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MINUTES - 09211993 - 1.1 (2)
THE BOARD-OF SUPERVISORS OF CONTRA COSTA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Adopted this Order on September 21 , 1993 by the following vote: AYES: Supervisors Powers , Smith, Bishop, McPeak and Torlakson NOES: None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None RESOLUTION NO. 93/556 IN THE MATTER OF PROMOTING The week of October 4-10, 1993 as: "Pollution Prevention Week" WHEREAS, this County, is in favor of a clean and safe environment; and WHEREAS, pollution prevention is a successful approach to environmental protection that focuses on waste prevention, and is therefore the most favorable and progressive strategy for protecting our environment; and WHEREAS, pollution prevention can increase efficiency and save government and business money by decreasing disposal costs, improving worker safety, providing less expensive feed stocks and reducing present and future liability associated with generation of wastes; and WHEREAS, pollution prevention offers both environmental protection and increased competitiveness; and WHEREAS, by focusing attention on pollution prevention, this County will meet the challenges of the 190s for economic competitiveness and environmental protection; and WHEREAS, Pollution Prevention Week is an opportunity for government, industry, and environmental groups to celebrate the potential of pollution prevention and to work together to plan for a prosperous and sustainable future. NOW, THEREFORE, let it be resolved that the Board of Supervisors of Contra Costa County, California will continue to support and incorporate pollution prevention in its day to day operations. I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS IS A TRUE AND CORRECT COPY OF AN ACTION TAKEN AND ENTERED ON THE MINUTES OF THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS ON THE DATE SHOWN. ATTESTED September 21 , 1993 PHIL BATCHELOR, CLERK OF THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS AND OUNT DMINISTRATOR BY , DEPUTY CONTACT: Barbara Masters (370-5022) cc: County Administrator Health Services Director Hazardous Materials Division - L. Pascalli 93/556 OABAG ASSOCIATION OF BAY AREA GOVERNMENTS Mailing Address: ■ P.O. Box 2050 ■ Oakland,CA 94604-2050 August 27, 1993 0C Chair Tom A. Torlakson and Members of the Board County of Contra Costa j 300 E. Leland Avenue Suite 100 ����� Pittsburg, CA 94565 Ute. �Pl 0 1993 Dear Chair Torlakson and Members of the Board: CLERK BOARD OF SUPERVISORS CONTRA COSTA CO. The San Francisco Bay Area Hazardous Waste Management Capacity Allocation Committee (Committee) urges you to support Pollution Prevention Week, October 4 - 10, 1.993. As local government leaders, we have an opportunity and a responsibility to apply pollution prevention in our day to day operations. From purchasing decisions to policy directives, our local governments must lead by example -- to do the same as we've asked of our businesses. As a Committee, we are writing to ask for your county to participate in Pollution Prevention Week '93 by taking the following actions: 1) adopt a resolution for your local government to prevent pollution at the source (We have attached a resolution for you to consider.); 2) develop a hazardous waste reduction program for your county organization (We are providing you with the attached step-by-step guide to aid your county in this process.); and 3) participate in our morning workshop on October 7 to learn how to get the most from your pollution prevention program. (An announcement for this workshop is enclosed.) During these difficult financial times we must use our resources in the most cost efficient manner possible. Pollution prevention - reducing waste at the source - is often the cheapest and most effective way to diminish pollution over the long term. Savings can be realized in many areas, including decreased disposal costs, improved worker safety and decreases in costs of raw materials. Our region, consisting of the Counties of Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Solano, Sonoma and the City and County of San Francisco, has made significant strides to plan for the management of hazardous wastes. The Bay Area counties have demonstrated that regional cooperation -- by working to reduce hazardous Representing City and County Governments of the San Francisco Bay Area Joseph P. Bort MetroCenter 0 Eighth &Oak Streets ■ Oakland ■ (510)464-7900 0 Fax: (510)464-7970 Pollution Prev. LTR, Page 2 waste treatment and disposal capacity needs and sharing the burden of providing hazardous waste management capacity -- is in the best interests of the region. Promoting pollution prevention is a Number One priority of our Committee. We are inviting your county to participate in Pollution Prevention Week '93 and to make a commitment to pollution prevention in your operations as the Number One way to address environmental concerns. We urge your active participation in this effort. We look forward to working with you to make the Bay Area a better place to live. Thank you. Sincerely, /c AJ I / MichaSweeney, Committee Chairperson Mayor, City of Hayward and San Francisco Bay Area Hazardous Waste Management Capacity Allocation Committee: Rosemary Corbin, Committee Vice-chair, and Councilmember City of Richmond Mary King, Supervisor, Alameda County Sunne Wright McPeak, Supervisor, Contra Costa County Harold C. Brown, Jr., Supervisor, Marin County Harry Moore, Councilmember, City of Novato Kevin Shelley, Supervisor, San Francisco County Michael Rippey, Supervisor, Napa County Louis Jefferson, Councilmember, City of Yountville Mary Griffin, Supervisor,-San Mateo County Naomi Patridge, Councilmember, City of Half Moon Bay Ron Gonzales, Supervisor, Santa Clara County Trixie Johnson, Councilmember, City of San Jose Barbara Kondylis, Supervisor, Solano County Ernie Ciarrocchi, Mayor, City of Benicia Tim Smith, Supervisor, Sonoma County Jim Reilly, Councilmember, City of Rohnert Park cc: County Administrator (Does not include Step-by-step Guide) Enclosures:l)Resolution, 2)Step-by-step Guide, 3) Workshop Announcements file:ppw.ltr RESOLUTION for adoption during Pollution Prevention Week October 4-10, 1993 WHEREAS, this (City/County) is in favor of a clean and safe environment; and WHEREAS, pollution prevention is a successful approach to environmental protection that focuses on waste prevention, and is therefore the most favorable and progressive strategy for protecting our environment; and WHEREAS, pollution prevention can increase efficiency and save government and businesses money by decreasing disposal costs, improving worker safety, providing less expensive feed stocks and reducing present and future liability associated with generation of wastes; and WHEREAS, pollution prevention offers both environmental protection and increased competitiveness; and WHEREAS, by focusing attention on pollution prevention, this (City/County) will meet the challenges of the '90s for economic competitiveness and environmental protection; and WHEREAS, Pollution Prevention Week is an opportunity for government, industry, and environmental groups to celebrate the potential of pollution prevention and to work together to plan for a prosperous and sustainable future. THEREFORE, be it resolved that this (City/County) will support and incorporate pollution prevention in its day to day operations. Dated: (City/County Elected Official) file:moucom93\ppwres.819 Attention Local Governments! In recognition of Pollution Prevention Week(October 4-10) we are holding a forum on how local governments can reduce their generation of hazardous waste. > Learn how you can reduce hazardous waste at the source > Find out how to reduce your agencies cost and create a safer workplace > Increase your organizations ability to identify and follow-through on pollution prevention opportunities > Lead by example STRATECIES FOR POLLUTION PREVENTION IN YOUR • CAL COVERNMENT OPERATIONS— ThursdayOctober • • 11 • • Association of Area • 101 8th Street, Oakland, CA This workshop will cover: > Why pollution prevention and specifically, hazardous waste reduction are important for your organization > Success stories in other local government organizations > Cost saving techniques that have worked You will receive the highly acclaimed Hazardous Waste Reduction:A Step by Step Guidebook Agenda 9:00 Welcome and Opening Comments- Panel Speakers: Michael Sweeney, Hayward Mayor and Chair, Sewage Treatment Plant-Dean Paige, Industrial Waste Hazardous Waste Management Capacity Department, Sonoma County Allocation Committee Building Repair and Laboratories-Daniel Rourke, 9:15 Pollution Prevention Overview- Department of Public Works, San Francisco Paul Giardina, Acting Regional Administration and PurchasingEmcurement-Janice Hansen (invited), City Ombudsman, Cal-EPA, Dept.of Toxic Substances of Berkeley Control Port Overations-Patricia Murphy, Port of Oakland 9:40 Panel Moderator: Mike Rippey, Napa Co. Parks and Recreation-Rich Murphy, San Mateo County Supervisor, Member, Hazardous Waste Mgmt. Print Shores-Lloyd Ferreira, Manager Printing Services Capacity Allocation Committee Santa Clara County Questions??? Call(510)4647964 ---------------------------------------------- REGISTRATI • Name Title Organization Address City State Zip Phone( ) Fax( ) Credit Card# Exp. Date Signature $25 fee Mail •ur registration to: ABAG ✓Make check payable to ABAG. CA 94604-2050 i' ✓Registration is on first come first served basis. • ✓Fax credit card registration to(510)464-7970. ✓For more information,call (510)464-7964. IN3WNU3AO9 IV001 mnOA NI NOIIN3A311d NOunllOd 7N11N3W31dWl 090U-1709t76 VO `PUelNe0 OSOZ xo9 'O'd stuawuJ9no0 easy AUG fo uolteloossy aejtlwwoD uolteoolld AtloedeD tuewe6eueW etseM snopaezeH Directions to Joseph P. Bort MetroCenter 101 8th Street Oakland, CA 94607 > Parking is available at the Oakland (510) 464-7900 Museum on Oak St., the Alameda County Parking Garage at 12th and > Conveniently located across the Jackson, or 2-hour metered parking is street from the Lake Merritt BART available on the Street station > Traveling north on Interstate 880, 13th Street ® �g stege take the Oak Street exit, right on — to �; PukingOak Street, and left on 8th Street Sao a � (Oakland Mu > Lake Muria 8th street -, sen station :.Traveling west in Interstate 980/ 7th Street Highway 24, take the Jackson MetroCenter Street exit, straight on 5th aao Street, left on Oak Street, and stn saes, left on 8th Street slueld }uewteeal aeWM etseM '8 aa}eM Ate}eS V 411eeH eoeldNaoM s91ou96y aollod 18 aald stoljtsla leloedS sdoyS tuud saloua6y 6ulseyo.md uolteaaoad pue sMJ'Bd seolAaaS Ieaaue0 eoueuetulew }eaats aoueueaulew teeld sNaoM ollgnd :stuew:pedap 6u1m011of ayt woaf lauuosJad fuawuJ9no0 leoo-j isiepeal eyt eae nog( - slelolff0 p910913 :GN3.LLV ainom OHM -seltlo 001, JOAO pue seltunoo eajy Aug eulu eyt 6uqueseidej 9911lwwo0 uolteoolly AjIoedeO fuewe6euew atseM snopaezeH eeay Aea ooslouead ueS eyt Aq peaosuods sl doysNiom slyl SNOLLV113dO 09 IVD0010 14011MATUd NOunil0d9 W1 IdOl HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION : .......... A A }...: -BY-STEP STEP GUIDEBOOK :£ } for California Cities NX sCalifornia Environmental Protection Agency Department of Toxic Substances Control 400 "P" Street Sacramento, California 95814 June 1992 HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION: A STEP-BY STEP GUIDEBOOK FOR CALIFORNIA CITIES Prepared by: The City of Anaheim Public Utilities Department Edward K.Aghjayan, General Manager Prepared for: California Environmental Protection Agency Department of Toxic Substances Control June 1992 Printed an Recycled & RecycPaaDer sable Page ProjectAbstract....................................................................................................................................................................5 Acknowledgements ..............................................................................................................................................................5 Disclaimer............................................................................................................................................................................5 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................7 1.1 Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................................7 1.1.1 Project Summary ..... .......................................................................................................................................7 1.12 Conclusions.......................................................................................................................................................7 1.13 Recommendations ............................................................................................................................................7 2 What is a Hazardous Waste? ..........................................................................................................................................9 2.1 What Makes a Waste a Hazardous Waste? .........................................................................................................9 22 Why is Hazardous Waste Regulated?................................................................................................................11 23 Summary of Federal Hazardous Waste Regulations.........................................................................................11 2.3.1 Accumulating Hazardous Waste ....................................................................................................................11 2.3.2, Hazardous Waste Storage.........»........................_..........................................................................................12 2.3.3 Hazardous Waste Determination...........................................................».......................................................13 23.4 Transporting a Hazardous Waste Offsite........................................................................................................13 2.4 Summary of California Hazardous Waste Regulations..................................................................................15 2.4.1 Accumulating Hazardous Waste ....................................................................................................................15 2.42 Hazardous Waste Storage...............................................................................................................................20 2.43 Hazardous Waste Determination...................................................................................................................20 2AA Transporting a Hazardous Waste Offsite...................................................................................................20 3 Hazardous Waste Reduction.........................................................................................................................................21 3.1 Description of Typical City Operations and Organizational Structure ..........................................................21 32 Typical Hazardous Wastes Generated by Cities..........._.........._...............»......»...........................................21 4 Hazardous Waste Reduction Program Overview...................»...»...»..........................................................................23 4.1 Why Should You Reduce Your Hazardous Waste?...........»....»....................................................................23 42 Defining Hazardous Waste Reduction............»..............................................................................................23 4.3 Overview of Legislation On Waste Reduction..............__.............................................................................24 4.4 Senate Bill 14 Requirements..............»...».....................................................................................................24 4.5 Approach to Hazardous Waste Reduction......................................................................................................26 5 Step 1 : Developing Your Hazardous Waste Reduction Program...............................................................................29 5.1 Management Commitment.............................................................................................................................29 52 Department and Employee Involvement........................................................................................................29 52.1 Recognition..................................................».................................................................................................29 5.2.2 Employee Incentive Programs........................................................................................................................29 5.2.3 Department Incentive Programs....................................................................................................................30 53 Communication................................................................................................................................................30 53.1 Employees ......................................................................................................................................................30 5.3.2 Your Community............................................................................................................................................30 5.4 Objectives of Your Program...........................................................................................................................32 1 Page 55. Procedures for Getting Started........................................................................................................................32 6 Step 2: Facility and Process Assessments ...................................................................................................................33 6.1 Objective of Conducting Assessments...........................................................................................................33 6.2 Preparing for the Assessment».......................................................................................................................33 63 Waste Reduction Numbers and Setting Up a Data Base of Waste Streams...................................................34 6.4 General Assessments by Department....................................»........................................................................34 6.4.1 Electric Utilities Department..........................................................................................................................34 6.42 Water Utilities Department.............................................................................................................................34 6.43 Facilities/Street Maintenance..........................................................................................................................37 6.4.4 Fleet Maintenance..........................................................»................................................................................37 6.45 Parks and Recreation.................................................................................................:...................................37 6.4.6 Convention Center.........................................................................................................................................41 6.4.7 Stadium.........................................................................................................................................................41 6.4.8 Reprographics...............................................................................................................................................41 6.4.9 Fire Department............................................................................................................................................41 6.4.10 Police Department........................................................................................................................................41 6.4.11 Golf Course....................................................................................................................................................45 6.4.12 Sewage Treatment Plant................................................................................................................................45 7 Step 3: Available Hazardous Waste Reduction Alternatives...................................................................................47 7.1 Developing a Method for Evaluating Hazardous Waste Reduction Alternatives........................................47 7.1.1 Where to Begin..............»».»..».....................................................................................................................47 7.12 Resources and Assistance Available...............................»...........................................................................48 7.13 Hazardous Waste Reduction Alternatives and Hierarchy for Selection......................................................51 7.1.4 Establishing a Waste Minimization Work Group..................................»......................................................51 72 Hazardous Waste Reduction Alternative Number 1: Housekeeping or Inventory Controls......................51 72.1 How to Recognize You Have a Housekeeping Problem..............................................................................52 7.2.2 Advantages »............»....................»..............................................................................................................52 723 Other Considerations................»...».........................»..................................................................................54 72.4 Typical Housekeeping Controls..»».»»»......»»»...».....».».»....».»».............................................................54 7.2.5 Typical Inventory Controls».._»»».»...».......».»...............................»........................................................54 73 Hazardous Waste Reduction Alternatives Numbers 2 and 3: Substituting a Nonhazardous or Less Hazardous Material for a Hazardous Material.................................54 73.1 Considerations..................».....»..................................................................................................................56 73.2 Advantages ...................»...»..».....................................................................................................................56 733 Other Considerations..»...............»...............................................................................................................56 73AAdvantages ...........»........»...»».................»..................................................................................................57 735 Other Considerations....»........»...........................»..........»...»......................................................................57 7.4 Waste Reduction Alternative Number4: Onsite Recycling.........................................................................57 7.4.1 Advantages ...........».»».»............»....................»».........................................................................................57 7.42 Other Considerations...................»..»........».................................................................................................58 75 Waste Reduction Alternative Number5: Offsite Recycling ........................................................................58 75.1 Advantages ..............................»................»...............................................................................................58 752 Other Considerations..............»....................................................................................................................58 2 Page 7.6 Waste Reduction Alternative Number 6: Process Elimination...................................................................58 7.6.1 Advantages ...................................................................................................................................................58 7.62 Other Considerations....................................................................................................................................58 8 Step 4: Evaluating Waste Streams for Hazardous Waste Reduction Potential .........................................................59 8.1 Overview of the Process...............................................................................................................................59 82 Which of the Materials Used at Your Facility Are Hazardous?...................................................................59 8.3 Which of the Processes at Your Facility Use Hazardous Materials? ..........................................................59 8.4 What Hazardous Wastes Are Generated From These Processes?................................................................60 8.5 What Waste Types Are Generated at Your Facility? ...................................................................................60 8.6 What Two or Throe Waste Streams Are Generated Most? ..........................................................................60 8.7 Evaluating Your Hazardous Waste Reduction Alternatives........................................................................60 8.7.1 ' Evaluation Procedure...................................................................................................................................60 8.72 How to Complete Checklists.......................................................................................................................62 9 Step 5: Implementing Waste Reduction Strategies ..................................................................................................65 9.1 • Implementation Considerations....................................................................................................................65 92 Implementation Plan.....................................................................................................................................65 93 Establishing an Evaluation Plan to Monitor and Track Progress.................................................................66 10 Step 6: Hazardous Material Purchase Management Program...................................................................................67 10.1 Purpose.........................................................................................................................................................67 102 Strategies Available......................................................................................................................................67 102.1 Implement a Hazardous Material Purchase and Management Program.......................................................67 10.2.2 Implement a Central Hazardous Material Purchase and Management Program..........................................68 11 Differences Between Senate Bill(SB 14)and This Guidebook.................................................................................71 11. Differences....................................................................................................................................................71 112 Do You Need to Comply with Senate Bill 14(SB 14)?..............................................................................71 113 How to Adjust This Guidebook to Comply with Senate Bill 14(SB 14) ....................................:..............72 12 Conclusions ........................................»......................................................................................................................75 AppendixA List of Definitions.................................................................................................................................A-1 Appendix B. List of Hazardous Chemicals................................................................................................................B-1 Appendix C. State Hazardous Waste Codes...............»............................................................................................C-1 Appendix D. Example: City of Anaheim Implementation of Hazardous Waste Reduction Program ......................D-1 Appendix E. Hazardous Waste Assessment Questionnaire.......................................................................................E-1 Appendix F. Source Reduction Checklists ................................................................................................................F-1 Appendix G. Source Reduction Summary Checklist................................................................................................G-1 Tables 6-1 Organizing Waste Reduction Information ......................................................................................................35 6-2 Department Locators.......................................................................................................................................36 6-3 Waste Types....................................................................................................................................................36 6-4 Typical Processes Performed at an Electrical Utilities Department................................................................37 6-5 Typical Processes Performed at a Water Utilities Department.......................................................................38 6-6 Typical Processes Performed at a Facilities/Street Maintenance Department................................................38 6-7 Typical Processes Performed at a Fleet Maintenance Department.................................................................39 6-8 Typical Processes Performed at a Parks and Recreation Department.............................................................40 3 Page 6-9 Typical Processes Performed at a Convention Center Department................................................................41 6-10 Typical Processes Performed at a Stadium .....................................................................................................42 6-11 Typical Processes Performed at a Reprographics Department.......................................................................43 6-12 Typical Processes Performed at a Fire Department.........................................................................................44 6-13 Typical Processes Performed at a Police Department......................................................................................44 6-14 Typical Processes Performed at a Golf Course...............................................................................................45 6-15 Typical Processes Performed at a Sewage Treatment:Plant............................................................................46 7-1 Guide to Household Procedures and Less Hazardous Alternatives................................................................49 11-1 Comparison of This Guidebook and SB14 .......»............................................................................................73 Figures 2-1 California Environmental Protection Agency Department of Toxic Substances Control Regional Offices..10 2-2 Example: Hazardous Waste Label .................................»......................._........»............................................12 2-3 Example: Hazardous Waste Manifest..............................................................»......................................14 2-4(a) Hazard Class Labels............................:...........................................................................................................16 2-4(b) Additional Hazard Class Markings and Labels...........................»..................................................................17 2-5(a) Placards............................................................................................................................................................18 2-5(b) Placards..............................»......_.._......»_........................»..........................................................................19 4-1 Waste Minimization Techniques......................................»............................................................................25 4-2 Overall Hazardous Waste Reduction Approach..............................................................................................27 5-1 Example: Press Release..................................................................................................................................31 7-1 Example: Weekly Inspection Checklist...........»............»............».................................................................53 7-2 Hazardous Waste Disposal Procedures.........»...»......................._.................................................................55 4 Project Abstract Disclaimer Hazardous Waste Reduction:A Step-by-Step Guide- The statements and conclusions of this report are those book for California Cities is designed to facilitate the of the Grantee and not necessarily those of the State of reduction of hazardous materials used and the hazard- California.The mention of commercial products,their ous wastes typically generated by city operations.This source,or their use in connection with material reported guidebook outlines the essential elements of a success- herein is not to be construed as either an actual or ful waste reduction program and walks the user through implied endorsement of such products. the steps the city can take to implement the program's multimedia approach.The guidebook provides a series Disclaimer of"user-friendly"checklists for evaloaft-hawdous- waste generating processes and identifying waste re- duction alternatives. This guidebook was submitted by the City of Anaheim to the California EPA,Department of Toxic Substances Although this guidebook focuses on city operations,it Control.Neither the City of Anaheim,nor any persons can be useful forany local government in implementing acting on its behalf,a)makes any warranty or represen- a hazardous waste reduction program. talion,expressed or implied,with respect to the accu- racy, completeness or usefulness of the information Acknowledgements contained in this guidebook, or that the use of any information,cost estimate,apparatus,method or pro- cess disclosed in this report,may not infringe privately David Wright,California EPA owned rights: or b) assumes any liabilities with the Department of Toxic Substances Control respect to use of,or damage resulting from the use of, any information,cost estimate,apparatus,method,or John Hills.City of Anaheim process disclosed in this guidebook,including conse- Public Utilities Department quentialorotherindirectorcontingentliabilitieswhether Environmental Services Division due to the negligence of the City of Anaheim, or otherwise.Any person,entity,or third party using this Sharon Lien,City of Anaheim guidebook or its contents or relying therein does so at its Public Utilities Department own risk and does hereby release,defend,and indem- Environmental Services Division nify the City of Anaheim from and against any liability, cost or expense such person,entity,or third party may Patricia O'Hara,CH2M HILL,Los Angeles Office incur as a result of said use,or reliance. Jeff Hendrix,CH2M HILL,Los Angeles Office Regulatory Renu Gupta,CH2M HILL,Los Angeles Office All text pertaining to law and regulations contained Sharon Jones,CH2M HILL,Los Angeles Office within this guidebook are provided forgeneral informa- tion only.That information is not reliable for use as a Liz McDargh,CH2M HELL,Los Angeles Office legal reference.The generator must contact the appro- priate legal sources and regulatory authorities for up-to- This report was submitted in fulfillment ofGrant Award date regulatory requirements, and their interpretation #89-0116 by the City of Anaheim, Public Utilities and implementation. Department under the sponsorship of the California EPA,Department of Toxic Substances Control.Work was completed as of August 1991. 5 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Introduction Chapter 1 1.1 Executive Summary The City of Anaheim, Public Utilities Department, reduction process needs to be user-friendly and de- Environmental Services Division,under the direction veloped for use by the"end-user"employees,since of the California Environmental Protection Agency, these employees will most likely by responsible for Department ofToxic Substance Control,developed this the implementation of the program. guidebook to assist cities in implementing internal hazardous waste reduction programs. Each of these elements plays an important part both during the development of your hazardous waste reduc- 1.1.1 Project Summary tion program and through the entire process of imple- mentation. The goal of this project was to provide a user-friendly document that can be easily utilized by any city to 1.13 Recommendations implement a hazardous waste reduction program.This document provides cities with a consolidated descrip- The information and recommendations provided in this tion of the types of hazardous wastes that can be guidebook are based upon the achievements and prob- generated in the operation and maintenance of a city, lems encountered by the City of Anaheim during the identifies alternatives to materials or processes that administration of this project.Itis important to consider generate hazardous wastes,and establishes a system to the key elements described above during the develop- monitor and review the types of materials used prior to ment of a hazardous waste program for your city.This purchase. The step-by-step strategy outlined in this guidebook is designed to provide you with a starting guidebook allows each department/division to utilize block to develop an individualized hazardous waste existing personnel resources to develop a hazardous reduction program that will meet the needs of your city. waste reduction program in lieu of contracting these Services,which may be difficult due to budget limita- tions.This approach is more readily accepted by both the management(for financial and administrative rea- sons)and the workers.because it requires their partici- pation in the actual program development process.A list of definitions of terms used in this guidebook is provided in Appendix A. 1.12 Conclusions During the development of the hazardous waste reduc- tion program in the City of Anaheim,it became evident that the following essential elements were necessary for a successful program: • Management commitment. In order for the pro- gram to be effective,a strong commitment from top management must be communicated to employees. • Employee involvement and education. Each de- partment needs to be involved in the development process of the program.Employee education related to the identification of hazardous wastes,hazardous waste managementrequirements,and hazardous waste reduction techniques will encourage involvement and support of your program. • User-friendly program. The hazardous waste 7 Chapter 2 WHAT IS HAZARDOUS WASTE? What is a Ha.-Zardo'its Waste? Chapter 2 When first developing a source reduction or. waste The material will be transported away from your minimization program for your department,it is impor- facility to be recycled,incinerated,or disposed. tant that you have a basic understanding of what makes a waste a hazardous waste and also what makes a Step 2 - Did you use a 4aaar4eus_nuaterial? The material a hazardous material You should be aware that second step is to determine if the waste originated from both the federal and state regulations concerning haz- a hazardous material.There are several ways to deter- ardous wastes are complicated and cannot be fully mine if the materials you use are hazardous materials. explained in this manual.The discussion presented here Table B-1(see Appendix B)lists materials that the State is to help you get started identifying what hazardous of California considers to be hazardous or extremely materials you may currently be using and what hazard- hazardous.Some of the more commonly used chemi- ous wastes may be generated from your use of these calsappearin bold.If one or more of these chemicals are products. found in your inventory, their use may result in the generation of ahazardous waste.You can find out about This chapter is designed to assist you in identifying the the hazardous characteristics of the chemicals in your hazardous materials you currently use,possible hazard- inventory by looking at the Material Safety Data Sheet ous wastes you may be generating from your use of (MSDS)for each material.An MSDS should be avail- these materials,and other sources of information that able for all the materials you use at your facility.If an are available to you if you have further questions about MSDS is not available, contact the manufacturer to your materials or wastes. have one sent to you. The organization of this chapter is as follows: If a waste is generated from the use of a hazardous material. you probably have generated a hazardous • Section 2.1 What Makes a Waste a Hazardous waste. Waste? This section briefly describes hazardous materials and how you can tell if a waste your depart- Step 3 - What if the chemical is not listed on ment is generating is considered a hazardous waste. Table B-1? If you have a waste that did not originate from a material containing one of the chemicals listed in • Section 2.2 Why is Hazardous Waste Regulated? Table B-1,you need to review Table B-2(see Appendix This section describes why some of your wastes need B)to determine if your waste is listed under one of the to be managed according to special federal and state common categories of hazardous wastes.The State of regulations. California has compiled this list to include wastes the state considers to be hazardous but not necessarily due • Section 2.3 Summary of Federal Hazardous Waste to the presence of a chemical listed in Table B-1. Regulations. This section briefly summarizes the federal regulations concerning the handling and over- If you have a waste that fits one of these categories,you all management of hazardous wastes. have a hazardous waste. • Section 2.4 Summary of California Hazardous Waste Step 4 -What if the waste does not fit any of the Regulations. This section briefly summarizes the Table B-2 categories? If you have a waste that is not state regulations concerning the handling and overall listed in either Table B-I or B-2 and you are not sure if management of hazardous wastes. it is hazardous,you can contact your regional office of the CaliforniaEnvironmental Protection Agency(EPA), Department of Toxic Substances Control for clarifica- 2.1 What Makes a Waste a Hazardous tion. The offices and the phone numbers of the duty Waste? officers are shown in Figure 2-1 and listed below: Region#1 10151 Croydon Way Step 1-What is a waste? You have a waste when: Sacramento,CA 95826 • The material can no longer be used for its intended Duty Officer 916855-7773 purpose. Includes Siskiyou, Modoc, Trinity, Shasta, Lassen, • The material is scheduled to be thrown away. Tehama, Plumas, Butte, Glenn, Lake Colusa, Sutter, Yuba,Sierra,Nevada,Placer,El Dorado,Amador, 9 or MAM T1� rum REGION f-SACRAMENTO ' DEPARTMENT OF TOXIC SUBSTANCE CONTROL 4250 POWER INN ROAD s+... SACRAMENTO. CA 95826 (916) 739-3145 t� She trs a.�.s ws Eros ►+� 3 , ' A4"' REGION 1-FRESNO ftw� Ao" �.. (SURVEILLANCE AND ENFORCEMENT r.,, M AND SITE MITIGATION ONLY) c.�. i.ww Trnw. DEPARTMENT OF TOXIC SUBSTANCE CONTROL �.iou. T 5545 EAST SHIELDS AVENUE �` cera /mi \- FRESNO. CA 93727 s.wscm meows 209) 445-5938 San f,amw Yarn hwsu KYR $m ums Xw claw M m REGION 2-EMERYVILLE DEPARTMENT OF TOXIC SUBSTANCE CONTROL 2151 BERKELEY WAY. ANNEX 7 BERKELEY. CA 94704 (415) 540-2043 tri a.� u.or� rw..r REGION 3-BURBANK DEPARTMENT OF TOXIC SUBSTANCE CONTROL 1405 NORTH SAN FERNANDO ROAD BURBANK. CA 91504 (818) 567-3000 REGION 4-LONG BEACH DEPARTMENT OF TOXIC SUBSTANCE CONTROL 245 WENT BROADWAY. SUITE 360 LONG BEACH. CA 90802 (213) 590-5950 FIGURE 2-1 CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY DEPARTMENT OF TOXIC SUBSTANCE CONTROL REGIONAL OFFICES 10 Sacramento.Yolo,Alpine,Tuolumne,Mono.Calaveras, drinking water. San Joaquin, Stanislaus, Merced, Mariposa, Madera, Fresno,Kings,Tulare,Inyo,Kern,San Luis Obispo and Wastes considered hazardous need to be properly eastern Solano Counties labelled to prevent the accidental mixing of wastes that are incompatible.Mixing of incompatible wastes Region#2 700 Heinz Avenue,Building F. can result in fires,explosions,or the generation of a Second Floor toxic gas.For example,mixing ammonia and chlo- Berkeley,CA 94710 rine bleach results in the generation of chlorine gas, Duty Officer 415/540-3739 which is toxic to most living things including hu- mans. Includes Del Norte,Humboldt,Mendocino,Sonoma, Napa,Marin,western Solano,Contra Costa,San Fran-. Wastes considered hi2ardous n;ed to be managed in cisco,Alameda, San Mateo,Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, a manner that will prevent the accidental spill or leak San Benito,and Monterey Counties of the waste to the immediate or the surrounding area. Region#3 1405 North San Fernando Boulevard Wastes considered hazardous need to be transported Burbank,CA 91504 in a manner that minimizes the possibility of an Duty Officer 818/567-3000 accidental spil!or release of the waste. Includes Santa Barbara, Ventura, and Northern Los It is important to firstrecogrizewhich ofyour materials Angeles Counties are hazardous and second which of your wastes are hazardous U they g*e generated to prevent the mishan- Region#4 245 West Broadway-Third Floor dung of these hazanlous wastes. Long Beach,CA 90802 Duty Officer 213/590-4968 2.3 Summary of Federal Hazardous Includes southern Los Angeles,San Bernardino, Waste Regulations Orange,Riverside,San Diego,and Imperial Counties. The Federal Hazardous Waste Regulations are found in The duty officer can advise you on how to determine the Code of Federal Regulations(40 CFR)Sections 260 if you have a hazardous waste and on proper handling through 280.This section briefly summarizes some of procedures.As a generator of waste,it is your respon= the basic aspects of hazardous waste management and sibility to designate it hazardous or nonhazardous. is not intended to be a substitute for the regulations.The You may need to test your waste to make this designa- following applies to facilities that store hazardous wastes tion.The Department of Toxic Substances Control can for less than 90 days. advise you on testing requirements. You can purchase a copy of the Federal Hazardous 2.2 Why is Hazardous Waste Regulated? Waste Regulations by contacting: You are required to handle your hazardous wastes Superintendent of Documents according to specific federal and state regulations for U.S.Government Printing Office several reasons: Washington,D.C.20402 2021783-3238 • Wastes considered hazardous need to be handled in a manner that protects not only the people handling the 2.3.1 Accumulating Hazardous Wastes wastes but also any other person who may come in contact with it. You are allowed to accumulate up to 55 gallons of hazardous waste, or one quart of acutely hazardous • Wastes considered hazardous need to be disposed of waste, near the point of generation as long as the in a manner that will prevent them from affecting our accumulation is done under the .supervision of the environment. In other words,we do not want these operator of the process that generates the waste.Once wastes entering the air,soil,or our lakes,rivers,or you have accumulated 55 gallons, the waste must be groundwater all of which may be our source of transported to a designated hazardous waste storage 11 area.Once the waste is moved to this storage area,you nia EPA,Department of Toxic Substances Control(see have 90 days to recycle or otherwise dispose of it.The Section 2.1 for phone numbers).Once waste is brought container(s)used to accumulate wastes must be labelled to this area, it must be labelled with the following "Hazardous Waste"or with other words that identify the information: contents of the accumulation container.You can accu- mulate in as many containers as you wish,but once 55 The words"HAZARDOUS WASTE" gallons have been accumulated,all 55 gallons must be moved to the hazardous waste storage area within 3 The date the waste was brought into the storage area days of reaching the 55-gallon limit. Name and address of your facility 2.3.2 Hazardous Waste Storage Your EPA Identification Number You are allowed to store hazardous waste in the hazard- ous waste storage area for up to 90 days.Before you can An example humdous waste label is shown in Figure 2-2. store hazardous waste,you must have a U.S.Environ- mental Protection Agency (USEPA) Identification The storage area should have limited access. All the Number.This number can be obtained from the Califor- labels should be attached to the containers and printed HAZARDOUS WASTE STATE AND FEDERAL LAW PROHIBITS IMPROPER DISPOSAL IF FOUND.CONTACT THE NEAREST POLICE.OR PUBLIC SAFETY AUTHORITY.OR THE U.S.ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY OR THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES PROPER!).0 T. SHIPPING NAME UN Or NA• GENERATOR INFORMATION: NAME ADDRESS CITY -TATS 71P EPAMANIFEST 10 NO./DOCUMENT NO. / EPA CA ACCUMULATION WASTE N0. WASTE NO. START DATE CONTENTS.COMPOSITION: PHYSICAL STATE: HAZARDOUS PROPERTIES: Z FLAMMABLE TOXIC _ SOLID _ L10UID I ] CORROSIVE _ REACTIVITY r OTHER HANDLE WITHI CARE! CONTAINS HAZARDOUS OR TOXIC WASTES srna WMCAII •.wr w Wft""TEA P..a MOW."6.M66"M CD. C-CAM.a AM FIGURE 2-2 EXAMPLE HAZARDOUS WASTE LABEL 12 on a label of contrasting color to the drum.All labels soil,the affected soil would be considered a hazard- should be clearly visible(facing outward in plain view). ous waste and must be managed as a hazardous waste The area should be paved and constructed to prevent once it has been excavated.If you plan to dispose of spills or leaks from leaving the area.Wastes that ace not a parially used or full container of a hazardous mate- compatible should be separated, and spills and leaks rial,the material should be disposed of as a hazardous should be prevented from mixing.The area should be waste. clearly posted as containing hazardous wastes.Workers in this area should have access to an alarm system or Along with the criteria listed in Section 2.1 and above, communication device in the event of an accident. some wastes can be considered hazardous due to the Workers handling hazardous wastes should have com- way the waste behaves under normal conditions.It is not pleted training courses in the proper handling and necessary that these wastes contain one of the compo- management of hazardous waste. Waste specific fere nents of Table B-1 or be described by Table B-2.Wastes extinguishers should be located nearby. are considered hazardous when they: If hazardous wastes are stored at your facility for more • Catch fire easily under normal conditions (Ignit- than 90 days,your facility will be considered a regular able). Wastes can be considered hazardous due to treatment,storage,or disposal facility(TSDF).ATSDF their ability to cause a fire. must obtain additional permits and comply with ex- tremely strict state and federal regulations.Therefore,it • Cause damage to human skin (Corrosive). Some is important that hazardous wastes are not stored at your wastes, especially acids and caustics, may cause facility for more than 90 days. damage to human tissue when they come into contact with it. 2.3.3 Hazardous Waste Determination • React violently, causing fires or explosions, when According to federal regulations, many wastes are exposed to air, water, or heat (Reactive). For ex- considered hazardous due to the mixing of a hazardous ample.compressed gas cylinders or empty aerosol waste with a nonhazardous waste.For example: containers may explode if the temperature is high enough or if they are punctured. • If you used an absorbent material(such as sawdust, oilsorb,or kitty litter)to contain or clean up spills of • Are considered toxic to humans(Toxic).The federal a hazardous material,that absorbent is considered a regulations contain a list of compounds,mostly met- hazardous waste and is subject to all the requirements als and organic chemicals, that if present in your of a hazardous waste. waste above specified levels,could make your waste a hazardous waste.A lot of paints may cont2in metals • If you apply a solvent or degreaser with a rag,Q-tip, such as chromium, lead,or mercury that are above or wipe, the used rags, Q-tips, and wipes may be these levels. The paints would then be considered considered hazardous waste. hazardous waste. • If you rinse out a container that previously held a All wastes determined to be hazardous under the fed- hazardous material,the water used to rinse the con- eral regulations are assigned aFederal HazardousWaste tainer is considered a hazardous waste. Code. These codes are then entered on the manifest when the waste is transported offsite. • If you store a hazardous material or waste in an underground or above ground tank,the sludge at the 2.3.4 Transporting a Hazardous Waste Offsite bottom of the tank must be managed as a hazardous waste once it is removed from the tank. Whenever you transport a hazardous waste offsite you are required to complete a hazardous waste manifest. • If you use a degreaser at your facility and the solvent The manifest is a one-page multiple carbon form.An used is a hazardous material,when you clean out the example is shown in Figure 2-3.The State of California tank, the sludge would be considered a hazardous specifies the manifest form that should be used.You waste. must make sure that the transporter has a USEPA Identification Number before offering your waste for • If you spill a hazardous material that reaches unpaved transport.Preparation of the manifest is your responsi- 13 Soo instructions on Back of Page 6 "'""'"p1#"r""•r"w10 1 Seco w Gorl v Como Mo. moom Mt—��""I t To■.¢Orer/rrr.fermt.O.�r. Farre Asoro.rr{�Ma.a{Mo••pmr and Front of Papa � Srwrr"w1oo.I;ar■w11r Pr..r ww w pro- 'Party wr■olrw for we ow Toro 112 fl0rarrari UNIFORM HAZARDOUS 1' Cow w1Or r US EPA D 1.o. 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FIGURE 2-3 EXAMPLE HAZARDOUS WASTE MANIFEST 14 bility and it must be signed by a person at your facility. 2.4 Summary of California Hazardous You must designate at least one disposal facility(land- fill, recycler, incinerator, etc.) on the manifest. This Waste Regulations disposal facility must also have a llSEPA Identification The California hazardous waste regulations are found Number. Assure that enough copies of the manifest are in the California Code of Regulations(CCR),Title 22, prepared(six if the waste is going to a disposal/necy- Division 4.5 and the California hazardous waste stat- cling site in California)and that the final disposition of utes are found in the California Health and Safety Code the waste has occurred m planned. Copies of the manifest should be retained by your facility for a mini- (H&SC), Division 20, Chapter 6.5. The state regula- mum of 3 years.It recommended to retain copies of the tions are often more complex than the federal regula- manifests for much longer periods of time,since it is tions.This section briefly summarizes some of the basic your only record of hazardous waste-disposal-." aspects of hazardous waste management as they differ from the federal regulations. This section is not in- Before transporting containers offsite,they need to be tended to be.a substitute for the state regulations.The properly labelled and marked.Labelling includes fixing following applies to facilities that storebazardous wastes the appropriate Department of Transportation (DOT) for less than 90 days. label(s)(i.e.,Flammable,Corrosive)to each container. Marking usually involves fixing abright yellow hazard- In general,the federal regulations have been incorpo- ous waste label to each container.This hazardous waste rated into the state regulations.Many aspects of the state label needs to include the following information: regulations are more strict than the federal.This section highlights the additional state requirements for the • The following words: items discussed in Section 13 above. HAZARDOUS WASTE - Federal Law Prohibits You can purchase a copy of the California Hazardous Improper Disposal.If found,contact the nearest po- Waste Regulations by contacting: lice or public safety authority or the U.S.Environ- mental Protection Agency. Barclays Law Publishers • Your facility name,address,and the manifest docu- 400 Oyster Point BoulevardPost Office Box 3066 mens number South San Francisco,CA 94080 The label shown in Figure 2-2 can also be used to fulfill (415844-6611) these requirements. 2.4.1 Accumulating Hazardous Wastes The state requires You to obtain a USEPA Identification Many times,marking(using the hazardous waste label) Number if you generate any hazardous waste.The state and the labelling requirements for storing hazardous also allows you to accumulate up to 55 gallons of wastes are both satisfied by the bright yellow label fixed hazardous waste,or one quart of extremely hazardous to the drum as it enters the hazardous waste storage area. waste, near the point of generation as long as the However, you still need the appropriate hazard class accumulation is done under the supervision of the label(s)(i.e.,Flammable.Corrosive)in addition to the operator of the process that generates the waste.The bright yellow label. Example hazard class labels are state adds one additional limitation to the accumulation shown in Figures 2-4(a)and 2-4(b). of hazardous or extremely hazardous wastes.You may only take up to one Year to accumulate the 55 gallons of Before allowing the registered transporter to remove hazardous waste or one quart of extremely hazardous hazardous wastes from your facility,you need to assure waste. The federal regulations do not specify a time that :he proper placards are present on the vehicle. limit for accumulation.Once you have accumulated 55 Placards are diamond-shaped signs fixed to the outside gallons or the one-year time limitation is reached,the of the transporter's truck instead of the containers. waste must be transported to a designated hazardoijs Placarding(i.e.,Flammable Liquid,Corrosive,etc.)is waste storage area. your responsibility. You need to supply the proper placards to the transporter if he is not displaying them. The container(s) used to accumulate wastes must be Example placards are shown in Figures 2-5(a)and 2-5(b). labelled"Hazardous Waste"or with others words that identify the contents of the accumulation container and 15 co J W m J N � N t V xo � � c� OT � c @ m =6 C m TL m m s IA i s C a 0 00 19 «N 0-S E� mg our eo � N m lgy o d mY c� m o � IT, � mol. E `m tau ,., •- ro , s.�, to O as amuCL z $ c� '"i4 4K W m 4c C C ° m g: V Vs t 'ar 3 c Lid = gm o c^ to� 0 0 (D mc a �j j r Q U. cc Z s m u E a dlCC ' gym is (C m— N /O Q E Z O a 04 Y c I�oy s 16 o p to. Ip m m 5 _ O5C JG � es'" 461 C2 o o :o EU o` E m� 9 § 3c -' xr, � � ' Vii^ \ Ii 4 �. • O 16 v� ut � oyc ne c oae'voEc ,Cm u C:� � ' --> v aac.:? oa u4c's- - w Nit �... � j co a°,.ceovaNL� C Q > Q E- `N Py ` V .a Z 2 N_ Q` > UQ4)CoiamTOZT ��;Nn, = , SmccmmyN LrF� Y v C� C G Q� y C5 C 2 3 e E y (9 a y Q E ? a= � c� mm c VV.. \ Z UCyH� Oi2 � Cgdp Q •• f s bo c u � c m w m o Q mCL _y \\� _m_ LANm _._ _mC m 02 y 2 E O 4' C P4 CL M+ F O=ff fd W cl m ccoto�? c to c.0 m 10 U f tj+' ifi if p. E �° m=' N f n N�•ro.C+ tpomCO C u tU Q.(n C m,9-cm l9 of cu �+ C Or V CMZ yCA (� W Al Z' n n y N N O CL U y Q " Cc U9 EU CL CL L C 41 J m ui C �. 'O O < ev a N m N to^ d _ m cxmz 17 a6 NO W � v AA c It cmm � d z . Q Z d HI u / NS M• 100 iuogg mo " E �/ Q ¢% OE � • @ ' E E �Ena� �, � og_ Z O Gi m e x y �S ae MN � o� , 9Oa�= O M- ¢ ism LLu j eam p gN 'W t '£ m C t.�NA /R W_ In`yc{ SRS \Iy/ cc jz a Q<Doe t •ii :y=A"°-/9m� C4 •� MgQ m"T! Y T Ems' j S N O N e7 ul 62, lws CL LL. cm v8 7C- •am tiwa+ m u `8QY O f�f nlS V4 accp UA �O. •�r. _ A Hca c .. tus •��' y at R 'i5-� g_N M c mHit d a TA.. a$N a N a1 a ze o h N Tj cm Ostia 04 W•, m> �Q�EN • • 0 � is Na a � a � da y � A � �� � u 'Ta•a �'� cr ro °o. 4a" E" o -aua . 6 a�a I Ott l Asa . Ul r � m a i s Ox dil¢� �°�cb �Sfbw 7n. CZm N u+ p > to 16 -45 Ss v 16q��g `q $ V".3 o"' 6 9$a :► as a o ? olie AIL SEB �`� • � a - 0 19 the date in which accumulation began.You can accu- • Chemical toilet waste mulate as many different types of wastes in as many containers as you wish,but once 55 gallons have been • Empty containers with hazardous residues accumulated or the one-year time limit is reached,all waste must be moved to the hazardous container storage • Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) area within 3 days. • oily rags 2.4.2 Hazardous Waste Storage • Used oil The state also allows you to store hazardous waste in the onsite hazardous waste storage area for up to 90 days. All wastes considered hazardous according to the State The requirements listed in Section 2.3 for the Federal- of California regulations are assigned a California Haz- Hazardous Waste Regulations are similar to the state anious Waste Code.A waste may have a federal and a regulations. However, state regulations require that shite hazardous waste code or it may only have a state storage areas be clearly posted in both English and code.State codes are also entered on the manifest,when Spanish. a waste is transported offsite. California Hazardous Waste Codes are given in Table C-1(see Appendix Q. 2.4.3 Hazardous Waste Determination 2.4.4 Transporting a Hazardous Waste Offsite All wastes considered to be hazardous underthe federal regulations are also considered hazardous under the Whenever you transport a hazardous waste offsite you state regulations.The state,however,considers many am required to complete a hazardous waste manifest. more chemicals and categories of wastes to be hazard- California has its own hazardous waste manifest form ous.Table B-1 and Table B-2 are based on the State of which you are required to use for wastes transported California requirements. within California. Copies of the California Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest are available from the De- All of the information listed in Section 2.3 for hazard- partment of Toxic Substances Control.Figure 2-3 is an ous waste determination also applies to the State of example California Uniform Hazardous Waste Mani- California regulations.Wastes that the state considers fest. For wastes transported to other states, you may hazardous, but the federal government does not, in- need to complete one of their manifests.You need to clude: contact other states where you transport hazardous wastes to determine their requirements. • Asbestos All the information listed in Section 2.3 for transporting • Ashes (many wastes form toxic or corrosive com- a hazardous waste offsite also applies to the State of pounds during combustion) California regulations. 20 Chapter 3 CITIES AND WASTE REDUCTION Citiesand -WasteReduction Chapter 3 3.1 Description of Typical City 3.2 Typical Wastes Generated by Operations and Organizational Cities Structure The following is a listing of typical wastes generated by This manual was prepared for use by cities based on a typical cities departments which may be hazardous: typical city organizational structure.Information used Aerosol Cans in the preparation of this manual was derived from Asbestos sources at a typical city of approximately 250,000 Contaminated Soil residents having the following organizational structure: Empty Solvent Containers • Convention center Empty Pesticide Containers Empty Freon Containers • Electric utility facilities Excess SolventFlorescent Light Fixtures • Facilities/street maintenance Hydraulic Fluid Lab Packs • Fire department Lead Dust Oil Containing Absorbent • Fleet maintenance Oil Sludge Oil Containing Sawdust • Golf courses Oil Contaminated Water Oil Filters • Parks and recreation Oily Rags Paint Cans • Police department Paint Filters PCB Sampling Debris • Reprographics Solvent Laden Wipes Solvent Laden Rags • Sewage treatment plant Waste Sulfuric Acid Waste Ferric Chloride • Stadium Waste Dyes Waste Tires • Water utility facilities Waste Diesel Fuel Waste Motor Oil Some significant characteristics of the typical city Waste Antifreeze include: Waste Paint Thinner Waste Paint • Most departments operate independently. Waste Solvents Waste Batteries • Material purchasing, ordering, and waste disposal Waste Lubricant Waste Refrigerant may not be centrally controlled but performed by Waste Brake Cleaner each department separately. Waste Carburetor Cleaner • Many departments generate similar wastes. Waste Lacquer • The management of hazardous waste may not be This is not a complete listing of wastes generated by consistent from department to department. cities but rather a sample of the types of wastes typically generated. This list is meant to familiarize you with types of waste that may be considered hazardous waste as applicable to a city. 21 Chapter 4 HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION PROGRAM OVERVIEW Hazardous Wasic-Re-duction, Chapter 4 - , . rain -Ot*,erviejv 4.1 Why Should You Reduce Your • Any action which causes a net reduction in the gen- Hazardous Waste? eration of hazardous waste. • Any action taken before the hazardous waste is gen- There are many benefits to reducing the amount of erated that results in a lessening of the properties hazardous waste you generate. Some of the benefits which cause it to be classified as a hazardous waste. include: "Source reduction"includes,but is not limited to,all of • Saving money.The cost of disposing of hazardous the following: wastes continues to rise.Less waste to dispose of will free money for other operations within your depart- "Input change"which means a change in raw materi- ment.Reducing the amount of material you use will � or feedstocks used in a production process or operation so as to reduce, avoid, or eliminate the decrease the cost of purchasing hazardous materials, personnel training,and protective equipment. generation of hazardous waste. • Improving worker safety.Decreasing the amount • "Operational improvement"which means improved of hazardous waste means your workers do not have site management so as to reduce.avoid,or eliminate to handle as much waste.This decreases the chances the generation of hazardous waste. of an exposure which could lead to sick days or worker's compensation. "Production process change"which means a change in a process,method,or technique which is used to • Decreasing liability.Less waste means less paper- produce a product or desired result, including the work to prepare,submit,or retain.You also decrease return of matcrials or their components. for reuse your chances of being fined for incorrect labelling or within the existing processcs or operations,so as to storing of hazardous wastes and the long-term liabili- reduce,avoid,or eliminate the generation of hazard- ties associated with the cleanup of past hazardous ous waste. waste disposal sites. "Product reformulation" which means changes in • Improving the environment.Producing less waste design,composition,or specifications of end prod- decreases the chances of an accidental release to the ucts,including product substitution,so as to reduce, environment or the incorrect disposal of the hazard- avoid,or eliminate the generation of hazardous waste. ous waste.It also provides an example to the commu- "Source reduction"does not include any of the following: nity of your commitment to protect the environment To quote the California EPA,Department of Toxic • Actions taken after a hazardous waste is generated. Substances Control: "...the Department strongly recommends that you take this opportunity to pre- • Actions that merely concentrate the constituents of a pare a source reduction plan for your city and make hazardous waste to reduce its volume or that dilute the yourself an exemplar for industry to model.Also, waste to reduce its hazardous characteristics as you probably know,source reduction measures usually prove cost effective with large savings • Actions that merely shift hazardous wastes from one incurred through simple good housekeeping ef- environmental medium to another environmental forts." medium. 4.2 Defining Hazardous Waste Reduction • Treatment. The best way to evaluate the applicability of source A hazardous waste reduction program consists of two reduction methods is to first determine what hazardous elements:source reduction and hazardous waste mini- wastes you generate and the process which generates mization. them.For each process and hazardous waste generated, you need to ask yourself: Source reduction means one of the following: • Can I eliminate this process without affecting the operation of this department? 23 • Can I substitute a nonhazardous material for the • Can the waste be sent offsite for reclamation? hazardous material currently being used in the pro- cess? • Can I return unused materials to the manufacturer? • Can I substitute a less hazardous material for the • Can I substitute a recyclable material for the hazardous material currently being used in the pro- norrecyclable material currently used? cess? • Can the waste be reused in the same process without 4.3 Overview of Legislation on Waste affecting the quality of the process? Can we recycle Reduction this waste onsite and reuse it in the same process? Currently,waste reduction legislation exists in various • Can the process be changed to be made more efficient forms at both the state and federal level.As it becomes in its use of the hazardous material? more expensive to comply with regulations covering aur,water.and land disposal of hazardous wastes,waste • Can I order only the quantity of material I need to reduction is becoming an attractive alternative.In fact, perform this process? some of the recent amendments to these regulations Hazardous waste minimization refers to any method specify source reduction or pollution prevention as the used to reduce the amount of hazardous wastes that treed fust option. to be disposed (see Figure 4-1). Therefore, source Both federal and state legislation require the waste reduction is considered a part of waste minimization. generator to certify(by signing)on the manifest that the Source reduction is the preferred method because it generating facility has a waste reduction program in avoids the generation of hazardous wastes. place.In other words,when you sign the manifest,you are certifying that you have a waste reduction program Another popular hazardous waste minimization tech- at your facility.However,the existing legislation does nique,as shown in Figure 4-1,is recycling.Recycling not define specific goals or programs. therefore, the can be performed onsite or offsite.In general,recycling type of waste reduction program is up to you.Also,at includes: both the state and federal level, each large quantity generator has to submit a report to the California EPA, • Using the waste stream from one process as an input Department of Toxic Substances Control,at least every stream for another process 2 years, This report should discuss the generator's • Recirculating the waste stream from a process to accomplishments in changing the volume and toxicity supplement its input stream of hazardous waste during the reporting period. This report is typically prepared as part of the biennial report • Reclaiming a spent material for reuse in the same required by large quantity generators. process or a different process The State of California has gone a step further than the federal government by approving Senate Bill 14 (SB Othermethods of hazardous waste minimization would 14),which requires that generators prepare waste re- includetreatingthe hazardous waste after it is generated duction plans.These plans must evaluate a generator's diorder to minimize the amount that needs to be waste streams for source reduction options according to p°S� sett criteria.The requirements of SB 14 are discussed in For each hazardous waste generated that does not have more detail in Section 4.4 and Chapter 11. a possible source reduction method, you need to ask 4.4 Senate Bill 14 Requirements yourself: • Can the waste be used as an input material at another The State of California has approved SB 14, which department? enacts the Hazardous Waste Source Reduction and IvlanagementReview Act of 1989.The objectives of SB • Can the waste be sent to an outside recycler? 14 are to reduce the overall generation of hazardous wastes, reduce the release of chemicals into the 24 W d Z W r Z + f� O Z C+oc c .y r 1 � _1 i► OO Q u+a F'� t,a OU '�' -80 CY Uo t rj W t1J O iU- W O E 6`Y►W; Q r ttCO cn Z � ISS tt W a �: moo- Z U j 5OUl cc l ® o • Ir- N Z u N Q d N a0 �i�r � {�� •C C o�. No 044 l r 0 d w ON Ul ZZ �W G� environment,and to document hazardous waste man- able source reduction methods. The generator must agement information. look for source reduction method If no viable source reduction method can be identified,the generator need Some of the key features of SB 14 include: to docmented it. However,the generator may choose to consider other waste minimization methods (i.e., • SB 14 applies to facilities that generate 12,000 or recycling). more kilograms(26,400 pounds)of hazardous waste or 12 kilograms(26.4 pounds)or more of extremely The Report should describe current hazardous waste hazardous waste per year. Thresholds apply to management practices during the last entire calendar nonexempted hazardous wastes, year and how these practices have changed since the selected baseline year.Initially,the baseline year should • Generators are required to prepare both s•Soune-• be:a full calendar year prior to 1991 in which substantial Reduction Evaluation Review and Plan(Plan),and waste generation and onsite and offsite hazardous waste Plan Summary on or before September 1. 1991,and management data are available.Specifically,theReport every 4 years thereafter. should include: quantities of wastes managed for the ccarent year and baseline year,a description of current • The generator must certify that the plan will be lutzardous waste management practices;an assessment implemented. of each management practice implemented since the baseline year and its affect on the quantity of hazardous • Generators are required to prepare both a Hazardous waste generated, a description of source reduction, Waste Management Performance Report (Report) recycling, 'and treatment methods previously imple- and Report Summary on or before September 1,1991, mented;a description of factors affecting the manage- and every 4 years thereafter, ment of hazardous wastes since the baseline year.and ant assessment of the net effect in reducing the volume • A copy of the Plan. Plan Summary, Report, and of wastes for land disposal. Report Summary must be available for public review and submission to the California EPA,if required 4.5 Approach to Hazardous Waste The Plan must include an estimate of the total quantity Reduction of hazardous waste generated at the facility. For the waste streams that account for more than 5 percent of Figure 4-2 illustrates the generalized approach you can the total quantity of hazardous waste(waste streams are take in developing determined by California Hazardous Waste Codes),the P 8 your hazardous waste reduction program.Appendix D describes the program developed generator must list and evaluate applicable and avail- for the City of Anaheim. 26 o � ��� C ■� © » ■ E ■ ■2 2 » ■� ®s » � § LU § �-■ �2� §lae e oda §= I.- 0. aH0t ) kt � �k k �Ek2 ��� ��k 3 E U)2 ���� m m QLU 0Z 02 ■ © 0 - � � cc §� d �� . z � a � > s � LUk X03 ■£ zLl\ $ o ■ § r 0� D Q # ® ® © ■ c z © e $ $� N� k � k =� © �o � �2 � sem § A..9 idk V r . Q 22 o � ® o = § � C) ��■ @ L � c r- � a�■va ego z 2■ z �� z a o ■ ■ mac � ■ o a 0 ■� o �2�k$ �� 0c Q p M« Lu L / 0 \ CO) CM . ■a � § � © � -Eo Z ®�= E z w CD 0 co 0 cu. k a o B � a 3 U) © CD ® E° e 2I - ■ C,■ i ■ to a- in ® wi CL IE �7 z ov Z� � s 2 ! CM 0 ■ oZ 0 £� 0 - �� 0 § Z ■ E w o a> I-- © ■ w 2/ o §§ §F 2§ o A s CO) 2 0 U U § § » 27 Chapter 5 Step 64FDEVELOPING YOUR HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION PROGRAM Develqping Yoous Chapter 5 Waste frograin , Step Q� GOP Now that you are aware of the importance of a waste 5.2 Department and Employee reduction program, you need to establish your own Involvement interdepartmental hazardous waste reduction program specific to the individual needs of your city. A hazardous waste reduction program requires partici- 5.1 Management Commitment pation from all levels of your city organization. It is important to include both the employees who manage operations and employees who perform processes and A starting block and an essential element for a success- operations in the development of the program.If,during ful hazardous waste reduction program is a strong the planning process,the individual needs and problems commitment from management.In order to gain man- of each department can be considered prior to the agement support you may have to do some"marketing" implementation of the program,each department will and explain the benefits of yourprogram.Here are some be more receptive to implementing changes that need to recommendations: take place in theiroperations.In fact,you will be relying on each department's employees to recommend hazard- • A hazardous waste reduction program can minimize ous wastereduction strategies.soit is important thatyou employee exposure to hazardous materials, reduce involve them in the development stage. offsite disposal costs,and decrease long-tens finan- cialliability. 5.2.1 Recognition • A hazardous waste reduction program can be an Recognition is an excellent motivational tool to get excellent way to encourage employees to become employees involved in a program.Here are some sug- involved in the improvement of city operations. gestions: • A proactive program such as this can foster positive . Openly honor employees at staff meetings or at the public relations with the community. job site who make successful hazardous waste reduc- Once you have commitment from the top-level, you tion suggestions before their fellow employees. need management to communicate theircommitment to . Recognize these employees in yourpress releases and city employees.Here are some ways: newsletters. • Allocation of resources,personnel,or dollars to the .Start a Hazardous Waste Reduction Employee of the administration of the program Month program and post their picture and name at the • Article(s)in the city or department newsletters sup- entrance to city hall or their department. porting the program 5.2.2 Employee Incentive Programs • Attendance by top-level management at program An employee incentive program is a good mechanism planning meetings to start your employees thinking about waste reduction within their area of expertise and also to involve many • Site visits by top-level management to facilities that people in the program from the start Here are some perform industrial operations to discuss processes ideas: and possible strategies It is essential that the management commitment is - Monetary reward or compensatory time-off for suc- reinforced regularly,otherwise,the program could lose cessful implementation of a hazardous waste reduc- its momentum and not achieve the results you antici- tion technique pated.To ensure continued support,keep management . Monetary reward for best hazardous waste reduction informed of program status and any problems you may suggestion of the month be experiencing. 29 • Prizes for the best hazardous waste reduction sugges- newsletters to disseminate information to employees. tion(You may be able to get prizes donated by your You may be able to utilize an existing newsletter, community businesses) perhaps develop an "Environmental Cotner": which could include information on your program as well as • Monthly achievement awards,signed and presented providing household recycling and environmental pro- by the mayor or city manager,for the most successful tection tips;or start a newsletter of your own to advertise hazardous waste reduction technique your program and keep employees up to date on the progress.A newsletter can be used a number of ways, 5.2.3.Department Incentive Programs for example: On a larger scale,you may find it beneficial to.set up a_ Request employee suggestions for hazardous waste department incentive program.Here are some ideas to reduction strategies within their area of expertise. encourage positive competition between departments: You can print names of employees who contribute to the program, their ideas, and describe how their • A party,lunch,or dinner provided for the department suggestion has helped achieve waste reduction. with the highest hazardous waste reduction over a 6- month period Use the newsletters to disseminate information on upcoming meetings and incentives available for haz- • A trophy or plaque for the department with the ardous waste reduction suggestions. highest hazardous waste reduction for the month • Disseminate information through a newsletter to • Special Achievement Award for the department with employees concerning proven hazardous waste re- the most successful hazardous waste reduction pro- duction techniques.Your program can only be suc- !?ram cessful if employees are aware of what to do and what their responsibilities are to make hazardous waste 5.3 Communication reduction successful. 5.32 Your Community Letting people know about your hazardous waste re- duction efforts is a vital part of your hazardous waste Environmental awareness throughout the county is reduction program.Your objective is to inform both city higher than ever before.Establishing a program in your employees and your community that you are imple- city to reduce the amount of waste you generate not only menting a program that benefits both the city and the benefits you,but also provides your community with a environment. positive image of your city and provides local busi- nesses with an incentive to start a program of their own. 53.1 Employees Keep in mind that many large and small businesses in your city can benefit from the experience and knowl- Management.As discussed in Section 5.1.it is impor• edge you gain from implementing your hazardous waste tant to communicate with management and keep them reduction program. Let your community know what informed of the progress-of your program to get their you are doing, how you plan to proceed with your continued support.Therefore,you may want to develop program,what results you expect,and where they can a quarterly progress report which could outline the obtain additional information. following: Nothing can generate support and keep a program • Summary of program status moving forward like positive publicity.Here are a few ways to get publicity flowing: • Achievements during the last quarter • Local newspapers (see Figure 5-1 for an example • Problems encountered and possible solutions press release) • Activities planned for next quarter • Local cable TV stations Employees. Many cities and/or departments publish • Flyers(printed on recycled paper) 30 (...) will examine ways to reduce waste Over the next year, (...) will study how to reduce the amount of hazardous waste produced in (...) and will publish the findings. City staff will identify types of waste generated in the city-- waste oil, cleaners, solvents, paints, and other substances-- then will study ways of reducing the waste by recycling or switching to products that generate less hazardous waste. Reducing the wastes will cut pollution and save the city money in disposal costs and long-term liability, said city General Manager Your City's Name FIGURE 5-1 EXAMPLE PRESS RELEASE 31 • Periodically distributing the progress of your pro- 5.5 Procedures for Getting Started gram to local politicians and businesses • Presentations at city council meetings or other com- There are several items you should keep in mind when munity meetings. These gatherings will provide a beginning your hazardous waste reduction program: forum to share your waste reduction techniques to your community and allow for comments and sug- . You need to get approval and a firm commitment for gestions financial assistance from your upper management as discussed in Section 5.1. Remember to always stress the positive aspects of your program and the benefits it will provide for the entire . You need to inform your department of the commit- city.Invite business members and residents of your city ment from upper management for a successful pro- to participate.Just as your knowledge and experience gam. Everyone should know that this project is a can benefit their business,they may also have sugges- priority and that upper management is behind you and tions to help you with your program. needs your support in finding solutions. 5.4 Objectives of Your Program • You need to set up a communication program to let everyone in the department know what the program is The objectives of your hazardous waste reduction pro- all about.Everyone should be invited to participate.ramThe most successful program will allow input from as tl � many people involved in your hazardous waste pro- ducing processes as possible.This includes the work- ers Identify all hazardous wastes generated at your facil- as well as the technical personnel. ity. • Determine which processes contribute the greatest You will need to conduct an assessment of your amount of hazardous wastes at your facility. department to determine what processes and waste streams are present in your department as early in the • Evaluate as many of your processes as possible for planning stages as possible.You will need to gather applicable source reduction or waste minimization as much process information as possible during this assessment and also determine what department per- alternatives starting with the process generating the sonnel will be helpful for future tasks. most waste and continuing the evaluation of pro- cesses in descending order according to the amount of You will need to prepare a schedule of activities to be hazardous waste they produce. distributed throughout your department. It may be beneficial to assign responsibilities to specific tasks • Determine which source reduction or waste minimi- with specific due dates. zation alternative is mostappropriate foreach process !RAW evaluated. • Implement the selected source reduction or waste .� minimization alternative. mom 32 Chapter 6 Step © FACILITY AND PROCESS ASSESSMENTS Facility and i Chapter 6 Assessments Step GOP This chapter will help you perform the assessment of • The types of materials used and the processes in your department to determine what types of hazardous which the materials are used materials you use and what processes are generating your hazardous wastes. This chapter is organized as • The types of wastes generated from use of these follows: materials. • Section 6.1 Objective of Conducting Assessments. • The processes or operations that generate waste and Why you need to perform an assessment. the types and quantities of waste they generate. • Section 62 Preparing for the Assessment.How you • How wastes are handled,stored,and disposed. perform the assessment and what information you need to gather. • How materials are ordered,distributed,and invento- ried. • Section 6.3 Waste Reduction Numbers(WRN)and Setting Up a Data Base of Waste Streams.How you • Whether certain nonhazardous wastes are being can organize the information you gather during the handled as hazardous wastes. assessment to help determine appropriate hazardous waste reduction techniques. • Whether certain hazardous wastes are being handled as nonhazardous wastes. • Section 6.4 General Assessments by Department. What to look for if your department is: • Spill cleanup equipment and procedures. -Convention center • General assessment of housekeeping procedures. -Electric utility facilities . Whether materials are present that are not currently -Facilities/street maintenance being used. -Fire department -Golf course • Whether existing waste minimization measures are being implemented by some employees. -Parks and recreation -Police department 6.2 Preparing for the Assessment -Reprographics -Sewage treatment plant There are several things you can do to prepare for and -Stadium perform a successful assessment of your facility: -Water utility facilities • Set up interviews with employees knowledgeable about the materials and processes used within your 6.1 Objective of Conducting department who can provide the data you need. Assessments • Prepare a standardized questionaire you can use or distribute to employees to maintain consistency in the The purpose of the assessment is to gather the back- information you gather,both in content and format.A ground information you will need to determine appro- sample questionaire is provided in Appendix E. priate hazardous waste reduction techniques for your department. In order to evaluate waste reduction • Survey the facility and note all materials you see and alternatives, you need to know the following for their location. your department: • Note how yourdepartment handles hazardous wastes. 33 • Note the appearance of the workplace and areas You can assign WRNs to each waste stream to help where hazardous wastes are generated and stored. tuck individual waste streams through this process.If your city will track waste reduction progress by means -Are hazardous wastes properly labelled in of a data base,your number should also identify your accumulation and storage areas? (See Section department.For example: 2.4.) EU-001-PW -Are employees taking proper precautions when handling hazardous wastes? could stand for. -Do employees who handle hazardous wastes have EU=Electric Utilities Department(Department adequate training? (See your Safety Manager.) locator) 001=Waste Stream Number 1 -Are hazardous waste storage areas properly PW=Paint Waste(waste type) labelled and constructed? Tables 6-2 and 6.3 show additional department locator • Question employees on handling, storage,and dis- and waste type examples. posal procedures for hazardous wastes. -Are hazardous wastes being mishandled as 6.4 General Assessments by nonhazardous waste? Do you generate a hazard- Department ous waste and there is no documentation of its disposal? This section is organized by department to provide • Check to see if chemicals with expired shelf lives are assistance on what to look for and what types of infor- being stored within the facility. mation may be available during your assessment of the department.This section is based on previous assess- • Review all the records concerning hazardous materi- ments performed at various municipal departments and als and hazardous wastes: should be used as a guideline for your assessment.You should add and delete information,as appropriate,dur- -Are MSDSs available for all chemicals used? irng your actual assessment. The materials you list in Table 6-1 should be specific and not generic categories -Are hazardous waste manifests available for at as listed below in some cases. least the past 3 years? 6.4.1 Electric Utilities Department -Do you have a USEPA Identification Number and A, typical electric utilities department might perform is it used correctly on hazardous waste documen- tation? Are you using the right number9 the following operations: -Do the transporters and disposal facilities you use • Repair and maintenance of transformers for your hazardous wastes have their own USEPA Identification Numbers? • Repair and maintenance of substations Table 6-4 illustrates typical processes performed at an 6.3 Waste Reduction Numbers and electrical utilities department,applicable materials used Setting Up a Data Base of Waste in each process.and potential wastes generated. Streams 6.4.2 Water Utilities Department After you complete your assessment you need to orga- A,typical water utilities department might perform the nize the information collected in a useful format to start following operations: evaluating waste reduction alternatives.Table 6-1 has been prepared to assist you in this organization. • Repair and maintenance of water meters 34 vo VIA SO 35 Table 6-2 Department Locators Department Name Locator Electric Utilities EU Water Utilities WU Fleet Maintenance FM Parks and Recreation PR Convention Center CC Stadium ST Reprographics RG Fire Department FD Police Department PD Golf Course GC Sewage Treatment Plant SP Table 6-3 Waste Types* Waste Type Code Waste Type Code Paint Waste PW Oil Filters OF Used Oil UO Paint Filters PF Asbestos AS Absorbent with Oil AO Waste Solvent WS Expired Chemicals XC Oily Rags OR Lab Packs LP Rags with Oil and Solvent RS Diesel Fuel DF Empty Containers EC Inks IK Waste Pesticides WP Trichloroethane TA Solvent Sludge SS Trichloroethylene TE Paint Thinners PT Chlorinated Solvents CS PCBs PB Lead Dust LD *Note: Your waste type codes can be as general or specific as you prefer as illus- trated in the table above. More than one waste stream can have the same waste type code because several processes may generate the same waste type. 36 Table 6-4 Typical Processes Performed at an Electrical Utilities Department Material Process Waste Generated Transformer oil change PCB-contaminated oil Broken glass PCB-contaminated syringes PCB-contaminated gloves Solvent degreaser Transformer cleaning Waste solvents,waste containers,rags Paint thinner Painting trahsformer/substations Waste containers,waste thinners,rags Paints Painting transformers Waste containers Lubricants(aerosol) Lubricating moving parts Aerosol cans Transit pipe dismantling Asbestos waste Rags Cleaning Oily rags,rags with solvents • Repair and maintenance of water pumps at water • Vehicle maintenance and repair production facilities • Vehicle painting Table 6-5 illustrates typical processes performed at a water utilities department,materials used in each pro- Table 6-7 illustrates typical processes performed at a cess,if applicable,and wastes generated. fleet maintenance department,materials used in each process,if applicable,and wastes generated. 6.4.3 Facilities/Street Maintenance 6.45 Parks and Recreation Atypical facilities/street maintenance department might perform the following operations: A typical parks and recreation department might per- form the following operations: • Facility repair and maintenance • Pesticide,herbicide,and fertilizer application • Facility painting • Painting benches and structures • Minor street maintenance • Maintaining trees.vegetation Table 6-6 illustrates typical processes performed at a facilities/stwtmaintenance department,materials used • Steam clean vehicles and equipment in each process,if applicable,and wastes generated. • Provide materials for recreation programs 6.4.4 Fleet Maintenance Table 6-8 illustrates typical processes performed at a A typical fleet maintenance department might perform parks and recreation department,materials used in each the following operations: process,if applicable,and wastes generated. 37 Table 6-5 Typical Processes Performed at a Water Utilities Department Material Process Waste Generated Degreasing solvent Water meter cleaning Rags with solvent Desiccant Drying of water meter parts Empty containers Hand cream Cleaning oily/dirty hands Wastewater/rags Super nonbutyl cleaner Cleaning parts Empty containers,rags Dry moly lubricant Lubricant parts Empty containers,rags Glass cleaner Cleaning Rags Stop rust Parts cleaning Empty aerosol cans,rags Corrosion retardant,part primer Parts maintenance Empty aerosol cans,rags Hydraulic oil Water turbines Waste hydraulic oil,rags Paint thinner Paint water meters Rags Cutting oil Metal cutting machine Asbestos waste Transit pipe removal Asbestos waste Solvent Pump repair Contaminated rags Table 6-6 Typical Processes Performed at a Facilities/ Street Maintenance Department If Material Process Waste Generated Dry silicone Seal parts Empty small containers,rags Ready mix joint compound Empty small containers,rags Electrical parts cleaner Clean parts Waste small containers.rags Silicone Seal parts Waste small containers,rags Freon Air conditioning Waste small containers Refrigerant Air conditioning Waste small aerosol cans Insecticide Applied to manholes Waste small containers Lubricants Parts Waste small empty containers,rags Odor destroyers Applied to manholes Waste small empty containers Drain cleaner Cleaning Empty small containers Spray paints Painting Waste aerosol cans,rags Paint thinner Painting Waste thinner,rags Filters from paint booth Painting Waste filters Lacquer thinner Painting Waste 5-gallon empty containers,rags Paints Painting Empty containers,brushes,rags Silicone lubricants Lubricant ! Waste small aerosol cans,rags Tar foundation compound Tar Repair Waste empty bags Fluorescent light fixtures Changing Fixtures Broken or unbroken light fixtures Contact cleaner Clearing Waste aerosol cans,rags WD-40 Lubricant Waste aerosol cans,rags 38 Table 6-7 Typical Processes Performed at a Fleet Maintenance Department Material Process Waste Generated Antifreeze Radiator flush/topping off Waste antifreeze Lube oil Engine oil Waste oil,rags Oil filters Engine oil change Crushed oil filters Car batteries Dead battery removal Spent batteries Degreaser Cleaning Rags,empty containers Cleaners Cleaning Rags,empty containers Lubricants Lubricate pats Aerosol cans,rags Paints Vehicle painting Paints,5-gallon empty containers,brushes, rags Carburetor cleaner Clean carburetor Empty small cans.rags Sodium hydroxide Floor cleaning Wastewater Nonchlorinated brake parts cleaner Brake parts cleaner Rags Motorcycle oil Oil changes Oily rags Thinners Vehicle painting Waste thinner,rags Soap Steam cleaning Wastewater Fast flush Cooling system Empty small cans Metal cutting oil Metal cutting Metal cuttings,rags Fuel treatment Fuel injector cleaner Empty small cans Starting fluids Carburetor Empty small cans,rags Lube oils Lubricating empty parts Rags 39 Table 6-S Typical Processes Performed at a Parks and Recreation Department Material Process Waste Generated Cleaners Cleaning vehicles,bathrooms Rags,wastewater Solvents Cleaning Rags,empty containers Deodorized kerosene Steam cleaning Wastewater,rags Lubricants Lubricate engine parts, Rags,empty small containers mower parts trimmer parts Brake cleaner Clean brakes Rags,empty small containers Anti-corrosion treatment Parts treatment primer Rags,empty small containers Chlorine Pool treatment Empty containers Gasoline(leaded) Mowers/vehicle fuel Rags Diesel fuel Mowers/vehicle fuel Rags Paint Bench painting Empty 5-gallon containers,brushes,rags Detergent Steam cleaner Wastewater Herbicides Landscape treatment Empty containers Insecticide Landscape treatment Empty containers Fungicides Landscape treatment Empty containers Bathroom disinfectants Bathroom cleanup Rags,empty container PVC pipe thread seal Sprinkler system repair Small empty containers,rags PVC primer Sprinkler system repair Small empty containers,rags Surface disinfectants Cleaning Empty containers Woodwork glue Woodwork Empty containers,rags Paint/thinners Benches/facility painting Empty containers,rags Hydraulic fluid Tree saw Empty containers,rags Bar and drain oil Sterilize tools Empty conwiners,rags Glass cleaner Mirror and window cleaning Empty containers,rags 40 Table 6-9 Typical Processes Performed at a Convention Center Department Material Process Waste Generated Adhesives Graffiti removal Empty containers,rags Graffitti remover Graffiti removal Empty aerosol containers,rags Cleaners General cleaning Empty containers,rags,wastewater Floor cleaners Cleaning floors Oil flow(unused materials) Potassium hydroxide Chiller room Waste containers Pesticides Landscape application Empty containers CFC 113 Refrigeration Waste containers Remodeling Asbestos Acids Bathroom cleaning Empty containers,rags Unknown Abandoned after convention Off specification chemical products 6.4.6 Convention Center Table 6-11 illustrates typical processes performed A typical convention center might perform the follow- at a reprographics department, materials used in ing operations: each process,if applicable,and wastes generated. • Facility repair and painting 6.4.9 Fire Department • Cleaning A typical fire department might perform the following operations: Table 6-9 illustrates typical processes performed at a convention center department, materials used in each • Hazardous material response process,if applicable,and wastes generated. • Fire response 6.4.7 Stadium • Minor facility and equipment maintenance A typical stadium might perform the following operations: Table 6-12 illustrates typical processes performed at a fire department, materials used in each process, if • Facility repair and cleaning applicable,and wastes generated. • Cleaning 6.4.10 Police Department Table 6-10 illustrates typical processes performed at a A typical police department might perform the follow- stadium,materials used in each process,if applicable, ing operations: and wastes generated. • Photography laboratory 6.4.8 Reprographics • Helicopter maintenance and repair A typical reprographics department might perform the following operations: Table 6-13 illustrates typical processes performed at a police department, materials used in each process, if • Printing and reproduction applicable,and wastes generated. 41 Table 6-10 Typical Processes Performed at a Stadium Material Process Waste Generated Ammonia Cleaning Wastewater,empty containers,rags Chlorine Fungus cleaner/disinfectant Wastewater Degreaser Cleaning with rags Rags Chemical window cleaners Indoor window cleaning Rags Vinegar and water Outdoor window cleaning Rags Graffiti remover Sprayed on graffiti Rags Air freshener(indoor) Spray bottle application Rags Hydrochloric acid Bathroom cleaners Wastewater,rags Diesel fuel Vehicle power Spill cleanup,adsorbents,rags Insecticide Grounds maintenance Empty bags Gum remover Remove gum Empty cans(small),rags Disinfectant Cleaning Empty 55-gallon drums,rpgs Laundry detergent Laundering Wastewater,containers Paints Painting structures Empty cans(5-gallon),rags,brushes Thinners Painting structures Empty drums(55-gallon),rags Stucco Stucco Empty bags,rags 42 Table 6-11 Typical Processes Performed at a Reprographics Department Material Process Waste Generated Developer Reproduction process Waste developer Fixer Reproduction process Waste fixer Rubber rejuvenator Reproduction process Empty containers,rags Isopropyl alcohol Presses Empty containers.rags Quickwash Clean rollers Solution,empty containers Typewash Washdown rollers Solution.empty containers,rags Paint Painting Waste paints,empty containers,rags Anti-skin ink spray Reproduction Empty small containers Reducing varnish Reproduction Empty small containers Liquid cobalt drier Reproduction Empty small containers Blanket release coating Reproduction Empty small containers Gloss binding varnish Reproduction Empty small containers Silicone sprays Stop ink from sticking Empty.small containers,rags Cylinder cleaner and desensitizer Reproduction Empty small containers Blanket doctor Reproduction Empty small containers,rags Blanket conditioner Reproduction Empty small containers.rags 43 Table 6-12 Typical Processes Performed at a Fire Department Material Process Waste Generated Safety-Sols Clean driveways Wastewater,brushes Simple Green General Cleaning Rags Paints(petroleum distillates) Stenciling,truck touch-up Off specification paint and empty paint containers.brushes.rags Flares Emergency alert Empty containers Dust control Dust control during fine Empty containers a Bleach Laundering Empty 5-gallon containers,rags Hydroclean General cleaning purposes Empty 5-gallon containers,rags Ansulite Put out fires Empty bags Fogging compound Windshields Empty containers Table 6-13 Typical Processes Performed ata Police Department Material Process Waste Generated Ammunition Shooting Waste lead,lead dust Miscellaneous chemicals Confiscated materials Miscellaneous offspecification or discarded chemicals* Photo developing chemicals Photo processing Waste materials Various chemicals Cooling towers-maintenance Empty containers Freon Air conditioning Empty containers Spray solvents Cleaning Empty containers,rags Mace Police operations Offspecifrcation mace Stoddard solvent Heliport floor cleaning Waste Stoddard solvent,mop *Should be disposed of under County emergency response number 44 6.4.11 Golf Course 6.4.12 Sewage Treatment Plant A typical sewage treatment plant might perform the A typical golf course might perform the following following operations: operations: • Wastewater treatment • Fertilizer,insectide,herbicide and fungicide applica- tion Table 6-15 illustrates typical processes performed at a sewage treatment plant,materials used in each process, • Golf cart/facilities maintenance if applicable,and wastes generated. Table 6-14 illustrates typical processes performed at a golf course, materials used in each process, if appli- cable,and wastes generated. 0 Table 6-14 Typical Processes Performed at a Golf Course Material Process Waste Generated Oil Vehicle maintenance Waste oil,rags Grease Vehicle maintenance Empty containers,rags Herbicides Grounds maintenance Empty containers Fungicides Grounds maintenance Empty containers Insecticides Grounds maintenance Empty containers Hydraulic oil,emulsifier Cleanup fluid leaks and spills on turf Waste containers,waste emulsifier,rags grass Paint Vehicle maintenance and golf markers Empty cans and aerosol containers, brushes,rags Oil Oil spill cleanup Waste absorbent,rags 45 Table 6-15; Typical Processes Performed at a Sewage Treatment Plant Material Process Waste Generated Paint thinner Painting Waste paint thinner,rags Paint Painting Waste intake filters, brushes, empty containers,rags Lab packs Offspecification-Paint Waste lab packs Oil Machinery and vehicle maintenance Oil contaminated water,rags Solvents General cleaning Waste solvents,rags Freon Oil and grease test Waste freon Dye Analytical process-COD test Waste dyes,rags Recycling system Oil sludge Construction and remodeling Asbestos 46 Chapter 7 Step 64FAVAILABLE HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION ALTERNATIVES Available Hazard/ I ' Chapter 7 Reduction Alternatives S tep Gap This chapter will assist you in developing hazardous generates less wastes? This section will provide waste reduction alternatives for hazardous materials advantages and disadvantages you should consider and waste streams identified and information collec ted when evaluating this hazardous waste reduction al- during your assessment. This chapter is orga- temative. Some typical material substitutions are also nized as follows: provided. • Section 7.1 Developing a Method for Evaluating • Section 7.5 Waste Reduction Alternative Number Waste Reduction Alternatives. This section 4 - Onsite Recycling. Does your discusses how you use the information you have department generate a waste in suffi- organized during Chapter 6 to begin your evaluation cient quantity that can be recycled of hazardous waste reduction alternatives including: within your department? This sec- where you can get help in identifying waste reduction tion will provide advantages and dis- methods; what types of hazardous waste reduction advantages for you to consider when alternatives you should consider for each waste stream; evaluating this alternative and some typical onsite and how you can establish a Waste Minimization recycling techniques. Work Group consisting of knowledgeable individu- als who can assist you in your evaluations. Section 7.6 Waste Reduction Alternative Number 5-Offsite Recycling.Does your • Section 7.2 Waste Reduction Alternative Number department generate 1-Housekeeping or Inventory Controls.Can you a hazardous waste minimize the wastes you produce just by that could be sent to changing the way you order materials or o 0 0 0 o an offsite recyclefl handle your wastes? This section will This section will provide some advantages and disad- describe how you can recognize if you vantages for you to consider when evaluating this have a housekeeping problem;what some alternative and some typical offsite recycling tech- of the advantages and disadvantages of niques. considering this hazardous waste reduction altema- tive are; and some examples of housekeeping con- Section 7.7 Waste Reduction Alternative Number trols and inventory controls for you to consider. 6 - Process Elimination. Does your department currently generate a haz- • Section 7.3 Waste Reduction Alternative Number ardous waste from a process that could 2-Substituting a Nonhazardous be eliminated without impacting the Material for a Hazardous Mate- way your department does business? rial.Can you use nonhazardous ma- This section will provide advantages H �0 s terials in place of some of the haz- and disadvantages for you to consider ardous materials you are currently when evaluating this hazardous waste reductional- using? This section will provide ternative.Some examples of process elimination are some advantages and disadvantages also included. for you to consider when evaluating the appropriate- ness of this alternative. Some typical nonhazardous 7.1 Developing a Method for material substitutes are also included. Evaluating Hazardous Waste • Section 7.4 Waste Reduction Alternative Number Reduction Alternatives ,^ 3-Substituting Materials that Re- duce the Volume or Toxicity of NAZ,� the Wastes You Generate. Can 7.1.1 Where to Begin ♦ 'a' you substitute a material you cur- rently use with one that is less Your department may generate awide variety ofwastes hazardous for employees to use or from a wide variety of processes.The evaluation of all 47 of these waste streams is a large task that can appear to Local Businesses.Find out what local businesses are be overwhelming. To begin your evaluation, review doing to reduce their hazardous waste generation. Table 6.2 to determine which processes are generating Many businesses in your area probably perform the the largest amount of hazardous wastes.Choose two or same types of operations as your department.Deter- three of these waste streams for evaluation.Once you mine their successes and failures in hazardous waste have completed these evaluations,you can go back and reduction techniques.Learn from what others have evaluate a few more waste streams.Eventually you will already done. have addressed all of your waste streams. • Local Sanitation District.Since your sanitation ds- For those hazardous materials you use that do not trict is concerned with the types of chemicals that are generate a waste stream(see Table 6-1),Le..when the processed through its treatment plant.it may be able material is completely used up in the process;yon may top tMde you with a listing of materials that are safer want to evaluate the possibility of substituting a for you to use in your processes and easier on its nonhazardousmaterial.Review the lists ofnonhazardous operations. material substitutions(Table 7-1) to determine if any apply. Substituting a nonhazardous material can pro- California Environmental Business vide your department many benefits,even though the Resources Assistance Center(CEBRAC) process or operation does not result in any waste.Some Anaheim Education Center of Fullerton College of these benefits are as follows: 100 S.Anaheim Avenue Anaheim,CA 92805 • Increased worker safety in their use of these materials 8001352-5225 • Less rigid storage requirements. CEBRAC provides advice to California small busi- nesses concerning compliance with state and South • Decreased incidents of mixing of incompatible materials. Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) environmental regulations.The Center is sponsored by • Decreased chance of producing a hazardous waste if California Community Colleges.the state Department the material is not used before its expiration date. of Commerce's Small Business Office and the Small Business Assistance Center of the SCAQMD. 7.12 Resources and Assistance Available • Your Regional Office of the California EPA,De. Whenever you need assistance in your evaluation of partment of Toxic Substances Control.Your Re- one or more of the hazardous waste reduction alterna- gional office of the Department of Toxic Substances five described in Sections 7.2 through 7.7, there are Control is an excellent source of information and several resources available that you should use as often advice for all your environmental concerns. Phone as possible: numbers and areas of jurisdiction are provided in Section 1.1 of this document. • California EPA Department of Toxic Substances Control • Your Local Government Commission.Contact your 400"P"Street local government commission to obtain publications Sacramento,CA 95814 and other information for local governments con- 916/324-1807 or 916/322-2822 ceming waste minimization,such as nontoxic substi- tutions for household chemicals.Your local govern- The DepartrnentofToxicSubstances Control has knowl- ment commission can refer you to applicable,avail- edgeable personnel available to answer questions you able,and current literature. may have about each of the waste reduction alternatives you need to evaluate for each waste stream.They can • Your Local Health Agency. Contact your local provide useful information concerning proven waste health agency to determine what information it can reduction methods. The Department provides waste provide on material substitution or hazardous waste reduction guidance and advice to many types of indus• reduction methods. It may be able to direct you to tries throughout the state of California. This is a re- businesses in your area that have successfully imple- source you should not overlook. mented waste reduction methods that could benefit 48 N r w � So H .► 't N Vi V !: oo •4 d- r. C h t0 O as C- •O �i � c'a N oDi'�. .p L,�. � 3� c"`d � ci t�4 " � u d _ _� cado 17 3 % .�, �0 .G j:: b % Q �O G C oq CL C ° y CL1 go S 0-0 H r+ i b ip .�J < � p O 49 �o N O a � N >' W t� 10 yLl to "a '61U 00 ` A CA eft CZ. LY fs. O Q ,C W �.+ h � t4 Q •r � 0�4 tu"J 0 ao U; E E C y �'� 'X'i 3 •a ` Q' tC�j go CIA 0 x b P G U on M G Q •. V � yy Ep l4 NCA CA6� qyj O Ly 07 .o.+ 2 E a a ti Q o. s a SO your program: • Overall waste reduction potential • Your Safety Manager.When considering the safety • City policies and procedures factors involved in selection of a hazardous waste reduction alternative,consult your safety manager. 7.1.4 Establishing a Waste Minimization Make your safety manager a part of your program. Work Group 7.1.3 Hazardous Waste Reduction Alternatives Set up a work group whose responsibility is to evaluate and Hierarchy for Selection and select hazardous waste reduction methods. The following types of personnel could be involved: The waste reduction alternatives you need to consider for each of the two or three waste streams you have . Upper management,a person who can determine identified for evaluation are: the administrative implications of waste reduction methods and also assure that you get the upper level • Housekeeping or inventory controls support and financial resources you need to carry out the program. • Substituting a nonhazardous material for a hazardous material Workers from your department,people who know the processes and operations and can help you deter- • Substituting a material that reduces the volume or mine the feasibility of implementing waste reduction toxicity of the wastes your department generates methods. • Onsite recycling Purchasing representative,a person who can ad- vise you and help in obtaining purchases of materials • Offsite recycling you may need for your hazardous waste reduction program,especially inventory control measures. • Process elimination • Department manager,a person who can assure that These hazardous waste reduction alternatives are listed implementation of the hazardous waste reduction in the order of ease of implementation, benefit from methods is properly implemented at the department result,and cost of implementation.Within each alterna- level. tive you may determine that several different waste reduction methods apply.When this is the case.each . Waste Disposal Coordinator,a person responsible method should be evaluated separately. Sections 72 for storing and preparing waste for offsite disposal/ through 7.7 will describe each of these alternatives in recycle. detail.Chapter 8 will step you through the evaluation process. • Health and Safety representative,a person who can advise you on possible safety impacts or benefits to Your selection of a specific hazardous waste reduction employees. method will depend on several factors: The board should meet frequently to assess the program • Cost of implementation progress and review the possibility of evaluating addi- tional waste streams for waste reduction methods. • Cost savings • Ease of implementation 7.2 Hazardous Waste Reduction Alternative Number 1: • Worker health and safety Housekeeping and • Federal,state,and-local regulations Inventory Controls • Affect on operations Housekeeping and inventory controls are some of the 51 easiest hazardous waste reduction alternatives toimple- before discarding them? Use your hazardous mate- ment as well as one of the least expensive.It can be as rials according to manufacturer's instructions. You simple as changing the way you handle waste orchang- do not have to discard hazardous materials until they ing the way you order materials. Implementing these can no longer be used for their intended purpose.For controls may include training your personnel in better example: handling and procurement procedures. - Do not discard rags until you can no longer 7.2.1 How to Recognize you Have a effectively use them. Housekeeping Problem - Do not discard degreasing solvents until they no The following is a listing of items to look for to identify longer effectively clean products. possible housekeeping problems: - Do not discard hazardous materials until the • Do you have designated areas where wastes are container is empty;change motor oil and oil accumulated? If you designate areas for waste filters only when necessary. accumulation and label containers appropriately as to which wastes should be accumulated there,you can - Use one container of material at a time,and avoid mixing different waste types and,more impor- when the container is empty,open a new one. tantly, you can avoid mining nonhazardous wastes with hazardous wastes.Train employees to use these - When using solvents and rags for cleaning,only containers and in the importance of keeping different apply solvent to rag just prior to use and keep the wastes separated.For example: solvent container covered. - Do not mix oily waste with solvent containing Are you currently storing materials that you do wastes. not use? Inspect all the material storage areas to see if material is present that is no longer used. You - Do not discard rags used to clean parts with should make it standard procedure in your depart- solvents with rags used for other purposes, ment to only store those materials that are used in your operations. Materials past their expiration date are - Do not throw trash,such as soda cans,in considered wastes and must be properly disposed. hazardous waste accumulation containers.- Do You should consider finding a market or specific not mix adsorbents used to collect oil spills and business that may be able to use your unused materi- leaks with regular oily wastes(especially if your als. Check the California Waste Exchange listing waste oil is sent offsite for recycling). available from the California EPA Department of Toxic Substances Control (see Section 7.1.2) for - Do not accumulate used oils in empty solvent or possible users. pesticide containers.Remember,all hazardous waste accumulation containers should be kept Do you order more material than your depart- covered at all times.Keep accumulation areas ment can use? During your inspection,check to see clean and uncluttered. if materials are expiring before being used. It may. initially appear to be cost effective to order materials • Do you store hazardous materials in designated in bulk. However, when you factor in the cost of areas? Keep your hazardous materials stored in disposing of the material you were unable to use designated areas.When not using hazardous materi- before the expiration date, buying in bulk may not als,return them to the storage area. Avoid possible seem so favorable. spills or contamination of hazardous materials by 7.2.2 Advantages keeping containers closed and at their designated storage areas when not in use. Keep your material storage area and your waste storage areas separate. �Rre advantage of housekeeping and inventory controls Have MSDSs available near the point of storage for as a hazardous waste reduction alternative include: all the hazardous materials you use. • Easy to implement. • Do you completely use your hazardous materials 52 HAZARDOUS WASTE STORAGE AREA WEEKLY INSPECTION CHECKLIST SITE: A. DRUM INVENTORY 1. Total number of drums in use. 2. Have any drums been stored past the 90 day storage limit? (if so, list drum number and contents on reverse side) YES NO S. STORAGE AREA 1. Storage area neat & orderly? 2. Adequate aisle space? 3. Area secured from unauthorized entry? 4. Warning signs posted? S. Area free of spills and leaks? 6. Berms/containment area-in good condition? 7. Ignitable wastes stored SO feet from property line? _ S. Incompatible wastes segregated? C. DRUM LABELING 1. Drums labeled with the words 'hazardous waste'? 2. Name/address of generator on labels? 3. Contents of drums on label? 4. Hazardous properties on drums? (e.g. flammable) S. Accumulation date on drums 6. EPA Identification number on drums? D. DRUM STATUS 1. Drums in good condition? _ 2. Uds/caps in place and secure? 3. Waste compatible with containers? _ 4. Drums containing ignitable wastes grounded? E. EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT 1. Eye wash/shower In working order? 2. Spill containment/firefighting equipment available? 3. Communication/alarm system in working order? 4. Contingency plan available? COMMENTS COMPLETED BY: DATE/TIME: FIGURE 7-1 EXAMPLE WEEKLY INSPECTION CHECKLIST 53 • Cost-effective. being followed and general housekeeping is improv- ing.Figure 7-1 is an example Inspection Checklist. • Increased worker safety by training workers to prop- erly handle wastes to avoid mixing,and by keeping • Keep materials stored in locked areas. Assign one the work area cleaner and less cluttered. person the responsibility for assuring new materials are distributed only when previously distributed ma- • Storing less materials in your department. terials are spent. • Decreasing the chance of accidental spills or leaks. • Post signs instructing employees on proper house- keeping procedures(e.g.,CONTAINER MUST BE • Generating a smaller quantity of wastes by reducing KEPT COVERED). Figure 7-2 is an example of the amount of material you use.Less waste will need easy-to-understand housekeeping guidance that can to be handled,transported,and disposed. be posted. • Need to transport less hazardous material to your 7.2.5 Typical Inventory Controls facility. Examples of inventory controls include: • Easier preparation of the Hazardous Waste Manifest • Order only those materials used by the department. since accumulation area are labeled and uncluttered. • Order materials in quantities that can be fully used • Reduce the chance of being fined for improper man- before the expiration date. agement of hazardous wastes. • Adopt the FIFO (fust in-fust out)rule while using 7.23 Other Considerations materials in stock. When evaluating housekeeping and inventory controls • Dispose of all materials currently stored that are not as a waste reduction alternative,you should also consider being used If the materials have not expired,try to give it to another department that uses this material • You may need to change the way you order materials. instead of disposing of it.Many universities or other schools will take unexpired chemicals for their labo- • You may need to change the way employees use ratories. materials. • After implementing housekeeping controls,track the • You may need to change the way employebs handle amount of materials used and adjust ordering accord- wastes. ingly. 7.2.4 Typical Housekeeping Controls 7.3 Hazardous Waste Reduction H 0 Us Examples of housekeeping controls include: Alternatives Numbers 2 and/� 3: Substituting a Non- o` �Ilk • Purchase covered containers for the accumulation of hazardous or Less C HAZARDOU a oily rags and rags with solvents. Hazardous Material �.�� • Provide hazardous materials/hazardous waste man- for a Hazardous Material agement training for employees. • Prepare standard labels to be used on hazardous waste If practical substitutions exist, these alternatives can accumulation containers.This should bean easy task also be very easy to implement. To be successful, for those wastes you routinely generate. substitutions of nonhazardous or less hazardous mate- rials for hazardous materials should be coordinated • Start inspecting your department on a regular basis through your facility's purchasing group. This may (weekly) to assure that housekeeping controls are include developing a list of suitable nonhazardous and/ 54 Ln t7 � �Z J \\ ¢\a k # &S, ©� /L 12 cn �LJ 2 t 0 uj k W 0 §I})� ~tn ! M §� f-0 ©2 in . 5\ 2G .�$$ 2q ° %a�712 �x c �»�t � § 5 _ Q 102=&^ a 0 «.-- §� D- Eo kqk )k 0/ §»\rg «� t©»B■ §3 0_o °� §Z-$A L �� �_o--4 OW» _W =u Ia -_zo_o �� C . 70_2 I. »� ���5-� 75S ��� w �o �- �� 00 os- �� uo uui Ljwzo w= �� z 2 7 �_ spa gt 53 °��3 \0 z� x§33}\ $k\ cr22 �# Q. )�0 �� -� - 7 « K Uk k�}© ° � \ zwooz k S Litt�u « Q u� ©_ 2 a �kk�� § 7 \ La 2 k$ to k§ § M k z ���I� § . $ . \ © $&� S � f r@ ?4 2�_ »2� k �2 & g $ &CA \k ��� �@/ ƒ§) k� CL AnL / �i 2t Sw, InU-0 "zm 2r� « k "9 0-k t� f�� }k� §3k u \ § %« u 7§ �/m �w5 \ « � ƒ a 55 or less hazardous materials that may be purchased, 7.3.2 Advantages evaluating each purchase requisition to see if nonhazardous or less hazardous alteratives exist,and - Use of these substitutes will result in less hazardous restricting the purchase of hazardous materials if suit- waste generation. able nonhazardous or less hazardous materials exist. • Potential purchase cost of these substitutes may be 7.3.1 Considerations less than those for solvents. For this hazardous waste reduction alternative to prove - Use of these substitutes will result in increased worker practical at your facility,the material that is acting as a health and safety. substitute should essentially provide the same function as the material being substituted.The following ques- - Use of these substitutes will reduce the emissions of tions need to be asked: Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs). • Will the substitute work as well? • Some of the substitutions are biodegradable. • Will the substitute generate a different type of waste 7.3.3 Other Considerations stream or release? - Aqueous cleaners require a fair degree of agitation and • Will the substitute require purchasing additional therefore may require some equipment modification. equipment? • Detergents are used throughout industry,but are not • Will the substitute require additional maintenance? suitable forcieaning electrical and electronic compo- nents. • Will the substitute cost more? - Some substitutions may leave a film that can be • Will the substitute result in releases to the air, water, critical on certain types of equipment. or land? • There may be increased drying time with some sub- • Will the substitute violate any legal or regulatory stitutions. requirements? - Someofthe substitutionsthatarecommercially avail- • Will the substitute violate any maintenance specify- able are known carcinogens. cations? • For many of the available substitutions,the cleaning There are two areas where substituting a nonhazardous value has not been well established. or less hazardous material fora hazardous material have met with some success-pains and solvents.Table 5-1 • Some of the substitutions are ozone depleters. lists some examples of substitutions that may prove practical at your facility. Many of these substitutions Alternative paint and stripper formulations such as will require field testing at your facility to determine if water-based paints or strippers,high solids paints, they will adequately meet your needs. alternative organic-based paints and strippers,and powder coatings have been used in industry as sub- Water-based detergents and surfactants may be stitutes for solvent-based paints.Water-based paints effective in replacing hazardous solvents for many are available in commercial industry.Applications in- heavy-duty cleaning applications, such as removing clude painting furnishings, and facility and building greases and oils from parts, as well as performing maintenance where cnrfaces only need moderate pro- general housekeeping such as washing greasy floors, tection and where u.:corativc requirements are most walls, etc. Sometimes washing the parts with high important. High-solids low-solvent-based paints are pressure hot or cold water or steam works as effectively becoming more widely used in industry.Commercially as solvents. available dry powder painting methods include the electrostatic dry powuzi memod and the fluidized bed 56 method.The dry powder methods are reported to offer alloys cannot be subjected to these conditions. enhanced surface protection,better coverage,and re- duction in solvent emission.The dry powder methods • Alternative paint strippers for metal surface applica- also reduce hazardous waste,eliminate wastewater,use tions are generally not as effective as conventional less paint and lower overall cost per square foot of strippers. painted surface (Higgins, 'Thomas, 1989. Hazardous Waste Minimization Handbook.Lewis Publishers,Inc. • Organic and water-based strippers may take longer to Chelsea,Michigan.) loosen paint and lacquers than solvent-based strip. PM- 7.3.4 Advantages Th • y powder techniques are readily adaptable to cur 7.4 Hazardous Waste Reduction rent production methods and are easily learned by Alternative Number 4: painting personnel. Onsite Recycling • Water-based paints eliminate the need for hazardous solvents and subsequent hazardous disposal costs. The objective behind onsite recycling is to take a waste material and recycle it onsite so that it can be use as a raw • Powder coating reduces the use of clean-up solvents. material in a facility's processes.Onsite recycling typi- cally involves some investment in capital equipment • Powder coating eliminates the use of paint thinners. and additional personnel,which makes it more difficult to implement than the previous alternatives considered. • Water-based paints generally cost less than solvent- This investment may prove worthwhile at your facility based pests, depending on the amount of wastes that can be recycled. Another consideration is the centralization of the onsite • Water-based paints and strippers reduce employee recycling.In other words,one maintenance shop may exposure to VOCs. not generate enough used oil to make onsite recycling economically feasible.However,if used oil from all of • High solids solvent-based paints have substantially the maintenance shops and vehicle repair areas at a less VOC emissions than standard solvent-based facility were brought to a centralized onsite recycling paints. unit,this option may prove feasible. • Thy powder painting techniques do not use solvents Examples of some situations where onsite recycling and therefore completely eliminate air emissions of has been successful: VOCs, reduce clean-up solvent use, and eliminate paint thinner use. • Oil recycling • Some strippers are recyclable. • Solvent recycling 7.3.5 Other Considerations • Empty container recycling • Slow working strippers do not dry easily. 7.4.1 Advantages • Water-based coatings typically have longer drying • Reduced liability since the waste is not being trans- times than solvent-based paints. ported offsite. • Water-based paints do not last as long as solvent- • Elimination of manifesting requirements. based paints, so they require an increased painting frequency. • Reduction of raw material costs if the recycled mate- rials can be used as substitutes in some of the facility's • Thy powder painting requires that the items to be processes. painted withstand a curing process of approximately 350 degrees Fahrenheit for 30 minutes. Aluminum • Reduction of disposal costs since waste isnot being disposed of offsite. 57 7.4.2 Other Considerations 7.5.2 Other Considerations • Capital and operating costs incurred for the recycling • Increased liability since the waste is being trans. equipment. ported offsite. • May need to obtain hazardous waste facility permits • Requires manifesting. from the USEPA and the California EPA since your facility will be treating the waste onsite(depends on • May transform hazardous waste from one form to the waste stream and recycling method) another. • May resultin increased health and safety concerns for • Creates potential for releases to other media. employees who will have to operate equipment. • May(:arm«mhamrdouswasrefromcwfortntoawdw. 7.6 Hazardous Waste Reduction Alternative Number 6: • Creates potential for releases to other media. Process Elimination 7.5 Hazardous Waste Reduction ' .0 The objective behind this hazardous wasm reduction Alternative Number 5: alternative is to eliminate unnecessary processes that Offsite Recycling generate hazardous wastes.This will probably be the 0 0 T @ most difficult alternative to implement since most of your facility's processes are probably necessary to your The objective behind offsite recycling is to transport a daily operation.However,it may prove worthwhile to waste material to an offsite recycling facility. Offsite think about some routine operations where the fze- recycling does not typically involve any investment in quency may be changed.For example,does your facil- capital equipment and additional personnel. Some ar- ity change the oil in all pieces of equipment at the same rangements may include"roundtripping,"i.e.,the recy- time even if an oil change may be unnecessary for some cling facility returns the recycled material back to the equipment? Is it necessary to clean according to the generator for use. current frequency or can you reduce how often you perform general facility cleaning? How often do you Examples of some situations where offsite recycling repaint park benches,and is it necessary? Can you use has been successful: concrete benches rather than wooden benches? Can small quantities of leftover paints of different colors be • Oil recycling mixed and used for painting new surfaces? • Solvent recycling 7.6.1 Advantages • Empty container recycling Eliminates the waste stream entirely. This reduces liability,improves worker health and safety and pre- • Oil and/or solvent contaminated rag laundering vents releases to other media. 7.5.1 Advantages 7.6.1 Other Considerations • May reduce raw material costs if the recycled mate- • May be difficult to implement. rialsarereturned to the facility for use in its processes. • May result in costs for replacements. • Reduced disposal costs.The cost for offsite recycling varies with market conditions.However,the costs are • May decrease the public's satisfaction with the city. typically not more than the transportation costs. In .� some instances the recycler may pay the generator for the waste. • Less liability than disposing of the waste at a hazard- .� ous waste facility. 58 Chapter 8 Step dVEVALUATING WASTE STREAMS FOR HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION POTENTIAL Evaluating / ' Streams / Chapter 8 Hazardous - Reduction Potential Step alm (6' This chapter will describe the process for evaluating • Ferric Chloride - Isopropyl Alcohol hazardous waste reduction alternatives for your waste streams. • Fixer • Kerosene 8.1 Overview of the Process - Floor Stripper • Lubricants,e.g.,WD40 • Fungicides - Lubricating Oil The entire waste reduction evaluation process can be--- summarized by the following itemized list: - Gasoline • Paint Thinner 1.Determine what materials your department uses. • Glass Cleaner - Paints 2.Determine which materials used at your department • Grease • PVC Containing Material are considered hazardous materials. • Herbicides • Sodium Hypochlorite 3.Determine which processes in your department use hazardous materials. • Hydraulic Oil • Sodium Hydroxide 4.Determine which processes that use hazardous mate- • Hydrochloric Acid • Solvent/Degreaser rials generate a waste. • Insecticide • Sulfuric Acid 5.Determine the waste types generated from these processes. 6.Determine which two or three waste types are gener- In Table 6-1,list all the materials used at your facility ated at your department in the largest quantities,and that are considered hazardous. what processes generate them. 7.Evaluate waste reduction methods for each of the two 8.3 Which of the Processes at Your or three waste types identified by considering each of Facility Use Hazardous Materials? the six waste reduction alternatives. In Table 6-1,after each hazardous material identified, 8.2 Which of the Materials Used at list the processes at your facility in which the material Your Facility are Hazardous? is used. Typical processes used by municipalities in- clude: To determine which materials used at your facility are • Asphalt Repair hazardous, review the MSDS for each material. If a chemical listed in Table B-1 is present in the material, • Demolition/Construction it is considered hazardous.Typical hazardous materials used by municipalities include: • Equipment Parts Degreasing/Cleaning • Ammonia - Chlorine • Equipment Lubrication - Antifreeze - Crankcase Oil • Facility Cleaning • Asphalt • Developer - Facility and Equipment Painting • Car Batteries • Diesel Fuel • Grounds Maintenance 59 • Laboratory Analyses • Waste Caustics • Lawn Treatment • Used Oil • Pool Treatment • Waste Solvents • Pump Repair 8.5 What Waste Types are Generated • Reproduction at Your Facility? r . Steam Cleaning I:n Table 6-1,after each waste generated.assign a WRN to each waste.Each WRN will include a description of • Street Maintenance the waste type.Many processes will generate the same waste type.You can evaluate all processes that generate • Vehicle Maintenance the same waste type at the same time.In other words,a waste stream is a combination of all wastes from pro- • Wastewater Flocculation cesses that generate the same waste type.For example, if'you use several types of spray solvents that each 8.4 What Hazardous Wastes are generate waste rags,each WRN may contain the waste type RS(solvent laden rags).The combination of these Generated From These Processes? three wastes would be one waste stream designated as RS or solvent laden rags.Typical waste types generated In Table 6-1. after each process description, list the at your facility are listed in Section 63. waste that is generated from use of that material in that process. Typical wastes generated by municipalities 8.6 What Two or Three Waste Streams include: are Generated Most? • Aerosol Cans From Table 6-1, combine all like waste types. For • Asbestos Contaminated Debris example,add all the annual quantities generated for RS, OW,AS,etc.,into waste types designated as RS,OW • Contaminated Wastewater/Rinsewater AS, etc. Choose the two or three waste types that constitute the largest amount of the total of the hazard- • Empty Containers(paint,oil,solvent,pesticide) ous wastes that your department generates.These are the waste types you will be evaluating first for hazard- • Offspeciftcation Materials/Chemicals (paints, sol- ous waste reduction methods. vents) • Oil Contaminated Rags/Absorbent 8.7 Evaluating Your Hazardous Waste Reduction Alternatives • Oil Filters • Oil/Solvent Contaminated Water 8•7•1 EvaluatiQrr Procedure • Paint Filters Now that you have identified the two or three largest waste types,the processes that generate them,and the • PCB Containing Oil materials that contribute to these wastes,you are ready g to decide how best to reduce these waste streams.You can use this section of the manual to decide if there are • Solvent Contaminated Rags/Absorbent any other ways to handle hazardous materials at your • Used Batteries facility that may reduce the amount of hazardous waste you generate. As was stated in Chapter 7, there are • Waste Acids various ways to reduce your hazardous waste.Some of 60 these ways are better than others. When evaluating facility provides? waste reduction alternatives, these are some of the considerations you must address: Forexample,theparks and recreation department might decide to reduce the amount of empty insecticide con- Has the alternative changed the waste so that it is tainers it generates by reducing the frequency forspray- no longer hazardous or is less hazardous? ing the grounds. Will this alternative mean that the park's landscaping will deteriorate, resulting in un- For example,the paint shop may decide to substitute happy citizens? water based paint for solvent based paints.The solvent in the paint is one of the components that makes the Will the selected alternative put your employees in paint hazardous because of its volatility and ignitability... . danger? By using water based paints,the hazard from solvents is eliminated For example, if your facility decides that it is cost- effective to recycle solvents onsite,will this mean that • Are there any technical problems that will prevent your employees will be exposed to increased health and you from changing your current waste manage- safety concerns. These concerns may cause you to ment practices to the selected alternative? eliminate this alternative,or your facility may decide that the waste reduction obtained justifies additional For example, an equipment maintenance group may employee health and safety training and equipment. decide to substitute a water based detergent for a halo- genated solvent that has been used to clean electronic • Will the selected alternative comply with existing parts.Cleaning of electronic parts mustnot result in any regulations? debris retraining on the parts. In this instance, water based solvents have not proved to be suitable for clean- For example, if your facility decides that washing ing electronic parts,although they are effective in other containers is the selected alternative,there are various cleaning applications. regulatory considerations such as:whether a permit is needed from the California EPA for the drum washing • Is the selected alternative going to result in higher facility, what options are available for disposal of the costs for your facility? rinsewater, will permits be needed from the local air district,and will safety regulations be violated. For example, your facility may decide to recycle its solvents onsite.This alternative will result in the pur- Will the selected alternative require employee chase of solvent recycling equipment,action to comply training? with regulatory requirements,and perhaps the imple- mentation of additional health and safety requirements For example, if the selected alternative requires the for your workers.Depending on how much solvent your purchase and operation of new equipment,employees facility generates,this alternative could be too costly,or will need to be trained in its use. Again, the cost of may in fact prove to be cost-effective. providing training has to be weighed against the benefit from waste reduction. • Will the selected alternative transfer the waste to another media? • Will you have to hire someone with more experience to evaluate hazardous waste reduction For example,your vehicle maintenance shop may de- methods? cide to rinse containers that previously contained oil so that the containers can be thrown in the trash.Though For example,if the waste that you are trying to reduce the containers can then be managed as nonhazardous is generated from a process that you are unfamiliar with, waste, the rinsewater will now contain oil residue. it may become necessary to either hire someone or Depending on your local sanitation districts,the shop retain consulting services. may not be allowed to discharge your rinsewater into the sanitary sewer without further treatment. This manual provides a sequence of checklists(Appen- dix F)to help you decide which waste reduction alter- - Will the selected alternative reduce the quality of native or combination of alternatives is best for each of the service or the quality of the product your the two or three largest waste types that you selected for 61 evaluation. These checklists first ask you about your Checklist No.4 Onsite Recycling current hazardous waste reduction practices.Answers of"yes"mean that you are already using that alternative This alternative consists of recy to reduce your hazardous waste.Answers of"no"mean cling the hazardous waste atyour that the hazardous waste reduction alternative may be C1l facility so that you do not have to used at your facility.To help you decide yes or no,there send it offsite. Sending wastes are some additional items on the checklist to consider offsite may eventually result in liability for your facil- which ask the questions that were discussed above. ity.This hazardous waste reduction alternative is dis- Remember that you can get help answering some of the cussed in more detail in Chapter 7. above questions by referring to the list of resources provided in Section 7.1.2. Checklist No.5 Offsite Recycling Each of the two or three largest waste types that you This alternative consists of selected has to be evaluated separately.If you have used sending the hazardous oil (UO), waste solvent (WS), and oily rags (OR) as o 0 0 0 o waste to a facility offsite your three major waste types,you need to evaluate UO that will recycle it.By recycling,you may be preventing using the sequence of checklists, then evaluate WS any future liability for your facility. This hazardous using the sequence of checklists,and then evaluate OR waste reduction alternative is discussed in moredetail in using the sequence of checklists.Six checklists make up Chapter 7. the sequence of checklists,one for each of the following hazardouswastereductionalternatives that may workat Checklist No.6 Elimination of the Process your facility. This alternative consists of Checklist No.1 Source Elimination by deciding if the facility really Housekeeping or needs to perform the operation Inventory Controls or process which produces the -waste. Note that this will rarely be the case. This This alternative can prevent the hazardous waste reduction alternative is discussed in facility from generating the haz imore detail in Chapter 7. ardous waste by organizing and controlling hazardous materials.This source reduction Each of these hazardous waste reduction alternatives is alternative is discussed in more detail in Chapter 7. discussed in more detail in Chapter 5.In addition,the checklists refer you to more detailed sections in Chapter Checklist No.2 Substitution ofNonhazardous :5.Keep in mind that these waste reduction alternatives Materials are listed in the most preferred order, 1 through 6. ,source elimination by housekeeping is usually an easier H +0 s This alternative consists of using a and less expensive alternative to implement than offsite material that is not hazardous in recycling.However,each facility will be different,and place of a hazardous material the checklist is intended to guide you towards selecting that is currently being used. This hazardous waste the best choice. Selecting the best alternative will de- reduction alternative is discussed in more detail in pend on your answers to the questions on the checklist. Chapter 7. 'You may not need to use all six checklists since you may fmd that one checklist provides you with a hazardous Checklist No.3 Substitution of a Material waste reduction alternative that is best for your facility. that Reduces Volume or :However,it is suggested that even if you do not use all Toxicity six checklists,you follow the order listed above. HAZARDOU % This alternative consists of us 8.7.2 How to Complete Checklists ing a material that is still hazard- ous:however,the amount of waste that you produce is To complete the checklists follow the simple procedure less or the toxicity of the waste that you produce is less. described below: This hazardous waste reduction alternative is discussed in more detail in Chapter 7. 1.Check*W if you are aheady doing the procedure listed. 62 2.Check"no"if you are not doing the procedure listed. to go through the entire checklist since some of the options may not be obvious to you until you read them. 3.Check"NIA"if the procedure does not apply to your facility. These checklists do not address everything you need at your facility. Use the extra spaces to make the 4.If you checked"yes"for a procedure,you do not need checklist specific to your needs. You know your to checkoff the questions going across the rest of the facility best. page. Once the checklists have been completed, you can 5.If you checked"no,"you should continue and answer select the hazardous waste reduction alternative or the questions asked for that procedure such as,"Will combination of alternatives that best meets the needs of the method change the waste so that it is your facility.Keep in mind that the primary aim is to nonhazardous?"("Yes"or"No").Again,not all of reduce the amount of hazardous wastes,but you must these items will apply to each waste reduction proce- consider other factors such as implementability, cost dune.If the item does not apply,leave it blank. effectiveness, legality, and quality control. Your an- swers to the various columns on the checklist should 6.After completing the checklist,there is a space at the help you to make these decisions. bottom for you to comment whether or not certain parts of the hazardous waste reduction alternative Many of the typical processes and hazardous materials will work,and how.Complete this section using the used within cities have been evaluated using the check- answers on the checklist. list and criteria discussed above.Some general recom- mendations are listed below.These should help you to Remember,you donor have to checkevery item,rather, select the best hazardous waste reduction method or you should check what works best for your facility.If combination of methods for your facility. you do not check every item,it is still important for you .' as 63 Chapter 9 Step 61VIMPLEMENTING WASTE REDUCTION STRATEGIES Inz lementing Waste Chapter 9 Reduction Step ®- Gap 9.1 Implementation Considerations 9.2 Implementation Plan At this point you have probably selected a combination Most of your selected waste reduction methods prob- of waste reduction methods that you feel can be imple- ably cannot be implemented immediately and will re- mented at your facility. You have also completed the quire a period during which various considerations(like source reduction summary checklist (Appendix G), those listed in Section 7.1)can be addressed.This time which lists the various selected methods along with an period will vary depending on the objectives that need implementation date for each method. During your to be achieved.For example,if a budget request has to evaluation of these methods,you have already thought be approved by your city council,that may take a longer about the many factors that could affect your ability to time than if you have to train your employees in-house implement these methods.In fact,before these methods on good housekeeping techniques. However,remem- can be implemented you are probably going to have to ber that employee habits cannot be changed overnight, make some changes in the way your facility currently and may require some sort of a phase-in period. operates. In any event,some coordination will be re- quired before these selected hazardous waste reduction Therefore,the next step in the hazardous waste reduc- methods can be implemented. For example,you may tion process is to develop an implementation plan.This have to: plan is basically a timetable for implementation of all selected hazardous waste reduction methods,and can • Train employees on new procedures or new equip- be as detailed as you need it to be.This plan should be ment based on all the information you have gathered regard- ing budgeting, personnel needs, training periods,bid • Change your current purchasing procedures process,etc.At a minimum it should include the follow- ing: • Purchase new equipment • Prioritization of hazardous waste reduction methods • Purchase different materials (less..hazardous 'or nonhazardous) • Short-term versus long-term objectives • Develop and submit annual budget and capital im- • Responsible groups(both within and outside the city) provement program budget requests • Start and end dates for implementation • Develop and submit personnel requests • Key dates or milestones for more complicated haz- • Initiate the bidding procedure for any capital pur- ardous waste reduction methods chases The implementation plan should not be considered the • Develop a phased approach for introducing these new final step but should be updated and revised as you methods and new materials into your facility begin implementing the hazardous waste reduction program. Once you start, you may find that some Even if very few changes are needed,you will need to implementation schedules need to be lengthened while project how long it will take to implement your selected others can be reduced. You should also include input waste reduction methods based on the various obstacles from those responsible for budgetary, personnel and you need to overcome. This projection is typically administrative matters,as well as the waste minimiza- documented in an implementation plan,which will be tion work group. These representatives may have a described in the next section. better idea of the many factors that can affect the implementation process. 65 Itis also important for you to include in your implemen- • Waste Minimization Coordinator whose responsibil- tation plan a period where potentially viable hazardous ity is to measure hazardous waste reduction progress. waste reduction measures can be further evaluated, since there may not have been enough time to do this in • Implementation schedule including defined review the evaluation phase of your hazardous waste reduction periods.Review will probably be continuous; how- program. These potentially viable measures may be ever, you may have short-term and medium- term something to consider in your long range hazardous goals that you would like to meet. waste reduction program. Hazardous waste reduction planning does notend with this implementation plan but Flexibility to revisit and modify the implementation is a continuous process. pian based on the results of the evaluation(i.e.,stop if alternative is not effective,or modify schedule to 9.3 Establishing an Evaluation Plan to accommodate changes in operation).Review progress of implementation often and make changes when Monitor and Track Progress necessary,. An essential aspect of every new program is the period Methods of communicating progress to those respon- needed to evaluate and monitor its progress.This evalu- sible.In other words,your employees need to know ation phase is intended to let you know if you are how they are doing. meeting your objectives,and,if not,provide ideas on • Estimates of the costs involved in implementation as how you can meet them.As mentioned before,hazard- ous waste reduction planning is a continuous process. well as the expected payback period. You need to constantly evaluate the success of your 94b selected hazardous waste reduction methods. If your objectives are not being met,then you should adjust the .' .. waste reduction program.If your objectives are being elm met,then you need to be aware of it so that your facility can take credit for an effective program.This evaluation plan should include at a minimum: • Measurable Performance Goals by which hazardous waste reduction can be compared, e.g., pounds of hazardous waste manifested, disposal cost reduc- tions,etc.These measures need to allow for changes that may cause uncontrollable increases such as dis- posal cost increases by the disposal contractor,mar- ket fluctuations,and facility growth. 66 Chapter 10 Step � HAZARDOUS MATERIAL PURCHASE AND MANAGEMENT PROGRAM Hazardous Purchase Chapter 10andMan'agement Step 41W GOP This chapter presents the purpose of a hazardous mate- Implementation of such a program can have the follow- rial purchase and management program(HMPMP)and ing advantages: sonic strategies for setting up such a program in your department or for your city. • Reduced material purchasing cost by limiting the amount of items bought. Based on an assessment at another city,the following information was collected.Various departments within • Reduced hazardous waste handling and disposal the city purchased their own hazardous materials.Ma- cost,because less materials will end up as waste. terials were purchased by personnel on an as-needed basis.Items were purchased at local stores through open • Improved employee health and safety,since em- purchase orders.Purchase orders were required to be ployees will be exposed to reduced amounts of haz- approved by the superintendent or department head. ardous materials and hazardous waste Some items were also obtained from the central ware- house. There were no procedures by which various • Reduced liability from potential employee exposure departments could share or transfer hazardous materi- and reduced long-term financial liability from dis- als.If the material procurement procedures described posal site clean up. above are presentat your city,the following suggestions for a HMPMP may be evaluated and refined to best fit • Reduced potential for fines from impropermanage- your needs. ment of materials and waste 10.1 Purpose 10Z Strategies Available The purpose of an HMPMP is to enable you to do the In this section,two strategies are presented for setting following: up a HMPMP for your city: • Minimize the amount of hazardous materials pur- • Section 102.1—Implement an HMPMP at Each De- chased and kept in storage. partment • Reduce the quantity of unused materials thrown away • Section 102.2—Implement a Central HMPMP as hazardous waste,because the materials could not be used before its shelf life expired. 102.1 Implement a Hazardous Material Purchase and Management Program at • Standardize the types of materials purchased and Each Department used in different departments so that surplus materi- als can be distributed for use by other departments y Individual departments in your city may not have a that need them. formal HMPMP.Materials may be purchased by indi- viduals on an as-needed basis.All purchase orders may • Reduce the numberof suppliers from whom materials be approved by the superintendent or department head. are purchased. If a large quantity of supplies are If these procurement procedures are currently used at purchased from a limited number of vendors, they your city,you may want to consider implementing an may take back surplus inventory at no cost.Encour- SMP at each department. age purchasing department to award contracts to suppliers who are willing to take back surplus inven- A department HMPMP may include the following tory. activities: • Monitor the health and safety aspects of materials Individual groups within a department would submit used.You cannot limit the potential for an employee to the department manager a list of hazardous mate- to be exposed to a hazardous chemical if you do not rials, including brand names,and estimated annual monitor what materials they are using. quantities used by the group.For each item,chemical 67 compositions would also be provided. Before shelf-life expiration, every attempt must be made to make these materials available to other • The department manager or a person designated by departments for use. the manager would review and evaluate the lists for the following. Employees must be made aware of the department HMPMP,and be encouraged to provide suggestions on - Suggestions forsubstitutinghazardous materials with improving the program and making it easier to imple- less hazardous or nonhazardous items. ment. - Appropriateness of the quantities being used. Some 1012 Implement a Central Hazardous groups may be over-stocking hazardous materials, Material Purchase and Management and then discarding them as surplus inventory.Records Program on hazardous wastes generated in previous years may be reviewed to identify groups that usually discard A central HMPMP may be implemented in addition to unused materials.Also,groups that overstock inven- the department HMPMP.At present,each department tory may be identified during site assessments. maybepurchasing materials primarily from local stores, with limited items being supplied by the central ware- - Possibility of standardization of the types of materials house.It may be that,because of low turn over,many used by departments within the city.This will allow hazardous materials stocked at a central warehouse may trading of materials between departments,and pre- have expired shelf-lives. vent surplus inventory from being handled as hazard- ous waste-Comparison of lists from various depart- Elements of a central HMPMP may include the follow- ments will also help to identify departments that are ing: implementing waste minimization measures by using less hazardous materials for similar operations.Some • All departments would fust attempt to fill purchase materials that may be easy to standardize include requisitions through the warehouse before going to an solvents,paints,paint thinners,and cleaners, since outside vendor. these items are used by most departments. • The warehouse would maintain an inventory of haz- • Once the group lists are finalized, the department ardour materials based on the demand in the previous manager or person designated by the department 3-or 6-month period.A high and low limit may be manager would only approve purchase orders for the established for each item.Items would be purchased listed materials and quantities. The lists would be only if the inventory went below the low limit.Mate- updated on a regular basis.Purchase orders that differ rials would not be stocked above the high limit. from the approved list would require additional re- view and approval. • Each department would supply the warehouse with lists of approved materials and quantities as described • Purchase orders requesting bulk quantities of hazard- in Section 102.1. ors materials should be reviewed carefully. It is generally not cost-effective to bulk order items to get - The warehouse would work with the departments to discounts. Disposal costs typically far exceed the standardize the types of materials used. savings from bulk discounts. Items that have short shelf-lives must be purchased in limited quantities. • The warehouse would maintain lists of surplus inven- tory at departments,and fill purchase requisitions by • The first-in-first-out rule must be followed when using up this inventory rather than reordering the using stocked materials (i.e., place newly ordered items, materials behind in-stock items on shelves so the older materials are used first). - A shelf-life program and first-in-fust-out program would be implemented by the warehouse to minimize • Implement a shelf-life program at each department. shelf-life expiration of stocked items. • Whencontracting with suppliers,the warehouse would attempt to establish agreements where the supplier 68 will reclaim surplus materials and empty containers. • The warehouse may consider using a computerized material tracking program for continuous monitoring of inventory on-hand,and to track materials supplied to various departments. The program may also be used to monitor material shelf-lives. The strategies for setting up an HM PU P discussed above may need to be further refined so that a workable program may be implemented at your city. 5ft 69 Chapter 11 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SENATE BILL 14 (SB 14) AND THIS GUIDEBOOK Differences / / Chapter 11 / from stationary equipment) This chapter is organized as follows: • Lead acid batteries Section 11.1 Differences.This section describes how use of this guidebook differs from SB 14 • Wastes from site clean up and mitigation activities, guidance when preparing your waste reduction including remedial investigations program. • Samples and evidence from enforcement actions Section 11.2 Do You Need To Comply With.. SB 14? This section will describe how you can • Formation fluids and solids from oil,gas, determine if SB 14 applies to your department. geothermal exploration,and field development Section 113 How To Adjust this Guidebook to • Household hazardous wastes,wastes from Comply with SB 14.This section describes how household collection events,and wastes separated this guidebook can help you comply with SB 14. at community landfills The information that is provided in this chapter is • Waste pesticides and pesticide containers collected consistent with the guidelines for compliance with SB by county agricultural commissioners 14 that were in effect at the time of publication of this Guidebook'.Current guidelines can be obtained from • Demolition waste/major renovation waste the California EPA,Department of Toxic Substances Control(see Figure 2-1). • Spent munitions and ordnance 11.1 Differences • Decommissioned utility poles Yes:Which Exempted Wastes do you Table 11-1 following illustrates some of the major generate?: differences between this guidebookand SB 14 requirements. 11.2 Do You Need to Comply With SB 14? To determine if SB 14 applies to you,respond to the following: 1.Are any of the following exempted wastes present in Go to Item 2 Table 6-1? No: Go to Item 3 • PCBs or PCB-containing material 2.Cross out all the wastes listed in 1 above from Table • Asbestos 6-1 • Infectious waste Go to Item 3. • Automotive Fluids(motor oil,hydraulic fluid, 3.Total the column"Waste Generated per year"from antifreeze,etc..from vehicles;does not include oils Table 6-1. Enter Hazardous/Extremely Hazardous Waste 'Guidance Manual for the Hazardous Waste Source Reduc- Generated per year: tion and Management Review Act of 1989, Department of Health Services,Toxic Substances Control Program,Alter- pounds native Technology Division. 71 Go to Item 4. Yes STOP:: You are required to comply with SB 14. 4.Using Table B-1.ace any of the hazardous wastes in (See Section 113) Table6.1 considemdextrtmely hazardous(extremely hazardous materials are designated with an asterisk Na You are required to comply with [•j before their name)? SB 14. Go to Item 9. Yes: List your extremely hazardous wasLe: 9.You now have the opportunity to develop your own hazardous waste reduction program, in your own way. Set an example. Thinking and successfully implementing hazardous waste minimization, no matter how much you generate. may entice small businesses and households to follow suit. Collec- Go to Item S tively.small generators art significanL No•. Go to Item 8 1.1.3 How to Adjust This Guidebook to 5.Total all wastes that are extremely hazardous wastes Comply With SB 14 in Table 6-1. If yeu have determined from the analysis in Section Enter Total Extremely Hazardous Waste: 112 above that you need to comply with SB 14 mquim- pounds menus,you can use the information you gather during the development of your hazardous waste reduction Go to Item 6. program using this guidebook to assist you in comply- ing with SB 14. 6.Do you generate more than 26.4 pounds of exttunely Hae isone way you can use this manual m comply with hazardous wast y SB 14: Yes: STOP::You are required to . Complete Chapters 1 to 6 of this Guidebook comply with SB 14 (Go to Section 113) • Determine if SB 14 applies by using Section 113 above. No: Go to Item 7 • Refer to SB 14 Guidance manual available from the 7.Subtract the total in Item 5 from the total in Item 3. California EPA. Department of Toxic Substances Control (see Section 7.12). "Guidance Manual for pounds Hazardous/Extremely Hazardous the Hazardous Waste Source Reduction and Manage- Waste Generated ment Review Act of 1989." (Item 3) With the information gathered thus far,you can orga- subtract nize your data as recommended in this guidance docu- pounds Extremely Hazardous Waste ment to determine which waste streams to evaluate. Generated (Item S) • Finally,you can use this Guidebook to help in your equals evaluation of source reduction alternatives.The Cali- pounds Hazardous Waste Generated forma EPA guidance manual will help you with the per year format of your document. but not with the source redaction evaluations. Go to Item 8. SB 14 also requites you to document hazardous 8.Is the number of trrtds listed in Iters 7 ter than mous waste management procedures at pounds S your facility. Following this Guidebook's assess- 26.400 pounds? mens checklist will help you gather the information you need to complete this document. 72 C-A 0 'S ca .0 e % O V� CS %. 10 lei 3 U15. I'd -ol ..4 C: % OOV&ess I % S 'toss-% co> - 0-0, '0 V--,) AR E" -S loco IA C7>, 0 54 0 :i o .00 cs Si PCs % ater S C-A ? CIA C4 to- In S ,x fs to ori' --.,w. i6 00 go 0, :: 00 ar 00 .vo sig ORA y 'low t bo 14 0 Chapter 12 CONCLUSIONS Conclusions Chapter 12 This Guidebook has served to introduce you to the concepts of source reduction and hazardous waste mini- miration..and has discussed how these concepts may relate to the operations in your city or department.In addition,this Guidebook has presented to you a six-step process for establishing an interdepartmental hazard- ous waste reduction program in your city.An example of implementing a hazardous waste reduction program is presented in Appendix D. With this information in hand, your department and your city can forge ahead to develop a hazardous waste reduction program that is tailored to your operational and management style.This program will surely im- prove your worker safety, decrease your long-term liability costs, improve the environment. and SAVE YOU MONEY! Aren't these good reasons to begin your program TODAY? 75 Appendix A LIST OF DEFINITIONS Appendix A List of Definitions Chlorinated Solvent Hazardous Waste Minimization A liquid compound or mixture of compounds capable Hazardous waste minimization refers to any method of dissolving ordispersing one or more othersubstances used to reduce the amount of hazardous wastes that need which contains chlorine as one of its constituents.Some to be disposed. Source reduction is considered a pan of examples are 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), waste minimization. tetrachloroethylene(perchloroethylene,PCE),trichlo- roethylene(TCE),freons,1,1,2-trichloroethane,meth- Hazardous Waste Reduction Alternative ylene chloride,chlorobenzene. Options which can be used to reduce the quantity of Empty Container hazardous waste generated, or lessen the properties which make the waste hazardous.These include house- A container that previously held a hazardous material keeping or inventory controls, substitution of a or hazardous waste is considered empty when all mate- nonhazardous material,substitution of a less hazardous nal or waste that can be removed using typical methods material,onsite or offsite recycling,and process elimi- for that container(i.e.,pouring,pumping,or aspirating) nation. has been removed,and holds no more than the following amounts of residue: Hazardous Waste Stream • No more than 2.5 centimeters(1 inch)on the bottom The total quantity of similar hazardous wastes gener- ated by one or more processes at a facility(i.e.,waste • No more than the following quantity based on the oils,chlorinated solvents,oily rags,etc.) volume of the container. Housekeeping - 3 percent by weight if the container volume is less than or equal to 110 gallons The way that hazardous materials are handled,used,or stored. - 03 percent by weight if the container volume is greater than 110 gallons Input Change Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) A raw material orfeedstock change thatreduces,avoids, Identification Number or eliminates the hazardous materials that enter the production process and thus reduces the amount of The number assigned by the California EPA or the U.S. hazardous wastes generated by that process. EPA to each generator,transporter or treatment,stor- age,or disposal facility. In California,all generators, Inventory Control regardless of quantity,must apply and obtain an EPA Identification Number before they can generate any Management of ordering,purchasing,and allocation hazardous waste• procedures for hazardous materials. Generator Nonchlorinated Solvent Any person or facility whose act or process produces a A liquid compound or mixture of compounds capable waste that is considered hazardous under Federal or of dissolving or dispersing one or more other substances State of California regulations. which does not contain chlorine as one of its constitu- ents.Some examples are benzene,toluene,xylene,PD- Hazardous Waste Assessment 680, Stoddard solvent, terpenes, methanol, acetone, butyl alcohol,methyl ethyl ketone(MEK),cyclohex- An evaluation of a department or facility to determine anone,isobutanol. what types of hazardous materials you use,hazardous wastes produced,whatprocesses generated these wastes, and how the wastes are managed and disposed of. A-1 Operational Improvements Refinements made to the procedures used to perform a task or tasks thatreduce the quantity of hazardous waste generated from the activity. Examples include loss prevention,waste segregation,production scheduling, maintenance operations,and overall site management. Production Process Change A change in the operating parameters-used to perform. . a process. Changes include equipment modifications; changes in process operating conditions such as tem- perature,pressure,etc.;process or plant automation;or the return of materials or their components for reuse within existing processes. Product Reformulation A change in the raw materials used to make a product or the composition or specification of the final product. Recycling Processing a hazardous waste so that it can be re- claimed or reused as a raw materiaL Source Reduction Source reduction means any action which causes a net reduction in the generation of a hazardous waste by reducing the amount of raw material used in the process or any action taken before a hazardous waste is gener- ated that results in the lessening of the properties which cause it to be classified as a hazardous waste. Waste Reduction Number A number which is used to organize and track hazard- ous waste stream information. This number identifies each waste stream according to location of generation and waste type. A-2 Appendix B LIST OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS Table 13-1 a Listing of Hazardous Chemicals Page 1 of 11 1 Acetaldehyde isomers) 2 Acetic Acid 43 n-Amylamine, 1-Aminopentane (and 3 Acetone, Propanone isomers) 4 *Acetone cyanohydrin 44 n-Amyl chloride, 1-Chloropentane (and 5 Acetonitrile isomers) 6 2-Acetylaminofluorene 45 n-Amylene, 1-Pentene (and isomers) 7 Acetyl benzoyl peroxide 46 n-Amyl mercaptan, 1-Pentanethiol (and 8 *Acetyl chloride isomers) 9 Acetyl peroxide 47 n-Amyl nitrite, n-Pentyl nitrite (and isomers) 10 Acridine 48 *Amyl trichlorosilane (and isomers) 11 *Acrolein, Aqualin 49 Aniline, Aminobenzene 12 *Acrylonitrile 50 Anisoyl chloride 13 *Adiponitrile 51 Anthracene 14 *Aldrin; 1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro- 52 Antimony 1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro- 53 Antimony compounds 1,4,5,8-endo-exodimethanonaphthalene 54 *Antimony pentachloride 15 *Alkyl aluminum chloride 55 *Antimony pentafluoride 16 *Alkyl aluminum compounds 56 Antimony pentasulfide 17 Allyl alcohol, 2-Propene-l-ol 57 Antimony potassium tartrate 18 Allyl bromide, 3-Bromopropene 58 Antimony sulfate, Antimony trisutfate 19 Allyl chloride, 3-Chloropropene 59 Antimony trichloride, Antimony chloride 20 Allyl chlorocarbonate, Allyl chloroformate 60 Antimony trifluoride, Antimony fluoride 21 *Allyl trichlorosilane 61 Antimony trioxide, Antimony oxide 22 Aluminum (powder) 62 Antimony trisutfide, Antimony sulfide 23A Aluminum chloride 63 *Arsenic 23B *Aluminum chloride (anhydrous) 64 *Arsenic acid and sags 24 Aluminum fluoride 65 *Arsenic compounds 25 Aluminum nitrate 66 *Arsenic pentaselenide 26 *Aluminum phosphide, PHOSTOXIN 67 *Arsenic pentoxide, Arsenic oxide 27 *4-Aminodiphenyl, 4-ADP 68 *Arsenic sulfide, Arsenic disulfide 28 *2-Aminopyridine 69 *Arsenic tribromide, Arsenic bromide 29 *Ammonium arsenate 70 *Arsenic trichloride, Arsenic chloride 30 *Ammonium bifluoride 71 *Arsenic triiodide, Arsenic iodide 31 Ammonium chromate 72 *Arsenic trioxide, Arsenic oxide 32. Ammonium dichromate, Ammonium 73 *Arsenious acid and salts bichromate 74 *Arsines 33 Ammonium fluoride 75 Asbestos (including chrysotile, amosite, 34 Ammonium hydroxide crocidolite, tremolite, anthophyllite, and 35 Ammonium molybdate actinolite) 36 Ammonium nitrate 76 *AZODRIN, 3-Hydroxy-N-cis-crotonamide 37 Ammonium perchlorate 77 Barium 38 Ammonium permanganate 78 Barium azide 39 Ammonium persulfate 79 Barium Bromide 40 Ammonium picrate 80 Barium carbonate 41 Ammonium sulfide 81 Barium chlorate 42 n-Amyl acetate, 1-Acetoxypentane (and 82 Barium chloride B-1 Table: B-1 Usting of Hazardous Chemicals Page 2 of 11 83 Barium chromate Ceresan liquid 84 Barium citrate 124 Bismuth chromate 85 Barium compounds (soluble) 125 *BOMYL, Dimethyl 3-hydroxyglutaconate 86 *Barium cyanide dimethylphosphate 87 Barium fluoride 126 *Boranes 88 Barium fluosilicate 127 *Bordeaux arsenites 89 Barium hydroxide 128 *Boron trichloride, Trichloroborane 90 Barium iodide 129 *Boron trifluoride 91 Barium manganate 130 Bromic acid 92 Barium nitrate 131 *Bromine 93 Barium oxide, Barium.monoxide 132 *Bromine pentafluoride 94 Barium perchlorate 133 *Bromine trifluoride 95 Barium permanganate 134 *Brucine, Dimethoxystrychnine 96 Barium peroxide 135 1,2,4-Butanetriol trinitrate 97 Barium phosphate 136 n-Butyl acetate, 1-Acetoxybutane (and 98 Barium stearate isomers) 99 Barium sulfide 137 n-Butyl alcohol, 1-Butanol (and isomers) 100 Barium sulfite 138 n-Butyl amine, 1-Aminobutane (and 101 Benzene isomers) 102 *Benzene hexachloride, BHC; 12,3,45,6- 139 n-Butyl formate (and isomers) Hexachlorocyclohexane 140 tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (and isomers) 103 *Benzenephosphorous dichloride 141 *n-Butyllithium (and isomers) 104 Benzene sulfonic acid 142 n-Butyl mercaptan, 1-Butanethiol (and 105 *Benzidine and salts isomers) 106 *Benzotrifluoride, Trifluoromethylbenzene 143 tent-Butyl peroxyacetate, tert-Butyl 107 *Benzoyl chloride peracetate 108 Benzoyl peroxide, Dibenzoyl peroxide 144 tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate, tert-Butyl 109 Benzyl bromide, alpha-bromotoluene perbenzoate 110 .Benzyl chloride, alpha-chlorotoluene 145 tert-Butyl peroxypivalate 111 *Benzyl chlorocarbonate, Benzyl 146 *n-ButyRrichlorosilane chloroforrnate 147 para-tert-Butyl toluene 112 *Beryllium 148 n-Butyraldehyde, n-Butanal (and isomers) 113 *Beryllium chloride 149 *Cacodylic acid, Dimethylarsinic acid 114 *Beryllium compounds 150 *Cadmium (powder) 115 *Beryllium copper 151 Cadmium chloride 116 *Beryllium fluoride 152 *Cadmium compounds 117 *Beryllium hydride 153 *Cadmium cyanide 118 *Beryllium hydroxide 154 Cadmium fluoride 119 *Beryllium oxide 155 Cadmium nitrate 120 *BIDRIB, Dicrotophos,3-(Dimethylamino)-1- 156 Cadmium oxide methyl-3-oxo-l-propenyldimethyl 157 Cadmium phosphate phosphate 158 Cadmium sulfate 121 *bis(Chloromethyl)ether, 159 *Calcium Dichloromethylether, BCME 160 *Calcium arsenate, PENSAL 122 Bismuth 161 *Calcium arsenite 123 *bis(Methylmercuric)sulfate, CEREWET, 162 *Calcium carbide B-2 Table B-1 Listing of Hazardous Chemicals Page 3 of 11 163 Calcium chlorate 198 Chromic acid, Chromium trioxide,Chromic 164 Calcium chlorite anhydride 165 Calcium fluoride 199 Chromic chloride, Chromium trichloride 166 *Calcium hydride 200 Chromic fluoride, Chromium trifluoride 167 Calcium hydroxide, Hydrated lime 201 Chromic hydroxide, Chromium hydroxide 168 *Calcium hypochlorite, Calcium 202 Chromic oxide, Chromium oxide oxychloride (dry) 203 Chromic sulfate, Chromium sulfate 169 Calcium molybdate 204 Chromium compounds 170 Calcium nitrate, Ume nitrate, Nitrocalcite 205 *Chromyl chloride, Chlorochromic 171 Calcium oxide, Ume anhydride 172 Calcium permanganate . 206 ..Cobalt (powder) 173 Calcium peroxide, Calcium dioxide 207 Cobalt compounds 174 *Calcium phosphide 208 Cobaltous bromide, Cobalt bromide 175 Calcium resinate 209 Cobaltous chloride, Cobalt chloride 176 Caprylyl peroxide, Octyl peroxide 210 Cobaltous nitrate, Cobalt nitrate 177 *Carbanolate, BANOL, 2-Chloro-4,5- 211 Cobaltous resinate, Cobalt resinate dimethylphenyl methylcarbamate 212 Cobaltous sulfate, Cobalt sulfate 178 Carbon disulfide, Carbon bisulfide 213 Cocculus, Fishberry, Picrotoxin 179 Carbon tetrachloride,Tetrachloromethane 215 *Copper acetoarsenite, Paris green 180 *Carbophenothion, TRITHION, S[[(4- 216 Copper acetylide Chlorophenyl)thio]methyl]O, O-diethyl 217 *Copper arsenate, Cupric arsenate phosphorodithioate 218 *Copper arsenite, Cupric arsenite 181 Chloral hydrate, Trichloroacetaldehyde 219 Copper chloride, Cupric chloride (hydrated) 220 Copper chlorotetrazole 182 *Chlordan; 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Octachloro-4,7- 221 Copper compounds methano3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-indane 222 *Copper cyanide 183 *Chlorfenvinphos, Compound 4072, 2- 223 Copper nitrate, Cupric nitrate Chloro-l-(2,4-dichlorophenyi)vinyidiethyl 224 Copper sulfate, Cupric sulfate, Blue vitriol phosphate 225 *Coroxon; ortho,ortho-Diethyl-ortho-(3- 184 *Chlorine chloro-4-methylcoumarin-7-ylphosphate 185 *Chlorine dioxide 226 *Coumafuryl, FUMARIN, 3-11-(2-Furanyl)3- 186 *Chlorine pentafluoride oxobutyl]1-4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2- 187 -hydroxy-2H-l-benzopyran-2- 187 *Chlorine trrfluoride one 188 *Chloroacetaldehyde 227 *Coumatetralyl, BAYER 25634, RACUMIN 189 *alpha-Chloroacetophenone, Phenyl 57, 4-Hydroxy-3-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-l- chloromethyl ketone naphthalenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one 190 *Chloroacetyl chloride 228 *Crimidine, CASTRIX, 2-Chloro-4- 191 Chlorobenzene dimethylamino-6-methylpyrimidine 192 para-Chlorobenzoyl peroxide 229 *Crotonaldehyde, 2-Butenal 193 *ortho-Chlorobenzylidene malonitrile,OCMB 230 Cumene, Isopropyl benzene 194 Chloroform 231 Cumene hydroperoxide; alpha, alpha- 195 *Chloropicrin, Chlorpicrin, Dimethylbenzyl hydroperoxide Trichloronitromethane 232 Cupriethylene diamine 196 *Chlorosulfonic acid 233 *Cyanide salts 197 Chloro-ortho-toluidine, 2-Amino-4- 234 Cyanoacetic acid, Malonic nitrile chlorotoluene 235 *Cyanogen B-3 Table B-1 Listing of Hazardous Chemicals Page 4 of 11 236 Cyanogen bromide, Bromine cyanide 1836 237 Cyanuric triazide 271 *Diethyldichlorosilane 238 Cycloheptane 272 Diethylene glycol dinitrate 239 Cyclohexane 273 Diethylene triamine 240 Cyclohexanone peroxide 274 *O,O-DiethylS-(isopropylthiomethyq 241 *Cyclohexenyftrichiorosilane phosphorodithioate 242 *Cycloheximide, ACTIDIONE 275 *Diethylzinc, Zinc ethyl 243 *Cyclohexyltrichlorosilane 276 *D fluorophosphoric acid 244 Cyclopentane . 277 *Digycidyl ether, bis(2,3-Epoxypropygether 245 Cyclopentanol 278 Diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide 246 Cyclopentene 279 Diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, Isopropyl 247 DDT; 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2- percarbonate bis(chlorophenyl)ethane 280 *Dimefox, HANANE, PENTOX 14, 248 *DDVP, Dichlorvos, VAPONA, Dimethyl Tetramethylphosphoro-diamidic fluoride dichlorovinyl phosphate 281 Dimethylamine, DMA 249 *Decaborane 282 *Dimethylaminoazobenzene, Methyl yellow 250 DECAUN, Decahydronaphthalene 283 *Dimethyldichlorosilane, 251 *Demeton, SYSTOX Dichlorodimethylsilane 252 *DemetonS-methyl sulfone, 284 2,5-Dimethylhexane-2,5-Dihydroperoxide METAISOSYSTOXSULFON, S-[2- 285 *1,1-Dimethylhydrazine, UDMH (ethylsulfonyl)ethyl]O,O-dimethyl 286 *Dimethyl sulfate, Methyl sulfate phosphorothioate 287 *Dimethyl sulfide, Methyl sulfide 253 Diazodinitrophenol, DDNP, 2-Diazo-4,6- 288 2,4-Dinitroaniline dinitrobenzene-1-oxide 289 *Dinitribenzene (ortho, meta, para) 254 *Diborane, Diboron hexahydride 290 Dinitrochlorobenzene, 1-Chloro-2,4- 255 *1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane, DBCP, dinitrobenzene FUMAZONE, NEMAGON 291 *4,6-Dinitro-ortho-cresol, DNPC, SINOX, 256 n-Dibutyl ether, Butyl ether (and isomers) EGETOL 30 257 Dichlorobenzene (ortho, meta, para) 292 *Dinitrophenol (2,3-; 2,4-; 2,6- isomers) 258 *3,3-Dichlorobenzidine and salts, DCB 293. 2.4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine 259 1,2-Dichloroethylene; 1,2-Dichioroethene 294 Dinitrotoluene (2,4-; 3,4-; 3,5- isomers) 260 Dichloroethyl ether, Dichloroether 295 *DINOSEB; 2,4-Dinitro-6-sec-butylphenol 261 Dichloroisocyanuric acid, Dichloro-S- 296 1,4-Dioxane; 1,4-Diethylene dioxide triazine-2,4,6-trione 297 *Dioxathion, DELNAV; S,S-1,4-dioxane-2,3- 262 Dichloromethane, Methylene chloride diyl-bis(O,O-diethyl phosphorodithioate) 263 *2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; 2,4-D 298 Dipentaerythritol hexanitrate 264 1,2-Dichloropropane, Propylene dichloride .299 *Diphenyl, Biphenyl, Phenylbenzene 265 1,3-Dichloropropylene;1,3-Dichloropropene 300 Diphenylamine, DPA, N-Phenylaniline 266 Dicumyl peroxide .301 *Diphenylaminechloroarsine,Phenarsazine 267 *Dieldrin; 1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-6,7- chloride epoxy-1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,4- 302 *Diphenyldichlorosilane endo,exo-5,8-dimethanonaphthalene 303 Dipicrylamine, Hexanitrodiphenyl amine 268 *Diethylaluminum chloride, Aluminum 304 Dipropyl ether diethyl monochloride, DEAC 305 *Disulfoton, DISYSTON; O,O-Diethyl S-[2- 269 Diethylamine (ethylthio)ethyl)phosphorodithioate 270 *Diethyl chlorovinyl phosphate, Compound 306 *Dodecyltrichlorosilane B-4 Table B-1 Listing of Hazardous Chemicals Page 5 of 11 307 *DOWCO-139, ZECTRAN, Mexacarbate, 4- 0,0,-Diethyl-O-[4-(methylsuffinyl)phenyl] (Dimethylamino)-3,5-dimethylphenyl phosphorothioate methyicarbamate 341 *Ferric arsenate 309 *DYFONATE, Fonofos, O-Ethyl-S- 342 Ferric chloride, Iron (III) chloride phenylethyl phosphonodithioate 343 *Ferrous arsenate, Iron arsenate 310 *Endosutfan, THIODAN; 6,7,8,9,10,10- 344 *Fluoboric acid, Fluoroboric acid Hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9- 345 Fluoride salts methano-2,4,3-benzo-dioxatpin-3-oxide 346 *Fluorine 311 *Endothal,7-Oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3- 347 *Fluoroacetanilide, AFL 1082 dicarboxylic acid 348 *Fluoroacetic acid and salts, Compound 312 *Endothion, EXOTHION, S-[(S-Methoxy-4. 1080 oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)-methyl]O,O-dimethyl 349 *Fluorosulfonic acid, Fluosulfonic acid phosphorothioate 350 Formaldehyde, Methanal 313 *Endrin; 1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-6,7- 351 Formic acid, Methanoic acid epoxy-1,4,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,4- 352 Fulminate of mercury, Mercuric cyanate endo-endo-5,B-dimethanonaphthalene 353 *FURADAN, NIA 10,242, Carbofuran; 2,3- 314 Epichlorohydrin, Chloropropylene oxide Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl- 315 *EPN; O-Ethyl O-para-nitrophenyl methylcarbamate phenylphosphonothioate 354 Furan, Furfuran 316 *Ethion,NIALATE;O,O,O',O'Tetraethyl-S,S- 355 Gasoline methylenediphos-phorodithioate 356 *GB, 0-Isopropyl methyl phosphoryl 317 Ethyl acetate fluoride 318 Ethyl alcohol, Ethanol 357 Glutaraldehyde 319 Ethylamine, Aminoethane 358 Glycerolmonolactate trinitrate 320 Ethylbenzene, Phenylethane 359 Glycol dinitrate, Ethylene glycol dinitrate 321 Ethyl butyrate, Ethyl butanoate 360 Gold fulminate, Gold cyanate 322 Ethyl chloride, Chloroethane 361 Guanidine nitrate 323 *Ethyl chloroformate, Ethyl chlorocarbonate 362 Guanyl nitrosaminoguanylidene hydrazine 324 *Ethyldichloroarsine, Dichloroethylarsine 363 *Guthion; O,O-Dimethyl-S-"xo-1,2,3- 325 *Ethyldichforosilane benzotriazin-3(4H)-ylmethyl 326 *Ethylene cyanohydrin, beta- phosphorod thioate Hydroxypropionitrile 364 Hafnium 327 Ethylene diamine 365 *Heptachlor; 1,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro- 328 Ethylene dibromide; 1,2-Dibromoethane 3a;4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindene 329 Ethylene dichloride; 1,2-Dichloroethane 366 n-Heptane (and isomers) 330 *Ethyleneimine; Aziridine, EI 367 1-Heptene (and isomers) 331 Ethylene oxide, Epoxyethane 368 *Hexadecyftrichlorosilane 332 Ethyl ether, Diethyl ether 369 Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, HETP 333 Ethyl formate 370 Hexafluorophosphoric acid 334 *Ethyl mercaptan, Ethanethiol 371 Hexamethylenediamine;1,6-Diaminohexane 335 Ethyl nitrate 372 n-Hexane (and isomers) 336 Ethyl nitrite 373 1-Hexene (and isomers) 337 *Ethylphenyfdichlorosilane 374 n-Hexylamine, 1-Aminohexane (and 338 Ethyl propionate isomers) 339 *Ethyftrichlorosilane 375 *Hexyftrichlorosilane 340 *Fensuffothion, BAYER 25141, DASANIT, 376 *Hydrazine, Diamine B-5 Table B-1 Listing of Hazardous Chemicals Page 6 of 11 377 Hydrazine azide 419 *Lewisite, beta-Chlorovinyldichloroarsine 378 Hydrazoic acid, Hydrogen azide 420 *Lithium 379 *Hydriodic acid, Hydrogen iodide 421 *Lithium aluminum hydride, LAH 380 *Hydrobromic acid, Hydrogen bromide 422 *Lithium amide 381 *Hydrochloric acid, Hydrogen chloride, 423 *Lithium ferrosilicon Muriatic acid 424 *Lithium hydride 382 *Hydrocyanic acid, Hydrogen cyanide 425 *Lithium hypochlorite 383 *Hydrofluoric acid, Hydrogen fluoride 426 Lithium peroxide 384 Hydrofluosilicic acid, Fluosilicic acid 427 Lithium silicon 385 Hydrogen peroxide 428 *London purple, Mixture of arsenic trioxide, 386 *Hydrogen selenide aniline, lime, and ferrous oxide 387 *Hydrogen sulfide 429 *Magnesium 388 *Hypochlorke compounds 430 *Magnesium arsenate 389 Indium 431 *Magnesium arsenite 390 Indium compounds 432 Magnesium chlorate 391 Iodine monochloride 433 Magnesium nitrate 392 Isooctane; 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 434 Magnesium perchlorate 393 Isooctene (mixture of isomers) 435 Magnesium peroxide, Magnesium dioxide 394 Isopentane, 2-Methylbutane 436 *Maleic anhydride 395 Isoprene, 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene 437 Manganese (powder) 396 Isopropanol, Isopropyl alcohol, 438 Manganese.acetate 2-Propanol 439 *Manganese arsenate, Manganous 397 Isopropyl acetate arsenate 399 Isopropylamine, 2-Aminopropane 440 Manganese bromide, Manganous bromide 400 Isopropyl chloride, 2-Chloropropane 441 Manganese chloride, Manganous chloride 401 Isopropyl ether, Diisopropyl ether 442 Manganese methylcyclopentadienyl 402 Isopropyl mercaptan, 2-Propanethiol tricarbonyl 404*meta-Isopropylphenyl-N-methylcarbamate, 443 Manganese nitrate, Manganous nitrate Ac 5,727 444 Mannitol hexanitrate, Nitromannite 405A*Kepone;1,la,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6-Decachloro- 445 *MECARBAM; O,O-Diethyl S-(N-ethoxy- octahydro-1,2,4-metheno-2H-cyclobuta- carbonyl N-methyl carbamoyl-methyl) (cd)pentalen-2-one, Chlorecone phosphorodithioate 4058 Lauroyl peroxide, Di-n-dodecyl peroxide 446 *Medinoterb acetate, 2-tert-Butyl-5-methyl- 406 Lead compounds 4,6-dinitrophenyl acetate 407 Lead acetate 447 para-Menthane hydroperoxide, Para- 408 *Lead arsenate, Lead orthoarsenate menthane hydroperoxide 409 *Lead arsenite 448 Mercuric acetate, Mercury acetate 410 Lead azide 449 Mercuric ammonium chloride, Mercury 411 Lead carbonate ammonium chloride 412 Lead chlorite 450 Mercuric benzoate, Mercury benzoate 413 *Lead cyanide 451 Mercuric bromide, Mercury bromide 414 Lead 2,4-dinitroresorcinate 452 *Mercuric chloride, Mercury chloride 415 Lead mononitroresorcinate 453 *Mercuric cyanide, Mercury cyanide 416 Lead nitrate 454 Mercuric iodide, Mercury iodide 417 Lead oxide 455 Mercuric nitrate, Mercury nitrate 418 Lead sryphnate, Lead trinitroresorcinate 456 Mercuric oleate, Mercury oleate B-6 Table B-1 Listing of Hazardous Chemicals Page 7 of 11 457 Mercuric oxide (red and yellow) 496 *Methyldichlorosilane 458 Mercuric oxycyanide 497 *4,4-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline), MOCA 459 Mercuric-potassium iodide, Mayer's 498 Methyl ethyl ether reagent 499 Methyl ethyl ketone, 2-Butanone 460 Mercuric salicylate, Salicylated mercury 500 Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide 461 Mercuric subsuffate, Mercuric dioxysuffate 501 Methyl formate 462 Mercuric sulfate, Mercury sulfate 502 *Methyl hydrazine, Monomethyl hydrazine, 463 Mercuric thiocyanide, Mercury thiocyanate MMH 464 Mercurol, Mercury nucleate 503 *Methyl isocyanate 465 Mercurous bromide 504 Methyl isopropenyl ketone, 3-Methyl-3- 466 Mercurous gluconate butene-2-one 467 Mercurous iodide 505 *Methylmagnesium bromide 468 Mercurous nitrate 506 *Methylmagnesium chloride 469 Mercurous oxide 507 *Methylmagnesium iodide 470 Mercurous sulfate, Mercury bisulfate 508 Methyl mercaptan, Methanethiol 472 *Mercury 509 Methyl methacrylate (monomer) 473 *Mercury compounds 510 *Methyl parathion; O,O-Dimethyl-0-para- 474 Metal carbonyls nitrophenylphosphorothioate 475 *Metal hydrides 511 Methyl propionate 476 Metal powders 512 *Methyttrichlorosilane 477A*Methomyl,LANNATE,S-Methyl-N-((methyl- 513 Methyl valerate, Methyl pentanoate (and carbamoyl)oxy)thioacetimidate isomers) 477B *Methoxychlor, 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(p- 514 Methyl vinyl ketone, 3-Butene-2-one methoxyphenyl)ethane, CHEMFLORM, 515A*Mevinphos,PHOSDRIN,2-Carbomethoxy- MARLATE 1-methylvinyl dimethyl phosphate 478 *Methoxyethylmercuric chloride,AGALLOL, 515B *Mirex; 1,1a,2,2,3,3a,4,5,5,5a,5b,6- ARETAN Dodecachlorooctahydro-1,3,4-metheno- 479 Methyl acetate 1 H-cyclobuta(cd) pentalene, Dechlorane 480 Methyl acetone(Mixture of acetone, methyl 516 *MOCAP, O-Ethyl-S,S-dipropyl acetate, and methyl alcohol) Phosphorodithioate 481 Methyl alcohol, methanol 517 Molybdenum (powder) 482 *Methylaluminum sesquibromide 518 Molybdenum trioxide, Molybdenum 483 *Methylaluminum sesquichloride anhydride 484 Methylamine, Aminomethane 519 Molybdic acid and sags 485 N-Methylaniline 520 Monochloroacetic acid, Chloracetic acid, 486 *Methyl bromide, Bromomethane MCA 487 2-Methyl-1-butene 521 Monochloroacetone, Chloroacetone, 1- 488 3-Methyl-l-butene Chloro-2-propanone 489 Methyl butyl ether (and isomers) 522 Monofluorophosphoric acid 490 Methyl butyrate (and isomers) 523 Naphtha (of petroleum or coal tar origin), 491 Methyl chloride, Chloromethane Petroleum ether, Petroleum naphtha 492 *Methyl chloroformate, Methyl chloro- 524 Naphthalene carbonate 525 *alpha-Naphthylamine, 1-NA 493 *Methyl chloromethyl ether, CMME 526 *beta-Naphthylamine, 2-NA 494 Methylcyclohexane 527 Neohexane, 2,2-Dimethylbutane 495 *Methyldichloroarsine 528 Nickel (powder) B-7 Table: B-1 Listing of Hazardous Chemicals Page 8 of 11 529 Nickel acetate phosphorothioate 530 Nickel antimonide 570A *Pentaborane 531 *Nickel arsenate, Nickelous arsenate 5708 Pentachlorophenol, PCP, DOWICIDE 7 532 *Nickel carbonyl, Nickel tetracarbonyl . 571 Pentaerythrite tetranitrate, Pentaerythritol 533 Nickel chloride, Nickelous chloride tetranitrate 534 *Nickel cyanide 572 n-Pentane (arid isomers) 535 Nickel nitrate, Nickelous nitrate 573 2-Pentanone, Methyl propyl ketone (and 536 Nickel selenide isomers) 537 Nickel sulfate 574 Peracetic acid, Peroxyacetic acid 538 Nicotine, beta-pyridyl-alpha-N-methyl 575 Perchloric acid pyrrolidine 576 Perchloroethylene, Tetrachloroethylene 539 Nicotine salts 577 *Perchloromethyl mercaptan, Trichloro- 540 Nitric acid methylsulfenyl chloride 541 Nitroaniline, Nitraniline (ortho, meta, para) 578 Perchloryl fluoride 542 *Nitrobenzol, Nitrobenzene 580 Phenol, Carbolic acid 543 *4-Nitrobiphenyl, 4-NBP 581 *Phenyldichloroarsine 544 Nitro carbo nitrate 582 *Phenylenediamine, Diaminobenzene 545 Nitrocellulose, Cellulose nitrate,Guncotton, (ortho, meta, para) Pyroxylin, Collodion, pyroxylin (nitro- 583 Phenylhydrazine hydrochloride cellulose) in ether and alcohol 584 *Phenylphenol, Onhozenol, DOWICIDE 1 546 Nitrochlorobenzene, Chlomitrobenzene 585 *Phenyitrichlorosilane (ortho, meta, para) 586 *Phorate, THIMET; O,O-Diethyl-S-[(Ethyl- 547 Nitrogen mustard thio)methyl]phosphorodithioate 548 Nitrogen tetroxide, Nitrogen dioxide 587 *Phosfolan, CYOLAN, 2-(Diethoxy- 549 Nitroglycerin, Trinitroglycerin phosphinylimino)-1,3-dithiolane 550 Nitrohydrochloric acid, Aqua regia 588 *Phosgene, Carbonyl chloride 551 *Nitrophenol (ortho, meta, para) 589 *Phosphamidon, DIMECRON, 2-Chloro-2- 552 *N-Nitrosodimethylamine, Dimethyl diethylcarbamoyl-1-methyNinyl dimethyl nitrosoamine phosphate 553 Nitrosoguanidine 590 *Phosphine, Hydrogen phosphide 554 Nitrostarch, Starch nitrate 591 Phosphoric acid 555 Nitroxylol, Nitroxylene, Dimethyl- 592 Phosphoric anhydride, Phosphorus nitrobenzene (2,4-; 3,4-;, 2,5- isomers) pentoxide 556 1-Nonene, 1-Nonylene (and isomers) 593 Phosphorus (amorphous, red) 557 *Nonyltrichlorosilane 594 *Phosphorus (red or yellow) 558 *Octadecyltrichlorosilane 595 *Phosphorus oxybromide, Phosphoryl 559 n-Octane (and isomers) bromide 560 1-Octene, 1-Caprylene 596 *Phosphorus oxychloride, Phosphoryl 561 *OctyRrichlorosilane chloride 563 *Oleum, Fuming sulfuric acid 597 *Phosphorus pentachloride, Phosphoric 565 Osmium compounds chloride 566 Oxalic acid 598 *Phosphorus pentasuifide, Phosphoric 567 *Oxygen difluoride sulfide 568 *Para-oxon, MINTACOL; O,O-Diethyl-O- 599 *Phosphorus sesquisulfide, Tetra- para-nitrophenylphosphate phosphorus trisulfide 569 *Parathion;O,O-Diethyl-0-para-nitrophenyl 600 *Phosphorus tribromide B-8 Table B-1 Listing of Hazardous Chemicals Page 9 of 11 601 *Phosphorus trichloride 641 *Prothoate, FOSTION, FAC; O,O-DiethylS- 602 Picramide, Trinitroaniline carboethoxyethyl phosphorodithioate 603 Picric acid, Trinitriphenol 642 Pyridine 604 Picryl chloride, 2-Chloro-1,3,54rinitro- 643 *Pyrosulfuryl chloride, Disulfuryl chloride benzene 644 *Quinone; 1,4-Benzoquinone 605 *Platinum compounds 645 Raney nickel 606 *Polychlorinated biphenyls,PCB,Askarel, 646 *Schradan, Octamethyl pyrophosphor- AROCLOR, CHLOREXTOL, INERTEEN, amide, OMPA PYRANOL 647A *Selenium 607 Polyvinyl nitrate 6476 *Selenium compounds 608 POTASAN; O,O-Diethyl-O-(4-methyl- 648 *Selenium fluoride umbelliferone)phosphorothioate 649 *Selenous acid, Selenious acid and salts 609 *Potassium 650 *Silicon tetrachloride, Silicon chloride 610 *Potassium arsenate 651 *Silver acetylide 611 *Potassium arsenate 652 Silver azide 612 *Potassium bifluoride, Potassium acid 653 Sliver compounds fluoride 654 Silver nitrate 613 Potassium binoxalate, Potassium acid 655 Silver styphnate, Silver trinitroresorcinate oxalate 656 Silver tetrazene 614 Potassium bromate 657 *Sodium 615 *Potassium cyanide 658 Sodium aluminate 616 Potassium dichloroisocyanurate 659 *Sodium aluminum hydride 617 Potassium dichromate, Potassium 660 *Sodium amide, Sodamide bichromate 661 *Sodium arsenate 619 Potassium fluoride 662 *Sodium arsenate 620 *Potassium hydride 663 Sodium azide 621 Potassium hydroxide, Caustic potash 664 *Sodium bifluoride, Sodium acid fluoride 622 Potassium nitrate, Saltpeter 665 Sodium bromate 623 Potassium nitrite 666 *Sodium cacodylate, Sodium dimethyl 624 Potassium oxalate arsenate 625 Potassium perchlorate 667 Sodium carbonate peroxide 626 Potassium permanganate 668 Sodium chlorate 627 Potassium peroxide 669 Sodium chlorite 628 Potassium sulfide 670 Sodium chromate 629 *Propargyl bromide, 3-Bromo-l-propyne 671 *Sodium cyanide 630 -beta-Propiolactone, BPL 672 Sodium dichloroisocyanurate 631 Propionaldehyde, Propanal 673 Sodium dichromate, Sodium bichromate 632 Propionic acid, Propanoic acid 674 Sodium fluoride 633 n-Propyl acetate 675 *Sodium hydride 634 n-Propyl alcohol, 1-Propanol 676 Sodium hydrosulfite, Sodium hyposulfite 635 n-Propylamine (and isomers) 677 Sodium hydroxide, Caustic soda, Lye 636 *Propyleneimine, 2-Methylaziridine 678 *Sodium hypochlorite 637 Propylene oxide 679 *Sodium methylate, Sodium methoxide 638 n-Propyl formate 680 Sodium molybdate 639 n-Propyl mercaptan, 1-Propanethiol 681 Sodium nitrate, Soda niter 640 *n-Propykrichlorosilane 682 Sodium nitrite B-9 i Table B-1 Listing of Hazardous Chemicals Page 10 of 11 683 Sodium oxide, Sodium monoxide 719A Tetrahydrofuran, THF 684 Sodium perchlorate 719B Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, Memtetra- 685 Sodium permanganate hydrophthalic anhydride 686 *Sodium peroxide 720 TETRAUN, Tetrahydronaphthalene 687 Sodium picramate 721 Tetramethyl lead, TML 688 *Sodium potassium alloy, NaK, Nack 722 *Tetramethyl succinonitrile 689 *Sodium selenate 723 *Tetranitromethane 690 Sodium sulfide, Sodium hydrosulfide 724 *Tetrasul, ANIMERT V-101, S-para-Chloro- 691 Sodium thiocyanate, Sodium suffocyanate phenyl-2,4,5-trichlorophenyl sulfide 692 Stannic chloride, Tin tetrachloride 725 Tetrazene, 4-Amidino-1-(nitrosamino- 693 *Strontium arsenate amidino)-1-tetrazene 694 Strontium nitrate 726 *Thallium 695 Strontium peroxide, Strontium dioxide 727 *Thallium compounds 696 *Strychnine and salts 728 *Thallous sulfate, Thallium sulfate, RATOX 697 Styrene, Vinylbenzene 729 *Thiocarbonylchloride, Thiophosgene 698 Succinic acid peroxide 730 *Thionazin, ZINOPHOS; )j-Tetramethyl- 699 Sulfide sags (soluble) thiuram monosulfide 700 *Sulfotepp, DITHIONE, BLADAFUM, Tetra- 731 *Thionyl chloride, Sulfur oxychloride ethyl dithiopyrophosphate, TEDP 732 *Thiophosphoryl chloride 701 *Sulfur chloride, Sulfur monochloride 733 Thorium (powder) 702 *Sulfur mustard 734 Tin compounds (organic) 703 *Sulfur pentachloride 735 Titanium (powder) 704 Sulfur trioxide, Sulfuric anhydride 736 Titanium sulfate 705 Sulfuric acid, Oil of vitriol, Battery acid 737 *Titanium tetrachloride, Titanic chloride 706 Sulfurous acid 738 Toluene, Methylbenzene 707 *Sulfuryl chloride, Sulfonyl chloride 739 *Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, TDI 708 *Suffuryl fluoride, Sulfonyl fluoride 740A Toluidine, Aminotoluene (ortho, meta, 709 *SUPRACIDE, ULTRACIDE, S-((5-Methoxy- para) 2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3(2H)-yl)methyl]- 740B *Toxaphene, Poychlorocamphene 0,0-dimethyl phosphorodithioate 741 *TRANID, exo-3-Chloro-endo-6-cyano-2- 710 *SURECIDE, Cyanophenphos, O-para- norbomanone-)-(methylcarbamoyQoxime Cyanophenyl-O-ethyl phenyl phosphono- 743 1,1,2-Trichloroethane thioate 744 Tilehloroethylene, Trichloroethene 711 *Tellurium hexafluoride 745 Trichloroisocyanuric acid 712 *TELODRIN, Isobenzan; 1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8- 746 *2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid Octachloro-1,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-4,7- 747 *Trichlorosilane, Silicochloroform methanoisobenzofuran 748 Trimethylamine, TMA 713 *TEMIK, Aldicarb, 2-Methyl-2(methyfthio)- 749 Trinitroanisole,2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl methyl propionaidehyde-O-(methylcabamoyl)- ether oxime 750 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene 714 *2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin, 751 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzoic acid TCDD, Dioxin 752 Trinitronaphthalene, Naphtite 715 sym-Tetrachloroethane 753 2,4,6-Trinitroresorcinol, Styphnic acid 717 *Tetraethyl Lead, TEL (and other organic 754 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene, TNT lead) 755 *tris(1-Aziridinyl)phosphine oxide, Tri- 718 *Tetraethyl pyrophosphate, TEPP ethylenephosphoramide, TEPA B-10 Table B-1 Listing of Hazardous Chemicals Page 11 of 11 756 Tungstic acid and salts 775 *WEPSYN 155, WP 155, Tri- 757 Turpentine amiphos, para-(5-Amino-3-phenyl- 758 Uranyl nitrate, Uranium nitrate 1 H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)N,N,N',N'- 759 Urea nitrate tetramethyl phosphonic diamide 760 n-Valeraldehyde, n-Pentanal (and 776 Xylene, Dimethylbenzene (ortho, isomers) meta, para). 761 Vanadic acid sags 777 Zinc (powder) 762 Vanadium oxytrichloride 778 Zinc ammonium nitrate 763 *Vanadium pentoxide, Vanadic acid 779 *Zinc arsenate anhydride 780 *Zinc arsenite 764 Vanadium tetrachloride 781 Zinc chloride 765 Vanadium tetraoxide 782 Zinc compounds 766 Vanadium trioxide, Vanadium 783 *Zinc cyanide sesquioxide 784 Zinc nitrate 767 Vanadyl sulfate, Vanadium sulfate 785 Zinc permanganate 768 Vinyl acetate 786 Zinc peroxide, Zinc dioxide 769 *Vinyl chloride 787 *Zinc phosphide 770 Vinyl ethyl ether 788 Zinc sulfate 771 Vinylidine chloride, VC 789 Zirconium (powder) 772 Vinyl isopropyl ether 790 *Zirconium chloride, Zirconium 773 *Vinyltrichlorosilane tetrachloride 774 VX, O-Ethyl methyl phosphoryl N,N- 791 Zirconium picramate diisopropyl thiocholine a Current as of date of publication Table based from 22 CCR Article 9, Section 66680 * denotes an extremely hazardous waste Trademark names are capitalized Some chemicals commonly used by cities appear in bold Numbers preceding chemical names are for sequential (alphabetical) reference only. They do not represent waste numbers or waste codes or are in any way associated with the chemical name other than the order in which it appears in this table. Numbers are omitted where chemicals have been removed from this list in the past. "A" and "B" numbers appear (for example, 740A and 7408) where a chemical has been inserted (added) to the list. B-11 Table B-2 Listing of Common Chemical Names or Categories Acetylene sludge Mine tailings* Acid and water Obsolete explosives Acid sludge Oil and water AFU Floc Oil ash Alkaline caustic liquids Paint (or varnish) remover or stripper Alkaline cleaner Paint thinner Alkaline corrosive battery fluid Paint waste (or slops Alkaline corrosive liquids Pickling liquor Asbestos waste Pigments* Ashes Plating waste Bag house wastes* Printing ink* Battery acid Retrograde explosives Beryllium waste Sludge acid Bilge water Soda ash Boiler cleaning waste Solvents Bunker oil Spent acid Catalyst* Spent caustic Caustic sludge Spent (or waste) cyanide solutions Caustic wastewater Spent mixed acid Chemical cleaners* Spent plating solution Chemical toilet waste* Spent sulfuric acid Cleaning solvents Stripping solution Corrosion inhibitor Sulfonation oil Data processing fluid Tank bottom sediment* Drilling fluids* Tank cleaning sludges* Drilling mud* Tanning sludges Dves" Toxic chemical toilet waste Etching acid liquid or solvent Unrinsed pesticide containers Fly ash Unwanted or waste pesticides-an Fuel waste unusable portion of active ingredient Insecticides or undiluted formulation Laboratory waste* Waste chemicals* Lime and sulfur sludge Waste expoxides* Lime and water Waste (or slop) oil Limq sludge Weed killer Lime wastewater Liquid cement* Liquid cleaning compounds* *Denotes the common name of a waste which would be considered hazardous if it contains a hazardous material. L.A032245\WM\610 058.51 B-12 Appendix C STATE HAZARDOUS WASTE CODES y � c �X 3 H H .S Z N � C •C G y 'r ca � 3 a a C\ j ca c_ c c _ C N y r s t .a r ea u - �- S cep S g S o cr— v, N � � �p Ln 00C14 C9 c E v^ 3 U E c v n ` "c c a � °00 ee ea •— � c � v AJ E E E E z 00 C,4 h Al E H Al E 7 5 r- 5 �i _ U N U 7 d � L v Al N m 4. c E N 3 -ter u Ecc c O J Z t Z t V 7 � C •7 @ .� U :J _S _S Sr 7 G V � pQ C-1 i M s.. G w w G � •3_ :i - s C � G N ? s 00 as ' '� � i •G ��" ,G w s W m O n ►- J N s a� Gy .•min G d w �" ^y .� s to N N N on i h GC 60 eG to A — � .�. w h r 6J .`n► G G ". `� C •D ja ee to ma N N, N N ts N v� N y N C-2 �►s 0 a d t V. �v' y J E CO y 'O •�, t4 T. it � � h � "� � � �d =� o m 'E N m a c •r � c a 3 e .y :a co y G ��„ pp •�-• � .vim. ✓� � .; is G 6 p 9 U v. C) on W "3 47 G On V A � � � i6 V: •`�' in y � V rte.. 6�i .O ,L C saG O W Ca A Q O+ C6 kn � d C,4 ry C-3 Appendix D Example: CITY OF ANAHEIM IMPLEMENTATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION PROGRAM Appendix D Example of Implementing a Hazardous Waste Reduction Program In July 1989, the City of Anaheim (City) began the a.Each department representative was contacted by development of an Internal hazardous waste reduction phone and the program elements specific to their program through a grant from the California Environ- operations were discussed.At that time,an appoint- mental Protection Agency.Anaheim designed this as a ment was made for the facility/process assessment. demonstration project to develop a model program that could be used by other California cities to assist them in b.A follow-up letter was sent to the department rep- their efforts in reducing hazardous waste generated by resentative confirming the assessment and describing typical city departments. the assessment process.A copy of the confirmation letter is provided as Attachment No.4. This section details the approach Anaheim took as the City developed the step-by-step procedures outlined in 3.Employee A wards Program this guidebook.A flow-chart,provided as Attachment No. 1,summarizes the section described below. In an effort to involve the City employees in the waste reduction process,an employee incentive program was 1. Introducing the Program implemented.This program was administered through an existing employee incentive program. Described The City of Anaheim felt the success of this type of below are the steps taken in initiating the awards pro- project was dependent on the cooperation and commit- gam: ment exhibited by all levels of City personnel-from the administrators to the field employees of the-many a.Requested and received approval from City manage- diverse departments within the City.Therefore,the first ment to implement the awards program.An attach- step was to gain management support and commitment ment of the approval request correspondence is pro- for the program.The following are the activities thattook vided as Attachment No.S. place during the program development: b.Requested support from local businesses to contrib- a.Discussions with City management regarding the key ute gifts/donations as incentives for employee in- components of the program and the benefit the City volvement.Attachment No.6 is a copy of the letter would experience as a result of hazardous waste sent to a local business. reduction.These discussions gave us an opportunity to gain top-level management support for the pro- c.Developed a flyer,Attachment No.7.and distributed 8rain• it to City employees by inserting it into the City Newsletter and placing it on department bulletin b.Presentation of proposed waste reduction program to boards. theExecudveSafety Committee.The Executive Safety Committee includesmanagementrepresentatives from d.Developed an award selection criteria, Attachment each department;therefore,each department had the No. 8,and included the following City staff as the opportunity to become involved in the project. selection committee: c.Letter from the City Manager to all department heads - Environmental Service Staff describing the program and inviting their participa- tion.A copy of the letter is provided as Attachment - Deputy Fire Marshall-Hazardous Materials No.2. • Safety Administrator d.Press releases were sent out to the local papers and the American Public Power Association to inform the e.Once award selections were made, certificates and community of the program. A copy of one of the prizes were,presented to the recipients at a luncheon releases is provided as Attachment No.3. in their honor.An example of the certificate is pro- vided as Attachment No.9. Z. Initiating the Assessment Process 4. Waste Minimization Board Each department head reviewed the program elements and assigned a representative as the point of contact for During the project, the City established a waste the project The following activities continued the process: minimzation workgroup. The primary objectives of D-I establishing this workgroup were: ardous waste management procedures,chemical pur- chasing procedures,and disposal practices. a.Evaluate the feasibility of substituting less hazardous or nonhazardous materials for the hazardous mmeri- Facility walk-through.During the walk-through all als being used. chemicals/processes were listed,the general appear- ance of the work area was noted, and the waste b.Evaluate existing processes that generate hazardous management procedures were reviewed.A sample is wastes and attempt to identify alternative processes provided in Attachment No. 11 questionnaire. that may reduce or eliminate the generation of haz- ardous wastes. Compiling data.All information gathered during the assessment process was input into a data base for c.Develop a program to evaluate chemicals prior to easier organization. An example of the data base is purchase. shown as Attachment No. 12. The workgroup involved representatives from the de- A list of the types of materials and processes reviewed partments that frequently use chemicals as well as during the facility/process assessments in Anaheim is purchasing,safety,and environmental staff.A copy of provided in the Guidebook,Chapter 6,Section 6.4. the letter sent to each department is provided as Attach- ment No. 10. 6.Evaluating Waste Streams for Waste Reduction Potential Each department was given an information sheet to complete on the chemicals used in their operations. Once all the available waste data were gathered, the When completed, the sheets were returned with the checklists for evaluating waste induction potential were materials safety data sheets so that chemicals and pro- developed. The checklists provided a systematic ap- cesses could be evaluated by the workgroup and waste proach to evaluating the materials and processes in use reduction opportunities discussed. on City operations. The response to the establishment of the workgroup Attachment 13 provides an example on how the check- was not as favorable as expected Many departments lists were used to evaluate one Anaheim waste stream. found it too time-consuming to complete the forms acrd provide the MSDSs for the chemicals.In retrospect,this 7. Implementation Plan function may have been better facilitated by just using the foram of the Executive Safety Committee,which is Once the checklists were completed,an implementa- made up of City department heads. tion plan that offered waste reduction potential was developed.The waste streams were consolidated into a S.Facility/Process Assessments format that allowed us to track the progress of the waste reduction approach. The facility/process assessment gave us an opportunity to discuss specific City operations and identify waite The Source Reduction Summary Checklist, Attach- generating processes. During the assessment we de- ment 14,was used to develop the implementation plan. cided that it may be helpful in the development of the The implementation planforoneAnaheim wastestream guidebook to provide information on what a hazardous is provided in Attachment 15. waste is and hazardous waste storage requirements.We found that the level of awareness differed in each 8.Project Summary department- In fact, many departments had initiated many waste reduction techniques without realizing it. During the development process of this Guidebook and They had made changes and/or substitutions for safety Anaheim's Waste Reduction Program,many important reasons or to comply with other regulatory measures. things were learned about City operations and manage- The assessment process involved the following: ment structure. • Opening conference with both the management The most important elements-ensuring that you have and technical stag This gave us an opportunity ito a strong management commitment,involving each de- talk about the department operations,existing ha►.- partment, and developing a "user-friendly" program, D-2 have been emphasized throughout the Guidebook. 'Ilse City is planning on continuing the process of evaluating materials and processes for waste reduction potential.In addition,the Utrlizies Department plans on trying a Ha=dous Material Purchase Management Program(HM PMP)in the future. In summary,the project was a great tool in developing a new environmental awareness throughout the City,as well as providing City employees with education on the important role they play in environmental protection and pollution prevention. D-3 ATIACEIMENT #1 HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION PROGRAM HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION PROGRAM OVERVIEW SUBMITTED TO THE CITY MANAGER'S OFI'ICE FOR REVIEW I CITY MANAGER PROVIDES EXECUTIVE SAFETY COMMITTEE (ESC) PROGRAM OVERVIEW AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN AND REQUESTS THAT ESC MEMBERS REVIEW OVERVIEW AND PLAN FOR DISCUSSION AT NEXT ESC MEETING. 1 OVERVIEW AND PLAN PRESENTED TO AND PRESS RELEASES DISCUSSED WITH ESC. FINAL PLAN SENT OUT. DEVELOPED AND APPROVED LEITER SENT TO DEPARTMENT HEADS 1 EMPLOYEE ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION (ESD) AWARDS PROGRAM do CONTACTS CITY DEPARTMENTS TO WASTE MINIMIZATION SCHEDULE ASSESSMENTS. BOARD INITIATED ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES CONDUCTS FACILITY/PROCESS ASSESSMENTS. DATABASE OF CHEMCIALS AND PROCESSES DEVELOPED WASTE STREAMS EVALUATED FOR WASTE REDUCTION POTENIAL USING CHECKLISTS DEVELOPED 1 DEVELOP IMPLEMENTATION PLAN AND TRACK PROGRESS OF WASTE REDUCTION APPROACHES D-4 ATTACHMENT #2 MEMORANDUM CITY OF ANAHEIM DATE: TO: DEPARTMENT HEADS FROM: CITY MANAGER SUBJECT: HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION PROGRAM The City has initiated an Hazardous Waste Reduction Program that will be administered by staff of the Utilities Environmental Services Division. By implementing a Hazardous Waste Reduction program the City can minimize employee exposure to hazardous materials; reduce offsite disposal costs; and decrease long-term liability. The goal of the program is to evaluate current materials and process for the potential for reducing the types and volumes of hazardous wastes being generate. Environmental Services staff will be gathering information on your Department's individual operations that generate hazardous waste by conducting facility/process assessments. Below is a brief summary of the assessment process: 1. Opening conference, which includes an overview of the Program and a discussion of the types of operations to be viewed. 2. Facility tour of department operations that use chemicals and generate hazardous waste. 3. Interviews with department personnel involved in hazardous waste management. 4. Review of chemical purchase procedures. 5. Review of hazardous waste disposal records. The time required to perform the assessment will vary depending upon the size and number of facilities and the type of operations conducted. D-5 ATTACHMENT #2 In order to perform the facility assessments it will be necessary for the Environmental Services staff to review specific environmental records. These records are listed in Attachment A. Please have the records applicable to your operations available to the Assessment Team at the opening conference. The facility assessments will be scheduled with each department for the month of November. I look forward to making the Hazardous Waste Management Program a great success for the City and your Department. Please contact the Environmental Services Manager, Utilities Department, if you have any questions regarding the assessment process. D-6 ATTACHMENT #2 ATTACHMENT A HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION PROGRAM Hazardous waste manifests Hazardous waste tax records Hazardous waste biennial reports Oil recycling records Inspection records from regulatory agencies Chemical inventory Hazardous material disclosure forms Facility drawings D-7 ATTACHM.ENT #3 ekly Scptember 17.19 30 Anaheim willexamine ways to reduce waste Over the next year, the Anaheim. Calif.Public Udlities Department wM study how to reduce the amount of hazardous waste produced in Anaheim and wM publish the;findings. City staff will identify types of waste generated in the city—waste oil.clean crs, solvents, paints, and other sub- stances—then will study ways of reduc- ing educeing the waste by recycling or switching to products that generate less hazard- ous wase- Reducing the wastes wiD cut polh} don and save the city money in disposal costs and long-term liability,said uoTt- ties General Manager Ed Aghjayan. The state Department of Health Ser vices has awarded Anaheim a$25,000 grant for the project,which is expected to cost $55,000. Anaheim's proposal was selected from 100 applications, D-S ATTACHMENT #4 PUBLIC UTILITIES DEPARTMENT ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION MEMORANDUM DATE: TO: Police Department FROM: Environmental Services Specialist SUBJECT: Environmental Assessment Program This is to confirm'that a Hazardous Waste Reduction evaluation has been scheduled to begin at your facility on Wednesday, November 28, 1990 at 1:00 pm. This evaluation will be performed by myself and the Safety Manager. Attached, per our discussion, is a copy of the memo from the City Manager describing the Hazardous Waste Reduction Program. The assessment will be conducted as follows: * We will provide you with a brief overview of the goals and objectives of the Hazardous Waste Reduction Program. * We will present the elements of the Hazardous Waste Reduction Grant the City has been awarded by the State Department of Health Services and how your department can participate. * We will need a brief description your operations that involve any type of chemicals or chemical storage, painting, cleaning and maintenance processes. * A tour of your facilities, maintenance locations and chemical storage areas. Please have staff available that will be able to answer questions regarding these operations. * Review of the records described on Attachment B of the memo from the City Manager. Please have them available, as applicable to your operations, at the opening meeting. I am looking forward to working with you and your staff on this project. If you have any questions, Please feel free to contact me at 533-5767. Thank you. D-9 ATTACHMENT #5 PUBLIC UTILITIES DEPARTMENT ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION MEMORANDUM DATE: TO: Administrative Services Coordinator FROM: Environmental Services Manager SUBJECT: Hazardous Waste Reduction Program As part of the City's Hazardous Waste Reduction Grant, I am proposing that a Environmental Enhancement Awards Program be developed as an incentive to initiate employee involvement in hazardous waste reduction and pollution prevention. I would like for the City Manager or the Mayor to be: involved with this aspect of the Program. The City of Los Angeles implemented a similar awards program and received several excellent proposals. Employee incentive programs are also identified as a source reduction approach in the recently passed waste minimization legislation, which requires generators to document waste minimization activities. The attachment outlines the specifics of the proposed program, including the program description, application requirements, and selection criteria. With your approval, I would like to initiate this program as soon as possible. If you have any questions or would like to discuss this project further, please feel free to contact me. Thank you. D-10 ATTACHMENT #6 C, ' .. f O I CITY OF ANAHEIM,CALIFORNIA ti Z' Public Utilities Department Dear: I am writing to your company in order to request your assistance in an awards program the City has initiated. Anaheim is trying to generate a higher level of environmental awareness and concern among our 4,500 employees. In order to do this, we are initiating Anaheim's Environmental Enhancement Awards Program. Following is a brief description of how the Program will work: Employees will submit ideas for innovative ways to protect our environment by reducing the amount of hazardous waste generated by City operations. Examples of suggestions are: ° The substitution of non-hazardous or less hazardous materials for hazardous materials currently being used. ° Process or procedure changes or modifications that reduce or eliminate the generation of hazardous waste. ° Identifying recycling opportunities for hazardous materials or hazardous waste. Employees who submit ideas that are implemented will receive 10% of the first year's estimated savings in addition to the awards that will be offered. That is where your company comes in. We would like your company to donate a weekend at your hotel to the employee submitting the best idea. Should your company decide to donate a week-end stay at your hotel, a representative of your company would be welcome to participate in the Program's evaluation and award process. In addition, your company would receive considerable publicity and recognition during the Program's advertising campaign. Please let me know if your company could assist us in this important endeavor. In addition to improving our employees environmental awareness, I feel that this Program has significant potential for enhancing our environment. D-11 (714)2 54-5100 P r) Rimy 1722. Anaheim. California 92803 ATTACHMENT #6 I would appreciate hearing from you at your earliest convenience regarding your company's participation in this endeavor. We hope to initiate the Program on March 8, 1991 and complete the evaluation process by April 1, 1991. If you have any questions regarding this Program please call me. Very truly yours, Environmental Services Manager D-12 Participate in ATTACHMENT #7 the. City of Anaheim's PROGRAMEnviroh mental Enhancement AwardS. Program IF' 7 The Environmental Enhancement Awards Program has been DESCRIPTION established, in conjunction with the Employee Involvement Program, to encourage City employees to submit ideas for innovative ways to pro- tect our environment by reducing the amount of hazardous waste gen- erated by City operations. Examples of suggestions are: The substitution of non-hazardous or less hazardous materials for hazardous materials currently being used. ® Process or procedure changes or modifications that reduce or eliminate the generation of hazardous waste. ® Identifying recycling opportunities for hazardous materials or hazardous waste. ._Mn MNG To submit your idea, complete an Employee Involvement Program YOUR IDEAS (EIP) application and submit it to Dennis Schmidt,EIP Administrator, Room 332, Civic Center. Call 254-4443, to obtain applications. All applications must be received by May 3, 1991. Employees who submit ideas that are implemented will receive up EIP AWARDS AND PRIZES to 10% of the first year's estimated savings. In addition, the following awards and prizes will be offered: * Plaque presented by * Get-away Weekends at: City Manager Anaheim Marriott * Disneyland Tickets Disneyland Hotel * California Angels Tickets. Pan Pacific Hotel * L.A. Fitness Center Annual Sterling Suites Membership For more information regarding this program, call John Hills, Environmental Services Man- av_er. Public Utilities Der)artment, at 533-5765. n-1'. ATTACHMENT #8 ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT AWARD JUDGES SCORING SHEET JUDGE: NOMINEE ID# PROJECT TITLE: Score each award nominee on the following criteria from a scale of 0 to 10 for their relative achievements: CRITERIA SCORE WEIGHT TOTAL SCORE 1. Multimedia Environmental Impact X 3.0 = (negative=0; positive=10) 2. Innovation X 2.0 = (derivative=0; inventive=10) 3. Ap licabilty X 2.0 = (site specific=0;applicable to many areas=10) 4. Potential for reduction in follution volume X 1.5 = negligable=O;significant=10) 5. Effect on product or service X 1.5 = quality (worse=0;enhanced=10) TOTAL SCORE _ (M&Kimum = 100) NOTES: Adapted from City of Los Angeles, HTIIA Project, Awards Program D-14 ATTACHMENT #9 cz O c x L = CD �- E -o E Q) co on Co co a cz E ¢� � O Q iccc ? �+— W p E >O1 c d cn U U -0 c cts o O �' c .— LU CD C: -0 C - - c E o O Cmc Eo 0 C) LM UJ cz — o ca • CD CD C > QE I— o E : . ca O cz cz � E V ('� o o " o .= cc •— -9 Cl •- o cZ t- o V WW4 O L U -15 ATTACHMIENT #10 CITY OF ANAHEIM PUBLIC UTILITIES DEPARTMENT ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION MEMORANDUM DATE: TO: Those Copied FROM: Environmental Services Manager SUBJECT: Hazardous Waste Minimization Board The Utilities Department is conducting a hazardous waste reduction study which is partially funded through a grant from the State Department of Health Services. The study involves an assessment of the types of hazardous materials which are used within the City, the types of processes which generate hazardous wastes and an evaluation of methods the City can implement to reduce the amount of hazardous waste which are being generated. As part of the project, the City is establishing a Waste Minimization Workgroup. The primary objectives of the Workgroup are: 1. Evaluate the feasibility of substituting less hazardous or non-hazardous materials for the hazardous materials being used. 2. Evaluate existing processes that generate hazardous wastes and attempt to identify alternative processes that may reduce or eliminate the generation of hazardous wastes. 3. Develop a program to evaluate chemicals prior to purchase. I would like to invite you, or a representative from your Department, to participate on this Workgroup. The Workgroup will be meeting once a month during the study, which will begin in January and end in June. The first meeting is scheduled for Wednesday, January 30, 1991 at 9:00 am in the Environmental Services Division, First Floor, First Interstate Bank, 222 S. Harbor Blvd. D-16 ATTACHMENT #10 The establishment of this Workgroup is essential for the development of an effective Waste Minimization Program within the City. I look forward to your Department's participation in making this program a success. If you have any questions, please contact me. Thank you. cc: Safety Manager Safety Administrator Purchasing Maintenance Convention Center Stadium Parks Department Police Department Fre Department Utilities Department D-17 et O s U . cn ro WW N Vr Q Z o c� 10 10 w v Q ""� E � cs"-•) �n oN N e % G. 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Z vfQo �" Z • O Z � • .j 'J $ g,� s M or .-+ W. i� U MR, q s d � R, 3 � r S m b a �' � f �■ i% � st . � �� ■§ a �t � As ■ ■ a � a . �— � � ® lo S-0 � � . . $ i ■ ' ■ 0 t ■ . � � $ — =� #� � � $ � - ■ _ a� kc _ 7� ox » t0 � m � � � 7 � $ — � � • �t� ��� % - �_ 2 ce � �¢ �� �� � ■ � 21a - � D-42 �+.. w Jo Ic F7. O Y �+a w 3 « V wO a� Y � Y s e t 'z 3mr. • .X s o • � � `CS �V Y � g* 2�y�L•, s� �v�+ tw Y u y x � .✓.r f+ e u D � �_A3 All 16 e t Y +� z � ;E r z = e �wr Z y i ver � Q � i f• r y 16 w a ac € 4 U °L 41 �. os � s Z � Y N Z Z �+ c _ d O vY •r r c a Y c ll c y T � c ^. i wT � 9 P-44 �r ♦C � Y r Y Y r 3 $ y � � y5 � a O C Y i W- • Y b C � � ao � Jc y U to a g Q �v+ wwl Z at c� c D-45 Attachment #14 This page is intended to summarize all viable source reduction alternatives for your facility. This summary will show an overall picture: of possible source reduction methods. The summary can be used to plan the implementation of waste minimization options. Fill in the "Source Reduction Alternative" column with the Source Reduction Method sheet information that have mostly "yes" across the sheet You may need to make additional copies of this checklist before filling it out SOURCE REDUCTION SUMMARY CHECKLIST Source Redoetbn Metbod Implementation SOURCE REDUCTION ALTERNATIVE Number Date Comments IJM6- uwk -qw ha-L . wa4c I -19-11 � .rhu►,� dean up W-45 lap /1T CA a �/'b iA f 4 1 �' it �►u +3u id f m 011 A c�a1 l �!� -t " Com✓ llv�r' � a�l .� " ►� rwane! in co�eol e�. a� � �- �6 - pl � " �ralh►� nxeLL W.-Ok 1.)cbP—I1,*t1jW.0 Maw em A as non ,1 26 rw ScamAV)VA 1 do 1 &V n rM mad, comments: Daw Evaluator(s): , Department , LA03=4nW?"Io OOZF.SI D-46 Attachment 14 This page is intended to summarize all viable source reduction alternatives for your facility. This summary will show an overall picture of possible source reduction methods. The summary can be used to plan the implementation of waste minimization options. o Fill in the "Source Reduction Alternative" column with the Source Reduction Method sheet information that have mostly "yes" across,the sheet You may need to make additional copies of this checklist before filling it out SOURCE REDUCTION SUMMARY CHECKLIST Source Redacdon Metbad Implementation SOURCE REDUCTION ALTEMNATIVE Number Data Comments �hO4 lf�4 a, -�rw &Lj 1 _LP sill t4 senit-A I S- - / / am 0 L �k Ter U C I 9- 16-11 �P fianr^� U0 o GJ 04 � ►L 1- q� 16 r �� �11 c� U -6 - r. r• eo r d L)I)VW ryokj3Js 4o wjJ-ors-- u Comments: Date: Evaluator(s): Department: PA& LA03'451wM%10 oo2FSl D-4' Attachment #14 This page is intended to summarize all viable source reduction alternatives for your facility. This summary will show an overall picture of possible source reduction methods. The summary can be used to plan the implementation of waste minimization options. Fill in the "Source Reduction Alternative" column with the Source Reduction Method sheet information that have mostly 'yes" across the sheet You may need to make additional copies of this checklist before filling it out SOURCE REDUCTION SUMMARY CHECKLIST SDWW Radacdon Metbed Itnpkmentadon SOURCE REDUCTION ALTERNATLVE.. Nmnber Dote Commenu Yon 0 Q � M"600 corn rni 6ck 2- 2,2 /, r ram CWWI-#eL7 or Itss"- a f Z 3 g— — ' R on ; Zfho i IUM- 3 ns ConMMU Date_ — '2 I Eraloator(s): f� SI'r11>� ems_ LA03=4AWW10 00 FS1 D-48 xon may need to make additional copies of this checklist before.filling it out. SOURCE REDUCTION SUMMARY CHECKLIST Source ReducUou Metbod Implementation SOURCE REDUCTION ALTF3t. XM r Number Date Comments eit d5e layh�n C Lae t&V249 4 'F-ddifto #,Mdv PMLAM 4 -5/ t1 - I / q it v- �" --5�enl em It It It It r Gz S -9 Co Porcwm t i II -falx. JLVn " uzJ rr 5 Comments: Data - E�alnator(s): �, SM Deputment: Ps . IA03=4AWM\610 00ZFS1 D-49 Attachment X14• This page is intended to summarize all viable source reduction alternatives for your facility. This summary will show an overall picture of possible source reduction methods. The summary can be used to plan the implementation of waste minimization options. Fill in the "Source Reduction Alternative" column with the Source Reduction Method sheet information that have mostly "yes" across the sheet You may need to make additional copies of this; checklist before filling it out SOURCE REDUCTION STAY ARY CHECKLIST Source Redoetlon Metbod Implementation SOURCE REDUC'MON ALTIILVATiVE Number Date Comments n-J, /tlCiL�- ��,_ 5-4_CQCaMr,i'ii� t 'e # 44 - I/_(!W�aj c o,r 4a lio 4 6 Comment= Date: Evalnawls): , Dept: acs Qat _ IA03'.l'4sWM\b1o_00''1Fs1 D=50 Attachment 15 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR SOURCE REDUCTION METHODS FOR SOLVENT WASTES PARKS AND RECREATION DEPARTMENT A large number of source reduction opportunities have been identified for solvent wastes from parks and recreation department activities. A large number of opportunities to reduce hazardous wastes through housekeeping and inventory controls or material substitutions have been identified. Most of these can be implemented in the short-term simply by identifying the problem to the appropirate personnel. A schedule for implementation is presentated in Table 1. Long-term goals incude development of an employee incentive program to encourage employee involvement in hazardous waste source reduction and involvement of employees in source reduction conferences. A committee to develop an employee incentive program will be formed by October 7, 1991. The committee will be charged with developing a program by January 1, 1992. Employees will be encouraged by supervisors to attend appropriate source reduction conferences. The safety manager will be charged with notifying supervisors of upcoming conferences. 0 D-S1 a .O jv � � � � pD � R � • •EE 'u3. 7G dl y a O m cOC y $ G O . two yt w .G J5 °•� h o9:60110 'wy�° ..r G r 'O r O N i wN RS � � •� G.. rrrj w � .�r+.r ... fr ... i Or dl H y a a C w96. n ,a .". �► .wo 03 Ou cz E 90 on y c a 'o G °' �'' 8 r H 9 O w yL0 w O t8 d G 'w •R C 1 CO v •`•: = s � c•a °a o ms's �a E r�.o E E � � �� � �, ,G, � y' o CSC w '� y H'v '= R • E rN N W b t� p, 'O C C �' O •"'" G N R .O .G�• �, O v O � v �' 'J . N y [S �•• as C! G•a �' ro G u O as � ? o ,.N•- a = © E r r d •; a � � N a � E a � T s ^ OA O D-52 Appendix E HAZARDOUS WASTE ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE o o� s v� O v� d w� a d N O Q Olen ui p �' L t7 �a w 0 N a s c: w 0 C� O � d z �� U �„d o• W d Q CG G d d � 3 4 3 E,-2 �r W 0 M 6� a� r - QZ O Q 1 V6 V O� .eL c c d to Z O et AT s tn c d Z Z d v� W W cin Ss• cin o cn � o •g N � r• O a. Z4 Q � O, 4 � 3 d °p 3 E.4 Appendix F SOURCE REDUCTION CHECKLISTS £ � .- a � % ' �� . 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F2 r 77it $ % % \ � % 40 3 S- 60 © f f # • « � � k $ Al. � a � $ � 7 & f� Appendix G SOURCE REDUCTION SUMMARY CHECKLIST This page is intended to summarize all viable source reduction alternatives for your facility.This summary will show and overall picture of possible source reduction methods. The summary can be used to plan the implementation of waste minimization options. Fill in the"Source Reduction Alternative"column with the Source Reduction Method sheet information that have mostly "yes"across the sheet. You may need to make additional copies of this checklist before filling it out SOURCE REDUCTION SUMMARY CHECKLIST Source Ruction Method Implementation SOURCE REDUCTION ALTERNATIVE Number Date Comments •a Comments: Due: Evaluator(s): Dcpartmenr. G-1