspecting properties at random to confirm compliance with the SFMUH tobacco control policies in early 2025 if funding is secured for these activities. Additionally, TPP Staff has developed a plan for a pilot incentive program to promote compliance with the county’s SFMUH Ordinance. This activity will provide free signs prohibiting smoking to housing providers in communication with TPP Staff in the upcoming reporting period. TPP Staff will also consider a need for additional housing provider education in areas of unincorporated Contra Costa from where complaints are made. TPP Staff will explore a collaboration with Environmental Health and Code Enforcement around educational presentations to staff and clients given an increase of secondhand smoke and tobacco waste calls from businesses and organizations. Presentations will inform businesses and organizations about the smoking prohibitions in places of employment, tips for enforcing the ordinance, and how to file complaints with the county. TPP Staff will determine resources that can be helpful for businesses and organizations, including signs prohibiting smoking or other applicable templates. Tobacco education will continue in incorporated cities as TPP Staff will continue to engage with local residents and decision-makers about comprehensive smoke-free policies and updated evidence-based, best practices around protections from secondhand smoke. VI. Recommendations a. TPP Staff requests that the Family and Human Services Committee accept the report and direct staff to continue to provide updates on implementation of the ordinance as part of staff’s annual report on Contra Costa’s Secondhand Smoke Protections Ordinance. 133 Citations: • American Nonsmokers’ Rights Foundation. (n.d.-a). On-Site Cannabis Consumption Policy Guidance Tip Sheet. American Nonsmokers’ Rights Foundation | No-Smoke.Org. Retrieved June 10, 2024, from https://no-smoke.org/on-site-cannabis-consumption-policy-guidance- tip-sheet/ • American Nonsmokers’ Rights Foundation. (n.d.-b). Protecting Nonsmokers from Secondhand Marijuana Smoke. American Nonsmokers’ Rights Foundation | No-Smoke.Org. Retrieved June 10, 2024, from https://no-smoke.org/protecting-nonsmokers-secondhand- marijuana-smoke/ • Ott, W. R., Zhao, T., Cheng, K.-C., Wallace, L. A., & Hildemann, L. M. (2021). Measuring indoor fine particle concentrations, emission rates, and decay rates from cannabis use in a residence. Atmospheric Environment: X, 10, 100106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2021.100106 • Rotering, T. L., Lempert, L. K., & Glantz, S. A. (2021). Emerging Indoor Air Laws for Onsite Cannabis Consumption Businesses in the U.S. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 61(6), e267–e278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2021.05.012 • Wohlwend, H. (2023, August 10). California Cannabis Café Bill Threatens Smokefree Protections. American Nonsmokers’ Rights Foundation | No-Smoke.Org. https://no- smoke.org/california-cannabis-cafe-bill-threatens-smokefree-protections/ 134