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HomeMy WebLinkAboutMINUTES - 07231996 - P2 P.2 THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS OF CONTRA COSTA COUNTY CALIFORNIA Adopted this Order on July 23 , 1996 by the following vote: AYES: Supervisors Rogers, Bishop, DeSaulnier, Torlakson, Smith NOES: None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None ----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- SUBJECT: Mental Health Commission Annual.. Report Annual Report To The Board of Supervisors IT IS BY THE BOARD ORDERED that the report from the Mental Health Commission is ACCEPTED. I hereby certify that this is a true and correct copy of an action taken and entered on the minutes of the Board of Supervisors on the date shown. ATTESTED: July 23, 1996 PHIL BATCHELOR, Clerk of the Board of Supervisors and County Administrator By �. ,Deputy cc: Mental Health Health Services Department %`• MENTAL HEALTH DIVISION • .f ;w 595 Center Avenue, Suite 200 Martinez, California 94553 Mental Health Director (51.0)313-6411 Medical Director (510)370-5720 Director,Planning/Mgmt:Support (510)313-6414 Adult/OlderAdult Program Chief ,(510)370-5460 r`4`�OiJIz" Children/Adolescent Program Chief ''(510)313-6408 May 30, 1996 California Mental Health Planning Council Department of Mental Health 1600 Ninth Street, Room 100 Sacramento, CA 95814 Dear Council Members: Enclosed, please find Contra Costa County's' report regarding "Interpreting Adult Performance Outcome Measures: Wave 1 to Wave 3 . " The report was developed jointly by the Mental Health Commission and the Mental Health .Division in a committee format. The draft report from the committee contained a brief .summary of the .background of the survey (summarized from the workbook) , and an analysis of the significant domains for our county. A public hearing to review the report was held on May 23, 1996. The suggestions .and recommendations from the public hearing were incorporated into the final report. Also, the Commission voted to send the report to the Board of Supervisors as part of their Annual Report. If you have any questions about the report, please call Nancy Brewster at (510) 313-6423 . Sinc ly, Lorna Bastian, Director . Mental Health Division Tck /6v4*IZ4-111-1 Ralph. Hoffmann, Chair Mental Health Commission pr Enclosure A-371 (7/94) Contra Costa County �r CONTRA COSTA COUNTY ADULT PERFORMANCE OUTCOME DATA REPORT FISCAL YEAR 1993-94 By the ADULT PERFORMANCE OUTCOME REVIEW COMMITTEE Contributors: Mental Health Commissioners and Other Participants Herb Putnam, Commissioner, Chair Wayne Simpson, Commissioner Kathy Simpson, Family Member Marika Urso, Commissioner Mental Health Division Staff Robert P. Moody, Ph.D. , Adult/Older Adult Program Chief Nancy Brewster, M.S.W. , Adult Services Support CONTRA COSTA COUNTY ADULT PERFORMANCE OUTCOME DATA REPORT Table of Contents Section I: Adult Performance Outcome Data Report Section II: Summary of Adult Performance Outcome Data Workbook. Required Information Appendix: Fiscal Year 1993/94 Mental Health Program Listing by Type and Service CONTRA COSTA COUNTY ADULT PERFORMANCE OUTCOME DATA REPORT Background Realignment gave local mental health departments greater flexibility over their resources and greater autonomy to develop mental health systems that respond to their unique local needs. In addition, realignment incorporated many aspects of system reform advocated by the California Mental Health Master Plan. "`These system reform proposals aimed to create a mental health system that is more responsive to the needs and desires of persons with serious mental illness and their family members. Performance outcome measures were established in statute as a counterbalance to greater local flexibility and autonomy and to gauge' the system's progress toward accomplishing system reform. In addition, performance outcome measures are designed to make. the accomplishments of the mental health system , more tangible to policymakers in the Legislature and on county governing bodies. Specifically, performance outcome measures are intended to quantify for each county measurable changes in the lives . of clients to determine if mental health services are improving basic aspects of clients' quality of life. Additionally, performance outcome measures can be used to identify the strengths and weaknesses in a county's adult system of care. Sampling and Data Collection The Department of Mental Health (DMH) established parameters to select clients to be included..for sampling. One hundred and seven (107) clients were selected to be included in the Contra Costa County sampling. A client had to possess the following characteristics: • a diagnosed major mental disorder; • be at least 18 years of age; and • have had at least five contacts with a county's mental health system in the three-month period sampled. A contact was defined as one unit of service, for example, one outpatient visit, one medication visit, one contact with a .case manager, or one day of hospitalization. Strengths and Limitations of Performance Outcome Data This project for developing and using performance outcome data is a first step in developing a method of accountability for local mental health programs in a realigned mental health system. It may be a step toward developing a useful tool that can help counties analyze what aspects of their adult system of care are working well for clients and what aspects need more attention.. However, use of the data needs to be tempered by a realization of their limitations. The method of constructing the sample, the validity of the client data base from which the sample was drawn, how the surveys were administered, etc. , could all affect the Adult Performance Outcome Data Report pt Page 2 . outcomes. One effect of the sampling criteria is that some mental health clients were screened out of the sample. For example, some clients who do not need to use services frequently, clients with geographical barriers to accessing services, or homeless clients who are mentally ill and avoid the service system, , were less likely to have been included in the sample. It should be noted that a 12-month study of the effects of-,mental health services on individual clients is not likely to reveal significant change or improvement. Change in the results of system outcome measures for clients with serious mental illnesses typically does not show up until services have been provided for at least two to three years. Another important characteristic of serious and persistent mental illness is its cyclical nature in which clients can make significant gains and then have setbacks.- Linear etbacks.Linear progress cannot necessarily be expected. Caution needs to be exercised in using the data for making comparisons. These data cannot be used to evaluate -or compare individual programs within a county because the sample is only valid for generalizing at the county level. to clients who meet the sampling criteria. Interpreting the differences when comparing the results among counties is difficult because different socio- econom ic,. political, and demographic conditions in each county and varying. levels of resources influence the results. Comparisons with statewide data averages have. more validity, but are limited by the individual county differences mentioned above. Explanation of Terms This project collected data on six domains: living situation, financial, engaging in productive activity, avoiding legal problems, physical health, and social support network. A domain is a cluster of performance concerns all related to one aspect of a client's life. Data were collected on 21 performance outcome measures across the six domains. It was determined that the performance of local mental health programs in each domain could be most accurately analyzed by using it of the 21 performance outcome measures. The 11 performance outcome measures used in this analysis are called "key indicators." Each domain has two key indicators except for the financial domain, which has only one. Analyging the Performance Outcome Measures by Domain for . Contra Costa County An original sample size of 107 was estimated for Contra Costa County in order to achieve a 95 percent confidence level so that the differences occurring were not due to random chance. The survey was sent to the primary clinician assigned to the individual. This may have been, for example, a case manager, conservator, or psychiatrist. The survey included a mixture of clients in county-operated and contract-operated programs. Wave 1 produced 76 completed surveys. In Wave 3 , only 51 completed surveys were returned, which is substantially lower than the required number. Adult Performance Outcome Data Report Page Of the six domains, only two (2) showed statistically significant results from the statewide average: Living Situation (below) and Engaging in Productive Daily Activity (above) . A third domain, Social Support Network, deviated 7 percent (below) . Domain: Living situation (Significantly below statewide average) ti 5 Key Indicator: "Living in House or Apartment Without Supervision" The.percentage who met. the criterion for this key 'indicator went from 32 percent (Wave 1) to 19 percent (Wave 3) . The County"s result was below the statewide average for this. indicator. However, because of the small sample, the number of clients involved in Wave 1 was 15, which went down to 9 in Wave 3 , this may not be a sufficient number 'to indicate any significance. Also, it is difficult to define what would be called "support" versus what would be interpreted as "supervision" in various residential settings. Key Indicator: "Satisfied with Living Situation" This indicator went from 55 percent (Wave 1) to 82 percent (Wave . 3) . As the statewide average was 83 in Wave 3, this result is not statistically significant. Domain: Financial. Key Indicator: "Income Above Poverty Level" This result is not statistically different from the statewide average. Domain: Productive Daily Activities (Significantly above statewide average) Key Indicator: ::Engaging in Productive Daily Activity" The County's outcome was substantially and significantly above the statewide average in both Wave 1 and Wave- 3 . Key Indicator: "Working .One or More Hours Per Week" This result is not statistically different from the .statewide average. Domain: Avoid Legal Problems Key Indicator: "Not Arrested in the Last Six Months" Key Indicator: "Not Crime Victim in Last Six Months" These results were not significantly different from the statewide average. Adult Performance outcome Data Report ^ ' Page 4 i Domain: Physical Health Key Indicator: "Received Physical Health Care From Nurse or Physician in Last Two Years" Key Indicator: "Received Dental Care in Last Two Years" These results were not statistically different from the statewide average. Domain: Social Support Network Key Indicator: "Using Social Support Network for Material Help" In Wave 1, this indicator was within 1 percent of the statewide average. However, by Wave 3, the statewide average slipped to. 68 percent, County slipped to 61 percent, creating a -7 percent . spread. This was not considered significant. Key Indicator: "Doing Activities With Friends" In Wave 1 for this indicator, the County was 11 percent below the statewide. average, but by Wave 3 had come up to within 2 percent of the statewide average, not considered statistically significant. Adult Performance Outcome Data Report Page 5 Recommendations Perhaps, more important than the validity of the survey or the significance, or lack of significance, of the findings is that the outcomes collaborate our County's understanding of the needs and priorities which still desperately need to be addressed. Planning efforts over the last several years, including prior to FY 1993/.94, have strongly highlighted the weakest areas of our system. ,, ,It is the opinion of the Performance Outcome Review Committee that Contra Costa's performance outcomes would be significantly improved if. the . Mental Health Division were to establish an array of housing and vocational options/alternatives with appropriate supports ranging from: • an IND within the County • non-hospital crisis beds as an alternative to hospitalization as well as step down beds for those discharged from the hospital, • an enhanced, supported, open ended board and ..;care home contracted for/funded by the county _(not owner-operated facilities) • group homes supported by county staff; medical technicians to provide medication twice daily when needed; a cook to provide a hot meal daily; single rooms for privacy and independence. • sufficient Section 8 certificates to enable those consumers who wish to live in private housing with appropriate supports to be able to do so. • increase innovative employment and vocational opportunities in the community, both in the private and public sectors: pre- vocational/job readiness program, job developers, job coaches, etc. Funds for establishing these alternatives could partially come from future state hospital and inpatient savings. During the year that this performance outcome data was sampled, Contra Costa County phased out of. 34 Napa beds (from 71 down to 37) . With this phase down, state hospital costswere reduced to $4.7 million in FY 1993/94, compared to $7.5 million previously spent in FY 1992/93 . Of this $2.8 million savings, approximately $800,000 was used for alternatives to state hospitals (i.e. , Telecare and Highview) ,. and the remaining $2.0 million became' a reduction in the County Mental Health budget. The Mental Health Division must protect any future savings in order to develop community alternatives. The addition of the two psychiatric wards in the new county hospital will provide a cheerful, modern facility for those consumers who require inpatient facilities. We commend the Board of Supervisors for taking this action. Let us keep in mind as we use this data for planning for service improvement that many of the mentally ill can take responsibility for the treatment of their illnesses, and the family can be a valuable resource in treatment and advocacy. Mental illness is not a life sentence. Healing is possible. Life can be meaningful. There is hope. The mentally ill have valuable contributions to make given proper treatment, opportunity and respect. The Adult Performance Outcome Review Committee, May, 1996 ADULT PERFORMANCE OUTCOME DATA WORKBOOK REQUIRED INFORMATION SUMMARY Representativeness of Your County's Sample and Survey Administration I. Is the sample used for your county representative of your adult target population? If not, why? For the most part, the Wave I sample of 107 individuals was representative of the adult.target population,with the exception of the high`percentage that was sampled from clients residing in IMDs and/ormere under conservatorship. While the 1994 Housing Report showed approximately 1.5 percent of clients spent some time in state hospitals and IMDs during FY 1993-94,* the sample included 15 clients (or 20 percent of Wave 1 actual sample size) who were residing in IMDs. Based on computer compilation of billable cases for the period May 1, 1993, through April 30, 1994, only 4 percent were being ,served by the county's Conservatorship program, whereas the sample included 17 individuals, or 22 percent of Wave 1 actual sample size.** II. Who administered the instruments for each wave: mental health staff, direct consumers, family members,or others? Mental Health clinical staff administered the instruments. Process for Completing the Workbook I. _ Describe the process used,by the MHB/C and the local mental.health department and the roles played by each entity and their contribution to the,finished product. A small committee of Mental Health Commission members and County Adult Services support staff held several meetings to discuss the findings and the response to findings where there was significant deviation. The three domains which showed deviation from the statewide average were.: Living Situation, Productive Activities, and Social Support Network. The finished product was submitted to the Mental Health Director and the Mental Health Commission. H. Describe the public review process used for completing the workbook. A public hearing was held at the regular meeting of the Mental Health Commission on May 23, 1996. The draft Adult Performance Outcome Data Report was presented,with overhead displays of the significant domains addressed in the report. A discussion and question/answer period followed, with public attendees and Mental Health Commissioner participation. The input and feedback from this discussion was incorporated in the final report. *Housing Report of the CCC Mental Health Commission, June 28, 1994, page IV "Ibid., page 12 Description of Adult System of Care I. Description of your overall resource base Total funds and revenues for fiscal year ending June 30, 1994 were $42,197,311. Sixty-seven percent (67%) or $28,272,198 represented resources spent on mental health services for adults. . yy II. Description of your adult system of care in fiscal year 1993-94 Overview With a shift in the target population, the goal for Fiscal Year 1993-94 was to further develop a community support model of service delivery providing the most intense level of services to individuals with the highest degree,of functional impairment who were at risk of costly, often unnecessary, hospitalization or institutionalization. Concurrently, it was our goal to return to a lower level of care .those individuals with serious mental illness who were institutionalized and were appropriate and ready.for a lower level of care. In keeping with the principles of the State. Plan, PL 99-660, PL 102-321 and AB 1288, services were delivered in a framework of an integrated system of care designed to include all major mental health providers within the current system--county and contract programs-- and other county,services such as Conservatorship, Substance Abuse, forensic and inpatient services. Commencing in the third quarter_of Fiscal Year 1993-94, adult services began implementation of Coordinated Services, which provided a new structure to ensure better coordination,and integration of services to adults with SMI. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION • Target Population The adult system of care target population included adults with SMI who are 18 and over who are functionally disabled. Special consideration was given to homeless clients with SMI. Pursuant to Section 1912(c) of the Public Mental Health Services Act; as amended by Public Law 102-321, "adults with a serious mental illness" are persons: - age 18 and over - - who currently or at any time during the past year - have had a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder of sufficient duration to meet diagnostic criteria specified within DSM-I11-R - that has resulted in functional impairment which subsequently interferes with or limits one or more major life activities. Functional impairment is defined as difficulties that substantially interfere with or limit role functioning in one or more major life activities, including basic daily living skills (e.g., eating, bathing, dressing);instrumental living skills(e.g.,maintaining a household,managing money, getting around the community, taking prescribed medication); and functioning in social, family, and vocational/education contexts. Adult Performance Outcome Data Workbook 3 SERVICES OFFERED In addition to our regular services (see attached program listings by type of service in the Appendix) the following projects were undertaken during FY 1993-94: (1) Assessment/Monitoring of Clients With SMI Residing in Institutions/Facilities A 1.0 FTE Clinical Nurse Specialist provided assessment and ongoing monitoring and case management services to individuals residing in Napa State Hospital and the IMDs; attended monthly and quarterly treatment meetings at each facility; minimum once a month face-to-face contact with each individual and written summary of individual's. status; participate in discharge planning efforts by presenting information for discharge to the Bed Review Committee; and facilitated linkage with conservators and .outpatient case management assignment upon discharge. (2) Training of.Community Support Worker staff Contra Costa County Mental Health Division developed a.contract with Mental Health Consumer Concerns, Office For Family Involvement and Client Empowerment (O.F.F.I.C.E) to .establish a training program for consumers interested in securing volunteer and/or paid positions in County or contract mental health.programs. (See Page 7, "Domain: Productive Daily Activities".) (3) Housing for Adults With S]yII (a) A housing consultant was hiredto evaluate existing housing programs,establish the need, and.to mai imine .our housing resources to best meet the needs of our target population. Funding opportunities were also explored to develop, and thus increase, the overallsupply of community-based housing alternatives for the adult population with SMI. (b) Contracted_with Housing for. Independent People, Inc., to operate Semi Supervised Living Residential Treatment Programs for adults with SMI at two locations: Santa Fe in Pittsburg and Clayton Way in Concord. This supportive housing program provided affordable housing for adults with SMI who,for the most part, never maintained a successful living arrangement. Other Information (1) Circle the number of this 5-point scale that approximates the degree to which your county had implemented the Rehabilitation Option in fiscal year 1993-94. 1 2 X 3 4 5 Clinic Rehabilitation Option Option Adult Performance Outcome Data Workbook 4 (2) Proportion of services county-operated versus contracted out Thirty-nine percent (39%) of the services for adults were contracted out, and sixty- one percent (61%) were county operated. (3) Efforts to provide culturally competent services An Ethnic Services Committee was formed that is addressing(on an on-going basis) the service needs of our various ethnic populations and assuring that our services are culturally competent. Analysis of Domains with Sign'if'icant Endings. DOMAIN: LIVING SITUATION General Discussion of Domain The Ad Hoc Planning Committee of the Contra Costa County Mental Health Advisory Commission was formed in.early 1993 to provide a vehicle through which a broad array of mental health constituencies could provide input into planning and developing the County's Mental Health Services. The focus of the recommendations proposed in this report was a "measured:movement away from institutional.care and toward a community support services system". The report identified some urgently needed supports in the community: • Support people in their own housing,using 24-hour services only when a person needs a more structured. situation that cannot be provided in his/her own home. Develop a range of services which can be used to help a person stay in his/her own living situation, with family, or with friends during a time of crisis. .Expand supported housing services, so that more emphasis can be placed on prevention of crises. Establish a fund for housing and utility deposits. . Develop strategies to maintain a person's regular living situation during times when they may need to use 24-hour services. Loss of community housing makes it extremely difficult to discharge people as soon as they are ready. • Seek funds for housing. Revisit and update the Mental Health Division Special User Housing Plan, November, 1988. Develop a joint Housing, Community Development and Mental Health Task Force to take the lead in developing housing in Contra Costa County for people with mental disabilities. • Explore the possibility of negotiating Section 8 vouchers from the Housing Authority to be set aside for people with mental disabilities. • Designate a County staff person with responsibility for coordination of housing activities. Adult Performance Outcome Data Workbook 5 As a follow-up to Ad Hoc Planning Committee report,which was adopted on June 24, 1993, an Adult Committee of the Mental Health Commission undertook a study of existing and needed housing within Contra Costa County during FY 1993-94. Members of the Commission, family members, consumers,. and staff members from the County Division of Mental Health participated in the study. This report recommended an in-depth housing plan which was adopted by the Mental Health Commission on June 28, 1994. The Mental Health Division was committed to implementing the plan by reallocating savings resulting through the decreased use of higher levels of care, i.e., state hospitals and IMDs. Through this planning effort, as well as Special User Plans developed in 1988 and 1989, the following residential programs were developed, or were in the process of being developed, during FY 93/94. PROGRAM/PROVIDER REGION CAPACITY TYPE Clayton Way, HIP C 6 beds Residential Treatment Sante Fe, HIP E 8 beds Supported Independent Living Kirker Court, HIP C 25 beds Supported Independent Living . River House, HIP/Eden C 25-30 rooms Single Room Occupancy for mentally disabled Pine House, Phoenix W 5 beds Transitional Maple House, Phoenix C 5 beds Transitional San Joaquin, Rubicon W 9 beds Transitional Conclusions Regarding Outcome of Key Indicators While the percentage who met the criteria of "Living in House or Apartment Without Supervision' went from 32 percent (Wave I) to 19 percent (Wave 3), the number of clients (15 down to 9) is not sufficient enough to indicate a significant decrease in the County's performance in this domain. It is difficult to define what would be called "support" versus what would be interpreted as "supervision" in various settings. O Adult Performance Outcome Data Workbook 6 Given the 33 percent decrease in returned surveys between Wave 1 (76) and Wave 3 (51), there may have been a higher percentage of clients living in IMDs in Wave 3 because they were easier to locate and survey within the given timeframe period. The Housing Report (June 28, 1994) found that "nearly 2,250 (almost 32 percent) of the County's clients are currently living on their.own, without any formal supervision and, most often, without any housing related support (other than that provided by their families)". Recommendations for Improvement in this Domain The recommendations that were made in the 1994 Housing Report are still as relevant, and as crucial, today. 0. Survey consumers to ascertain their preferences and needs. • Develop alternative housing options for adult clients living at home. • Collaborate with cities, planning commissions, and housing developers to urge/encourage the development of affordable housing. • Increase access to existing community housing. • Provide a full range of support services, on site when necessary, to help maintain people in their own homes. 0 Include more consumers as housing support staff members. • Help Board and Care operators to upgrade their services and encourage/prepare clients to move on to independent living situation. • Provide supportive services.to persons residing in SROs. • Retain and expand transitional housing and residential treatment programs. 0 Place emphasis on preserving permanent residences and preventing homelessness. • Focus on upgrading programming at INIDs and continue to develop alternative placements. • Strengthen the provision of mental health services to homeless people. Together, these recommendations will provide. measured movement toward our .goal increasing and maintaining a diverse supply of safe, affordable, permanent community housing, together with the supportive services which are needed to maintain clients in the housing of their choice. These recommendations will also serve to strengthen and improve those special residential services which are, and will continue to be,needed until both the clients and the system are fully prepared for independent living. Adult Performance Outcome Data Workbook 7 DOMAIN: PRODUCTIVE DAILY ACTIVITIES General Discussion of Domain Contra Costa County was fortunate to have three nationally accredited vocational VKograms which provide services to persons with severe mental disabilities. These programs, operated by non-profit contract agencies (Rubicon, Phoenix, and Many Hands), are located in West, Central, and East County. They provided sheltered employment, vocational counseling, work service and adjustment, job placement and supported employment or follow-up maintenance services for those placed in community jobs. These programs were funded by a combination of revenues from County Mental Health, California State Department of Rehabilitation and revenues generated by agencies. . TWO of the programs provided employment via Javitts, Wagner, and O'Day set aside contracts at federal government installations. Contra Costa County has funded vocational services on a consistent basis in the Central and East regions. West County funding has been negligible for several years. All three organizations, to a greater or lesser extent, rely on agency businesses to help support their vocational services. Although the California State Department of Rehabilitation funded job placement programs at the three agencies, there was not enough money in these contracts to provide the long- term follow-along services needed by many persons with severe mental disabilities. The County also offers several day treatment programs,both intensive(partial hospital)-and rehabilitative, in all three regions; These programs, both county-operated and -contract- operated (Rubicon Day Center, Synthesis Day Center, Phoenix Center, and, at that time, Many Hands) has a total service capacity of approximately 75 - 100 individuals at any one time. Approximately 20 percent of the individuals in the Wave 1 sample were enrolled in day treatment programs. In FY 1993-94, utilizing SAMHSA funds, Contra Costa County Mental Health Division contracted with Mental Health Consumer Concerns/O.F.F.I.C.E. to establish a training program for consumers interested in.securing volunteer and/or paid positions in County or contract mental health programs. While consumers were not hired until FY 1994-95, many participated in on-the-job training as part of this program. Graduates of the first training are working and volunteering throughout the county in a variety of settings. Four graduates were selected to work as paid Community Support Workers at county programs and clinics; two graduates returned to paid positions at Mental Health Consumer Concerns and Many Hands; and one graduate was hired in a paid non-mental health job. In addition, a number of graduates are now volunteering on the inpatient wards at Merrithew Memorial Hospital, with Mental Health Consumer Concerns, with O.F.F.I.C.E., and with Many Hands. Conclusions Reizarding Outcome of Key Indicators. Contra Costa County's performance on this outcome measure is significantly above the statewide average. While the percentage seems high, and this was a very pleasant I performance outcome, there is still much to be accomplished and developed in this area. i I i ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES INPATIENT HEALTH SERVICES The provision of diagnostic and .treatment services, under the direction of a physician, in An acute hospital setting. Limited to persons who are suffering an acute episode of illness, i.e., posing a substantial danger to self or society or exhibiting "confusion, impaired judgment or uncooperative behavior" to the extent that diagnosis and treatment cannot be ensured at a lower level of care. _[ Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region (Identifying Info) Merrithew, I Ward Psychiatric Ward in County Hospital for 18 beds C 2500 Alhambra Avenue adults (18-65), with or without E Martinez, CA 94553 insurance. Admission through Psychiatric W 370-5740 Emergency Services. Merrithew, J Ward Same as above 17 beds C 2500 Alhambra Avenue E Martinez, CA 94553 W 370-4730 East Bay Hospital Private psychiatric hospital for persons N/A 820 - 23rd Street over age 18, who have Medi-Cal, Medicare,- Richmond, edicare;Richmond, CA 94804 or other insurance. 234-2525 Walnut Creek Hospital Private psychiatric hospital with N/A 175 LaCasa Via separate wards for children, teens, and Walnut Creek, CA 94598 adults. Require Medicare or other 933-7990 insurance not Medi-Cal alone). First Hospital Vallejo Same As Walnut Creek Hospital N/A 525 Oregon Street Vallejo, CA ' 94590 = 707 648-2200 Napa State Hospital State Hospital Bed categories include: 25 beds* N/A 2100 Napa Vallejo Continuing Medical (SNF) Highway 'ICF/Acute Napa, CA 94558-6293 Alternate Care (ICF) (707) 253-5000 * We have 5 Youth beds at Napa State Hospital, for a total of 30 beds. 1 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES CRISIS STABILIZATION URGENT CARE: This is an immediate face-to-face response lasting less than 24 hours, to or on behalf of an individual exhibiting acute psychiatric symptoms, provided at a certified Mental Health Rehabilitation provider site. The goal is to avoid the need for Inpatient Services by alleviating problems and symptoms which, if not treated, present an imminent threat to the individual or others' safety or substantially increase the risk of the individual becoming gravely disabled. Services provided to individuals in a Crisis Stabilization - Urgent Care program are not based in 24 hour health care facilities or hospital based outpatient programs. Services shall be available 24 hours per day. EMERGENCY ROOM: This is an immediate face-to-face response lasting less than 24 hours, to or on behalf of an individual exhibiting acute psychiatric symptoms, provided in a 24. hour health facility or hospital based outpatient program. The goal is to avoid the need for Inpatient Services by alleviating problems and symptoms which, if not treated, .present an imminent threat to the individual or others' safety or substantially increase the risk of the individual becoming gravely disabled. Services provided to individuals in a Crisis Stabilization - Emergency Room program must be separate and distinct from services provided to individuals in an Inpatient facility or 24 hour health care facility. Services shall be available 24 hours per day. Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region (Identifying Info) West County URGENT CARE: Services include but are W Psychiatric Emergency not limited to crisis intervention, 256 24th St. assessment, evaluation, collateral, Richmond, CA 94804 medication support and therapy. 374-3420 Merrithew, E Ward URGENT CARE: Services include but are C 2500 Alhambra Avenue not limited to crisis intervention, Martinez, CA 94553 assessment, evaluation, collateral, 370-5700 medication support and therapy. EMERGENCY ROOM: Same as above, except provided in a 24 hour health facility or hospital based outpatient program. 2 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES COLLATERAL contact with significant support person(s) in the client's life. ASSESSMENT of the client's mental and emotional history and current status (including diagnosis and testing procedures, as needed) and community functioning evaluation. BRIEF THERAPY to reduce symptoms and functional impairments, delivered to a client or group of clients (including families). CRISIS INTERVENTION — emergency services to enable the client to cope with a crisis, provided by telephone or face-to,-face, anywhere in the community. Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region (Identifying Info) East County CMHC Provides mental health services, as E 550 School St. defined above, for the SPMI population Pittsburg who qualify for SD/MC. 427-8110 Hours 8-5 P.M., M-F. N* West County CMHC Same as above. W 3900 Bissell Ave. Room 2400 Richmond 374-3061 Central County CMHC Same as above. C• 1026 Oak Grove Road Suite 12, Concord 646-5480 Desarrollo Familiar; Provides mental health services for the W Familias Unidas** Spanish-speaking population as defined 205 39th St. above. Staff is bilingual-bicultural. Richmond Hours 9-5:30 P.M., M-Th.; 412-5930 1-5 P.M., Friday. N* Crisis and Suicide Provides 24 hour, 7 days/week crisis C .Intervention of intervention, suicide prevention and E Contra Costa mental health rehabilitative services. W P.O. Box 4852 Walnut Creek, CA 94596 939-1916 Community Living See Page 8 ic -Program** Pine House** See Page 8 W. Nevin House** See Page 8 W Nierika House** See Page 7 C Phoenix Center** See Page 6 C Rubicon Independent See Page 8 W Living Services** Many Hands** See Page 11 E Maple House** See Page 8 C * N = Spanish-speaking capability ** These services are rendered only to clients enrolled in this program. 3 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES MEDICATION SUPPORT SERVICES Includes prescribing, administering, dispensing and monitoring psychiatric medications necessary to alleviate the 'symptoms of mental illness--provided by a staff person within the scope of practice of his/her profession. Includes: evaluation of need, effective- ness and side effects of medication, obtaining informed consent, medication education, and plan development. yS Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region (Identifying Info) East County CMHC Provides medication support services, as E 550 School St. defined above, for the SPMI population Pittsburg who qualify for SD/MC. 427-8110 Hours 8-5 P.M., M-F. West County CMHC Same as above. W .3900 Bissell Ave. Room 2400 Richmond 374-3061 West County Partial Same as above. W Hospital** 256 24th St. Richmond 374-3467 Central County CMHC Same as above. N* C 1026 Oak Grove Road Suite 12, Concord 646-5480 , a Desarrollo Familiar; See Page .3 W Familias Unidas** Nierika House**. See Page 7 C Phoenix Center** See Page 6 C Rubicon Independent See Page 8 W Living Services** * N = Spanish-speaking capacity ** These services are rendered only to clients enrolled in this program. 4 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES CASE MANAGEMENT/BROKERAGE SERVICES Case management/brokerage services are activities provided to access medical, educational, social, prevocational, vocational, rehabilitative or other needed community services for eligible clients. The case management/brokerage billing category includes: (1) Linkage and Consultation (2) Placement Services (3) Plan Development Other case management activities include: (4) Evaluation and Re-evalution (to be billed as Mental Health Services) (5) Assistance with Daily Living (to be billed as Mental Health Services) (6) Emergency Intervention (to be billed as Crisis Intervention) Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region (Identifying Info) East County CMHC Provides case management/brokerage E 550 School St. services, as defined above, for the Pittsburg SPMI population. Hours 8-5 P.M., M-F. 427-8110 N* West County CMHC Same as above. W 3900 Bissell Ave. Room 2400 Richmond 374-3061 Central County CMHC Same as above. C 1026 Oak Grove Road Suite 12, Concord 646-5480 Desarrollo Familiar; See Page 3 W Familias Unidas** Community Living See Page 8 C Program** Pine House** See Page 8 W Nevin House** See Page 8 W Nierika House** See Page 7 C Phoenix Center** See Page 6 C * N = Spanish-speaking capacity ** These services are rendered only to clients enrolled in this program. 5 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES DAY TREATMENT A packaged program of activities, provided to a distinct group of individuals, in an organized and structured setting at a clearly established site. Services are to be available at least three hours and less than .24 hours each day the program is open. DAY TREATMENT INTENSIVE provides a multi-disciplinary treatment program as an alternative to hospitalization to avoid placement in a more restrictive setting or to maigtain the individual in a community setting. Staff:client ratio is 1:8. DAY REHABILITATION provides evaluation,. rehabilitation and therapy to maintain or restore personal independence and functioning consistent with requirements for learning and development. Staff:client ration is 1:10. Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region (Identifying Info) Many Hands, Inc. REHABILITATION (half day) : Serves adults 30 _-. 35 E 1231 Loveridge Road who are in the process of recovering from Pittsburg, CA 94565 a psychiatric episode which may have 432-1171 included hospitalization. Partial Hospital INTENSIVE: The morning program (9 a.m. - AM 20-25 W Program 2 p.m.) serves a less acute population, 256 24th St. while the afternoon.program (1:30 p.m. - PM 10-15 Richmond, CA 94804 5:30 p.m.) is targeted to clients in 374-3467 crisis and/or risk of immediate hospitalization. N* Rubicon Day Center REHABILITATION (FULL DAY): Serves adults 25 W. 2500 Bissell Ave. who are recovering from.an acute episode Richmond, CA 94804 and who are interested in pre-vocational 234-2204 training. 9:00 a.m. ' ' 2:00 .m., M-F Synthesis Day Center REHABILITATION (FULL DAY): Serves adults 25 W 169 6th St. who have histories of long-term Richmond, CA 94801 psychiatric hospitalization and high 236-0796 levels of functional impairment. (9:00 a.m. - 2:00 p.m., M-F) Phoenix Center REHABILITATION (FULL DAY) : Serves adults 45-50 C 2290 Willow Pass Rd. who are in the. process of recovering from Concord, CA 94520 a psychiatric episode which may have 680-0222 included hospitalization. (9:00 a.m. - 2:30 p.m., M, T, Th, F; 9:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m., W) * N = Spanish-speaking capacity 6 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES CRISIS RESIDENTIAL Therapeutic and/or rehabilitation services provided in a 24-hour.residential treatment program as an alternative to hospitalization for individuals experiencing an acute psychiatric episode or crisis, and who do not present medical complications requiring nursing care. Individuals are supported in their efforts torestore, maintain and apply interpersonal and independent living skills, and access community support systems. Interventions which focus on symptom reduction shall also be available. This is a structured, packaged program with services available day and night, seven day$ a week. Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region (Identifying Info) Nierika House Serves clients at risk for a psychiatric 12 C 1959/1967 Solano Way emergency visit and/or hospitalization. Concord, CA 94520 The referral should be made as early in 676-9768 the crisis episode as possible. Case management referral and participaton in treatment is strongly encouraged. Brief length of stay until crisis situation is stabilized and client can. return to the community. 7 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESIDENTIAL SERVICES Rehabilitation services provided in a non-institutional residential setting where individuals are supported in their efforts to restore, maintain and apply interpersonal and independent living skills, and community support systems. Program. Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region (Identifying Info) Nevin House (Phoenix) Services include but are not limited to 12 W 3215/3221 Nevin Ave. instruction in basic living skills, Richmond, CA medication compliance/education, social/ 232-7633. communication skills, money management and community living skills. Pine House (Phoenix) Semi-supervised living situation 5 W especially ,for adults with a dual (Contact Nevin House - diagnosis leaving Nevin House, who need see above. ) additional structured living situation while increasing their use of community resources. Community Living Semi-supervised living consisting of 5 C Program (Phoenix) satellite housing, assisted independent 3720 Clayton Rd., Ill living, to increase participant's ability Concord, CA 94521 to live as independently as possible, and 827-3683 'to develop appropriate social support networks. Maple House (Phoenix) Open to clients who do not require a high 5 C level of structure and who have (Contact CLP - see demonstrated a capacity to function in a above. ) semi-independent setting, but lack necessary skills and/or experience .in community living. Rubicon Independent Rubicon Housing Counseling Services W Living Services Provide mental health services and case 2500 Bissell Ave. management brokerage to assist clients in Richmond, CA 94804 living independently in the community. 235-1516 Rubicon Transitional Housing Services 9 W Provides housing at an apartment site for 9 clients for a maximum stay of 18 months. Rubicon Permanent Housing Services Provides 20 permanent housing units. 20 W River House Community-based permanent housing for 75 rooms C 700 Alhambra Ave. seniors and disabled adults. E Martinez, CA 94553 W 229-9093 Kirker Court A HUD project - applicants must have 25 beds C 1732-D Kirker Pass Rd. "Federal preference" to apply for E Clayton, CA 94517 apartments designated for chronically W 673-9557 mentally ill. 8 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES c INSTITUTIONS FOR MENTAL DISEASE Higher level of residential care is provided in safe and secure environments. Through evaluation, treatment and focused rehabilitation, residents are assisted in reducing psychiatric symptoms, improving quality of life and returning to a more independent living setting. Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region (Identifying Info) Crestwood Hospitals Provides basic subacute psychiatric and 52 C 4635 Georgetown Pl. special treatment services based on the E Stockton, CA 95207 specific needs of each client, including W (209) 478-5291 life skill training, money management, training on accessing community services and transitional programs. Westwood Manor Same as above. 23 C 4303 Stevenson Blvd. E Fremont, CA 94538 W 657-6000 Telecare Corporation Same as above. C 1100 Marina Village E Parkway 1100 Morton .Bakar Center 2 W Alameda, CA 94501 337-7950 Provides gero-psychiatric treatment and skilled nursing services for clients 65 and over. Villa Fairmont Health Center 5 Gladman Psych iatric Health_Eggility 5 Highview Regional Provides skilled nursing services for 11 C Neurobehavioral Care clients with Organic Brain Syndrome E Program (OBS), traumatic brain injuries and other W 1301 31st Street medical disabilities. Oakland, CA 94602 535-2245 9 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMELESS PROGRAMS A range of services for persons with mental disabilities who are homeless or at risk of becoming homeless. Multi-service centers provide showers, locked storage facilities, a message center and other amenities, as well as assistance in securing benefits and linking to other needed services. A shelter, with 20 beds, is available to homeless persons with mental disabilities for periods up to 30 days. Shelters which are not specifically designated for special needs populations also frequently house mental health clients who are homeless. Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region_ (Identifying Info) Phoenix Programs, Inc. Benefits/housing and mental health 12 ADA W West County Multi- advocacy for people with a mental Service Center disability who are homeless or at risk of 1515 Market Street being homeless. San Pablo, CA 94806 8:30 a.m. - 5:OO p.m., M-F 232-7571 Phoenix Programs, Inc. Same as above. 30 ADA C Central County Multi- service Center 1121 Detroit Avenue Concord, CA 94520 685-7613 Phoenix Programs, Inc. Same as above. 12 ADA E East County Multi- Service Center 1401 4th Street Antioch, CA 94509 778-3750 Phoenix Programs, Inc. Shelter for people with a mental 20 beds E East County Shelter disability, who are homeless (up to 30 1401 4th Street days) . Antioch, CA 94509 778-3720 10 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES � O VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION PROGRAMS Programs designed to enhance work-related skills of persons with mental disabilities and to overcome barriers to their employment. Activities include counseling, pre-employment preparation, on-the-job training, job placement and supportive activities. Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region (Identifying Info) Many Hands, Inc. Assists clients in learning to function 25 E 1231 Loveridge .Road in a work setting with their disability Pittsburg, CA .94565 and provides training for remunerative 432-1171 work in the community. Length of service ranges between six months to two years. 8:00 a.m. - 4:00 .m. , M-F Rubicon Programs, Inc. Clients receive a wide variety of W Vocational Services employment preparation services 2500 Bissell Ave. including: job readiness services, direct Richmond, CA 94804 placement, work experience/job skills 235-1516 training and supported work opportunities. Phoenix Enterprises Assists adults through graduated levels 25-30 C 5056 Commercial Circle of activity designed to identify. and E/F, Concord, CA eliminate barriers to employment. 674-9610 Services include work adjustment, job development, and supported employment, with particular emphasis on serving high user population. Phoenix Enterprises Hires and trains adults to perform 10 C Concord Naval Weapons custodial work for service contract with Station/Janitorial Concord Naval Weapons Station. Port Chicago Highway Concord, CA 674--9610 Phoenix Enterprises Hires and trains adults to perform 5 C Concord Naval Weapons grounds maintenance work for service Station/Grounds contract with Concord Naval Weapons Maintenance Station. or Chicago Highway Concord, CA 674-9610 11 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES n PATIENTS' RIGHTS Advocacy to protect the rights of hospitalized patients and other consumers of mental health services, to represent clients at certification and capacity hearings, and to empower clients and ensure their involvement in all aspects of the mental health system --as participants in planning their own services, as staff members, and as members of key mental health organizations. Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity Region (Identifying Info) Mental Health Consumer Parent organization for the five programs NA C Concerns, Inc. described below: 716 Alhambra Avenue Martinez, CA 94553 (1) Patients' Rights Advocacy 646-4220 Monitor psychiatric inpatient hospitals to ensure that patients are fully informed of their rights. Advocacy services are provided at Merrithew, CPC Walnut Creek, East Bay and Mt. Diablo Hospitals. (2) Riese and Certification Hearings Represent clients at involuntary commit- ment and capacity hearings at the above- named hospitals. (3) Network of Mental Health Clients Self-help and peer support group develop- ment; .representation in planning groups, task forces and other community organizations; public information and referral— (4) eferral—(4) O.F.F.I.C.E. (Office on Family Involvement and Consumer Empowerment) Joint client-family planning group working to increase employment of clients within the local mental health system. (5) Community Center Operates the Contra Costa Network Community Center located at 718 Alhambra Avenue, Martinez. The Center provides social and recreational activities and space for convening self-help/peer support groups. 12 ADULT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES D 1 c� SPECIALIZED SERVICES The following specialized services are available to improve client access to the mental health system. Program Brief Program Description/Comments Capacity. Region (Identifying Info) Asian Community Mental Provides translation/interpretation, W Health Services group therapy, and case management 3900 Bissell brokerage services to Southeast Asian Room 2400 clients. Richmond, CA 94804 374-3061 Center for New Provides multilingual mental health C Americans interpretation services for non-English E 1776 Ygnacio Valley speaking clients. W Rd. , 1105 Walnut Creek, CA 94598 939-3442 Desarrollo Familiar, See page 3. W Inc. 205 39th St. Richmond, CA 94805 412-5930 Hands On Services Provides sign language interpretation C P.O. Box 3376 services for hearing impaired clients. E Fremont, CA 94538 W 1-800-900-9478. Crisis and Suicide See page 3 C Intervention of E Contra Costa W P.O. Box 4852 Walnut Creek, CA 94596 939-1916 .3 13 CONTRA COSTA COUNTY ' MENTAL HEALTH COMMISSION 595 CENTER AVENUE,SUITE 200 MARTINEZ,CALIFORNIA 94553-4639 O. =m1111 Y Phone(510)313-6414 ,ST'q_COUIy� Mental Health Commission Annual Report to the Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors July 23, 1996 Packet Contents: Commission Presentation to Board of Supervisors Performance Outcome Report Status Report: Children's Mental Health System of Care Mental Health Commission Roster Mental Health Commission Mission Statement A351 (6/93) sEaL CONTRA COSTA COUNTY " MENTAL HEALTH COMMISSION 595 CENTER AVENUE,SUITE 200 MARTINEZ,CALIFORNIA 94553-4639 Phone(510)313-6414 ST'9 COUI3"� To: Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors From: Ralph Hoffmann, Cha Contra Costa County a al HA14 ilk' Date: July 16, 1996 Subject: Commission Annual Report to Board of Supervisors Attached please find the text to the Mental Health Commission's Annual Report to the Board of Supervisors. This report will be given at the July 23, 1996 meeting. Thank you. ck A351 (6/93) sEat CONTRA COSTA COUNTY MENTAL HEALTH COMMISSION - 595 CENTER AVENUE,SUITE 200 ' = MARTINEZ,CALIFORNIA 94553-4639 a 3 niiip t Z Phone(510)313-6414 COUK To: Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors From: Mental Health Commission Date: July 23, 1996 Subject: Commission's Annual Report to the Board of Supervisors (I. Overview - Ralph) Mr. Chairman and members of thb Board of Supervisors, Good Morning. I am Ralph Hoffmann, Chair of the Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission. On behalf of the Commission, I thank you for this opportunity to present our Annual Report. First of all, I would like to give you brief background of the purpose and composition of the MHC. The State of California, through the Welfare and Institutions Code 5604, mandates the formation of a mental health commission in each county so that consumers, family members, and interested citizens will have an opportunity to be involved in the planning and implementation of the public mental health delivery system. W and I Code 5604 outlines the structure of the Commission in terms of membership and activities. Our membership is unique. This Code requires at least 50% of the membership be comprised of consumers of mental health services and family members of consumers. The balance may be comprised of interested citizens. Currently, our Commission is comprised of 7 family members, 3 consumers, and 3 interested citizens, including the appointment you will be making today in District 5. There are 2 vacancies. Let me introduce the Commissioners who are in attendance today. . . . . . The full Commission meets 11 times a year and each of our 4 committees meets monthly. As the W and I Code mandates 8 specific Commission duties, our overall mission is dedicated towards ensuring that the County's mental health system delivers responsive, quality, and culturally relevant services to those suffering with a serious and persistent mental illness. We have had a busy year. Our Children's Committee has completed an exemplary report on the status of mental health services for children, adolescents and their families. Our Performance Outcome A351 (6/93) Mental Health Commission Annual Report July 23 , 1996 Page 2 Committee has completed their report on the status of adult services. The newly formed Speakers Bureau is up and running. And our Adult Services Committee continues its focus on the need for affordable housing with appropriate supports for mental health clients. I am proud to turn over this podium to the Commission Committee Chairs who will briefly report on committee activities of the past year. First, I am pleased to introduce Linda Trowsdale, Chair of the Children's Committee. (II. Children's Report - Linda) Mr. Chair and members of the Board of Supervisors. Hello. It is a pleasure to see you again. On behalf of the Children's Committee, I thank you for meeting with us over the past several weeks, at which time we delivered to you our report about Children's Mental Health Services in Contra Costa County. A copy of that report titled "Status Report: Children's Mental Health System of Care" is also included in your packet today. In the mid 19701s, a State Department of Mental Health Program Audit Team concluded that ,Contra Costa County "had no children's mental health services". In the 20 years since, we together with you, have developed a service system so comprehensive and necessarily complex that it took the Children's Committee 2 1/2 years to study, analyze, and document the system. A major part of that time was spent being certain that all the groups in the community that are interested in children's mental health could come forward to present information. A great amount of time was spent studying and analyzing the programs that exist. We looked at funding issues and focused on retrieving the data you'll find throughout the report. Last, but certainly not least, with dedication and drive, a great number of your constituents volunteered hundreds of hours in the editing and completion of this document. Our Committee wanted this report to reflect the Children's Mental Health System of Care by identifying the good parts of the system as well as the gaps in service. We were very careful not to only say "we need more money. " I would like to briefly draw attention to the format of the report. It begins with an introduction. During our analysis, we discovered many recurring themes that may be of interest to policy makers and Mental Health Commission Annual Report July 23, 1996 Page 3 planners. Next, you will see a description of the children and adolescents served. There are three very helpful color charts reflecting an overview of the various categories or levels of care provided. The charts are followed by a description of each of the 11 categories or levels of care, beginning with the state hospitals. In each section, please note the vignette describing a young person who is typical of those served at that level of care. All of the vignettes were drawn from real cases. Each of the 11 sections concludes with a paragraph entitled "Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners. " We had you in mind while writing these sections with the hope that they will assist you in identifying gaps and need. Next, you will find several lavender pages which highlight the Major Issues we identified during our analysis. The report concludes with a glossary of terms and several appendices that provide supporting documentation. We did not format this report on a regional basis because we wanted to focus attention on the service continuum or System of Care. We did identify regional availability when we discussed specific program components. All who participated in the development of this report hope that it will contribute to a continuing dialogue among parents, service providers, advocates, planners, and policy makers about improving services for children and their families in CCC. Until now, no document nor any series of documents has been available to guide someone through the Children's Mental Health System. It is our hope that this report will become an educational document for you, for families, new mental health system employees, and for the community. (Brief Pause] Over the past two decades, CCC Boards of Supervisors have supported the efforts of Children's advocates, parents, mental health services administration and staff, and independent nonprofit agencies to create a system of mental health services for children and adolescents. Today's system is more comprehensive than the systems in place in many other California counties where the community and political will have been less united on behalf of children. Historic forces and emerging community needs, coupled with thoughtful planning, have produced a range of services distributed across the county. Efforts have been made to develop programs that serve children and families from -the earliest ages through adolescence. We found that today's system contains all the categories of service required in a full, quality continuum of care Mental Health Commission Annual Report July 23 , 1996 Page 4 including, but not limited to, prevention; outpatient, crisis, day, and residential treatment; state hospitals, etc. There remain, however, significant gaps in services. The administrative framework of the Children's Mental Health system is sound. Future efforts should be directed not toward redesigning this framework, but toward increasing service availability. As you know so well, there are a number of new children's programs starting in the County. The AB 3015 contract with the State, which you have heard about, will begin to fill in some of the service gaps we identified for court wards and will provide intensive, intermittent, in-home intervention for certain Social Services families and AB 3632 pupils. What you may not have heard about is the new one million dollars for EPSDT service augmentation. This money establishes six new program strategies. Since the funding is 50% State and 50% Federal money, this significant expansion in services comes at no expense to the County. Exciting things are happening. Back to the report. Completion of this document has been a labor of love. I can truly say that it was a pleasure working with so many individuals dedicated to the provision of and advocating for quality mental health services to the children and adolescents of our County. Thank you. I am now pleased to introduce Herbert Putnam, Chair of the Performance Outcomes Committee. (III. Performance Outcomes - Herb) Mr. Chair and members of the Board of Supervisors. Good Morning. As you are aware, recent Realignment legislation gave local mental health departments greater flexibility over their resources and greater autonomy to develop mental health systems that respond to unique local needs. This system reform was aimed towards creating a mental health system that. is more responsive to the needs and desires of persons with serious mental illnesses and their families. Performance outcome measures were established in statute as a counterbalance to this new greater local flexibility and autonomy. These measures are set to gauge the system's progress toward accomplishing system reform. These measures are also designed to make the accomplishments of the mental health system more tangible as well as to be used to identify the strengths and weaknesses in ! V Mental Health Commission Annual Report July 23 , 1996 Page 5 a county's System of Care. Lastly, the outcome measures are intended to determine changes in the lives of the clients served and assist in determining if the services are improving a client's quality of life. We invite you to review our entire report, as we collected data on six domains with 11 performance outcome measures. Of those six domains, only two showed statistically significant results from the statewide average. The living situation domain ranked below the state average and the domain of engaging in productive activity ranked above the statewide average. The fact that CCC was below the average in living situations underscored the need for increased access to affordable housing with adequate supports for our persons with mental disabilities. It is the opinion of the Performance Outcome Committee that CCC performance outcomes would be significantly improved if there was an array of housing with appropriate supports ranging from having an IMD located in our County, to the availability of non-hospital crisis beds as an alternative to hospitalization, to having sufficient subsidized housing certificates to enable consumers to live in independent housing with adequate supports. Thank you. I am now pleased to introduce Marika Urso, Chair of the Speakers Bureau. (IV. Speakers Bureau - Marika) Mr. Chair and members of the Board of Supervisors. Good Morning. The Speakers Bureau Committee was added to the Commission this year. In July 1994, the Commission presented a Housing Report to this Board that identified the lack of adequate, affordable community housing opportunities within our County for mental health consumers. This report also identified the stigma consumers face when searching for housing, which makes the search for housing all the more difficult. At the time of the presentation, this Board requested assistance from the Commission in educating the public with a goal of decreasing stigma towards persons with mental disabilities. The Speakers Bureau was born from that request. And it has been a busy year. We began the year by applying for and receiving a grant from Contra Mental Health Commission Annual Report July 23 , 1996 Page 6 Costa Television to create a public information video entitled "The Way It is: Mental Health Clients Speak Out. " You may remember the 5 minute clip we shared with you last October during Mental Health Awareness Week. We are greatly appreciative to the wonderfully kind and talented staff at CCTV in completing this project. They dedicated many, many hours to filming and editing and treated this project with great dignity and respect. We are finding this video to be an effective tool in our presentations. Presently, the Bureau has a current membership of 30 persons, including consumers, family members, and mental health service providers. For each presentation, a member from each of these groups takes part. The speakers attended personalized training sessions funded through the Zellerbach Foundation in preparation for beginning our public presentations. Since February, we have presented to approximately 300 people. We welcome any referrals to community groups that you might have for US. Thank you. I am now pleased to present Maria Puente, Chair of the Adult Services Committee. (V. Housing Report Update - Maria) Mr. Chair and members of the Board of Supervisors. Hello. The Adult Committee of the MHC has been continuing focus on the needs for affordable housing with adequate supports for the mentally disabled residents of CCC. When mental health clients are asked what they most want out of life, the majority respond that they would like a safe place to live independently and an opportunity to contribute to their community. There continues to be limited housing opportunities for these clients. Currently, County Mental Health is developing enhancement of board and cares which will be designed to serve our most gravely disabled persons who have been recently taken out. of hospitals and IMDs. "Enhanced" means the County will provide extra supports to clients in these homes. But, as you heard previously from the Performance Outcome Report, an array of housing opportunities with a variety of supports continues to -be needed. The Adult Services Committee will continue to focus efforts on housing as a high priority. We look to your assistance with the continued examination of ways to create affordable housing with appropriate supports services not only for the homeless mentally Mental Health Commission Annual Report July 23, 1996 Page 7 disabled, but for those in sub-standard rooming houses or living with their parents. An increase in the affordable housing stock in this County, integrated with market rate housing so as not to look like public housing, would serve a broad population including the mentally disabled. Thank you. I now present Ralph Hoffmann. (VI. Closing - Ralph) This Fall, the Commission, the Mental Health Division, and the Alliance for the Mentally Ili are co-sponsoring an informative workshop with Dr. Chris Amenson, a well-known educator in the field of mental health. This workshop will take place during Mental Health Awareness Week on October 4th. We are looking forward to providing an excellent educational opportunity to 300 family members, consumers, and service providers in our county. I cordially invite all of you to join us. On behalf of the MHC, I thank you for your attention today and your continued support. It is greatly appreciated. MISSION STATEMENT OF THE CONTRA COSTA COUNTY MENTAL HEALTH COMMISSION INTRODUCTION: The State of California has mandated the development of Mental Health Commissions in each County so that consumers, family members, and other citizens will have an opportunity to be involved and influential in the planning and implementation of the public mental health services delivery system. MISSION: The Mental Health Commission has a dual mission: First to influence the County's.mental health system to ensure the delivery of quality services which are effective, efficient, culturally relevant and responsive to the needs and desires of the clients it serves; ands second, to advocate with the Board of Supervisors, the Mental Health Division, and the community on behalf of all Contra Costa County residents with mental disabilities. ACTIVITIES: To this end, the Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission will review and assess the County'.s mental health services system, report on the performance of the mental health system to the Board of Supervisors, provide a forum for public input regarding the concerns and needs of persons with mental disabilities, participate in relevant planning activities, and advocate for appropriate and needed services and the rights of persons with disabilities. Revised by the Mental Health Commission September 10, 1994 MENTAL HEALTH COMMISSION 595 Center Avenue, Suite 200 Martinez, CA 94553 NAME PHONE POSITION APPTD. TERM END District I Joan Bartulovich H: 232-1136 Family Member 6/22/93 6/30/97 7102 Donal Avenue El Cerrito, CA 94530 Taalia Hasan H: 234-7590 Family Member 6/22/93 6/30/98 1300 Amador St. 118 0: 215-4670 Richmond, CA 94804 Michele Jackson H: 724-4459 At Large 07/16/96 6/30/98 2454 Mahan Way 0: 235-9780 San Pablo, CA 94806 District 2 Marie Goodman H: 372-0545 Family Member 6/22/93 6/30/98 3331 Brookside Dr. Martinez, CA 94553 Cynthia Miller H: 372-7678 At Large 6/22/93 6/30/97 105 Jose Lane 0: Martinez, CA 94553 Vacancy (Risser) H: Consumer 6/30/99 District 3 Ralph Hoffmann H: 837-4498 Consumer 6/22/93 6/30/99 60 St. Timothy Court Danville, CA 94526 Wayne Simpson H: 820-2163 Family Member 6/22/93 6/30/97 897 Dolphin Court Danville, CA 94526 Vera Abate H: 736-2966 At Large 9/19/95 6/30/98 3551 Shadow Creek Dr. 0: (408) 294-0500 X-12 Danville, CA 94506 District 4 Herb Putnam H: 686-3071 At Large 6/30/97 1747 Bishop Drive Concord, CA 94521 Joan Sorisio H: 672-2292 Family Member 6/22/93 6/30/98 P.O. Box 612 0: 825-1921 Clayton, CA 94517 Marika Urso H: 687-4707 Consumer 1/24/95 6/30/96 2025 Parkside Drive Concord, CA 94519 District 5 VACANCY (McLaurin) H: Consumer 6/22/93 6/30/97 0: Marlos Hicks H: At Large 07/23/96 6/30/99 2401 E. Cypress Road 0: Oakley., CA 94561 Linda Trowsdale . H: 7+4-1199 Consumer/ 6/221/93 6/30/98 2824 Honeysuckle Circle Child Advocate Antioch, CA 94509 Supervisor Representative Jeff Smith H: 646-2080 Bd. of Supes 6/22/93 6/30/96 651 Pine St. #108A Martinez, CA 94553 The Mental Health Commission meets on the Fourth Tuesday of the month, from 4:30-6:30 at 595 Center Avenue Suite 200 Martinez. 07/02/96 STATUS REPORT: CHILDREN'S MENTAL HEALTH SYSTEM OF CARE BY CHILDREN'S COMMITTEE OF THE CONTRA COSTA COUNTY MENTAL HEALTH COMMISSION FEBRUARY, 1996 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 H. Children and Adolescents Served . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. Eligibility Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 B. Demographic Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 III. Services i. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ii. System of Care Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 A. State Hospitals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 B. Acute Inpatient Hospitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 C. Diversion Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 D. Residential Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 E. Crisis Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 F. AB 3632 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 G. Intensive Day Treatment Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 H. YIACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 I. Outpatient Treatment Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 J. Early Intervention Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 K. Prevention Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 IV. Major Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 V. Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 VI. Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. Children's Report Subcommittee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 B. Presenters and Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 C. History of Children's Mental Health System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 D. Children's Mental Health Services Mission and Goals . . . . . . . . . 76 E. Children/Adolescent Medical Necessity Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 F. Legislation Applicable to Children's Mental Health . . . . . . . . . . . 80 G. Children's Mental Health Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 EXECUTIVE SUNEYMY This is a report about the current status of Contra Costa County's mental health system of care for children and their families. It is the product of a two-year process undertaken by the Contra Costa County Children's Committee of the Mental,Health Commission. Committee members included Commissioners, County Children's Mental Health Administration, personnel of county-operated children's mental health programs, contract providers, and children's advocates. The children's mental health system of care is a changing, evolving system. Over the past two decades, Contra Costa County Boards of Supervisors have supported the efforts of children's advocates, parents, mental health services administration and staff, and independent nonprofit agencies to create a system of mental health services for children and adolescents. Today's system is more comprehensive than the systems in place in many other California counties. Historic forces and emerging community needs, coupled with thoughtful planning, have produced a range of services distributed across the county. Efforts have been made to develop programs that serve children and families from the earliest ages through adolescence. There remain, however, significant gaps as well as insufficiencies in this system. These will be discussed in more detail in the Major Issues chapter and in the Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners section at the end of each section of Chapter III. To understand the Major Issues Chapter, one must read Section III which describes the. elements of the system today. The framework described here is sound, but many service gaps exist. Future efforts should be directed not toward redesigning this framework, but toward filling in these significant gaps. All who participated in the development of this report hope that it will contribute to a continuing dialogue among parents, service providers, advocates, planners, and policy makers about improving services for children and families. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 1 INTRODUCTION The California Mental Health Master Plan. (1991) defines the goals of Children's Mental Health Services as "to enable children with serious emotional disturbance to remain at home, succeed in school and avoid involvement with the juvenile justice system." There is broad agreement in Contra Costa County that, to avoid fragmentation and inefficiency, and to be humane, these services must be part of a comprehensive and integrated system. The services must also be family centered, provided in the least restrictive setting possible, be culturally relevant, and be responsive to the unique needs of each child and family. Recurring Themes: As the committee began to gather information for this report, we discovered that some themes recurred. Some may be familiar to you, others may not. We describe them here. The Children's Mental Health system is complicated in many ways. Some of these complications have implications for policy makers.and planners. A few are: • Children and adolescents experience as great a range of severity in mental illness as do adults, but serious disturbance may be unrecognized in older children because it is masked as school failure or delinquent behavior, and may be unrecognized in very young children because they have not come to the attention of the public systems. • Children need many of the same services adults need, but their different developmental levels complicate service planning. That is, a program for severely emotionally disturbed toddlers must be very different from a program for severely emotionally disturbed 16 year olds. • The systems that serve children in the United States are a fiscal and programmatic tangle. The educational system, the developmental disability system, the juvenile justice system, the child protection system, the foster care system, and the mental health system were all created at different times, have different histories, and are funded in different ways. A single child and family may have contact with several of these systems, either simultaneously or serially. Planning and implementing effective programs to serve families across the systems requires extraordinary teamwork. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 2 Introduction • Data collection for this report was complicated by the lack of a comprehensive management information system (MIS) within the Mental Health Division. As an example, some of the tables in this report contain.data from FY 1993-94 and some from FY 1994-95. In each instance the information presented is the most recent available. But consistency of presentation and comparability is not possible given the inadequacy of the current information system. Due to changes in how mental health services can be funded, the Children's Mental Health system in Contra Costa County has changed dramatically in recent years: • The "local" cost of many children's services has declined. Most mental health services for children and adolescents which used to require a substantial local match are now certified for Medi-Cal and generate substantial Federal Financial Participation (FFP) dollars for the County. This has made it possible to continue some services and, in some cases, to provide more and better services. However, the dependence on FFP creates service vulnerability because of probable cuts in Federal Medicaid funding. • Fewer children are served in the state hospital than were served there a decade ago. The Children's Mental Health system has developed community alternatives that are less costly and closer to home. Though these alternatives provide needed services for many children and families, they are not suitable for all children. There will always be a need for this level of intensive and restrictive care for some children for at least some period of time. Some little known facts about Children's Mental Health services provide special challenges for policy makers and planners: • Some adults are treated in the children's mental health system because children can be treated more effectively in the context of their families. Sometimes the family members are themselves emotionally disturbed. This means that some parents receive their primary mental health treatment from the children's mental health system. Though this is appropriate, it is a challenge to the resources of the children's system. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 3 1 ' Introduction • Medi-Cal usually does not fund prevention or early intervention programs and it is difficult to identify other sources of funding. Yet these programs. could help some children who are troubled or at risk for emotional disturbance avoid prolonged treatment later in life. This is a fiscal and programmatic "catch-22." • A child who has a dual diagnosis may receive insufficient services. This applies to a child or adolescent with emotional disturbance AND a developmental disability or with emotional disturbance AND drug addiction or alcoholism. The reality of dual or overlapping problem areas is usually ignored in the regulations which govern the use of most governmental funds. Funding is restricted to the one problem area identified as "primary". Funding sources also require that any other funding source be accessed first. Which of the dual problems is "primary" and which service system is responsible for care becomes problematic. Because of their history (including federal, state, and local policy decisions) each service system has developed different types of services and each operates from a different philosophical viewpoint. All of the service systems involved are underfunded. Each of the above factors impacts service delivery across problem areas and funding boundaries. Current Responses To These Challenges: Although the framework of services described in this report is a sound one, many service gaps exist. Future efforts should be directed not toward redesigning this framework, but toward filling in those significant gaps. This year, Contra Costa County has received several grants to fill in some of these identified gaps by providing additional special programs to the most seriously troubled children, youth, and families. The long-term future of these programs is not assured because funding is dependent upon public policy decisions and the appropriate allocation of dollars at every level of government. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 4 L CHAPTER H: THE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WHO ARE SERVED A. Eligibility Definition Eligibility for services in the public mental health system is determined by various pieces of state and federal legislation which govern the use of or access to funds. That legislation (enacted over many decades) has been modified by local choice, mostly fiscal. The local criteria for eligibility have become more restrictive as funding has become less available. By legislative mandate, services are primarily directed toward children and adolescents who are identified as seriously emotionally disturbed. These are children and adolescents under age 18 who have as their primary problem a clinically diagnosed mental disorder which results in behavior and functioning inappropriate to the individual's age according to expected developmental norms. To be eligible for most mental health services, a child or adolescent must have a mental health diagnosis from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), accepted worldwide, , nod meet criterion 1, 2, 3, or 4 below. 1. Individual exhibits substantial impairment in at least one of the following: - Child/adolescent lives in the home and complies with community rules. - Child/adolescent is involved in age appropriate daily activities (may include involvement in household chores, scheduled programs, education and training). r - Child/adolescent demonstrates the ability to establish and maintain age appropriate social and family relationships. - Child/adolescent experiences maximum physical and mental well-being, with symptoms minimized and good access to health care services. 2. Individual exhibits repeated presence of psychotic symptoms, OR suicidal ideas or acts, OR violent ideas or acts toward persons or property. 3. Individual has a psychiatric history of recurring substantial impairment or symptoms which indicates that without mental health service there is a high risk of recurrence of the functional impairment or symptoms. 4. Individual is eligible for mental health services under Chapter 26.5 of the California Government Code (AB 3632), the only state-mandated program within the mental health system for any age group (See Chapter III, Section F). Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 5 i Children and Adolescents Served In addition, to be eligible for Medi-Cal funding, counties must establish specific criteria which define the "medical and service necessity" for mental health treatment. Contra Costa County Children's Mental Health Services has fulfilled this requirement by creating the document entitled "Children/Adolescent Medical Necessity Criteria" which is included in this report as Appendix E. Throughout the county-operated service system, individuals and families who request service are triaged and those with the most urgent need are served first. Some clinicians use the following "Priority Rating Scale" as an informal guideline. On this five-point priority rating scale, with Level 5 indicating the most seriously disturbed group of children/adolescents and Level 1 indicating minimal impairment, those in Levels 5, 4, and as many 3's as possible receive services. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 6 Children and Adolescents Served PRIORITY RATING SCALE Level 5 Most seriously affected group of children and adolescents showing: ♦ history of past hospitalization with risk of re-hospitalization. ♦ persistent danger of hurting self and others. ♦ serious suicide act/rumination/plan, with clear expectations of death. ♦ behavior influenced by delusions or hallucinations. Level 4 ♦ behaviors threatening or dangerous to self or others within the past three months. ♦ failure to meet role expectations at home, school, or community. ♦ threat of/or recent removal from home or placement. ♦ recent release from psychiatric inpatient care. ♦ history of past hospitalization with risk of re-hospitalization. ♦ unreliable psychosocial support. Level 3 ♦ history of dangerous behavior to self or others in the past year. ♦ history of runaway, extended truancy. ♦ acting out behaviors at school and community. ♦ at high risk for higher levels of care. ♦ history of hospitalization or placement out-of-home. ♦ fair psychosocial support. Level 2 ♦ infrequent history of runaway or truancy. ♦ no dangerous behaviors in past year. ♦ acting out behaviors in home, school, or community. ♦ history of removal from home in past. ♦ fair to good psychosocial support. ♦ history of substance abuse. Level 1 ♦ temporary acting out behaviors at home, school, or community in response to stress. ♦ anxiety before exams and temporary falling behind in school work. ♦ occasional arguments with family. ♦ drug/alcohol involvement without regular patterns of abuse. Due to inadequate resources and the high numbers needing services, the system cannot serve all the children/adolescents who meet the Priority Rating Scale's criteria for service. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 7 Children and Adolescents Served B. Demographic Profile of Children and Adolescents Served Ethnic Distribution Table 3 shows the ethnicity of the children and adolescents receiving mental health services, compared with the general population of children and adolescents in Contra Costa County. Table 3: Ethnicity ETHNICITY % OF CLIENTS % OF ALL CHILDREN White 50% 54% African American 33% 12% Latino/other 11% 16% Spanish Asian 2% 12% Native American < 1% < 1% Other/Unknown 3% 6% (Sources: County computer system for client population, 1993 - Census data for gene population, 19%) Gender Distribution The general population of children and adolescents in Contra Costa County is approximately 52 percent male and 48 percent female (1990 Census). For children and adolescents receiving mental health services, gender distribution is 65% male and 35% female. Age Distribution The age distribution for children and adolescents who receive mental health services is as follows: Age 0-5 = 1.5%; age 6 - 12 = 7.08%; age 13 - 17 =8.12%. Together, ages 0 - 17 total about 16.7% of the total individuals served. (Adult 18 - 59 = 77.5% and seniors about 5.8%). Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 8 Children and Adolescents Served Departmental Cross-overs Children and adolescents served by Children's Mental Health Services are usually also receiving services from other public agencies. [NOTE: The following percentages are not from unduplicated counts. Children may be represented in more than one category.] ♦ Some 60% are court dependents and/or are known to Child Protective Services (Social Service Department). ♦ Some 15% are wards of the Juvenile Justice System (Probation Department). ♦ Some 25% are special education students receiving services from the three SELPA's in Contra Costa County. (SELPA = Special Education Local Planning Area.) ♦ Some 15% are solely served by mental health. ♦ Most of the children and adolescents served are also receiving educational services from their local public school. [The percentages above regarding gender, age, and departmental cross-overs are all from 1993-94 but remain relevant.] Socio-Economic Situation County-wide, there were more than 57,000 residents of Contra Costa (including 22,000 children) living in poverty in 1990, and there was a 20% increase in the number of children living in extreme poverty between 1980 and 1990. Most of the children and families served by our county's mental health system are poor because that is the population for which the public system is primarily responsible. Living Situations Children and adolescents who are served in the mental health system are less likely to be living with their own families than the children in the general population. See Table 4. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 9 Children and Adolescents Served Table 4: Living Situations LIVING SITUATION % OF CHILDREN % OF ALL CCC SERVED CHILDREN Living with immediate family 518% 91% Not living with immediate family, -- Extended family 13% 6 -- Non-relatives 13% 2% -- Group home,institutions 5% < 1% -- Other/lives alone/unknown 10% -- TOTAL, NOT LIVING WITH 41% 8% IMMEDIATE FAMILY (Sources: County computer system for client population, 3. Census data for genera population, 1990) Family Life and Environmental Factors The extent of disruption in the family life of the client population is illustrated in data collected from a survey conducted in 1993 at the three County Mental Health Outpatient Clinics in Richmond, Concord, and Antioch. Though this survey is not the work of this committee, the information obtained still is relevant. The 1993 study showed that, of the child and adolescent clients who were seen in the clinics: ♦ At least 55% had experienced the absence of or death of a parent, ♦ At least 63% had parents with alcohol or drug abuse problems, ote: Clients with known or probable prenatal drug exposure = 55% Central; 34% East; and 50% West.) ♦ At least 54% had been neglected and at least 37% had been abused. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 10 �l V Children and Adolescents Served ♦ At least 71% had experienced, witnessed, or been personally impacted by violence within their home or immediate community. (Note: This survey category defined three levels of violence: extreme, substantial, moderate. The percentage stated here collapses the three categories into one total.) [Each of the above percentages is the lowest of the three totals for that question from the three clinics.] The survey demonstrates that most, but not all, children and adolescents served in county outpatient clinics come from disrupted or adverse living situations. The family and community exposure to violence experienced by many children and adolescents has significantly contributed to their mental health problems. Although violence is a public safety issue, the increasing level of violence in the community and within families has a significant impact on the mental health system at all levels. This chapter has focused on children and adolescents as the recipients of mental health services. .In practice, it is more generally true that the entire family unit is the recipient of services, since the children do not/cannot/should not function in isolation from their families. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 11 CHAPTER III: SERVICES i. Overview Children's Mental Health Services has established a System of Care (SOC) or continuum of services to meet the varied mental health needs of children, adolescents, and their families. The SOC continuum contains various "types" of mental health programs and services from the most restrictive, institutionally based services (e.g., Napa State Hospital) to the least restrictive, community-based services, (i.e., early intervention and prevention programs). Because the mandate of the State is for public mental health dollars to be expended for services to seriously emotionally disturbed children, adolescents and their families, and those individuals and families have the most urgent needs, the SOC is heavily weighted toward serving that population. The SOC contains programs that are county operated, i.e., staffed by county employees, and programs provided through contracts with community-based organizations. The goal is to provide one seamless, coordinated and collaborative system for delivery of mental health services countywide. The current SOC for Children's Mental Health Services consists of 5 county-operated programs and 16 contract programs. Six of the contracts are for residential or hospital- based services and 10 are for less intensive community-based services. Of the 5 county- operated programs, 3 are regional outpatient clinics in Central, East, and West County and 2 (YIACT and AB 3632) are interagency programs which are based in Central County but serve the whole county. This system functions under the administrative leadership of the Child and Adolescent Services Program Chief supported by a Lead Staff Group composed of a Children's Services Medical Director, 5 Mental Health Children's Program Supervisors, and a Children's Program Specialist. The Children's Mental Health SOC does not stand alone. It is inextricably linked with the other public child-serving entities, i.e., schools, probation, social services, and health care providers. There is usually one or more of these other entities also involved with each child and family mental health serves. Interagency collaboration is a necessary and important part of service delivery. When new program elements are added to the SOC, they are designed to fill gaps in the SOC continuum and to reinforce the system's ability to maintain children in their own home and community, or, if a child is already in out-of-home placement, to enable such children to return to a less restrictive environment. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 12 r ii. System of Care Chart The SOC chart, i.e., the 3 following pages, arrays services by "type" from the most restrictive, institutionally based services (e.g., Napa State Hospital) to the least restrictive, community-based early intervention and prevention programs. Columns designate "age eligibility" for services, service capacity and mental health gross and net cost. An asterisk (*) indicates case management services provided by YIACT (Youth Interagency Assessment and Consultation Team) and the "diamond" shows case management services by AB 3632. Eligibility for programs is represented by color coding: blue for seriously emotionally disturbed (SED) Probation wards (602s); pink for SED Social Service dependents (300s); green for SED AB 3632 special education pupils; and brown/orange for other at-risk SED individuals. The color coding graphically illustrates each agency subset SOC. Proposed programs are highlighted by yellow. A purple frame surrounds alternatives to inpatient services. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 13 f oO c O O S O I O O o0 S c ME- p O U o oI V S CC4 H .�'> Imo) O O M N S I S 00 -' A c •O G 7 Vy 69 N I 69 69 � Oldz WG05I �, � C, � o CD abi abi °� ami ami I pq m � w 1 2� Iri p 1 Y •� U p p c� I w ¢ a U p�y 00 GO I II II ~ I N N , 1 N CA 1 O I o = I O r - L � rT. I � U (r N , L "a�M65 0 �y � •-- it II II II O ttl N �' ♦ _ - � ��W v O d a I s > UI ttl •Irl � _ '-- E-� �_ O ® J 1 > U-I F. N I Id 4 7s Ac � 1 o a cx 1 v chi >°» aaga waas 2uoZ I Zuamlo=jL ainad I / U N 0-0 1 � •> 0 O 1 N C z L O N N 64 N I Z4 fA O I > r. H9 b9 69 ^ •� .+ C d L• 1 � d 1 0 0 5 °-°. 1 A ! u u v 1 � 1 8 0 1 1 N � N 1 lf) Or 1 4.-. T fT U J 1 •F v 1 > 1n N N O In o A L M oo � °° w � � Q C12 occ a, U Q I N I E cq r:n _ . � N O M Q M N I L P U i 1 r 1 u 1 + 1 juawadeuum saa[AaaS sislaa 1 luaiu;eaim'fgQ i ase 1 r. o O o C\ (, UC> 000 N y.5r W fV irs 6pp�9 69 S O Op o pp w M \0O O O O O cn Off' 1 O O N ON I c co O� O I p 0 O cr N 1 ccn � S o0 1 0 1 O95 I � � 1COD 0 1 z \ N C Cd cd � M M E 1 O I o U w w w w w O a U M O O N O O O O �p O N M N 1 O V') M 1 M .-+ .-ti 1 Cf) M 1 II II 1 —' ✓. - _ C - L-. - ca tn Cfl F. 1 � 0 gQ I •ao II II II II Room w � 1 _ 1 1 � F _ 1 0 3 � 1 uc 1 " v o Q 1 N q) PL, F1 cn E c Q M N '7 +.a LA C .Gi 1 a 1 m �o U 1 M �`� � Ei 1 Lr L I El- o 1 1 UUD- a juaui;eaAL juaicbnp 1 U01JU3naalUl i S se 1 CHAPTER III A: STATE HOSPITALS Charles, 15, is hospitalized at Napa State Hospital for extreme aggression and assaultive behavior. He has been in the mental health system since age 8. His mother, a single parent, is a battered woman. His father has been absent most of his life. Charles'family and extended family have a history of violence, substance abuse, mental illness, and criminal justice involvement. Hospitalization occurred only after failure at several high level residential placements and after incarceration at juvenile hall on a restrictive unit. At the Hall, both Charles and his mother refused to accept medications for him that may have decreased his aggressiveness, suspiciousness, anxiety, and paranoia. Currently his mother is engaged in a treatment program and maintains full- time employment. Charles' incidents of aggressiveness have markedly decreased. Definition and Descn State hospitals are long-term, locked psychiatric institutions for patients with symptoms too severe for them to be cared for in unlocked or less restrictive community settings. This level of care is used as a last resort usually after numerous failed placements and local hospitalizations. State hospitals provide total care, including room and board, 24-hour supervision, psychiatric and medical treatment, and on-site schooling. Napa State Hospital, located approximately 30 miles from Martinez, is the main state hospital used for Contra Costa County residents. Population Served State hospitals serve children and adolescents, age 5 through 17 years old, who exhibit uncontrollable aggression, violence, or sexually acting out behavior, have major personality disorders, are severely depressed, are suicidal or homicidal, or are otherwise severely impaired. The four youths who are currently in Napa State Hospital range from 15 to 17 years of age. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 17 . O State Hospitals Utilization and Costs Beginning in the 1960's, a growing belief in the clinical desirability of placing children and adolescents in the least restrictive environment coincided with cost cutting efforts by state government and produced a progressive decline in the utilization of state hospital services. Children's Mental Health Services has long striven to decrease state hospital utilization and create community-based programs to prevent or shorten long-term hospital stays. In consequence, between fiscal year(FY) 82-83 and FY 92-93, the number of Contra Costa children placed in state hospitals declined from 24 to 12 annually. However, during that same period there was limited fiscal incentive for removing patients from state hospitals. Funds for state hospital beds were transferred from the County's allocation directly to the state hospitals based on the County's projected need for beds each year. Thus, money was lost to the County if the beds were not used. The implementation of Realignment legislation (see Appendix F) in FY 92-93 changed this situation. It placed the funding for state hospital beds directly under county control. Consequently, an opportunity was created to redirect these funds to local alternatives. The cost for children and adolescents in state hospitals is approximately $150,000 per bed per year. The length of stay ranges from 3 months to 3 years, with an average of 12-18 months. Since Realignment, the number of contracted state hospital beds for children and adolescents has been reduced from 12 to 6. The cost for 12 beds would have been $1,800,000. The reduction from 12 to 6 beds a year meant a saving of $900,000 for the County. In reality, $400,000 of that amount went toward reducing the county deficit. Fortunately, $500,000 remained in Children's Services. This portion has been used to create the Oak Grove Program which consists of a crisis residential unit and a day treatment program at Oak Grove in Concord and to augment other long-term residential treatment programs. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 18 V State Hospitals Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners • Unfortunately, not all funds saved by reducing use of state hospitals have been made available for local program development. Instead, savings have been used to decrease the County deficit. All funds saved are needed by Children's Mental Health Services to continue to provide programming for this difficult population. • Presently, there are no SPECIALIZED programs available at the state hospitals for violent, fire-setting, sexually offending, or dually diagnosed children and adolescents. Efforts must continue across counties to create treatment programs for these special population groups either at the state hospitals or as community- based state hospital alternatives. • There will always be children who will need the level of care provided by the state hospital system. At this time, we are at minimal bed level for those children. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 19 O CHAPTER III B: ACUTE INPATIENT HOSPITALIZATION Carol, 14, is in her fifth hospitalization after a near fatal suicide attempt; she ingested 150 Tylenol tablets. She is withdrawn, maintains no eye contact, and has monotone speech. She has been in 12 foster homes in the past 8 months. Her history includes parental drug abuse, early childhood sexual abuse by her father, and severe deprivation emotionally and economically. Definition and Description Acute inpatient hospitalization is short-term hospital care provided under the direction of a physician who is a psychiatrist. This level of care is limited to children and adolescents who are experiencing a psychiatric episode so severe as to require close, continuous, and skilled medical observation and treatment in a secure environment. The primary'purpose of hospitalization is to stabilize the child. The hospital may provide management of assaultive or self-destructive behaviors by means of one-on-one observation; isolation; or, if necessary, restraints, which can only be used in the hospital setting. Services include diagnostic evaluation; individual, group, and family therapy; psychotropic medication trials and monitoring; and educational services. Contra Costa County does not operate its own children's inpatient unit. It contracts with private hospitals to provide acute inpatient services as needed or refers to private psychiatric hospitals using other payor sources. Hospitalization in a particular facility depends upon the child's age and particular needs, services offered, space available, and insurance coverage. (See Table 6 for information on the private hospitals.) Population Served Most of the children and adolescents who are hospitalized meet the criteria for involuntary hospitalization under Section 5150 of the Welfare and Institutions Code (See Appendix F). They are suffering an acute phase of a psychiatric illness which causes them to be a danger to themselves or others, or gravely disabled. Hospitalized children and adolescents range in age from 5-18 years old, with adolescents outnumbering children by a ratio of 6:1. Children under the age of 8 are seldom hospitalized. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 20 Acute Inpatient Hospitalization Utilization On average, there are approximately 20 Contra Costa County children and adolescents in acute hospitals at any given time. This includes minors whose hospitalizations are funded by private insurance and who are not part of the public-sector system of care. During 1994, 170 children and adolescents were hospitalized under Medi-Cal--the primary payment source for public funded hospitalizations. The average length of stay was 9.88 days. Of these children and adolescents: ♦ 42 had more than one admission in the course of a year ♦ 24 were readmitted within 30 days of discharge Table 6 provides data, from the Managed Care Plan of December 1994, on the private hospitals used during 1993-94. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 21 f Acute Inpatient Hospitalization Table 6: Contra Costa Children and Adolescents in Inpatient Hospitals, under Medi-Cal, i 1993-94. HOSPITAL LOCATION # OF TOTAL CCC AVERAGE TOTAL BEDS CHILDREN LENGTH DAYS IN SERVED OF STAY UNIT (DAYS) Langley- San Francisco 3 1 15 15 Porter CPC Sacramento . 18 2, 29.5 59 Heritage Oaks Sutter Sacramento 32 2 14 28 Ross Kentfield 18 8 13.6 109 Herrick Berkeley 14 11 6.8 75 St. Mary's' San Francisco 27 13 12.6 164 (McAuley) CPC Walnut 22 43 6.3 270 Walnut Creek Creek First Vallejo 22 89 10.6 943 Hospital TOTAL 156 1.70 9.88 1679 Costs In 1993-94, child and adolescent usage of inpatient services accounted for only 5 % of all Medi-Cal inpatient days while adult services utilized the remaining 95%. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 22 Acute Inpatient Hospitalization Children and adolescents are hospitalized in one of three ways: 1. The County has contracts with CPC Walnut Creek and First Hospital Vallejo, each with a payment limit of $50,000 a year, to serve children and adolescents for whom there are no other payor sources such as private insurance or Medi-Cal. 2. CPC Walnut Creek provides two "free beds"* for Contra Costa County's medically indigent children; that is, the hospital covers the bed costs while County Mental Health pays the doctor's fees and some incidentals for these children. The hospital's obligation to provide "free beds" will continue until the year 2003. 3. Through calendar year 1993-94, private hospitals listed in Table 6 provided inpatient hospitalization services under private insurance and the fee-for-service Medi-Cal system. As of January 1, 1995, the inpatient fee-for-service Medi-Cal system ceased to exist. The County assumed responsibility for management of Medi-Cal inpatient hospitalization as Phase I of Medi-Cal Managed Care implementation in California. Under Medi-Cal Managed care, psychiatric inpatient hospitalization of Medi-Cal children and adolescents is limited to hospitals with County Managed Care contracts and inpatient stays must be authorized and funded by the County. The current rate is $450 per bed per day with a projected usage of 1200 days for the year. Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners • Expanded home-based diversion programs might reduce the need for acute hospitalization or shorten the length of stay. • At times, hospital discharge may be delayed because there is not an appropriate community placement for a particular child and/or a funding stream for placement is not available. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 23 O CHAPTER III C: DIVERSION PROGRAMS Sara, 14, was sexually molested at age 3 by her great uncle. She has a history of extreme oppositional behavior with explosive combative episodes. Her academic performance is limited due to behavior management problems and severe learning disabilities. At age 13, Sara became pregnant and 4 months after the birth of her infant she became psychotic and suicidal and made homicidal attempts on her infant and her mother. After several local hospitalizations, she was admitted to Napa State Hospital. Because this family's problems are so complicated and chronic, a FP worker has been assigned to help. Sara's mom, now homeless, must find housing, re-establish her AFDC status and apply for job training through the GAIN program,work toward decreasing the family's social isolation, and develop parenting skills while monitoring Sara and the family's safety. Definition and Description Two recently established programs funded by the County are specifically designed to divert children and adolescents who are at risk of hospitalization or out-of-home placement. They are the Family Preservation Program and the Intensive Intermittent Intervention Program (PP, pronounced "triple eye p"). ♦ The Family Preservation Program is provided by FamiliesFirst, a contract agency. It offers intensive in-home services to the entire family. Services to the family include therapeutic interventions; education in crisis and anger management; communication and parenting skills development;practical help with household and financial management; case management services to link family members with other needed services; and advocacy with schools, doctors, and county agencies. The defining characteristic of family preservation programs is that a case worker/therapist is in the home with the family from 8-20 hours per week and available by pager 24 hours/day, 7 days/week, for a period of 6-8 weeks. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 24 Diversion Programs ♦ The VP is provided by two County contract staff members, one assigned to the AB 3632 Program and one to YIACT. It offers intensive services like those of family preservation programs but differs in that workers each carry a caseload of 8 families and services are provided for a longer period of time, usually six months to a year. Many of the families served by this program experience chronic intermittent crises and need an intensive intervention for a longer time than those families served by the family preservation program. Population Served These programs are used to divert children and adolescents from hospitalization or out of home placements or to shorten the length of stay at those facilities. Utilization and Cost Utilization and cost,of the mental health programs are described in Table 7 below. Table 7: Diversion Programs and Utilization and Costs 1993-94 PROGRAM # OF # SERVED CCC TOTAL SLOTS MENTAL MENTAL HEALTH HEALTH COSTS COSTS Intensive Intermittent 16 24 $64,000 $9651000 Intervention Program FamiliesFirst $58,000 $68,000 Family 2 18 Preservation Program* *Contra Costa Social Services Department has a contract with FamiliesFirst for approximately $700,000 to provide family preservation services to children and youth in the Probation and Social Services Departments. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 25 Diversion Programs Critical Issues for olicy Makers and Planners for olicy Makers and Planners • The balance of allocations to these programs compared to other programs will be determined by analysis of client outcomes and cost avoidance data. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 26 CHAPTER III D: RESIDENTIAL TREATMENT Brian, 11, a highly intelligent and artistic boy, hospitalized several times for suicide attempts, was kicked out of his prior residential treatment program when he threatened a staffperson person with a butcher knife. Brian is responding well to the high level of structure in his current program. He has worked hard over the past two years at learning to stop manipulating others, to trust adults, and to control his impulses to hurt himself and others. Meanwhile, his parents are attending weekly family therapy sessions and learning how to live with and manage such a seriously emotionally disturbed child. With the excellent progress they are all making, and with the planned assistance of an in-home support counselor, Brian will be able to return home to live with his family and attend a local school before the year is up. Definition and Description Residential treatment programs provide long-term therapeutic care in unlocked community facilities for seriously emotionally disturbed children and adolescents who require 24 hour intensive care. Children and adolescents must be wards of the court or dependents of the court or eligible for AB 3632 residential services. Children and adolescents who do not fit one of these three funding categories are not eligible for out-of-home placement in California unless they have private insurance which pays these costs. Most children and adolescents who require residential placement need intensive levels of care. Residential programs are licensed by Community Care Licensing and assigned a Rate Classification Level (RCL) by the California Rate Setting Board/Bureau. Ranging from RCL-1 to RCL-14, levels are based upon the intensity of services provided, staff education and training, and staff to resident ratios. There are few facilities in California rated lower than RCL-8. All residential treatment programs used by Children's Mental Health Services offer 24- hour supervision; medication support; education in an on-site certified non-public school; day treatment; crisis intervention; and individual, group and family therapies as needed. All of them provide some services of a psychiatrist and nurse. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 27 r Residential Treatment Children's Mental Health Services places children and adolescents in three community- based RCL-14 agencies: ♦ La Cheim Residential Treatment Center operates two 6-bed facilities in Contra Costa County serving adolescents, primarily boys, from 13.5 - 18 years old. Half of the children and adolescents in'this program are "Napa-flagged," in other words, are being specifically diverted from the state hospital. ♦ Seneca Center, operates a 30-bed sub-acute, residential program for latency-aged children (6 - 12 years old) in Alameda County. Ten of its 30 beds are contracted for Contra Costa children. Seneca Center also provides "wrap-around" services and a "step-down" or transition foster care program. Contra Costa children and adolescents placed in Seneca may receive some or all of these services. (See Glossary for "sub-acute", "wrap-around" and "step-down.") ♦ Willow Creek in Santa Rosa has 32 beds in five homes for ages 13-18. Contra Costa County contracts with Willow Creek for four beds. Children's Mental Health Services provides case managers through YIACT or AB 3632 to support Contra Costa children in these programs. Population Served Seriously emotionally disturbed children and adolescents become eligible for County placement in residential programs only in the following ways: 1. They may be removed from their homes by the Department of Social Services due to abuse and/or neglect, pursuant to Welfare and Institutions (W&I) Code 300. 2. They may be removed from their homes by the Probation Department for law violations. These minors are made wards of the Juvenile Court pursuant to W&I Code 602. 3. They may be placed through the AB 3632 Program if they are eligible for school district special education programs but cannot benefit from their education without residential care. Unlike placement in categories 1 and 2, placement in this Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 28 r Residential Treatment category is voluntary, not court mandated. Placement is handled in cooperation with school districts if agreed to by the parent or guardian. By law, children and adolescents can be placed in the highest level of care (RCL 14) only if certified by the Interagency Placement Committee (IPC), which meets monthly to review all children under consideration (See Glossary .for IPC). Children and adolescents placed in the highest level have been hospitalized in the recent past, have repeatedly failed in prior placements, and/or have displayed aggressive and self- destructive acting out behaviors associated with mental disorders. Most children return to their families following placement and those without primary family or extended family may be placed in specialized foster care or group homes. Utilization and Costs The following table provides an overview of the number of children and adolescents who were served by mental health residential treatment programs and the cost of these services in Contra Costa County for 1993-94. Table 8: Utilization and Cost of Sub-Acute and Residential Treatment Programs, 1993-94 PROGRAM TOTAL CCC # LENGTH CCC TOTAL BEDS BEDS SERVED OF MENTAL MENTAL STAY HEALTH HEALTH COSTS COSTS La Cheim 12 12 20 1-1 1/2 131,000 131,000 yrs Seneca 30 10 12 1-2 yrs 126,000 228,000 Willow 32 4 5 1-1 129,000 139,000 Creek 1/2 yrs . Supplemental n/a n/a n/a n/a 25,000 25,000 Patches TOTAL 74 26 37 411,000 5235,000 Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 29 Residential Treatment Most of the cost of residential treatment programs is paid by non-mental health sources including AFDC-FC and the public schools. (See Glossary for AFDC-FC.) The total cost of the most intensive level of residential treatment (RCL-14) ranges from approximately $9,500 to $11,000 a month per resident, substantially less than the cost of inpatient hospitalization. For example, AFDC-FC pays approximately $5,000 per bed per month for 24 hour care at the RCL-14 rate. Public school systems pay a non-public school (NPS) allotment of approximately $2,000 to $3,000 a month per student. These costs are not included in the chart above. County Mental Health provides supplementary "patches" of approximately$900 to$2,000 a month per resident to other facilities which are not listed here. The word "patch" is used to describe the money given to residential programs to provide day treatment services as well as other mental health services, usually to children who are AB 3632 eligible. Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners 0 A significant amount of funding for these programs comes from several different departments, therefore, effective interdepartmental coordinating mechanisms are particularly important to produce effective client outcomes. • Children who need services at this level but who are not wards or dependents of . the court or AB 3632 eligible cannot receive these services even if their families are low income unless they have private insurance which pays for residential treatment. This is one of the significant gaps in the service continuum. • There are not enough residential treatment facilities appropriate for youth 17.5 - 22 years of age in Contra Costa County. There is one 6-bed facility, but it is not available exclusively to Contra Costa County residents. • Children's Mental Health services has been working to contain the number of out- of-home placements and placement costs, but some children and adolescents will continue to need this level of care. Programs which intervene earlier may reduce the need for some, but not all, of these higher level services. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 ' Page 30 Residential Treatment • There is a need for specialized, high-level, intensive programs for the violent, firesetting, sexually offending, or dually diagnosed (that is, mental health and substance abuse or mental health and developmentally disabled) children and adolescents. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 31 CHAPTER III E: CRISIS SERVICES Anna, a 17.5 year old born in El Salvador was referred to Crisis Residential Services due to aggressive and dangerous behavior related to psychotic symptoms and drug addiction. Her childhood was characterized by the chaos and trauma of war as well as sexual abuse by her stepfather and physical abuse by a relative. She has been using heroin and other drugs for the past five years. Anna hears,- voices that command her to kill herself or harm her family, she shot her stepfather. She has been hospitalized in psychiatric facilities many times and has been served by multiple county systems: Probation, Mental Health, Social Services, Education. She achieved stability in the program and has been referred to a residential treatment program. Definition and Description According to the 1991 State of California Mental Health Master Plan, "the primary focus of crisis services is stabilization, crisis resolution, assessment of precipitating and attending factors, and recommendations for meeting identified needs." The most common crisis behaviors include suicidal gestures or attempts (usually drug overdoses); assaultive or other out-of-control behaviors or the onset or re-emergence of a major mental disorder, including schizophrenia or severe depression. Crises are often precipitated by family or peer conflict. The crisis services available in Contra Costa County fall into three major categories, as follows: ♦ Crisis stabilization is defined as an immediate face-to-face response in a 24-hour health facility for a period of less than 24 hours to individuals exhibiting acute psychiatric symptoms to avoid the need for hospitalization. Crisis stabilization services for adults, adolescents and children are available only at Mental Health Crisis Services (MRCS), located in E Ward at Merrithew Memorial Hospital in Martinez. ♦ Crisis intervention is a service offered face-to-face or by telephone at any location, to enable the individual to cope with crisis while continuing to function within the community. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 32 Crisis Services Face-to-face, walk-in crisis intervention services are available at MHOS, at Merrithew Memorial Hospital in Martinez on a 24-hour basis and at all clinics and at the West County Crisis Service during weekday hours. Telephone crisis intervention services are available, around the clock, at MHCS and under contract from Crisis and Suicide Intervention of Contra Costa County (CSI). CSI hotlines include crisis and suicide lines, child abuse lines, and a runaway line. Children and adolescents often call these services. ♦ Crisis residential treatment services are therapeutic services provided in a structured 24 hour residential program. Since February 1995, Contra Costa County has provided crisis residential treatment services to children and adolescents, 8 through 17 years of age, at the Oak Grove Crisis Residential Program in Concord. This is an eight bed facility operated by FamiliesFirst, a community-based organization. The program includes 24 hour-supervision; psychiatric evaluation and medication services; intensive day treatment; an on-site school program provided by Mt. Diablo Unified School District; and recreational activities. This is an RCL-14 residential treatment center with a staff-to-resident ratio of 1:2. The average length of stay is expected to be two weeks. Three beds are subcontracted to other counties. Population Served ♦ Crisis Stabilization: Mental Health Crisis Services (MHCS) sees children and adolescents who are brought in voluntarily or involuntarily or who walk in as "self-referrals". They may be brought in by parents, police, or other caregivers. MHCS is a designated "5150" site, a reference to the Welfare and Institutions Code 5150 which authorizes involuntary holds for persons who are a danger to themselves or others or who are gravely disabled. Approximately 40% of the children and adolescents seen by MHCS are brought in under this Code provision. ♦ Crisis Intervention: Telephone crisis hotlines are called by children and adolescents who are acutely distressed, suicidal, victims of abuse, or runaways. Sometimes their caregivers or friends call. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 33 Crisis Services ♦ Crisis Residential Treatment Services: These services are used as an alternative to hospitalization and/or to stabilize the child while assessing the current living situation for individuals experiencing acute emotional or family problems which require intensive short-term care. Utilization and Costs Table 9 summarizes the utilization and costs of the various kinds of crisis services. Since these services vary so much, cost comparisons should be made with caution. Table 9: Child and Adolescent Crisis Services Utilization and Costs 1993 - 94. PROGRAM NUMBER UNIT OF CCC TOTAL SERVED SERVICE MENTAL MENTAL PER HEALTH HEALTH YEAR COSTS COSTS Mental Health 345 < 24 hour 33,833 79,609 Crisis Services day (E Ward) West County 41 Outpatient 29028 4,055 Crisis visit Crisis and 59534 Phone 26,286 26,286 Suicide call Intervention Oak Grove 60 Per 91,000 182,000 Crisis (projected) bed/day Residential (5 beds)* TOTALS n/a 1153,860 1292,663 * AnnuaGed budget. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 34 O Crisis Services Mental Health Crisis Services, the West County Crisis Center, and Crisis and Suicide Intervention (CSI) provide most of their service to adults, therefore the County funds which help support these programs come out of the Adult Mental Health Services budget. Children and adolescents placed in crisis residential programs usually have placement orders (authorizing AFDC-FC funding), and/or qualify under AB 3632, or are subsidized by Children's Mental Health Services on a per diem basis. Crisis and Suicide Intervention, a community-based organization, is partially funded under contract by County Mental Health Services. The balance of their budget is through other non-county sources. Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners • Mental Health Crisis Services is essentially an adult program with little special provision for children. In the crisis unit, a single bed in an office, with a nurse designated to provide one-to-one observation, is available for children and adolescents who need to stay overnight. During the day, children are managed in the crisis unit along with the general adult population. No separate area is available. This situation needs to be addressed in the final planning process for the new Merrithew Memorial Hospital. • Additional training for designated staff on the crisis unit, regarding children and adolescent treatment issues, should be made available for those staff not generally in contact with children and adolescent clients. • Crisis services for children and adolescents are not easily accessible to residents outside Central County after regular working hours (Monday-Friday 9:00-6:00). • New approaches are needed to respond to mental health crises in the community. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 35 CHAPTER III F: AB 3632 Kyle, 15, an outcast at school, is constantly insulted and threatened by his classmates. He is failing several classes because he just sits in his seat and never turns in any work. At home, he spends much of his time alone in his room playing video games. Mom is cooperative, but she is a single parent who must work long hours. The AB 3632 Program psychiatrist recently prescribed anti-depressant medication for Kyle, and he is now expressing interest in learning how to develop relationships with other people and how to be successful at school. He will continue working on these issues with his individual therapist. Definition and Description Assembly Bill 3632 (AB 3632) is the only state mandated program within the mental health system for any age group. AB 3632 provides a structure and process for the local school districts and County Mental Health Services to collaborate in serving the mental health needs of special education students. It is also the only program that provides a continuum of services from consultation to intensive residential treatment for a defined group of clients, that is, special education students who are assessed as needing mental health services to be able to benefit from their education. Services provided by the AB 3632 program include: ♦ Assessment to determine whether the child is eligible for AB 3632 services; outpatient therapy, including family, group, and individual therapy. ♦ Consultation with the school, either in conjunction with outpatient therapy or as a separate service, in order to deal with specific problems, issues or questions regarding the youth's mental condition, behaviors and treatment strategies. ♦ "Gatekeeping" (See Glossary) for other services provided by community-based organizations under contract to the County, including intensive day treatment and residential services (See Chapter III, Sections D and G). ♦ Case Management including monitoring placement and treatment of each child in residential and day treatment programs; discharge planning. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 36 AB 3632 ♦ I3P consisting of intermittent in-home services for families in crisis. (See Chapter III Section C.) Population Served The referral of a child or adolescent must come from the school district, with the consent of the parent, from an Individualized Education Plan team. This team consists of the school personnel, AB 3632 mental health staff, and parents/caregivers. The decision to offer mental health services is based upon a mental health assessment performed by a clinically licensed member of the County's AB 3632 staff. Team members, including the parents, bring their individual ideas and recommendations to the team meeting where a plan is formulated. Parents have the right to accept or refuse any or all services for their child and may seek outside services at their own expense or with school district funding. Only special education students with identified emotional or mental health needs are eligible to be served by this program and then only after they have received a minimum of six months of school counseling services, which are called Designated Instructional Services, provided by their home school district. Utilization and Cost The County contracts with community-based organizations for day treatment and residential services for AB 3632 children and adolescents. The descriptions of these programs and their costs are included in other sections of this report. Table 10 shows only the utilization and cost of the services provided by AB 3632 County staff members. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 37 AB 3632 Table 10: AB 3632 Program: Unduplicated Count of Children and Adolescents and Costs, 1993-94. SERVICES NUMBER NUMBER CCC TOTAL PROVIDED BY SERVED AT SERVED MENTAL MENTAL COUNTY ONE TIME PER YEAR HEALTH ]HEALTH AB 3632 COSTS COSTS STAFF Psychotherapy, 300 450 $355,000 $1,122,000* Assessment, Case Management, Consultation This figure includes annual State funding of$472,000,identified specially by the State for AB 3632 services. AB 3632 employs 13.6 FTE (Full-Time Equivalent) clinical staff, one supervisor, and 1.8 FTE clerical staff. Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners • Utilization of the AB 3632 Program varies by school districts. The requirement for children and adolescents to be designated as special education to be eligible for AB 3632 is perceived as a barrier by some school districts. The legal requirements for completion of significant amounts of paperwork is also seen as a barrier. Some school districts refer many children and adolescents to AB 3632. Others refer fewer. West County, which is a large district, refers noticeably fewer students. Therefore, fewer children and adolescents in West County are served by AB 3632 programs and contract agencies because of the lower number of referrals. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 38 . V CHAPTER III G: DAY TREATMENT INTENSIVE PROGRAMS Shawn, 4, is a strong, naturally athletic boy who has been rejected from nine foster homes because he is angry, violent, and out-of-control. He is permanently disabled from a severe beating he received when he was 2112. He has bonded with his current foster mother, but she is not sure she can keep him because he is threatening to her younger children. In the program, he is making progress toward expressing his anger in more acceptable ways and his foster mother is learning how to help him control himself while showing him her love. With continued progress, he may be able to stay in this stable home and even to enter public school at the appropriate age. David, 17, has attended day treatment for 16 months. He was referred because of his explosive rages and paranoia. When agitated, he became hysterical and seemed to lose touch with reality. He had been hospitalized twice because of suicidal thoughts. In the program, he has made tremendous progress in controlling his temper and has learned to focus more on his skills and resourcefulness. He is planning on graduating from the day treatment program by year's end. Definition and and Descries Intensive day treatment is the highest level of care available outside a hospital or residential treatment setting for seriously emotionally disturbed children and adolescents. Intensive day treatment provides highly structured and comprehensive services in a center or school five days a week. Services include therapeutic classroom interventions; individual, group, and family therapy; special education; and age-appropriate skill development. Some programs.also provide psychiatric evaluation and medication support. In Contra Costa County, intensive day treatment programs serving children and adolescents are provided by non-profit community-based organizations under contract with the Mental Health Division. There are three programs for preschool children and two programs for school-aged children and adolescents. All programs are Medi-Cal certified and are staffed to meet State regulations. The programs designed for each of the age groups are in separate sections below. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 39 1 r Day Treatment Intensive Programs I. Intensive Day Treatment for Preschoolers Intensive day treatment for preschoolers provides highly structured therapeutic programs in nursery-school settings to children who have serious emotional problems. Programs vary in focus, but all use some combination of behavioral, developmental, and psychodynamic interventions with children. All also require participation by family members and provide parent education and counseling. Programs operate between 3 and 4.5 hours a day, 5 days a week. Program entry is based upon an assessment of the child's and family's special needs. Children continue in day treatment from six months to three years, depending on their age at enrollment and severity of diagnosis. Children are discharged when they become eligible for another program or can return to a less structured and supervised setting. The three private non-profit programs providing preschool day treatment programs are: ♦ Lynn Center, a program of the Association for Retarded Citizens (ARC), located in Pittsburg, serving East and Central County. ♦ Therapeutic Nursery School (TNS), of Early Childhood Mental Health Program, located in Richmond, serving West County. ♦ Barbara Milliff Center (formerly known as the We Care Treatment Center), located in Concord, serving Central and East County. All three programs are certified by the State of California Department of Education as State Certified Non-Public Schools which can serve special education students. Two of the programs (Lynn Center and Barbara Milliff Center) also serve, under separate contract funded by the Regional Centers, additional children who are developmentally delayed or disabled. Population Served Children enrolled in these three programs are seriously emotionally disturbed and are often functionally delayed. To be served under County mental health contracts, they must be ineligible for other funding sources (e.g., Education, Head Start, Regional Center). Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 40 Day Treatment Intensive Programs Some referrals come from County agencies: Child Protective Services, Mental Health Clinics, Public Health Nursing. Others come from Children's Hospital, U.C. San Francisco Medical Center, and other Bay Area hospitals; private agencies; Regional Center of the East Bay; day care providers; and private physicians. Some families are self-referred. Many of the children live in, or have been removed from, homes where parents have been unable to provide the nurturance, stability, and safety children need. Many have been abused or neglected. Some have been exposed to parental substance abuse and family violence. Some are dependents of the court. Utilization and Cost Total capacity for the classroom component of these three programs at any given time is 46 children. A total of 91 children were served in FY 1994 - 95. Table 12 provides an overview of children served in preschool day treatment programs. Table 12: Utilization and Costs of Preschool Treatment programs, FY 1994 - 95. PROGRAM # OF # # CCC TOTAL SLOTS SERVED** DAYS MENTAL MENTAL HEALTH HEALTH COSTS COSTS Lynn Center 13 20 2,809 146,000 224,000 Therapeutic 9 18 1,724 66,898 129,371 Nursery School Transition* n/a 7 89500 169467 Barbara Milliff 24 46 4,118 219,000 3849620 Center' TOTAL 46 1 91 1 8,651 1440,398 754,458 41 Transition is a separate follow-up program for children isc arg rom into sc oo s or o er programs. ** Number served represents unduplicated count. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 41 Day Treatment Intensive Programs Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners • There is no county-wide continuum of services for preschoolers. Such a continuum that extends from intensive services to early intervention would provide service options before day treatment as well as step-down options when a child is ready to be discharged from day treatment. • The public schools are legally resporaiW t provide special:education services to an individual, age 0-22, who has any of 14 handicapping conditions given that the person's learning is sufficiently impaired; i.e., the individual meets the State's criteria for special educations services. Serious emotional disturbance is one of the 14 handicapping conditions. Though public schools serve some young seriously emotionally disturbed children, the reality is that it is extremely difficult to get these preschoolers enrolled in an appropriate public school special education program. Barriers include the following: Given their short life span and developmental level, it is difficult for preschoolers to meet the State's criteria for special education services. Schools are reluctant to ,lel, young children as seriously emotionally disturbed. In addition, schools are only required to fund educational services while the emotionally disturbed preschooler and family need additional treatment interventions. Unless special services (beyond special education placement) are provided by the schools, AB 3632 referral is not possible. In consequence, Children's Mental Health and the contracting day treatment providers too often underwrite the full cost of both education and treatment components for preschool-age children who are seriously emotionally disturbed. • Services which would help children discharged from preschool intensive day treatment programs make the transition to regular schools are limited. They do not exist at all in most parts of the County. H. Intensive Day Treatment for School-Age Children and Adolescents School-based day treatment provides individualized educational and therapeutic services in special classrooms, either in State Certified Non-Public Schools or specialized educational units for children and adolescents between the ages of 6 and 18 who are too disturbed to function in mainstream classrooms. Mental health services provided by Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 42 Day Treatment Intensive Programs clinical staff include individual,,group, and family therapy; assessment and consultation; milieu support; and crisis intervention. If needed, medication support and monitoring is provided by psychiatrists and registered nurses. Parental and family involvement is a critical part of each child's treatment. Educational services are paid for by the child's school district. The two private non-profit programs providing day treatment programs for school-age children and adolescents are: ♦ La Cheim operates two intensive day treatment programs for children and adolescents, one in Richmond and one in Pleasant Hill. Both programs serve children and adolescents from 6 through 19 years of age. All children are referred and case managed by AB 3632. La Cheim Schools are State-Certified Non-Public Schools. ♦ Oak Grove Day Treatment, a new intensive day treatment program for youths from 12 - 17 years of age, opened in February 1995. It is operated by FamiliesFirst at the Oak Grove facility in Concord. This program primarily serves adolescents who are not eligible for the AB 3632 program. The educational component is provided by Mt. Diablo Unified School District. Population Served Intensive day treatment is for children and adolescents with acute psychiatric symptoms who are unable to function in a less intensive educational environment. They may lack impulse control, may be depressed, violent, or suicidal and, therefore, require daily therapeutic interventions and/or treatment services. Most children and adolescents live at home or,in foster care. Some children and adolescents reside in the most restrictive residential settings. Families are expected to participate in treatment. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 43 Day Treatment Intensive Programs Utilization and Cots Table 13: Day Treatment for School-Age Children and Adolescents Utilization and Costs, 1994 - 95. PROGRAM # OF # # OF CCC TOTAL SLOTS SERVED DAYS MENTAL MENTAL HEALTH HEALTH COSTS COSTS La Cheim 51 72 10,1.96 550,300 918,000 Oak Grove 24 24* 431200* 249,000** 498,000** TOTAL 75 96 14,396 799,300 19416,000 um r ery .n um r Days reflect usage from February 1995 throughJune 30, 1995. ** Figures annualized based on five months performance. Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners • Children and adolescents referred to intensive day treatment programs often require treatment for prolonged periods of time. Discharges to lesser levels of care are delayed because few "step-down" resources exist either within a day treatment program or in public school special education programs. Length of stay at higher levels could be reduced if "step-down" services are developed. • Access to day treatment for latency age children, not identified as special education, is not available through Children's Mental Health Services in Contra Costa County. • The public schools are legally responsible to provide educational services for seriously emotionally disturbed (SED) children, age 0-22, whose learning is significantly impaired; i.e., who meet the State's criteria for special education services. In,addition, schools are only required to fund educational services while the emotionally disturbed child needs additional treatment interventions. Unless special education services and school-based intervention are provided, AB 3632 assessment and referral is not possible, therefore limiting access to day treatment. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 44 r0 CHAPTER III H: YOUTH INTERAGENCY ASSESSMENT AND CONSULTATION TEAM (YIACT) Stacey, 16, was removed from her home at age 8 because of severe sexual and physical abuse. She has lived in several foster homes. At age 14, her teacher caught her stealing at school whereupon she assaulted the teacher, was charged, and sent to juvenile hall. She bounced from placement to placement due to a pattern of running away, returning to Juvenile Hall between each placement where she required crisis counseling frequently. Over the past 2 years, she's been hospitalized 3 times for suicide attempts and is now placed in a level 14 facility. In summary, Stacey was evaluated for return home by YIACT, received crisis counseling in juvenile hall by YIACT, was tracked and supported through her hospitalizations by YIACT, and is now being case managed in placement by YIACT. If her current placement fails, the next step will be hospitalization at Napa State Hospital, where she will be case managed by YIACT. Definition and Description The Youth Interagency Assessment and Consultation Team (YIACT) was created originally to centralize assessments and recommend placement options for high-risk, multi-problem youths who are served by several agencies. YIACT services now include: ♦ Assessments and evaluations of emotionally troubled children and adolescents in the Probation, Social Services, and Education Departments. Limited psychological testing is available to Social Services; ♦ Case and program consultation, both clinical and educational, to professionals who deal with these children and adolescents; ♦ Mental health crisis counseling, consultation, psychiatric and medication services to residents at Juvenile Hall; ♦ Mental health crisis counseling,. consultation, individual and group therapy, coordination with Healthy Start programs, aftercare referrals, and community treatment to residents at Orin Allen Rehabilitation Center (formerly Byron's Boys Ranch); Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 45 / V YIACT ♦ Monitoring hospital admissions for to all Medi-Cal eligible youngsters and case management for those in the "free beds" at CPC Walnut Creek Hospital throughout hospitalization and collaboration in discharge planning; ♦ "Gatekeeping" (see Glossary) and case management for County's children at Napa State Hospital and for non-AB 3632 children and adolescents at La Cheim Residential Treatment, Seneca Center, Willow Creek, and FamiliesFirst; ♦ 13P Services (see Chapter III Section C); ♦ Case management and crisis intervention for certain young adults age 18-21 previously served by YIACT who are moving into the County's Adult Mental Health Services system. Population Served YIACT serves children and adolescents ages 4 through 17 who are candidates for out-of- home placement or have been unable to succeed in one or more treatment programs. YIACT also provides transition services for a few former YIACT clients ages 18 through 22 who are moving into the County's Adult Mental Health.Services system. Utilization and Costs Table 14: YIACT Utilization and Costs for 1994 - 95. SERVICE NUMBER COUNTY TOTAL SERVED MENTAL MENTAL HEALTH COST HEALTH COST* Assessments 1090 358,000 592,000 Case Management There are no cash conte utions from other County departments at the present time, but an Educatioi L Specialist from the County Office of Education is assigned to YIACT part time. YIACT employs 11.25 FTE (full-time equivalent) staff including the following: 6.3 FTE clinicians, 1 FTE clinical intern, 1 FTE VP clinician (on contract), 1 FTE (program) supervisor, .5 FTE psychiatrist, .25 education specialist, and 1.2 FTE clerical staff. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 46 I YIACT Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners • YIACT's case management and referral functions are hampered,by the lack of needed services within the community, particularly the lack of specific programs for violent youth and juvenile sex offenders. • It is often difficult for YIACT staff to terminate services to young adults age 18 through 22 years due to the lack of appropriate services in the adult system. t Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 47 CHAPTER III I: OUTPATIENT TREATMENT Laura, 7, has been sexually abused by her father. She is frightened, easily startled, wets her bed, and has nightmares. In treatment, Laura is dealing with her confusion, self-blame, and fears of abandonment as a result of the abuse. Initially, Laura's mother, Jane, had difficulty accepting Laura's report of abuse. In her own therapy, Jane is dealing with self-blame, resentment of Laura for breaking up the family, and her own inability to protect her child. Yolanda, 11, lived with her mom and stepdad (both abusing drugs) and her three younger siblings until a year ago. She was the primary caregiver for the younger children. During one of many domestic altercations, with all four children in the next room, mom shot and killed her husband. The younger children were placed in foster homes, mom went to jail for manslaughter, and Yolanda moved to grandma's. She was brought to counseling by her grandmother because she refused to do chores, had temper tantrums, cried easily, had nightmares and was jealous that the other grandchildren received grandma's attention when they came to visit. Yolanda feels responsible for mom's drug use and the breakup of the family. She is terrified that the younger children, to whom she is very attached, will never be a part of the family again. The counselor is helping Yolanda to identify, express, and deal with her feelings and fears. She is learning about addiction and that she is not to blame. Grandma is just beginning to understand Yolanda, deal with her behavior, and meet her needs. Contra Costa County offers a broad range of regionally-based outpatient treatment services, for seriously emotionally disturbed children and their families or caretakers. There are three regional clinics operated by the Mental Health Division and four private, non-profit contract providers. The roles of the clinics and non-profit providers will be separately described in the sections which follow. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 48 Outpatient Treatment Regional Clinics Definition and Description There are three regional mental health clinics that provide outpatient services to low- income, seriously emotionally disturbed children and adolescents. Services include: assessment of mental, emotional and behavioral disorders; support for family members and others involved with the child; short and long-term individual, group, and family therapy; case management; medication support; and specialized programs. Currently, two of the clinics have intern programs. The average length of outpatient treatment is approximately one year. Regional clinic staff also provide consultation and training to the Early Mental Health Initiative (EMHI) programs operated by various school districts and located on site at some elementary schools throughout the county. In the EMHI program, children in grades K-3 who display early school adjustment problems are paired with trained paraprofessionals for 12 - 15 weekly one-on-one play sessions. The goal is to prevent mild school adjustment difficulties from becoming more severe. The paraprofessional staff is recruited from each local community and reflects, as much as possible, the ethnic and cultural mix of the school population. In 1993-1994, County Mental Health provided consultation/training to 20 schools countywide. Approximately 1,000 children a year are served in the EMHI program countywide. No Mental Health charts are opened on these 1,000 children and they are not included in the totals reflected in Table 15. The characteristics and special programs of each regional clinic (1994-95) are briefly described below. Central County Clinic, located in Concord, offers • outpatient therapy • step-parent and caretaker groups • intern training program (four interns 1994 - 95) • 4 FTE staff, 1 supervisor, 1 full time clerk. • 5 EMHI programs sites (1 school district) Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 49 i Outpatient Treatment East County Clinic, located in Antioch, offers: • outpatient therapy • Parkside Healthy Start program (participate as part of the program team) • Ambrose Service Integration Team (participate as part of the program team) • intern training program ( 4 interns 1994-95) • four EMHI program sites (1 school district) • 5.5 FTE staff, 1 supervisor, 1 FTE clerk West County Clinic, located in Richmond, offers: • outpatient therapy • adolescent sex offenders group • battered women group • parent support groups • 13 EMHI program sites (2 school districts) • 7.825 FTE staff, 1 supervisor, 2 FTE clerks, 1 FTE medical records technician, 1 FTE clerical supervisor Population Served Without treatment, the children and adolescents served by the regional clinics are at high risk for school failure,juvenile delinquency, hospitalization, and out-of-home placement. Most of the children and adolescents served by the regional clinics are diagnosed with post traumatic stress disorder, depression, or one of the disruptive behavior disorders. About a third of the children and adolescents are receiving some type of special education, and many more struggle academically. According to a survey conducted by the three regional clinics in 1993, almost half of the children served are living either with extended family or in a foster or group home. The majority of the remaining children live with only one biological parent. More than half of the biological parents of these children are alcohol and/or drug impaired. Additionally, more than half of the children have experienced some form of abuse or neglect. A majority of the sample children, from all regions of the County, have experienced or have been exposed to violence in the form of battering of family members, gang violence, and/or murders in their neighborhood. About one-third have family members who have died by violence or the child has personally witnessed murders, shootings, or stabbings. Exposure to violence is especially prevalent in West County. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 50 Outpatient Treatment Utilization and Costs The following table provides an overview of children and adolescents served through the three regional clinics. This table reflects only clients served with open charts. It does not reflect EMHI children nor other short term interventions. Table 15: Children and Adolescent Utilization and Costs at the Regional Clinics, 1994 - 95. REGIONAL NUMBER CCC TOTAL CLINIC SERVED MENTAL MENTAL HEALTH HEALTH COSTS COSTS* Central County 157 4131247 606,000 East County 320 366,206 570,000 West County `286 685,734 925,000 TOTALS 763 1314655,187 --F2,101,000 e difference between total costs and County mental health costs reflects Federal Financialarticipation and other revenue. Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners • Although families who cannot be served immediately are referred to other resources whenever possible, each of the clinics has a waiting list of 20 - 30 children and adolescents at any given time. Many children and adolescents wait three to six months for treatment. There are insufficient clinic staff to meet the need. • EMHI programs are often started with three year state grants which decrease each year. School districts are hard pressed to replace those dollars with other funding resources needed to maintain the EMHI programs. In 1995, two school districts discontinued their EMHI programs (five sites). Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 51 Outpatient Treatment • The parents of the troubled children served are often seriously disturbed themselves and in need of services. These services could best be provided through children's mental health. Currently, there are few resources to do so. • The number of ethnic minority staff at the professional level needs to be increased. rivate., Community-Based Outpatient Programs Definition and Description The County contracts with four private, non-profit providers for specialty outpatient services. Each organization provides a different type of service, as described below. Child and Family Therapy Center (CFTC), now a part of East Bay Agency for Children (EBAC), serves youth under age 18 who have been sexually molested and/or physically abused. Treatment is also provided for parents, siblings, and other adults who were molested as children. Services include: information and referral; assessment; individual, family, and group therapy; parent training; and psychological testing. Services are provided at locations throughout the county. The length of treatment averages 11 - 12 months. There are 85-100 on-going treatment slots. The county Mental Health contract provides partial funding to this agency for information and referral and intake activities only. Early Childhood Mental Health Program: Infant-Parent Program provides in-home support and intervention for parents with children under four years of age in West Contra Costa County. Services are provided to infants/young children and their families where the parent-child relationship is troubled and/or where past parenting history places the infant or child at risk. Services available include: in-home assessments; psychotherapy; parent education; and child development guidance. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 52 Outpatient Treatment The Y Team, operating under the YMCA of the East Bay, provides counseling to adolescents attending five junior high/middle schools in the West Contra Costa Unified School District. Special education students are not included because other programs are available. Services are provided on campus and include: assessments, therapy, and crisis intervention. Both individual and family therapy are available at the Y Team Clinic. Most services are provided by graduate clinical interns supervised by licensed clinicians. The length of treatment generally averages six to nine months. Many of the children served have family histories of violence, neglect, and physical/sexual abuse. Many are also exposed to, or involved in, gangs and gang violence. Familias Unidas,of Desarrollo Familiar, provides bicultural and bilingual services to Latino families in West Contra Costa County. Services provided with County mental health funds include: ♦ Outpatient therapy for individuals and families ♦ Consultation, education, and information regarding community resources and advocacy for members of the Raza community ♦ Consultation and technical assistance to professionals and human service providers regarding mental health issues, especially those relevant to Latino clients Population Served These four agencies serve similar populations. One of the consistent characteristics is the high degree of loss-suffered by family members. Violence has played a major role in the lives of a majority of these families. The children and families served experience seriously troubled family relationships, post traumatic stress disorder, depression, acting out, and suicidal behavior. Referrals come from various sources such as health and human service agencies, schools, other community-based organizations, and self-referrals. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 53 Outpatient Treatment Utilization and Costs The following table provides an overview of the utilization and costs of outpatient services provided by non-profit contractors. Table 16: Utilization and Costs of Outpatient Services Provided by Non-Profit Contractors, 1994 - 95. NON-PROFIT NUMBER NUMBER CCC TOTAL. CONTRACTORS SERVED HOURS MENTAL MENTAL HEALTH HEALTH COSTS COSTS Child/Family 135* 595 40,373 40,373 Therapy Center Early Childhood 50 1,81.3 79,000 155,636 Mental Health - Infant-Parent Program Y Team 122 19410 98,000 129,000 Familias Unidas** 36 326 34,243 34,951 minors TOTAL 343 3,793 1251,616 1 359,960 Source: PSP data tracking system fora programs except Child and Family Therapy,which provided its own figures.) * Child and Family Therapy Center: There were 135 individuals assessed face-to-face and 2,167 persons provided information and referral by phone; 307 hours were spent in assessment services and 288 hours were spent on information and referrals. ** Familias Unidas has a contract with Adult Mental Health Services with a total mental health cost of $233,007. The above numbers estimate the cost of services to children and adolescents under this contract. r Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 54 Outpatient Treatment Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners • The issue of waiting lists is generally as critical for the contract providers of outpatient services as it is for the county clinics. There are insufficient resources to meet the need. • All of the non-profit contract agencies attempt to leverage their county mental health dollars by seeking funds from other sources. In recent years, each of these programs has experienced program cuts due to decreased governmental and United Way funding. This places additional pressure on the agencies to maintain service levels while searching for additional funding. • The above specialized outpatient programs are not available in every part of the county. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 55 � CHAPTER III J: EARLY INTEI.tVENTION PROGRAMS Victor, 4, was referred by his day care provider because he was attacking other children and deliberately injuring himself. If he could not be kept in the program, it would be Victor's third expulsion from a day care program, a disaster for the family. Victor's,mother must work full time outside the home because his father sustained a serious head injury in an accident and is permanently disabled. He cannot care for Victor at home. Victor is expressing all the buried anger and frustration of his parents in his own behavior. The Preschool Consultant is helping redirect Victor's anger. Because Victor can't improved very much until his home situation improves, the Consultant also is helping the parents, who are proud and independent, to acknowledge their need for help and she has found an appropriate referral for counseling for them. Definition and Description Early intervention programs provide screening and/or assessments to identify children with early adjustment problems and provide sufficient intervention to resolve or ameliorate those problems before more intensive mental health treatment becomes necessary. Early Childhood Mental Health Program (ECMHP) is the only non-profit agency which has a contract with Children's Mental Health Services to provide an early intervention service. That service is Preschool Mental Health Consultation Teams. There is one part-time Preschool Mental Health Consultation Team in East and one part- time team in West County. Staffed by professionals, these two teams assess the treatment needs of young children enrolled in preschool and day care settings who are displaying signs of emotional disturbance. Referrals come from preschools and day care providers with parent consent. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page.56 Early Intervention Programs Team members provide: ♦ assessment of children referred by preschools and day care centers ♦ short-term counseling (a maximum of 6 visits) to parents ♦ linkage between parents and appropriate resources ♦ consultation to preschool and day care staff ♦ training for preschool.and day care staff in intervention techniques ♦ parent education and guidance in early childhood development Population Served The children served are identified by caregivers as functioning below capacity due to social/emotional difficulties or as "difficult to manage" or as children for whom family stress is creating difficulties. (Another early intervention effort, the Early Mental Health Initiatives (EMHI) program, is described in Chapter III Section I. State Department of Mental Health three-year grants often provide the start-up money for this school-based school-funded program. County Children's Mental Health Services clinic staff provide regular training and consultation to many of these programs.) Utilization and Cost Utilization data collected is in two categories: individuals served and agencies served. The individuals include children(one child counted per family),individual parents served, and the staff members in the program where each referred child is enrolled. The agency category includes preschool and day care centers of different capacities. Each agency is counted once regardless of the number of children referred from there. The Preschool Consultation Teams tallies children served (one child counted per family), individual parents served, individual preschool teachers and day care providers served and agencies served (with a breakdown by licensed capacity). This data is shown in Table 18. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 57 Early Intervention Programs Table 18: Utilization of Preschool Mental Health Consultation Teams, 1993-94. POPULATION NUMBER NUMBER TOTAL SERVED SERVED SERVED SERVED EAST COUNTY WEST COUNTY INDIVIDUALS Children 57 69 126 Parents 98 83 181 Agency Staff 117 86 203 TOTAL 272 238 510 INDIVIDUALS AGENCIES (by capacity) 1 - 12 children 7 23 30 13 - 48 children 21 13 34 48 + children 8 11 19 TOTAL 36 47 83 AGENCIES e County Mental Health cost for FY 1993-94 for this program was$129,958. T-Fe total cost of this program identified in the contract, from all sources, is $133,949. Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners • Service need is greater than the program's current capacity in both East and West County. • Children in Central County also need these services, but no team currently exists there. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 58 ' O CHAP'T'ER III K: PREVENTION PROGRAMS Annette, 15, bright and outgoing, eagerly participated in North Richmond Community Initiatives (NRCI) activities, volunteered in the office and helped care for younger kids. "Jumped" by a gang, her world fell apart. She took a gun to school for 'protection" and was sent to Juvenile Hall. Probation and County Day School followed. Throughout, NRCI staff and volunteers maintained contact with Annette and supported her goal to return to regular school. Following a summer job at NRCI, she did so this FALL. Her grades are now A's and B's. Definition and Description Prevention programs provide education, skill development and support to a generally non-symptomatic population to prevent specific problems. One non-profit agency has a contract with Children's Mental Health Services to provide two prevention programs. That agency is the Center for Human Development. 1. The Parent Educator Program (PEP) is offered throughout the County. Paid staff train volunteers to deliver health promotion lessons about issues of mental health and substance abuse to students in K - 6. The adult volunteers work in teams to promote resiliency in the children and to serve as positive role models. PEP is active in 26% of the county's public schools. In the 1993 - 94 contract year, 287 adults volunteered in PEP in Contra Costa County. PEP also offers a 12 hour workshop for parents called Strengthening Family Ties. 2. North Richmond Community Initiatives (NRCI) is located at Shields Reed Community Center in North Richmond and primarily serves that community. Paid staff and approximately fifty volunteers provide: ♦ an after school program for elementary school students (called "Kids Are Fun") which includes tutoring, recreation, and educational support ♦ a year-round after-school hours program for high school youth which includes Teen Rap, New Youth Leadership Group, and Neighborhood Youth Corps (NYC) activities ♦ a summer day camp for elementary school children in which NYC participants work as paid peer counselors Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 59 Prevention Programs ♦ a workshop, similar to Strengthening Family Ties, for parents who choose to participate Population Served All students in a participating K - 6 school are eligible to be served in the Parent Educator Program and all community residents are eligible for North Richmond Community Initiatives. Utilization and Cost The contract with Center for Human Development (one contract for two programs) is jointly funded by Children's Mental Health and the Substance Abuse Division as shown in Table 17 below. Table 17: Utilization and Costs of Center for Human Development Prevention Programs, 1994 -95. PROGRAM NUMBER NUMBER CCC CCC TOTAL CHILDREN PARENTS MENTAL SUBSTANCE COUNTY SERVED SERVED HEALTH ABUSE COSTS COSTS COSTS Parent 5,735 400 17,631 62,990 80,621 Educator Program North 555* 119 21,275 849424 105,999 Richmond Community Initiatives TOTAL 69290 1 519 38,906 1479414 186,620 * Based on year round participation, about 50% are elementary school students and 50% high school students. The cost to train volunteers in the Parent Educator Program is $175 per person. Typically, that cost is paid by the school districts or parent clubs; it is not paid with County dollars. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 60 Prevention Programs Critical Issues for Policy Makers and Planners The Parent Educator Program can only be provided where and when a school is willing to incorporate the program into the school's curriculum. • Both the Parent Educator Program and North Richmond Community Initiatives depend on the availability of volunteers and the funding to train them. In order to be effective, both programs require volunteers and staff from the local community, but it is difficult to recruit volunteers from low income areas. Funding for stipends or scholarships would help resolve this problem. • North Richmond Community Initiatives need to expand to serve the middle school age range which is currently an unserved population. All of NRCI's programs are appropriate for and needed by middle schoolers. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 61 1 CHAPTER IV: MAJOR ISSUES One cannot understand the Children's Mental Health system in Contra Costa County without knowing that the State and Federal mandate is to focus most of the resources on seriously emotionally disturbed children and adolescents. These individuals reach the system at various points of entry and at various ages with differing levels of need. The challenge is to devise effective ways to respond to them and their families. Each of the following issues affects the lives of thousands of County children and their families. The issues have been grouped into six categories. I. ACCESS TO SERVICE ♦ There are waiting lists for almost all services. ♦ The resources to intervene in the early phases of crisis, emotional distress and social dysfunction are limited. ♦ There are limited resources available to treat dually diagnosed children and adolescents. (This applies to a child with an emotional disturbance and a developmental disability or with an emotional disturbance and drug addiction or alcoholism.) ♦ The availability of day treatment for children and adolescents of all ages is limited. For example, there is none at Juvenile Hall. ♦ The availability of intensive in-home services is limited. ♦ Not all services are available in all regions of the County. This creates unequal access to the system. ♦ Children with no identified funding sources, in other words, those who are not wards or dependents of the courts or are not eligible for AB 3632 residential services, have no access to residential treatment services. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 62 I Major Issues II. SERVICE CONTINUUM DEFICIENCIES ♦ New approaches are needed to respond to mental health crises in the community. ♦ "Wrap-around" services are limited. These services provide individualized non- clinical resources to support positive treatment outcomes. ♦ There are few transition programs for young adults, ages 17 -22, who are ill equipped to function in the adult community and are often ineligible for the adult mental health system. ♦ Some parents of troubled children are seriously disturbed and in need of services themselves. These services could be best provided through Children's Mental Health. Currently, there are few resources to do so. ♦ There are no specialized high level, intensive programs available for violent, fire- setting, or sexually offending youths. State hospitals or locked regional facilities could address this issue cost-effectively. ♦ " There are no specialized, high level, intensive programs for dually diagnosed children and adolescents. (This applies to a child with an emotional disturbance and a developmental disability or with an emotional disturbance and drug addiction or alcoholism.) III. COORDINATION AND COLLABORATION ♦ Although there are multiple children's services available, they are provided through different agencies/departments and funding sources. The complexity of funding sources and regulations leads to jurisdictional problems. Innovative ways to pool funding across division/department/agency boundaries needs to be explored. ♦ There are philosophical, fiscal, and regulatory barriers to coordination and collaboration among agencies and departments. It is difficult to overcome these obstacles. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 63 Major Issues IV. REVENUE ISSUES ♦ Monies saved and revenues generated by Children's Mental Health programs are not now fully reinvested in the Children's Mental Health system. For example, see Chapter III, Section A, State Hospitals. ♦ Because funding for mental health services is primarily limited to Medi-Cal and State Realignment dollars, services for the uninsured working poor are limited. ♦ Mental health's reliance on the federal dollar makes local services vulnerable to decisions made in Washington, D.C. The role of the State in determining policies that govern distribution of federal and state dollars creates an additional vulnerability for local mental health programs. V. CULTURAL COMPETENCE ♦ It has been difficult to achieve culturally and ethnically appropriate staffing and programming for the county's changing demographics. ♦ The growing and more diverse immigrant population presents cultural issues for which staff are not adequately prepared. VI. CHANGING CONTEXT ♦ In the past decade, there has been a steady and alarming escalation in the severity of the problems displayed by the children and adolescents seen in Children's Mental Health. ♦ The complete implementation of Mental Health Managed Care will have a significant impact on the delivery of mental health services in Contra Costa County. The Mental Health Division will be responsible for the entire mental health Medi-Cal system and must provide an adequate array of services for all Medi-Cal recipients in a cost-effective manner. Under Mental Health Managed Care, Contra Costa will have more flexibility in deciding what programs to offer, but because fiscal risk will be increased, careful planning and continuous evaluation will be more important than ever. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 64 Major Issues ♦ Planning is complicated by the current uncertainty surrounding federal Medicaid, both the amount of funding that will be made available to the states and how California will allocate its share. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 65 GLOSSARY i AB 3632 is a state law signed in 1984 which mandates that County Mental Health provide a full continuum of services for special education students with emotional and behavioral difficulties which impair their ability to benefit from their education. Acute Inpatient Hospitalization - [See Chapter III Section B]. AFDC - FC is Aid to Families with Dependent Children - Foster Care. It is the funding stream for a child legally placed in any kind of foster care, i.e., relative's home, licensed foster home, group home, or residential facility. Local, state, and governments are responsible for a set share of this cost for children placed with AFDC -FC funds. Age Categories 0 - 5 years old are called preschool children 6 - 12 years old are called latency age children 13 - 17 years old are called adolescents 18 - 22 years old are called young adults Assessment includes comprehensive evaluations that consider genetic, developmental, familial, cultural, and other ecological factors. An assessment determines the individual's current and potential strengths, weaknesses and needs. Assessments include a clinical . analysis of the history and current status of the individual's mental, emotional, and or behavioral problems. Assessments often include diagnosis and may include the use of testing procedures. Case Management is the coordination of all the resources employed in the treatment and care of an individual and/or family. The Case Manager is responsible for overseeing the individual treatment plan. Collateral Contact is contact with one or more significant persons in the life of the individual receiving mental health services. Significant persons may include family members, social workers, school personnel, or others. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 66 Y v Glossary Coordinated Services is the name of one of two quality management systems currently required by the State Department of Mental Health. This is the one adopted by Contra Costa County. It establishes a single point of coordination of services for each person served longer than 60 days, sets requirements for assessment and timelines for treatment planning and treatment review. Crisis Intervention Services - [See Chapter III Section E] Culturally Comyetent describes services which recognize cultural and ethnicity as predominant forces in shaping behaviors, values, and decision making so that the child/ adolescent and family are viewed within the context of their culture and racial group. Cultural competence must be addressed in program planning, policy, training, and direct services. DSM IV is a diagnostic and statistical manual developed by the American Psychiatric Association to define and assign numerical codes to the various mental disorders. Day Treatment - [See Chapter III Section G] Early Intervention - [See Chapter III Section J] Early Mental Health Initiative (EMHI) - [See Chapter III Section I] Evaluation is an appraisal of an individual's ability to function in one or more areas. Cultural factors are addressed where appropriate. Evaluation is also the appraisal of an activity or program to determine its outcome, e.g., its effectiveness. Family Preservation/Hospital Diversion -[See Chapter III Section C] Fee-For-Service is a payment arrangement by which a private provider is paid for a service based upon an established rate for that service. Fee-for-Service Medi-Cal refers to health/mental health services provided by private providers and reimbursed directly by the State using Medi-Cal funds. FTE is the acronym for "full time equivalent" employees and is used when discussing the number of personnel positions. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 67 e Glossary Gateke=r/Gatekeeping/Gatekept refers to a situation where access to a program or service is controlled by someone outside that service. Individualized Education Plan (IEP) is the name given the written plan required for children receiving special education services. This plan specifies goals and activities aimed at enhancing a child's ability to learn. Inpatient is an individual who is admitted to a hospital for at least one day, receiving room, board, medical and nursing care. Inpatient Hospitalization - [See Chapter III Sections A and B] Intensive Day Treatment - [See Chapter III, Section G] Linkage/Linldng is the process of actively assisting individuals to connect with services in the formal and informal caregiving systems. Managed Care is a way of providing health care to an organization's membership while controlling access to services. Usually a primary care provider is assigned and preauthorization of services is required. The goal is to control costs and provide quality care but only the level of care required. Mental Health Augmentation(a "patch")is a pre-established monthly supplement to RCL 14 residential treatment programs to enable them to provide additional mental health services to residents. Medicaid - is the nation's major public health care financing program. It provides health and long-term care coverage to millions of low income persons. Authorized by Title XIX of the Social Security Act, Medicaid is currently an entitlement program governed by Federal regulations which state the criteria for service eligibility and the types of benefits funded. The program is financed by State and Federal monies and is administered by the State. In California the Federal share is 50%. California's Medicaid program is called Medi-Cat. Out-of-Home Placement is the term used when a child is assigned a living situation away from home by an official agent. The word "placement" is used to describe the activities connected with moving a child from one living situation to another. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 68 O Glossary Outpatient Treatment - [See Chapter III Sec6ion 1] "Patch" - [See Mental Health Augmentation] Prevention - [See Chapter III Section K] RCL means Rate Classification Level. The RCL signifies the level of care a state- licensed facility says it provides to residents. By use of a State formula, providers are given "points" for their staffing pattern and how many hours are worked by persons with professional degrees. Levels 13 and 14 are the two levels considered to be mental health treatment facilities. A provider's level determines the cost of care covered by AFDC - FC. Realignment is the informal name of the legislation that transferred certain fiscal and program responsibilities for health, mental health, and social service programs from the State to the Counties. It also established a defined but fluctuating structure for funding health and human services programs locally. This change occurred in 1991. [See Appendix F - Legislation]. Residential Treatment - [See Chapter III Secdon D]. Short-Doyle Act - [See Appendix F - Legislation]. Short-Doyle edi-Cal refers to a funding mechanism for mental health services where reimbursement is based on 'a 50 - 50 match of federal dollars with local and state funds. State Hospitalization - [See Chapter III Section A]. Subacute - is the label given a residential program that provides children in crisis an alternate to psychiatric hospitalization. Such programs have a higher staff-to-child staffing ratio than even RCL 13 and RCL 14 programs, both residential and day treatment components are highly structured, placement is longer term than Crisis Residential services (often six months plus) and the usual multiple funding sources are augmented by a mental health "patch". Substance Abuse is a term used for alcohol and drug abuse and/or dependency. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 69 Glossary Ste own is the term used to describe a less restrictive or less intensive alternative mental health service than the child and/or family are currently receiving. UMDAP means Uniform Method of Determining Ability to Pay. It is a State-mandated process by which the annual cost or liability for a family who is requesting mental health services is determined. "Ventura Model" - [See Appendix F - Legislation]. Welfare and Institutions Code 5150 (commonly known as "5150") authorizes short-term involuntary psychiatric "holds" for persons who are a danger to themselves or others, or are gravely disabled. Wrap-Around is the name of a service element that brings together specific additional resources that in all likelihood will foster the success of an individual's mental health treatment plan. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 70 Appendix A WRITERS AND EDITORS Children's Report Subcommittee of the Children's Committee of the Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Committee members contributed countless hours to reviewing and discussing Children's Mental Health Services, sharing observations and experiences, and finally writing and editing the chapters of this document. Each participant came to this project with one purpose: a deep commitment and dedication toward the provision of quality mental health services for children and adolescents. Terri Basile Migs Carter Bonita Granlund Taalia Hasan Arlette Merritt Cynthia Miller Ruth Ormsby Wes Robinson Vi Smith Suzanne Strisower Linda Trowsdale Chris Koch, Staff Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 71 A V Appendix B PRESENTERS AND CONTRIBUTORS The Children's Committee of the Mental Health Commission would like to thank and acknowledge the following people who spent many hours educating our committee about their programs and services. Mental Health Division Children and Adolescent Mental Health Service, David Bergesen, MFCC - Mental Health Clinical Specialist Bonita Granlund, LCSW - Mental Health Clinical Specialist Larry Hanover, PhD - Supervisor, YIACT Rick Melny, MD - Medical Director Butler Nelson, PhD - Supervisor, East County Children' Services Ray Neuman, MFCC - Supervisor, West County Children's Services Ruth Ormsby, LCSW - Program Chief David Shaw, MFCC - Mental Health Clinical Specialist Rich Weisgal, MFCC - Supervisor, AB 3632 Grant Wyborny, PhD - Supervisor, Central County Childrens Services Acute Services Linda Kirkhorn, LCSW - Supervisor, Acute Services Community-Based Organizations Christine Stoner-Mertz, LCSW - Executive Director, Seneca.Center Frank Camargo, LCSW - Executive Director, Familias Unidas Migs Carter, BA - Mental Health Program Director, La Cheim Pat Chambers, PhD - (Former)Executive Director, Child and Family Therapy Antoinette Harris, MSW - Supervisor, FamiliesFirst Judith Holmes, PhD, MFCC - Program Director, Y Team Elree Langford,.MA - Program Director, Lynn Day Treatment Center Arlette Merritt, MA - Executive Director, Early Childhood Mental Health Program Elaine Prendergast, BS - Associate Director, Center for Human Development Irene Rimer, MSW - (Former) Executive Director, We Care Day Treatment Center Michael Thomas, MA, ASW - Residential Treatment Program Director, La Cheim Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 72 1 Appendix C HISTORY OF CHILDREN'S MENTAL HEALTH SYSTEM In the mid 1970's, a State Department of Mental Health Program Audit Team concluded that Contra Costa County "had-no children's mental health services" and recommended that such services be established to meet state guidelines. Mental Health Administration responded to the audit results by: Designating the Division's Social Work Supervisor as the person responsible for issues and activities related to children and adolescents; Developing and distributing a resource directory of mental health providers who served children in the county; Establishing a planning group of professionals and interested citizens, called the Child and Adolescent Task Force (CATF), to define what services were needed, to advise/support their development, and to advise administration concerning content of the annual Short-Doyle Plan relative to children and adolescents; Recommending that the Mental Health Advisory Board (now the Mental Health Commission) designate one member to serve as a "child advocate" with specific criteria for selection and agreed-upon role. [This was done and, later, a standing Children's Committee to be chaired by the child advocate was established.] Over the past two decades, Contra Costa County Boards of Supervisors have supported the efforts of children's advocates, mental health services administration and staff, and independent non-profit agencies to create a system of mental health services for children and adolescents and their families (now called the System of Carel and to establish an administrative structure to support that service system. Implementation of new programs (i.e., components of the System of Care) began in the 1970's and continues today as funding and circumstances permit. Many of the programs established over the years continue. Some have ceased to exist. Today's System of Care (SOC) is presented in Chapter III, i. and ii. Descriptions of each component of the current SOC are found in Chapter III, Sections A-K. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 73 Appendix C Every program implemented has been shaped by the interplay of a number of factors including the political reality at the time (federal, state, and local), the funding sources available, and the level of local support (interagency, administrative, community). Legislation, regulations, and the courts have also had considerable impact on how services for children and adolescents have developed and continue to change. A formal identity for Children's Mental Health Services developed more slowly than services. It took five years for the Division to establish the position of Children and Adolescent Services Program Chief (1981) and an additional five years to establish positions titled Mental Health Children Services Supervisor (1986). Designation of a child psychiatrist as Children's Services Medical Director occurred in 1990. The history of Children's Services has been characterized by two conflicting trends; a continuing drive to create and maintain needed services along with the pressure of actual budget cuts or the threat of same which have occurred nearly every year since 1978, the year Proposition 13 was passed. - In Fiscal Year' (FY) 1977-78, 11.4% of the Mental Health Division's budget was allocated to children and adolescents. However, 9% of that money was administered by the Division, but was allocated for services to individuals with Developmental Disabilities. Only 2.4% of the dollars provided services for children and adolescents with a primary diagnosis of mental illness and/or psychosocial disability. By FY 1982-83, the percentage expended to serve children and adolescents who are seriously emotionally disturbed had risen to 16% and to 18.3% by FY 1984-85. The System of Care (SOC) has changed considerably since the mid-1980's. The last 10 years has been a decade of achieving growth in a period of shrinking resources. (Chapter III, Section A, "Utilization and Costs" discusses one example of this reality.) Children's Services Administration has made strenuous efforts to leverage available dollars, capturing federal dollars where possible, in order to minimize the effect of cuts, to ensure that programs are truly cost effective and to free up dollars to expand the SOC. The result has been an expansion of local treatment options despite state and county budget cuts (in FY 1990-91 Children's Services absorbed 20% of the Division's $3.2 million funding cut). Simultaneously, three big changes in how mental health services were funded and provided were proposed, discussed, and negotiated at all levels of government and finally were implemented locally. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 74 Appendix C • Realignment legislation in FY 1992-93 provided a stable funding source for mental health at the state level as well as the possibility for growth when the economy is sound (the funding formula includes a portion of the sales tax and a portion of vehicle license fee increases). • On July 1, 1993, a change in the 1�= of Medicaid the state collects from Washington increased local flexibility regarding how and where mental health services could be provided and still recoup Medi-Cal. This new arrangement is called the "Short-Doyle/Medi-Cal Rehabilitation Option. . ." New service delivery requirements were implemented which include assigning one person to ensure that all the services an individual consumer and family receive are well coordinated. • On January 1, 1995, Mental Health Managed Care arrived in Contra Costa County when the Division assumed the responsibility for all fee-for-service Medi-Cal psychiatric hospitalizations in the county. There have been profound shifts in the health/mental health care field during the past 10 years. These have created a period of challenge and opportunity that will continue for the foreseeable future. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 75 Appendix D MENTAL HEALTH CHILDREN'S SERVICES MISSION STATEMENT According to the California Mental Health Master Plan of 1991, the mission of Mental Health Children's Services is to: 1. Enable children with serious emotional disturbances to remain at home, succeed in school, and avoid involvement with the juvenile justice system.__.. 2. Provide a culturally competent, comprehensive spectrum of community-based services (which are) integrated into coordinated, interagency networks... 3. (Provide these) services in the least restrictive, most appropriate setting with a child's needs guiding service intensity... 4. (Recognize that) children, unlike adults, face a magnitude of developmental tasks resulting from their growth in physical, cognitive, social and emotional dimensions (all of which must be addressed), and... 5. (Respond to the fact that) children are almost always dependent because they are a part of a family. Consistent with this mission, Contra Costa County's vision of services for seriously emotionally disturbed (SED) children and their families is based on the following guiding principles: ♦ A family-centered approach to service delivery which mandates that the system conform to the needs of families rather than requiring families to adapt to the system. ♦ A comprehensive, interagency, integrated, interdisciplinary continuum of service components (responsive) to the unique needs of (the) children/families served. ♦ Case management... to support service integration and create service mixes uniquely configured to the needs of the individual families; ♦ Culturally competent services... Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 76 Appendix D ♦ Utilization of the least restrictive setting possible without compromising the safety and well being of the child... ♦ Outreach and early intervention efforts...to ensure (that) a child's needs are identified and timely intervention occurs to prevent further deterioration of functioning; (and) ♦ Family/consumer involvement and participation by community advocates for children/families...in the development, implementation, oversight, and evaluation of...policies and programs. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 77 Appendix E 4 CHILDREN/ADOLESCENT MEDICAL NECESSITY CRITERIA Children or adolescents will be provided Mental Health services where such services are deemed medically necessary. Medical necessity will be defined as (1) having a 5 axis diagnosis from the current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (2) evidence of impaired functioning in the community and (3) meeting criteria under any one of the six categories (I - VI) below: I. Any child who is eligible for mental health services pursuant to Chapter 26.5 of the California Government Code. [AB 3632] 11. A child 5 years old or younger either: 1. Displays severe delays in psychosocial and/or developmental milestones not the result of a developmental disability. OR 2. Is at risk for major psychosocial delay and the result of Mental Health Evaluation indicates significant deficits in at least one of the following areas: emotional, interpersonal, behavioral. III. Children of any age displaying: 1. At least one of the following: Persistent danger of hurting self and others. Serious suicidal act/rumination/plan with clear expectations of death. _ Behavior considerably influenced by delusions or hallucinations. _ Stressors: Catastrophic _ GAF: 0-30 OR 2. At least 3 of the following: _ Behaviors threatening or dangerous to self or others in past 3 months. Significant impairment in family, school, self-maintenance or interpersonal relationships. Threat of or recent removal from home or placement. Recent release from psychiatric inpatient care. History of past hospitalization with risk of re-hospitalization. _ Stressors: Extreme _ GAF: 31-40 OR 3. At least 4 of the following: _ History of dangerous behavior to self or others in past year. History of runaway, extended truancy. _ Acting out or avoidant, isolative behaviors at school and community. At risk for higher levels or care. History of psychiatric hospitalization or out-of-home placement. Minimally adequate psychological support. Significant impairment in at least 2 of the following: family, school, self maintenance, interpersonal relationships. Clinically significant and persistent anxiety or mood symptoms. _ Stressors: Severe _ GAF: 41-60 OR 4. Children or adolescents who have previously met the above criteria and, who are presently in Individual, group, and/or family therapy, and who no longer meet the above criteria may receive up to an additional 26 sessions of therapy if necessary for maintenance and continued stabilization. PAGE 2 IV. At least one of the following: 1. Referred for treatment in State hospital or presently a patient in State hospital or former patient in State hospital transitioning to community living. 2. In acute care hospital or former patient in an acute care hospital transitioning to the community. 3. At risk of placement in an RCL Level 13 or 14 facility. 4. Presently in a RCL level 13 or 14 facility or recently discharged from such a capability and transitioning to a lower level of care. 5. Referred by the Department of Social Services for assessment only regarding out-of-home placement in the least restrictive setting, return from placement, or family reunification (YIACT ONLY). V. At least one of the following: 1. Children whose mental disorder is in full or partial remission may continue to receive medication support services in order to maintain the remission. 2. If a child meets criteria under I, II, III, or IV above and the parent or primary caretaker requires medication support services to stabilize the home situation and to prevent out-of-home placement of the child, such services may be provided. VI. Any parent, guardian, or primary caregiver of a child 4 years old or younger who has a primary DSM Axis I diagnosis of mental illness which disrupts or interfere with daily activity and either of the following (1 or 2) is present: 1. At least one of the following is present: _ Persistent danger of hurting self and others. _ Serious suicidal act/rumination/plan with clear expectations of death. _ Behavior considerably influenced by delusions or hallucinations. Due to a mental illness, is receiving or in need of medication to stabilize and maintain level of functioning in the community. 2. At least two of the following are present: _ Behaviors threatening or dangerous of hurting self or others in the past 3 months. _ Significant impairment in ability to meet basic physical needs,or to utilize resources for food, clothing, or shelter for self and children. Significant impairment in ability to meet basic psychosocial needs for self and child(ren) displaying severe delays in developmental milestones or a significant impairment in child(ren)'s self maintenance or family/school functioning. _ Threat of or recent removal of children rom their care. _ Inadequate psychological and or'psychosocial support system. _ Recent release from psychiatric inpatient service. History of past hospitalization with risk of re-hospitalization. NOTE: The GAF Scale or Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (referenced on this Children/Adolescent Medical Necessity Criteria Form) is a 100 point continuum for mental health -mental illness which identifies ten levels of psychological, social and vocational functioning. Each level contains ten of the continuum's 100 points. A clinician assigns a numerical rating based on the level at which an individual is or was functioning at a point in time. The lower the number the more severe the person's psychiatric disability at that time. Impairment in functioning due to physical or environmental limitation is not included in assigning ratings. BGAp 2/9/96 mncriter.8on V Appendix F LEGISLATION APPLICABLE TO MENTAL HEALTH CHILDREN'S SERVICES Both federal and state legislation provides the framework for the delivery of children's mental health services in counties in California. AB 3632 is the original bill number for legislation passed in California in the 80's which mandates a full continuum of mental health services for special education students who have emotional and/or behavioral problems which interfere with their ability to profit from their education. It is often used as an informal adjective, e.g., an "AB 3632 child" or "AB 3632 services". "Egeland language„ is used to describe provisions of a bill authored by Assemblywoman Leona Egeland and passed by the legislature in the 70's. It provided that 50 percent of certain "new" mental health money allocated to counties be used to expand children's services in each county until at least 25 percent of the county's gross mental health budget was devoted to children's services. Some of this language was incorporated in the "Realignment Act" (see below). E.P.S.D.T. stands for Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment, a form of federal Medicaid that requires states to provide broad health screening and services to children. The State of California implemented this requirement through the Child Health and Disability Program (CHDP), which did not provide mental health screening or treatment. In 1995, the decision in a lawsuit brought by a County Health Department requires that E.P.S.D.T. funding be used to provide such services. Beginning in 1996, both County Mental Health Department and fee.-for-service Medi-Cal providers will be able to expand children's mental health services using E.P.S.D.T. dollars. Medi-Cal is the name for the California implementation of the federal Medicaid program. Medicaid is the federal legislation which provides for shared federal/state funding for health care, including mental health care, for the poor and disabled. Medicare is the federal health care program for the elderly. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 80 Appendix F Realignment Act (AB 1288, 1991) is legislation that made significant changes in the financing and delivery of mental health services in California. It replaced most provisions of the Short-Doyle Act of the 60's, which provided the original mechanism for shared state/county funding of mental health services. Under the Realignment Act, county mental health services are funded by a dedicated portion of sales tax dollars and counties have more authority and more responsibility for the use of these funds. Rehab (or Rehabilitation Qption is a form of federal Medicaid funding implemented in California in 1993. It uses shared federal/state dollars to provide a greater variety of rehabilitative mental health services to Medi-Cal eligible recipients. It replaced the earlier "Clinic Option" in use in California. Short-Doyle Medi-Cal is the name applied in California to shared state and federal funding for mental health services which is distributed through counties and may be used to pay private providers of services under contract. It is unlike so-called fee-for-service Medi-Cal which is used directly by the State to pay private providers. Special Education refers to educational services provided under Public Law 94-142 (1975) which is the federal act designed to assure that "all children with disabilties...have , available to them a free, appropriate public education". It supplies 40 percent of the average per-pupil expenditure for children receiving special education and related services in public elementary and secondary schools in the United States. It establishes standards for those services which are implemented in State education codes. It has been expanded by subsequent legislation to include younger children. Many children who are emotionally disabled require special education services, often provided under contracts with school districts by private state-certified non-public schools. S.S.I. is Supplemental Security Income, a kind of social security payment which can be made to disabled persons, as supplemented in California, it is S.S.P. (State Supplemental Payment). California makes a supplemental payment in lieu of providing food stamps. Ventura Model (AB 377) is the name for a pilot program originally implemented in Ventura County to divert funding which would usually be used to pay for out-of-home placement for children and adolescents and to fund programs, including mental health programs, which are demonstratively effective in preventing out-of-home placement. Subsequent legislation has extended this program to several other California counties. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 81 Appendix F Victim Witness is the name for a California state program that reimburses victims of crime. Victim witness funds can be used to pay for mental health services for a child or adult who has suffered emotional damage as a consequence of a criminal act. Welfare and Institutions Code 5150(commonly known as "5150") which authorizes short- term psychiatric "holds" for persons who are a danger to themselves or others or who are gravely disabled. Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 82 Appendix G CHILDREN'S MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES AB 3632 Program 2425 Bisso Lane #280 Concord, CA 94520 (510) 646-5665 Center for Human Development 391 Taylor Boulevard #120 Pleasant Hill, CA 94523 (510) 687-8844 Central County Children's Services 1026 Oak Grove Road Concord, CA 94518 (510) 646-5468 Contra Costa Association for Retarded Citizens, Inc. (CCARC) 1340 Arnold Drive, #127 Martinez, CA 94553 (510) 370-1818 Lynn Center 950 El Pueblo Pittsburg, CA 94565 (510) 439-7516 Desarrollo Familiar, Inc. Familias Unidas 205 39th Street Richmond, CA 94805 (510) 412-5930 Early Childhood Mental Health Program 4101 MacDonald Avenue Richmond, CA 94805-2333 (510) 412-9200 Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 83 'S Infant Parent Program (address above) Preschool Mental Health Consultation Teams (address above) Therapeutic Nursery School (TNS) (address above) East Bay Agency for Children 2540 Charleston Street Oakland, CA 94602 (510) 531-3666 Child and Family Therapy Center 2450 Stanwell Drive #270 Concord, CA 94520 (510) 686-2700 East County Children's Services 2400 Sycamore Drive #33 Antioch, CA 94509 (510) 427-8664 FamiliesFirst, Inc. 2100 Fifth Street Davis, CA 95616 (916) 753-0220 Intensive Family Preservation Program 825 Alfred Nobel Drive, #F Hercules, CA 94547 (510) 741-3100 Oak Grove Program 1034 Oak Grove Road Concord, CA 94518 (510) 827-4104 Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 84 First Hospital Vallejo 525 Oregon Street Vallejo, CA 94590 (707) 648-2200 La Cheim School, Inc. 1 Bolivar Drive Berkeley, CA 94710 (510) 649-1177 La Cheim Residential Treatment Centers 5626 Sutter Avenue Richmond, CA 94804 (510) 525-6883 Mental Health Crisis Unit Merrithew Memorial Hospital 2500 Alhambra Avenue Martinez, CA 94553 (510) 370-5700 Napa State Hospital Box A Napa, CA 94558 (707) 523-5000 Seneca Center 2275 Arlington Drive San Leandro, CA 94578 (510) 481-1222 Walnut Creek Hospital 175 La Casa Via Walnut Creek, CA 94598-3069 (510) 933-7990 Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 85 We Care Society, Inc. The Barbara MUM Center 2191 Kirker Pass Road Concord, CA 94521 (510) 671-0777 West County Children and Adolescent Services 232 Broadway Richmond, CA 94804 (510) 374-3261 West County Crisis Service 256 24th Street Richmond, CA 94804 (510) 374-3420 Willow Creek Treatment Center 341 Irwin Lane Santa Rosa, CA 95401 (707) 576-7218 YMCA of the East Bay, Inc. 4300 Lakeside Drive Richmond, CA 94806 (510) 222-9622 Y Team 4197 Lakeside Drive #150 Richmond, CA 94806 (510) 262-6551 Youth Interagency Assessment and Consultation Team (YIACT) 2425 Bisso Lane #235 Concord, CA 94520 (510) 646-5240 Contra Costa County Mental Health Commission Children's Committee Status Report, 1996 Page 86