HomeMy WebLinkAboutMINUTES - 08161988 - I.O.13 TO. BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
FROM: INTERNAL OPERATIONS COMMITTEE Contra
Costa
DATE: AUGUST 15, 1988
.@ C;o^
SUBJECT: INCREASE IN ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE EXCISE TAXES
("SIN TAXES")
SPECIFIC REQUEST(S) OR RECOMMENDATION(S) & BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION
RECOMMENDATION:
1 . Direct the County Administrator to include in the Board' s 1989
Legislative Program an increase in the alcoholic beverage excise
taxes.
2 . Request the Health Services Director, through the alcohol program
staff, to establish a network of concerned individuals and agencies
who can be brought together in an effort to draft legislation which
might be introduced in 1989 .
3 . Request the County Administrator to consult with the County' s
lobbyist and legislative delegation regarding the feasibility of
meeting with representatives of the beer, wine and distilled
spirits industries with a view toward reaching a concensus ofl
legislation which could be introduced in 1989 which all parties.
could support and report his conclusions and recommendations to our
Committee.
4. Request the Health Services Director in consultation with the
Alcoholism Advisory Board and Drug Abuse Board to determine and
outline those steps that would be necessary to place an initiative
on the ballot in 1990 proposing a substantial increase in the
alcoholic beverage excise tax and report their recommendations to
our Committee.
5 . Request the Health Services Director, in consultation with the
Alcoholism Advisory Board and Drug Abuse Board, to ' prepare a public
education program addressing the issue of the abuse of alcohol and
other drugs and report their recommendations to our Committee.
One element of this program should consider the feasibility of a
substantial surcharge on the advertising of alcoholic beverages on
radio and television as a means of financing a public education
program or a requirement that all such ads include a reminder of
the need for responsible use of alcoholic beverages.
CONTINUED ON ATTACHMENT: _ YES SIGNATURE:
- RECOMMENDATION F COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR RECOMMENDATION OF BOARD COMMITTEE
APPROVE HER70-
SIGNATURE(S): Sunne W. McPeak Tom Torlakson
ACTION OF BOARD ON Auaust_ 16, 1988 APPROVED AS RECOMMENDED X OTHER
VOTE OF SUPERVISORS
I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT .THIS IS A TRUE
X UNANIMOUS (ABSENT ) AND CORRECT COPY OF AN ACTION TAKEN
AYES: NOES: AND ENTERED ON THE MINUTES OF THE BOARD
ABSENT; . ABSTAIN: OF SUPERVISORS ON THE DATE SHOWN.
ell
cc: CAO Drug Abuse Bd. ATTESTED
HS Director Alcohol Prog.Chief PHIL BIA CHELOR, CLERK OF THE BOARD OF
Sheriff-Coroner Drug Prog. Chief
Dist. Attorney SUPERVISORS AND COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR
County Counsel
Alcoholism Adv.Bd. BY ,DEPUTY
M382/7-83
-2-
BACKGROUND:
On June 7, 1988 the Board of Supervisors referred to our Committee the
feasibility of , increasing the excise tax on alcoholic beverages with the
proceeds from the increased tax to be dedicated to public education .
programs on the problems of substance abuse, and public health and
alcohol treatment and rehabilitation programs.
Our Committee met August 15, 1988 with Chuck Deutschman, Drug Program
Chief in the Health Services Department. We also reviewed the attached
report from the County Administrator' s Office indicating that the excise
tax on alcoholic beverages has been increased little over the past 50
years and not at all since 1967.
It was noted that of the 35 states that impose an excise tax on
alcoholic beverages, California ranks third lowest in the level of tax.
Doubling the current excise tax would generate $200 million a year which
could be dedicated to education, prevention and treatment programs for
those conditions which are brought about by an excessive use of alcohol.
While legislation to increase the tax does not appear to be feasible our
Committee agrees that an effort should be made to get legislation passed
in 1989 . Failing that, an initiative should be pursued in 1990 to allow
the public to determine whether the tax on alcoholic beverages should be
increased. We believe that the use of a grassroots effort, including
high school and college students and such groups as MADD, SADD, law '
enforcement groups and health advocates could be successful in an
initiative effort if legislation is not successful.
As a result of our deep concern about the need to find ways to prevent
the excessive use of alcoholic beverages, educate the public to the
problems created by such excessive use and finance the treatment
programs which are a county responsibility, we have agreed to make the
above recommendations.
OFFICE OF COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR
CONTRA COSTA COUNTY
Administration Building
Martinez, California
Supervisor Sunne McPeak
Supervisor Tom Torlakson
To: INTERNAL OPERATIONS Date: August 8 , 1988
From: Claude L. Van Marter �! ject: Feasibility of Increasing
Assistant Administrator, Sub "Sin Taxes"
On June 7 , 1988 , the Board of Supervisors referred to your
Committee the question of whether it is feasible to increase the
"sin taxes" and dedicate the increased revenue to programs
designed to prevent or treat the ailments resulting from i
excessive or inappropriate use of the products being taxed. This `
type of "user tax" makes the user of the produce pay for at least
a portion of cost of medical and other care which may be directly
related to the use of the product.
In terms of a definition of "sin tax" for purposes of this
report, we will limit ourselves to the tax on tobacco products
and the excise tax on beer, wine and distilled spirits.
We are not going to give much attention at this point to the tax
on tobacco products because an initiative (Proposition 99) has
qualified for the ballot in November. If approved by the voters,
Proposition 99 would increase the excise tax on cigarettes from
10 cents per pack to 35 cents per pack, with the. increased tax
being dedicated to a variety of health and public health programs
designed to address the medical problems generally associated
with smoking.
The other major area of "sin tax" is the excise tax on alcoholic
beverages. California imposes. an excise tax on beer, on wine and
on distilled spirits (hard liquor) . We will describe the history
of each of these taxes and then provide some recommendations on
what actions your Committee may wish to take.
BEER - Prohibition was repealed by the enactment of the 21st
Amendment to the U. S. Constitution on December 15, 1933. The
California Legislature moved quickly to impose an excise tax on
beer effective July 1, 1935. The tax initially was 2 cents per
gallon, or 62 cents per barrel. The tax remained at this level
until July 1, 1959 when the tax was doubled to 4 cents per
gallon, or $1.24 per barrel. Therefore, the initial 2 cents per
gallon was left in place for 24 years, from 1935 to 1959. The
tax has now been at the 4 cents per gallon level for 29 years
without any change. (The current tax is provided .for in Revenue
and Taxation Code Section 32151) .
Interna_ --orations
August
Page
DISTILLED SPIRITS - The Legislature likewise imposed an excise'
tax or., f _ sp._lled spirits effective July 1, 1935. The excise tax
was fi re. 80 cents per gallon for distilled spirits of proof
strengt : ( 50% alcohol by volume) or less and $1 . 60 per gallon for
all dist_=led spirits in excess of proof strength. The tax was
increased effective July 1, 1955 to $1 . 50 per gallon for proof
strength or less and $3 . 00 per gallon in excess of proof
strength. The tax was agai:: increased effective August 16 , 1967
to $2 . 00 per gallon for proof strength or less and $4. 00 per,
gallon in excess c_ proof strength. The tax, in summary, has
been as follows:
1935 - 1955 80 cents per gallon
195- - 1967 $1. 50 per gallon
1967 - to date $2. 00 per gallon
Therefore, while there have been some substantial increases in
the tax over the years, it has been 21 years since the tax has
been increased. (The current tax is provided for in Revenue &
Taxation. Code Section 32201 ) . "
WINE
Describing the tax on wine is somewhat more complex because the'
tax is imposed differently on four categories of wine:
1. Wine with alcohol content not more than 14%
2. Wine with alcohol content more than 14%
3 . Champagne and sparkling wines
4 . Sparkling hard cider
Initially in 1935 the tax was imposed on only two categories:
2 cents per gallon for .-all wines, regardless
of alcohol content
24 cents per gallon on champagne and sparkling wines
In 1937, the tax on what was referred to as "natural dry wine" .
.was actually reduced from 2 cents per gallon to l cent per
gallon. The tax remained at 2 cents per gallon on all other
wines.
In 1953 , the distinction was first made between wines with less.
than 14% alcohol and wines with more than 14% alcohol. The tax
remained 1 cent per gallon on the former and 2 cents per gallon
on the latter. For the first time, sparkling hard cider was
defined as a separate category and taxed at 2 cents per gallon.
Internal Operations
August 8 , 1988
Page 3
In 1959 , the tax on champagne and sparkling wine was increased
from 24 cents per gallon to 30 cents per gallon.
Thus , if natural dry wine can be equated with wine with no more
than 14% alcohol, the tax started at 2 cents per gallon was
reduced to 1 cent per gallon in 1937 and has never been increased
in the last 51 years.
The tax on wine with more than 14% alcohol has been 2 cents per
gallon since 1935 and has never been increased.
The tax on champagne and sparkling wines which started out at 24
cents per gallon in 1935 was increased to 30 cents per gallon in
1959 where it has remained for 29 years.
Sparkling hard cider was first defined as a separate category in
1953 . This tax, 2 cents per gallon, has not been increased in
the 35 years since it was established. (The current tax is
provided for in Revenue & Taxation Code Section 32151) .
CONCLUSIONS:
1. Except for the 50 cents per gallon increase in the tax on
distilled spirits in 1967, there has been no marked change
in the excise tax on alcoholic beverages for nearly 30
years.
2 . There has been no change at all in these taxes since 1967
and in several cases (namely wine) there has been . no change
in over 50 years .
3 . The tax on beer, on a volume of alcohol basis, is
substantially higher than the tax on wine. If we assume
most beer is 6% alcohol and most wine is 12% alcohol, the 4
cents per gallon tax on beer is 8 times as high as the same
amount of alcohol in wine.
4 . There is no doubt a very good reason why the tax on wine has
been kept at such a low level. Wine is a major product in
California and the tax is undoubtedly kept low to keep
California wines competitive.
Internal Operations
August 8, 1988
Page 4
RECOMMENDATIONS-
The liquor lobby in Ca= _ = r: -:ia is well Financed and '
extraordinarily effective at keen-ng the tax on their products at
a low level. An all-out assau_ on the liquor lobby is likely to '
be very expensive and of questionable success. If it were simple ,
to increase the tax on alcoholic beverages it would have been,,
done one or more times in the -:ast 20y..�_
ears The Fact that such'
an such
has not been effective is a testament to thee,;
effectiveness of the liquor in protecting its =nterests.
( 1 ) A dialogue might be undertaken with the liquor lobby
and leading legislators to see What chance there is of
pressing for a dedicated tax increase in 1989 .
Dedicating., the proceeds of a tax increase to specific ''
alcohol-related medical problems is probably less
acceptable to the liquor lobby than a straight taxi
increase for general revenue purposes.
( 2 ) If -such a dialogue indicates substantial resistance. to ''
such a tax increase, then the only viable alternative '
would appear to be an initiative campaign similar to '
Proposition 99. This would also be expensive and would .
require the dedication of substantial time and energy. ,
However, this may well be the only way such a tax '
increase stands any chance of being enacted.
CLVM:clg
cc: Mark Fincuane, Health Services. Director .
Richard Rainey, Sheriff-Coroner
Gary Yancey, District Attorney
Stu McCullough., Mental.- Health Director
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