HomeMy WebLinkAboutMINUTES - 09201994 - H.4 TO: BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
FROM: Harvey Bragdon, Director, Community Development
J. Michael Walford, Public Works Director
DATE: September 20, 1994
SUBJECT: POLICY ON ACCESS STANDARDS FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT
SPECIFIC REQUEST(S)OR RECOMMENDATION(S)&BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION
I. Recommended Action:
A. APPROVE in concept the following policy on access standards for rural development,
PROVIDE staff with direction and any changes in this policy, REFER this policy to the
planning commissions, building industry and engineering community for comment and
bring the policy back for formal Board approval with any recommendations from the
planning commissions, building industry and engineering community.
B. DIRECT the Director of the Community Development Department and the Public Works
Director to complete the policy sections on water supply and defensible space and to
review the State Responsibility Area Fire Safe Regulations to ensure the elements of this
policy and the County Ordinance Code satisfy the legal requirements of the Regulations
and if there are any inconsistencies in the Ordinance Code and/or necessary revisions to
the Ordinance Code, to bring them back to the Board for approval.
C.' DIRECT the Director of the Community Development Department and Public Works
Director to implement the intent of this policy on an interim basis until the final standards
are formally adopted.
II. Financial Impact:
Staff time will be required to revise the Ordinance Code. Development costs in rural areas may
increase, however, emergency response time will be reduced resulting in reduced property loss
and fire fighting costs in the case of a fire, and improved medical services in the case of a medical
emergency.
Continued on Attachment: X SIGNATURE:
_RECOMMENDATION OF COUNTY ADMINISTRATO
_RECOMMENDATION OF BOARD COMMITTEE
APPROVE OTHER
SIGNATURE(S):
ACTION OF BOARD ON Sept. 20, 1994 APPROVED AS RECOMMENDED_OTHER X
The Board APPROVED Recommendations A and B above and REFERRED this policy to
the Planning Commissions, building industry and engineering community for comment and to
bring the policy back for formal Board approval with any recommendations from the various
groups.
VOTE OF SUPERVISORS
UNANIMOUS(ABSENT �LT— )
AYES: NOES:
ABSENT: ABSTAIN:
1 hereby certify that this,is a true and correct copy ut
an action taken and entorcd on the minutes of the
JMW:RMA:cl Board of Supervisop on1he d;te shown.
OrlgDly.Public Works I
�.GG J7 4—
cc: Fire Districts ATTESTED: _�
Transportation Engineering PHIL BATCHELOR,Clerk of the Board
Community Development Department of Supervisors and County Administrator
County Administrator's Office
Building Inspection Department
California Department of Forestry 8r ��,Deputy
County counsel
Canty Pla Yd g WMiSsion
East Canty Pl rii ng Camrission
San Ramcn Valley Area Playing Camassion
RAIding Irdistry of Northern Calif.
\ Ilsneering counnity via Public Works
Policy on Access Standards
for Rural Development
Page -2-
Ill. Reasons for Recommendations and Background:
On December 17, 1991, the Board of Supervisors approved Resolution 91/824 in response to the
"State Responsibility Area Fire Safe Regulations" (Title 14, Division 1.5, Chapter 7, Section 1270
of the California Code of Regulations). The State Responsibility Area (SRA) are those areas of
the County served by the California Department of Forestry and roughly corresponds to the area
outside the County's Urban Limit Line. Resolution 91/824 stated the Board's intent to develop
standards in compliance with the SRA regulations. The SRA regulations provide minimum wild
fire protection standards for new development in the State Responsibility Area of the County.
Part of the regulations are directed at emergency and road access into remote and rural areas.
It has also been recognized that the County Ordinance Code, Title 9, contains road standards for
private roads that are inconsistent with Fire District Ordinances and the Fire Code. Over the past
year staff from the Fire Districts, California Department of Forestry, and GMEDA staff, have met
to develop road standards for private roads that will satisfy the safety, engineering and planning
needs of all concerned. This policy will provide a consistent set of standards for development.
These standards address the most critical aspect of the SRA regulations for wild fire protection;
the access for development in rural areas. Other SRA requirements such as water supply,
defensible space and access standards in urban areas will be brought to the Board at a later
date. Staff is bringing this policy on rural access to the Board so the County can begin to
implement measures for fire protection in the most critical areas of the County.
The SRA regulations are an existing statutory requirement for development in the County. All of
the elements of this policy are currently being recommended by the California Department of
Forestry and the Fire Districts in their comments on current development applications. As a
result, these standards are consistent with current practices.
Adoption of the standards is consistent with the goals and policies of the safety and public
facilities/services elements of the General Plan.
IV. Consequences of Negative Action:
The process to revise the Ordinance Code would not be initiated, nor the intent of Resolution
91/824 carried out.
V. Exhibit
A. POLICY ON PRIVATE RURAL ROAD DESIGN STANDARDS
The following are proposed standards for rural private roads in Contra Costa County, that
will meet the emergency access requirements of the Fire Code and "SRA Fire Safe
Regulations."
1. Purpose
The purpose of this policy is to establish design standards for private roads in the
County's rural areas that will provide property owners with every day safe access
to their property and provide adequate emergency access for medical and fire
vehicles, and to implement the policies of the County General Plan.
2. Definition
A private road is a road that has not been dedicated to the County, has not been
accepted for maintenance by the County, or has been offered for dedication but not
accepted by the County. A private road provides vehicular access to two or more
parcels or to a single parcel with more than two dwelling units. Private rural roads
Policy on Access Standards
for Rural Development
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are those private roads located outside the Urban Limit Line or within the State
Responsibility Area (SRA) served by the California Department of Forestry (CDF).
3. Road Widths
The private rural road shall be 20 feet wide and shall be centered in a 30 foot wide
access easement. The width of roadway shall be measured normal to the
centerline between the top face of the curb or edges of the pavement and shall not
include roadside ditches. In addition to the 20-foot roadway, a minimum shoulder
width of two feet shall be provided on each side of the road. A concrete curb or
asphalt concrete dike may be substituted for the shoulder on one side of the road.
Road Widths shall be widened to 28 feet at fire hydrant locations. The length of
widened road section shall extend a minimum of 20 feet on each side of the fire
hydrant, plus at least a 25 foot long taper at each end.
4. Road Grades
The grade of a private rural road shall not exceed 16%.
5. Exceptions to Road Width and Road Grades
Exceptions to the pavement width and maximum grade, because of topographical
constraints in hillside areas, environmentally sensitive areas, heritage trees, or
other physical constraints, shall be considered on the basis of relevant evidence
submitted by the developer. The maximum grade of a road may be increased to
20%. The sections of roadway over 16% shall be limited to a length of 300 feet
within each thousand foot length of roadway. Special pavement surfacing may be
required on the steeper road sections. New development on existing private rural
roads that are less than 20 feet in width should be discouraged unless safety or
access improvements are provided. An exception to the pavement width and
maximum grade may be granted by the hearing body of the Planning Agency, after
review by the GMEDA, the Fire District, and the California Department of Forestry.
GMEDA staff shall review the ultimate development potential of all the property
served by the road in determining the proper width and grade of the road
6. Turnaround
A turnaround will be required on all private roads in excess of 150 feet in length.
The radius of the edge of pavement or face of curb for a cul de sac turnaround shall
be 40 feet. Alternate turnaround provisions, such as a hammerhead or pikehead,
may be approved if adequate paved area is provided to accommodate normal
residential traffic and emergency response vehicles. A hammerhead type
turnaround shall be a minimum of sixty feet across at the top. A pikehead type
turnaround shall have a 40 foot extension, measured from the edge of pavement,
in each direction. All radii on the hammerhead and pikehead type turnaround shall
be 28 feet. The width of the turnaround shall be no less than the width of the road.
7. Roadway Surfacing
All private roads, turnarounds, and turnouts shall be paved. An exception may be
granted by the hearing body of the Planning Agency, after review by the Public
Works Department and Fire District, providing the road serves an agricultural
operation on property in an agriculturally zoned district and serves parcels that are
10 acres or larger in areas of Class 1 or Class 2 soils, or 20 acres or larger in non-
Class 1 or Class 2 soil areas. In all cases, any portions of the private rural road
that exceed 10% grade shall be paved. Portions of private roads that are not paved
shall be an all weather surface designed to support a 40,000 pound fire apparatus
having an axle loading of 25,000 pounds. An exception to the paving requirement
may be approved for an existing unpaved road provided that safety or access
Policy on Access Standards
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improvements are constructed on the existing private road, such as turnouts,
intersection improvements, sight distance improvements, road paving, etc.
8. Horizontal Curves
Changes in direction of the private road shall be made with horizontal circular
curves with the edges of the pavement parallel to, and equidistant from, the
centerline of the easement. The minimum centerline radius shall be 60 feet. The
minimum pavement width throughout the curve shall be increased to 24 feet for
those curves with a radius less than 100 feet.
9. Vertical Curves
The length of vertical curve shall be that which safely provides for a design speed
of 15 mph, for private roads that will ultimately serve no more than ten parcels, and
at least 20 MPH for private roads that will ultimately serve more than ten parcels but
shall not be less than 100 feet.
10. Turnouts
Turnouts shall be provided at locations determined by the Public Works Director,
Fire District and the California Department of Forestry. Turnouts shall be 10 feet
wide and 30 feet long with at least a 25 foot taper on each end. The width of the
turnout may be reduced if the total width of the road and turnout is a minimum of 28
feet.
11. Si min
Street signs shall be installed at the intersection of all streets whether public or
private. The installation, size, color, reflectively, letter height and materials of
private road signs shall be the same as public road signs. All private and public
roads shall be identified by name through a consistent county-wide system of non-
duplicated naming. All road signs shall be visible from both directions of vehicle
travel for a distance of at least 100 feet. Other signing such as stop signs, weight
limitation signs, one way road signs, etc., shall be installed as determined by the
Fire District and the Public Works Department. All road signs shall be installed
prior to the placement or installation of combustible construction materials on the
site.
12. Dead End Roads
Dead end roads and cul de sac roads shall be limited in length depending on the
density of development. In areas zoned for parcel sizes less than one acre the
maximum length is 800 feet. In areas zoned for parcel sizes from one acre to five
acres, the maximum length is 1,320 feet. in areas zoned for parcel sizes from five
acres to 20 acres, the maximum length is 2,640 feet. In areas zoned for parcel
sizes of 20 acres and larger, the maximum length is 5,280 feet. The length is
measured from the end of the dead end road to the point where the dead end road
system intersects with a road that intersects the County road system in two or more
places. A turnaround shall be installed at the end of each dead end road and at
1320-foot intervals.
13. Bridges
Bridges on a private road shall be designed for an HS-20 loading. Bridge design
shall not obstruct the flow of natural channels and creeks and shall be designed to
pass the design flow plus freeboard. Bridges may need to be designed to allow the
passage of wildlife. The location and design of the bridge and bridge abutments
Policy on Access Standards
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shall be based upon the stability of the creek banks. Bridges shall provide an
unobstructed width no less than 20 feet for a two-way road and 12 feet for a one-
way road. A sign shall be installed at each end of the bridge stating the weight limit
and any height restrictions.
14. Vertical Clearance
Private roads shall be designed to provide for a minimum vertical clearance of 13
feet six inches.
B. RURAL GATE STANDARDS
The width of gates at gated entrances shall be two feet wider than the width of the road,
but shall not be less than 16 feet. All gated entrances shall be located at least 30 feet from
the edge of the intersecting roadway. The design of the gate shall allow a fire engine to
stop and open the gate without obstructing traffic on the intersecting roadway. If the gate
is locked, a locking device approved by the Fire District shall be provided. If a one way
road is gated, the radius of the returns at the intersection of the one way road with the two
way road shall be 40 feet.
C. RURAL DRIVEWAY DESIGN STANDARDS
1. Definition
A driveway provides vehicular access to a single parcel that serves no more than
two dwelling units.
2. General Requirements
Driveways shall have a minimum width of 12 feet if the distance from the public or
private road to the rear of the most remote dwelling unit is not more than 150 feet.
If the distance from the public or private road to the rear of the most remote dwelling
unit is more than 150 feet, then the minimum width of the driveway shall be 16 feet,
and the design of the driveway horizontal and vertical curves, surfacing, and grade
shall be the same as a private rural road. Driveways that are longer than 150 feet
but shorter than 800 feet shall have a turnout constructed at its midpoint.
Driveways that are longer than 800 feet in length shall have turnouts at 400 foot
intervals. All driveways longer than 150 feet shall have a turnaround constructed
to within 50 feet of each dwelling unit.
3. Brid es
Driveway bridges shall be designed to the same standards as a private road bridge,
except the width may be reduced to the width of the driveway.
4. Si nin
Each driveway shall have an address placed at the driveway entrance where it
intersects with the road. The address shall be visible from both directions of travel
along the road. Driveways that serve more than one address shall have all the
addresses mounted on a single post where the driveway intersects the road.
5. Vertical Clearance
Driveways shall be constructed to provide for a minimum vertical clearance of 15
feet.
Policy on Access Standards
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D. PUBLIC ROAD STANDARDS
Public road standards exceed the SRA requirements except for the radius of the a cul-de-
sac. The radius of all public road cul-de-sacs should be increased from 35 feet to 40 feet
to not only meet the SRA regulations, but to provide adequate room for the Fire Districts
to turn around in the suburban and urban cul-de-sacs.
E. RURAL WATER SUPPLY STANDARDS - (to be determined at a later date)
F. RURAL DEFENSIBLE SPACE STANDARDS - (to be determined at a later date)
G. STRUCTURE SET BACK: - (to be determined at a later date)
H. FIRE RESISTANT AND DROUGHT RESISTANT LANDSCAPING STANDARDS (to be
determined at a later date)
PRIVATE RURAL ROAD ACCESS STANDARDS
L SUMMARY OF ISSUES RELATED TO REVISING THE DESIGN
STANDARDS
► Provide adequate access to fight wild land fires
► Required by SRA regulations and Board Resolution 91/824
► Provide safe and adequate access for emergency vehicles, service vehicles, and
property owners
► Potential increase in grading
► Potential increase in access construction costs
II. RELATED ISSUESICOMPONENTS TO CONSIDER
► Should these standards also apply to open space areas within the Urban Limit Line?
► It may be more appropriate to use "significant sized trees or significant grouping of
trees" rather than "heritage trees" as a design constraint for granting an exception to
the road standards.
III. SUMMAR Y OF CRITICAL DESIGN COMPONENTS
DESIGN STANDARD CURRENT ORDINANCE CODE RECOMMENDED
REQUIREMENT RE UMEMENT
Minimum Road Width 16 feet 20 feet
(exceptions for reduced width
allowed)
Surface paved paved
(exceptions routinely allowed for large acreage parcels) (exceptions allowed in
agricultural areas)
Maximum Grades 20'/o 16%
(exceptions up to 20'/0
allowed)
Horizontal Curve 25 feet 60 feet
Vertical Curves 50 feet 100 feet
Cul De Sac Radius 35 feet 40 feet
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